Guillain-Barr综合征患者脑脊液和血清S-100b蛋白含量的测定

目的　探讨脑脊液和血清S 10 0b蛋白含量对Guillain Barre综合征 (GBS)患者施万细胞损伤的评估价值。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附试验双抗体夹心法对 5 0例GBS患者 (重型组 19例 ,轻型组 31例 )和 2 2名正常人的脑脊液和血清S 10 0b蛋白含量进行检测 ,同时行脑脊液细胞学检查。对GBS患者还进行了脑脊液和血清的动态检测。结果　 (1)两组GBS患者脑脊液S 10 0b蛋白含量均高于对照组 (均P <0 0 1) ,重型组与轻型组差异亦有显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ;血清S 10 0b蛋白含量重型组患者高于轻型组和对照组 (均P <0 0 5 ) ,轻型组与对照组差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。 (2 )重型组患者脑脊液单核细胞比例明显高于轻型组和对照组 (均P <0 0 1) ,轻型组与对照组间差异无显著意义(P >0 0 5 )。 (3)GBS患者脑脊液S 10 0b蛋白含量随脑脊液单核细胞比例增减及病情的轻重而发生相应的变化。结论　脑脊液和血清S 10 0b蛋白含量与GBS患者病情严重程度相关。     

Guillain-Barré综合征患者脑脊液和血清S-100b蛋白含量的测定

目的探讨脑脊液和血清S-100b蛋白含量对Guillain-Barre综合征(GBS)患者施万细胞损伤的评估价值.方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验双抗体夹心法对50例GBS患者(重型组19例,轻型组31例)和22名正常人的脑脊液和血清S-100 b蛋白含量进行检测,同时行脑脊液细胞学检查.对GBS患者还进行了脑脊液和血清的动态检测.结果 (1) 两组GBS患者脑脊液 S-100b蛋白含量均高于对照组(均P<0.01),重型组与轻型组差异亦有显著意义(P<0.01);血清S-100b蛋白含量重型组患者高于轻型组和对照组(均P<0.05),轻型组与对照组差异无显著意义(P＞0.05).(2)重型组患者脑脊液单核细胞比例明显高于轻型组和对照组(均P<0.01),轻型组与对照组间差异无显著意义(P＞0.05).(3)GBS患者脑脊液 S-100b蛋白含量随脑脊液单核细胞比例增减及病情的轻重而发生相应的变化.结论脑脊液和血清 S-100b蛋白含量与GBS患者病情严重程度相关.     

格林——巴利综合征患者血清微量元素锌、铜、铁含量变化及意义

本文应用火焰原子吸收法测定了44例格林—巴利综合征(GBS)患者血清锌、铜、铁含量,并以52例相应年龄的正常人为对照,结果为GBS患者血清锌含量低于对照组,重型患者低于轻型患者,患病早期低于恢复期,GBS患者锌/铜比值低于对照组,儿童患者锌、铁含量低于儿童对照组。提示GBS患者存在着血清锌、铜、铁代谢异常,并就其可能的机制进行了探讨。     

精神分裂症患者血清唾液酸含量研究

目的：探讨精神分裂症患者血清唾液酸(SA)含量的变化及其临床意义。方法：86例首发精神分裂症患者用利培酮治疗6个月，于治疗前及治疗第1、3、6个月末采取血液标本进行血清SA含量测定，同时用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定疗效，并与32名健康者(正常对照组)进行比较。结果：精神分裂症患者血清SA含量明显高于对照组。治疗后逐渐下降，到第6个月末最明显，且与PANSS总分的降低值呈显著正相关。结论：精神分裂症患者发病期间血清SA含量增高，可能与精神病理学改变有关。     

Guillain—Barre综合征患者脊液和血清S—100b蛋白含量的测定

目的 探讨脑脊液和血清S－100b蛋白含量对Guillain-Barre综合征（GBS）患者施万细胞损伤的评估价值。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验双抗体夹心法对50例GBS患者（重型组19例,轻型组31例）和22名正常人的脑脊液和血清S－100b蛋白含时量进行检测,同时行脑脊液细胞学检查。对GBS患者还进行了脑脊液和血清的动态检测。结果 （1）两组GBS患者脑脊液S－100b蛋白含量均高于对照组（均P＜0．01）,重型组与轻型组差异有显著意义（P＜0．01）;血清S－100b蛋白含量重型组患者高于轻型组和对照组（均P＜0．05）,轻型组与对照组差异无显著意义（P＞0．05）。（2）重型组患者脑脊液单核细胞比例明显高于轻型组和对照组（均P＜0．01）,轻型组与对照组间差异无显著意义（P＞0．05）。（3）GBS患者脑脊液S－100b蛋白含量随脑脊液单核细胞比例增减及病情的轻重而发生相应的变化。结论 脑脊液和血清S－100b蛋白含量与GBS患者病情严重程度相关。     

Guillain-Barré综合征患者血清和脑脊液IL-18、IL-13水平的测定及临床意义

目的探讨IL-18、IL-13在吉兰-巴雷(GBS)患者血清和脑脊液(CSF)中的含量变化及其在发病机制中的作用。方法用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定GBS患者急性期与恢复期血清及脑脊液IL-18、IL-13水平。结果GBS患者急性期血清及脑脊液IL-18与IL-13水平均明显高于恢复期和对照组(均P<0·01);且病情重者高于病情轻者(均P<0·05);恢复期血清IL-18、IL-13水平虽下降,但仍高于对照组(均P<0·01);相关分析发现血清和脑脊液IL-18、IL-13呈正相关关系(均P<0·05)。结论IL-18、IL-13可能在周围神经脱髓鞘的病理损害的发病机制中起着十分重要的作用,并与病情轻重有关。     

血清与脑脊液S100B含量与吉兰-巴雷综合征分型及病程关系的研究

目的探讨血清与脑脊液S100B含量与吉兰-巴雷综合征(Guillain-Barr syndrome,GBS)不同亚型及病程的关系。方法选取31例吉兰-巴雷综合征患者,其中包括经典吉兰-巴雷综合征(acute inflammato-ry demyelinative polyradicul-oneuropathy,AIDP)患者18例,急性运动轴索型神经病(acute motor axon neuropathy,AMAN)患者13例,对照组血清30例,对照组脑脊液10例,用ELISA法测定其S100B的含量;对GBS患者进行1年随访,评价S100B与GBS病程的关系。结果血清S100B含量AIDP组明显高于AMAN组(P<0.05)和对照组(P<0.05),AMAN组与对照组比较无明显差异(P>0.05);而在脑脊液中S100B含量AIDP组明显高于AMAN组和对照组(P<0.05),AMAN组和对照组间亦有明显差别(P<0.05);两组GBS患者脑脊液S100B含量均高于其同组的血清S100B含量(P<0.05);AIDP组血清和脑脊液S100B含量与患者病初运动功能缺失程度(初次Hughes评分)相关,前者r=0.9155,后者r=0.5716。AMAN组血清和脑脊液S100B含量与患者病初运动功能缺失程度(初次Hughes评分)均有相关性,前者r=0.7789,后者r=0.8607。AIDP组血清和脑脊液S100B含量与患者病程一年运动功能恢复程度(末次Hughes评分)都有相关性,前者r=0.7690,后者r=0.6448。AMAN组血清和脑脊液S100B含量与患者病程一年运动功能恢复程度(末次Hughes评分)均有相关性,前者r=0.8677,后者r=0.8651。结论测定血清和脑脊液S100B含量对指导分型具有一定的临床意义,而用血清和脑脊液S100B含量的高低预测GBS病程则不可取,但是如能在结合病理和电生理等检查基础上确定GBS的分型后,血清和脑脊液S100B含量血清和脑脊液S100B含量的高低在一定程度上可以预测患者的病程。     

多发性硬化和格林-巴利综合征患者体液中TNF及IL-1水平与临床关系的研究

测定了多发性硬化(MS)和格林-巴利综合征(GBS)患者的细胞因子，发现活动的MS血清和脑脊液(CSF)TNF水平显著高于稳定的MS和对照组。GBS患者急性期CSF和血清TNF水平显著高于对照组及治疗后水平。另外，MS和GBS患者CSF的TNF水平均高于相应的血清水平。通过研究还发现MS和GBS组CSF的蛋白含量显著增高。此外，MS组CSF白细胞敷与CSF的TNF水平及CSF蛋白含量相关，且CSF蛋白含量与血清、CSF的TNF水平相关。这表明TNF一方面可能来源干鞘内的单个核细胞，另一方面由于血脑屏障受损可能来源于血液，另外还可能来源于神经肢质细胞及血管内皮细胞。TNF可能在炎性脱鞘病发病初期起作用。     

Guillain-Barre综合征患儿血清白介素-18、白介素-13水平的变化

目的探讨白介素(IL)-18、IL-13在Guillain-Barre综合征(GBS)患儿血清中的含量变化及意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定GBS患儿急性期与恢复期血清IL-18、IL-13水平,并与正常对照组比较。结果GBS患儿急性期血清IL-18[(44.87±7.53)pg/ml]与IL-13[(37.46±6.94)pg/ml]水平均明显高于恢复期[和(38.25±5.86)pg/ml、(32.14±6.89)pg/ml]和正常对照组[(32.35±4.93)pg/ml、(24.76±5.59)pg/ml](均P<0.01);且病情重者[(47.02±8.39)pg/ml、(39.46±6.72)]pg/ml]明显高于病情轻者[(41.96±5.58)pg/ml、(34.51±6.25)pg/ml](均P<0.05);GBS患者恢复期血清IL-18、IL-13水平仍高于正常对照组(均P<0.01);相关分析发现GBS病情与血清IL-18、IL-13水平呈正相关(r=0.116,0.078,均P<0.05)。结论GBS患儿血清IL-18、IL-13含量增加,其可能参与了GBS的发病机制。     

格林—巴利综合征患者血清TNF和sIL—2R水平

目的:探讨肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)和可溶性白细胞介素2受体(sIL-2R)在格林-巴利综合征(GBS)发病中的作用及其临床意义。方法:采用双抗体夹心ELISA法对28例GBS患者和36例正常对照血清TNF及sIL-2R水平进行了检测。结果:GBS组血清TNF及sIL-2R水平显著高于正常对照组,血清TNF及sIL-2R水平变化与GBS病情及预后密切相关,恢复期血清TNF及sIL-2R水平显著降低。结论:TNF及sIL-2R参与了GBS的发病过程,检测血清TNF及sIL-2R水平对判定GBS病情及预后有一定的临床意义。     

Physical and Sexual Abuse and Neglect and Eating Disorder Symptoms

For eating-disordered patients with a history of post-traumatic stress, childhood abuse and neglect, and dissociative disorder, eating behavior symptoms may function as a rational response to unmetabolized traumatic experiences. This paper will review trauma-based theory, dissociation, abreactive, and ego-states therapy as they apply to eating disorder patients.     

Efficacy and Effectiveness of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy

Decades of intervention research have produced a rich body of evidence on the effects of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies with children and adolescents. Here we summarize and critique that evidence. We review findings bearing on the efficacy of psychosocial treatments and medications under controlled experimental conditions. We also report evidence, where available, on the effectiveness of both classes of treatment with clinically referred youth treated in real-world clinical contexts. In general, the large body of evidence on efficacy contrasts sharply with the small base of evidence on effectiveness. Addressing this gap through an enriched research agenda could contribute importantly to linking scientific inquiry and clinical practice—to the benefit of both ventures. This is one element of a multifaceted agenda for future research and for synthesis of research, which will require the interplay of multiple disciplines related to child and adolescent mental health.     

Physical and Sexual Abuse and Neglect and Eating Disorder Symptoms

Abstract

For eating-disordered patients with a history of post-traumatic stress, childhood abuse and neglect, and dissociative disorder, eating behavior symptoms may function as a rational response to unmetabolized traumatic experiences. This paper will review trauma-based theory, dissociation, abreactive, and ego-states therapy as they apply to eating disorder patients.     

Presence and severity of anorexia and bulimia among male and female Omani and non-Omani adolescents

OBJECTIVE: The population of Oman is a heterogeneous mix of nationalities providing a natural setting for studying the cross-cultural differences in the presence and severity of eating disorders as well as an opportunity for evaluating the performance of measurement instruments for these disorders. METHOD: Disordered eating screening instruments (the Eating Attitude Test and the Bulimic Investigatory Test) were administered to Omani teenagers, non-Omani teenagers, and Omani adults. RESULTS: On the Eating Attitude Test, 33% of Omani teenagers (29.4% females and 36.4% males) and 9% of non-Omani teenagers (7.5% of males and 10.6% females) showed a propensity for anorexic-like behavior. On the Bulimic Investigatory Test, 12.3% of Omani teenagers showed a propensity for binge eating or bulimia (13.7% females and 10.9% males). Among the non-Omani teenagers, 18.4% showed a tendency toward bulimia, with females showing a slightly greater tendency than males. In contrast, barely 2% of Omani adults showed either a presence of or a severity of disorderly behavior with food. CONCLUSION: Omani teenagers scored significantly higher than other ethnic groups and Omani adults. This finding is discussed in the light of emerging evidence from many parts of the world suggesting that cultural transition, compounded by demographic constraints, plays a significant role in abnormal eating attitudes.     

Relationship Between Sluggish Cognitive Tempo and Age and IQ in Preschool and School-Age Children and Adolescents with Autism and with ADHD

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - Relationships between sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) and age and IQ were investigated in children with autism and/or ADHD covering broader age and IQ...     

Micro-affirmations and Recovery for Persons with Mental Health and Alcohol and Drug Problems: User and Professional Experience-Based Practice and Knowledge

Recurrent factors contributing to a recovery process from co-occurring mental health and addiction problems mentioned by users and professionals have been analyzed as part of working alliances and helpful relationships. Still, we lack knowledge about how helpful relationships are developed in daily practice. In this article, we focus on the concrete construction of professional helpful relationships. Forty persons in recovery and fifteen professionals were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed according to thematic analysis, resulting in three themes presented as paradoxes (1) My own decision, but with the help of others; (2) The need for structures and going beyond them; and (3) Small trivial things of great importance. Micro-affirmations have a central role in creating helpful relationships by confirming the individuals involved as more than solely users or professionals. More attention and appreciation should be paid to practices involving micro-affirmations.