Dance therapy as form of communication activating psychotherapy for schizophrenic patients

This paper describes a method of dance therapy for the treatment of schizophrenic patients, based on a methodology from outside Russia and adapted to the conditions of Russia. Aims, purposes, and targets of dance therapy are considered as applied to the rehabilitation treatment of schizophrenic patients. The structure of the entire course of dance therapy consisting of 10 sessions is described, with 260 patients having been subjected to the course. Certain clinical cases of non-verbal communication development dynamics in the process of dance therapy are considered. Dance therapy is shown to be a form of communication activating psychotherapy treatment of schizophrenic patients. This therapy was developed and applied by the author of this paper.     

Editorial

This article describes the significance of Dance Mobility?, a new community dance programme that follows a New Zealand partnership research project, designed for older adults with diverse motor skill levels and dance experiences. The programme includes high-functioning older adults, some with sensory or balance impairments and others with Parkinson's disease. We discuss the benefits and challenges of facilitating a once-weekly dance practice model and the ways the programme affects individuals’ sensorial states of well-being and awareness. Somatic practices are introduced as integral to Dance Mobility? teaching methods and dance activities. We include observations and comparisons with dance embodiment theories, cross-disciplinary goals of gerontology and exercise science/rehabilitation research to debate benefits and limitations of dance for older adults, and adaptive methods of the Dance Mobility? approach. Somatic research is needed to build evidence-based conclusions that advance older adults’ feelings of well-being and safeguard their motivations to continue moving freely.     

Music,movement, and emotions: an inquiry with suggestions for the practice of dance/movement therapy

ABSTRACT

Emotions play a significant role in our lives. While the literature has shed some light on how emotions are evoked, not all aspects are well understood. Music and dance or movement have been shown to stimulate an aesthetic or emotional response and seem to affect each other. However, these cross-modal influences have only been studied in individuals who are passively engaged . Missing are accounts of how music affects dancers and moving affects making music, a gap which is especially salient considering the frequent application of music during dance/movement therapy sessions. In this paper, I present a vignette from a creative arts studio class and subsequently describe the use of a heuristic arts-informed methodology as a means of gaining greater understanding about the connection between music and movement and their influences on emotions. I connect extant literature to my own findings and derive suggestions for the field of dance/movement therapy.     

Discourse: Trudi Schoop and Vaslav Nijinsky,and dance as healer

Conceived as an entrée to discourse, this paper explores the phenomenon of dance as healer, to evoke rather than to answer questions. The intention has been to examine dance in its capacity of healer, scrutinising it in the absence of a formal intermediary intervention such as dance/movement therapy or other somatic models. The early lives of two former luminaries of the dance world are profiled: the first, Trudi Schoop, famed comic mime and early pioneer in dance/movement therapy; the other, Vaslav Nijinsky, renowned dancer and choreographer in the world of ballet. Disparate heritages and life circumstances carried them along radically divergent paths, although both struggled to overcome serious psychiatric issues. Schoop overcame her difficulties vis-à-vis obsessive-compulsive behaviours; Nijinsky's accumulated problems led, ultimately, to chronic schizophrenia. They shared, in common, an overriding passion for and commitment to dance. The discourse focuses on the role of dance, as healer, in their existential journeys.     

A psychoanalytic perspective of endings in therapy: A dance movement psychotherapy case study

This paper is an account of time-limited dance movement psychotherapy in an inner-city London school during my final year of training for an MA in Dance Movement Psychotherapy. I describe the treatment of a traumatised 9-year-old boy using psychoanalytic theories, in particular Winnicott's ideas. This patient suffered at an early age from the drastic separation of his father and, when he was 6 years of age, various dramatic events led to the hospitalisation of his mother due to psychiatric problems. The impending ending of the therapy and the trainee's repetition of a ‘neglectful transference’ triggered powerful memories of traumatic past separations, which aroused deep-seated anxieties in the patient and trainee alike. The work towards a ‘good enough’ ending in the new therapeutic relationship was of great value to the patient's recovery. Parallels are drawn with the trainee's feelings of ending her dance movement psychotherapy course.     

“Embodying opposites”—A case illustration of Dance Movement Therapy as an additional intervention in the treatment of co-morbid Borderline Personality Disorder and Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Dance Movement Therapy is gradually becoming recognized as a treatment option in Mental Health Care. However, the working mechanisms can be difficult to comprehend without experiential knowledge of this therapy form. This article aims to offer insight into the clinical application of Dance Movement Therapy for Sanne, a woman with a history of interpersonal relationship difficulties, problems with self-regulation, low self-efficacy and diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder and co-morbid Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. This case illustration describes treatment interventions during two months of bi-monthly Dance Movement Therapy as an additional treatment alongside weekly group therapy and bi-monthly individual Psychotherapy. Post treatment, Sanne demonstrates improvements in self-regulatory behavior, interpersonal relationships and self-efficacy as well as an experience she describes as being whole. This article highlights the implications for practitioners of embodied forms of therapy as well as multidisciplinary teams who wish to better understand how the use of opposites within Dance Movement Therapy may be used as an additional intervention for people with Borderline Personality Disorder and co-morbid complex Post Traumatic stress Disorder.     

Psychodynamic Movement and Dance Therapy (PMDT) in Hungary

The emergence of dance therapy in Hungary has been a long and organic process from the 1980s onwards. In those years, psychiatrist and psychotherapist Márta Merényi developed Psychodynamic Movement and Dance Therapy (PMDT), a psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapeutic method, based on the body-mind work, the movement improvisation and the psychodynamic working through of movement experiences and relations in the group. This article offers insight into the Hungarian PMDT: its history, theoretical roots, therapeutic practice, applications, training and organisation, with an outline of the special characteristics of body-mind work, the interpersonal dynamics, leader instructions, and the creative movement and verbalism in PMDT.     

Closed-Loop Brain–Machine–Body Interfaces for Noninvasive Rehabilitation of Movement Disorders

Traditional approaches for neurological rehabilitation of patients affected with movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), dystonia, and essential tremor (ET) consist mainly of oral medication, physical therapy, and botulinum toxin injections. Recently, the more invasive method of deep brain stimulation (DBS) showed significant improvement of the physical symptoms associated with these disorders. In the past several years, the adoption of feedback control theory helped DBS protocols to take into account the progressive and dynamic nature of these neurological movement disorders that had largely been ignored so far. As a result, a more efficient and effective management of PD cardinal symptoms has emerged. In this paper, we review closed-loop systems for rehabilitation of movement disorders, focusing on PD, for which several invasive and noninvasive methods have been developed during the last decade, reducing the complications and side effects associated with traditional rehabilitation approaches and paving the way for tailored individual therapeutics. We then present a novel, transformative, noninvasive closed-loop framework based on force neurofeedback and discuss several future developments of closed-loop systems that might bring us closer to individualized solutions for neurological rehabilitation of movement disorders.     

Psychological treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia: A meta-analysis

Although the efficacy of psychological treatment for panic disorder (PD) with or without agoraphobia has been the subject of a great deal of research, the specific contribution of techniques such as exposure, cognitive therapy, relaxation training and breathing retraining has not yet been clearly established. This paper presents a meta-analysis applying random- and mixed-effects models to a total of 65 comparisons between a treated and a control group, obtained from 42 studies published between 1980 and 2006. The results showed that, after controlling for the methodological quality of the studies and the type of control group, the combination of exposure, relaxation training, and breathing retraining gives the most consistent evidence for treating PD. Other factors that improve the effectiveness of treatments are the inclusion of homework during the intervention and a follow-up program after it has finished. Furthermore, the treatment is more effective when the patients have no comorbid disorders and the shorter the time they have been suffering from the illness. Publication bias and several methodological factors were discarded as a threat against the validity of our results. Finally the implications of the results for clinical practice and for future research are discussed.     

Physical therapy in palliative care: from symptom control to quality of life: a critical review

Physiotherapy is concerned with identifying and maximizing movement potential, within the spheres of promotion, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. Physical therapists practice in a broad range of inpatient, outpatient, and community-based settings such as hospice and palliative care centers where as part of a multidisciplinary team of care, they address the physical and functional dimensions of the patients' suffering. Physiotherapy treatment methods like therapeutic exercise, electrical modalities, thermal modalities, actinotherapy, mechanical modalities, manual physical therapy and assistive devices are useful for a range of life-threatening and life-limiting conditions like cancer and cancer-associated conditions; HIV; neurodegenerative disorders like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis; respiratory disorders like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; and altered mental states. The professional armamentarium is still expanding with inclusion of other miscellaneous techniques which were also proven to be effective in improving quality of life in these patients. Considering the scope of physiotherapy in India, and in palliative care, professionals in a multidisciplinary palliative care team need to understand and mutually involve toward policy changes to successfully implement physical therapeutic palliative care delivery.     

Progress in Stem Cell Therapy for Major Human Neurological Disorders

Human neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease, stroke or spinal cord injury are caused by the loss of neurons and glial cells in the brain or spinal cord in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Stem cell technology has become an attractive option to investigate and treat these diseases. Several types of neurons and glial cells have successfully been generated from stem cells, which in some cases, have ameliorated some dysfunctions both in animal models of neurological disorders and in patients at clinical level. Stem cell-based therapies can be beneficial by acting through several mechanisms such as cell replacement, modulation of inflammation and trophic actions. Here we review recent and current remarkable clinical studies involving stem cell-based therapy for AD and stroke and provide an overview of the different types of stem cells available nowadays, their main properties and how they are developing as a possible therapy for neurological disorders.     

The use of metaphors in dance movement therapy

This text focuses on the specific structure of metaphors in terms of movement processes. The processing of symbolic movement material through structures derived from dance as an art form is investigated. Metaphors that support nonverbal attunement between patient and therapist, and how the use of metaphors and creative processes help establish the inter-subjective relation in dance movement therapy are described.     

The cultural responsibility of dance movement therapy: philosophical considerations

This paper examines the cultural situation and special responsibility of dance movement therapy, delineating certain philosophical and cultural-theoretical interpretations of the ‘corporeal turn’ and ‘therapeutic turn’ of contemporary culture. It aims to show how dance movement therapy’s theoretical horizon is inseparable from the body-mind integration of contemporary philosophies, and how corporeal turn is present in consumer culture, including some of its destructive forms of idealisation and malign regression. The question of how DMT is able to turn malignant regression to the body into benign regression is addressed, and an analysis of the correlating postmodern idea of resilience is offered. Finally, DMT groups are interpreted as social microcosms, and the way Hungarian psychodynamic movement and dance therapists apply their group therapeutic method for the development of democratic culture in the Civil Group Project is described.     

Embodied attunement: a dance/movement therapy approach to working with couples

ABSTRACT

Attachment theory is well-recognised for understanding and treating adult love relationships. Neuroscientific research highlights the implicit process of attachment and the unconscious, nonverbal, bodily-based, and affect-regulating interactions of the right brain hemispheres in attachment development. Effective couple therapy ought to consider the implicit processes between infants and caregivers as a model to develop secure attachment in romantic partners, which makes dance/movement therapy (D/MT) a valuable treatment modality. Mirroring is a staple D/MT intervention that involves imitation of a client’s movement by the therapist to enhance attunement and empathy. In this paper, the author explores the overlap between attachment theory, neuroscience, dance/movement therapy, and couple therapy. A theoretical model is proposed for the use of mirroring with couples to foster secure attachment by means of attunement on a bodily-based level. Future research is suggested in order to measure the effectiveness of mirroring on couples’ attachment.     

Bewältigungsstrategien beim Restless-legs-Syndrom

Restless legs syndrome is one of the most common neurological disorders. It is characterized by an urge or need to move the legs and is usually associated with abnormal sensations or pain in the affected limbs. RLS symptoms mainly occur in the evening and/or at night as well as at rest and are typically relieved by movement. Treatment is indicated in the presence of psychological distress, mostly following sleep disturbances and associated impairment. The course of the illness is usually chronic. Frequently comorbid mental disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders develop. The treatment of RLS is symptomatic; therapy of first choice is treatment with L-dopa and dopamine agonists. In many cases, patients in partial remission are confronted with subsequent psychosocial problems. An improvement of coping with the disorder can lead to better quality of life. First experiences with a mindfulness based cognitive behavioral therapy as add-on treatment to medication treatment are promising.     

Functional aspects of mammalian neural transplantation

Although initially perceived as a method to study neural development and regeneration, neural transplantation has recently become a very promising approach in its own right as a therapeutic tool to treat neurodegenerative disorders. The development of several animal models which mimic aspects of clinical disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's chorea, provides systems in which to study the potential benefits of grafts derived from different sources. Both fetal and adult donor tissues presently are under investigation. Additionally, cell lines and genetically engineered cells also are being developed as suitable graft material. Important aspects of graft-host interaction, including cell survival, host regeneration, immune interactions, improved behavior, and blood-brain barrier phenomena, may be studied in these transplant models. Advances in this field of biomedical research have led to clinical trials in patients afflicted with Parkinson's disease who now are undergoing transplantation therapy. Thus far, the results have been equivocal, raising important ethical questions about continued clinical studies until more is understood about how neural transplants function and interact with the host. Nevertheless, neural transplantation holds tremendous promise as a future therapeutic tool to treat progressive and irreversible neural disorders.     

低氧运动介导miRNAs影响糖代谢：预防控制糖代谢异常的新认识

文题释义： MicroRNAs(miRNAs)：是在真核生物中发现的一类内源性的具有调控功能的非编码RNA,其大小长20-25个核苷酸。成熟的miRNAs是由较长的初级转录物经过一系列核酸酶的剪切加工而产生的,随后组装进RNA诱导的沉默复合体,通过碱基互补配对的方式识别靶mRNA,并根据互补程度的不同指导沉默复合体降解靶mRNA或者阻遏靶mRNA的翻译。 胰岛素抵抗：是指各种原因使胰岛素促进葡萄糖摄取和利用的效率下降,机体代偿性的分泌过多胰岛素产生高胰岛素血症,以维持血糖的稳定。胰岛素抵抗易导致代谢综合征和2型糖尿病。20世纪50年代Yallow等应用放射免疫分析技术测定血浆胰岛素浓度,发现血浆胰岛素水平较低的患者胰岛素敏感性较高,而血浆胰岛素较高的人对胰岛素不敏感,由此提出了胰岛素抵抗的概念。 背景：研究结果表明,miRNAs与肥胖和糖尿病关系密切,miRNAs可能成为糖尿病诊断和预后的潜在生物标志物。 目的：通过综述miRNAs促进胰岛素的敏感性、控制胰岛素的合成以及调控胰岛素抵抗等在低氧运动方面的作用,探讨低氧运动介导miRNAs调控糖代谢的机制。 方法：检索 PubMed、CNKI 和万方数据库等数据库关于低氧运动、糖代谢及miRNAs的相关研究,检索词为“低氧运动”“糖代谢”及“miRNAs”“Low oxygen movement”“Hypoxic exercise”“hypoxia-mediated” “Sugar metabolism”“Glucose metabolism”等。检索时限为2007年至2019年,按照纳入标准和排除标准对搜索文献进行筛选。 结果与结论：研究表明,miRNAs调控靶基因的表达进而影响糖代谢的稳态,调节胰岛素信号的传导途径主要来自蛋白质级联表达的潜力。在低氧运动中miRNAs可以用作单个分子或联合治疗,整合有关miRNAs对胰岛素信号传导途径,用来开发新的miRNAs相关诊断和治疗方法,以望在不久的将来解决2型糖尿病的治疗问题。在低氧运动中miRNAs对糖代谢的影响机制不仅可以为科学降糖、控体质量提供理论依据,还可以将低氧运动作为糖代谢紊乱相关疾病的预防与控制的干预手段,从而为治疗糖代谢异常引起的疾病提供新的治疗途径。 ORCID: 0000-0001-9868-0478(蒋涵) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

不同模式下血流限制治疗老年性肌肉减少症的效果与安全因素

背景:有研究报道了血流限制疗法对中老年肌肉适能的影响与优势,基本肯定了血流限制疗法应用的科学性和其改善中老年人肌力及肌肉量的有效性,但关于不同运动模式下的血流限制疗法在老年性肌肉减少症中的应用以及相关作用机制的综述国内外还未见报道。目的:综述不同运动模式下的血流限制疗法应用于老年性肌肉减少症的应用效果、安全性及不良反应,为此类患者选择科学有效的治疗方式提供新的思路。方法:在PubMed、ScienceDirect、Web of Science、万方、维普、CNKI数据库检索2005年1月至2020年7月收录的相关文献,英文检索词为“blood flow restriction or exercise or therapy;KAATSU training;sarcopenia;motor function;mechanism”;中文检索词为“血流限制疗法;血流限制训练;血流限制;加压血流阻滞训练;加压训练;老年性肌肉减少症;肌少症;少肌症;肌肉力量;运动功能;机制”,经筛选后对50篇文献进行归纳总结。结果与结论:①在老年性肌肉减少症患者中使用血流限制疗法可增加肌肉力量和肌容积,尤其是与中低强度抗阻运动结合的效果最佳且不良反应少;②血流限制疗法可能通过增加肌肉组织蛋白合成与降解速率、提高线粒体能量代谢水平及改善组织微循环水平发挥作用,但目前血流限制疗法发挥作用的机制仍存在争议,需进一步研究加以论证;③在老年性肌肉减少症患者中使用血流限制疗法尚无明确的安全性结论,使用中需重点关注血流闭塞压力和运动负荷情况。     

Loving‐kindness meditation to enhance recovery from negative symptoms of schizophrenia

In this article, we describe the clinical applicability of loving‐kindness meditation (LKM) to individuals suffering from schizophrenia‐spectrum disorders with persistent negative symptoms. LKM may have potential for reducing negative symptoms such as anhedonia, avolition, and asociality while enhancing factors consistent with psychological recovery such as hope and purpose in life. Case studies will illustrate how to conduct this group treatment with clients with negative symptoms, the potential benefits to the client, and difficulties that may arise. Although LKM requires further empirical support, it promises to be an important intervention since there are few treatments for clients afflicted with negative symptoms. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 65: 1–11, 2009.