100例老年人视疲劳临床分析

对有明显视疲劳主诉的１００例老年人进行了眼科系统检查和分析，认为老年人视疲劳主要是由视器老化、调节功能减退、屈光不正、配戴不合适的眼镜、外隐斜、融合性辐辏不足等原因引起的，而且与职业、机体状态、精神心理因素等密切相关。本文讨论了各种因素产生视疲劳的机理，并提出初步的防治措施，特别强调老年人应该及时矫正屈光不正及老视。     

120例视疲劳临床分析

我们对120例主诉视疲劳的患者进行眼科检查和分析并讨论其防治方法。     

视疲劳500例临床病因分析

目的:分析视疲劳的病因。方法:选取门诊就诊有眼疲劳主观感受的500例1000眼患者,均详细询问病史,通过详细眼部检查和全身检查,排除全身疾病和眼部其他疾病,记录眼疲劳症状及体征,最后进行分析总结。结果:视疲劳大约有10种症状,病因有眼部、全身、环境及综合因素。结论:视疲劳的临床表现和病因复杂多样,治疗上应分析病因,对症治疗。     

屈光不正引起视疲劳50例临床分析

视力疲劳因屈光不正引起者最多,通常在近距离工作或劳累后出现头痛、眼痛、眼胀、干涩等症状。本文将１９９８年一年中因屈光不正引起视疲劳５０例分析如下。     

视疲劳102例原因分析

在日常门诊中视疲劳比较常见,对无明显远视力异常一般不会引起医生重视,但视疲劳给人们的日常工作生活带来一定的影响。由于其症状表现不一,受眼部疾患、生理、药物、环境诸多因素影响,给临床诊治带来一定的困难,甚至误诊。我们仅从眼部疾患单方面考虑,对102例以反复眼胀、眼困、干涩、流泪、眉弓酸痛、头痛、甚至恶心呕吐、阅读不能持久等为主诉首诊的病例,进行详细的询问病史和眼部检查,分析报告如下。     

青少年视疲劳60例原因分析

目的分析青少年视疲劳的原因。方法60例年龄7～20岁青少年进行眼科系统检查和分析(包括视力、眼位、客观验光度、眼镜镜片、镜框、生活、学习习惯)。结果认为青少年视疲劳主要是以屈光不正和戴镜不规范为主，调节幅度低下、斜视等原因引起，而与外界环境、内在环境、精神(心理)因素密切相关。结论特别是12岁以下及有斜视、弱视青少年必须1％阿托品散瞳验光，青少年屈光不正必须每年放瞳验光，及时换镜、规范戴镜。     

中老年轻度屈光不正引起的视疲劳142例临床分析

1资料与方法1.1一般资料2005年4月~2006年4月我院门诊收治以视疲劳为主诉的屈光不正患者142例,其中男60例,女82例;双眼130例,单眼12例,共计272眼。所有患者年龄均在32~68岁,其主诉发病时间为6个月~4a。1.2方法常规检查视力,必要时查裂隙灯、眼底,排除青光眼。电脑验光 插片矫正,其屈光度均以小瞳孔矫正镜片为准。2结果中老年轻度屈光不正(逆规散光、混合散光)引起的视疲劳从30岁以后即可发病,以40~60岁为最多。本组发病年龄详情见表1。裸眼视力≤0.5者32眼,0.6~0.8者188眼,≥1.0者52眼。矫正视力≥1·0者251眼,矫正视力<1·0者21眼,其中16眼…     

视疲劳的误诊分析

视疲劳过去曾称眼疲劳是由于过度注视等原因引起的一时性视功能减退和一系列不适症状的综合表现。它不是一个独立的疾病,而是一组症状性表现或一组症候群。这些症状或症候在临床上往往容易与青光眼或内科疾病相混淆造成误诊误治,给患者造成不必要的痛苦或经济负担。我们在临床上遇到23例,现总结如下。     

编织地毯工人之视疲劳108例分析

编织地毯工人视疲劳１０８例皆为女性，最小１６岁，编织史最短１年，最长１０年，平均３．２年。昼夜工作时间长达１６小时，又系近蹁工作，瞳孔持续缩小，睫状肌处于高度收缩状态。从分布年龄看１６－２０岁和２６－２８岁各占４２．５９％，２１－２５岁占１４．８２％。可能前两个年龄组一是年龄小，眼各组织在发育之中，二为编织史长之故，后者年龄组可能系农村生育高峰，编织少，就诊病例亦随之减少。     

屈光不正与视疲劳的临床分析

视疲劳主要表现有阅读不能持久、眼胀、干涩、头痛、流泪、甚至恶心呕吐等。给人们的日常生活带来一定影响。由于其症状表现不一，原因复杂，给临床诊治带来一定困难。实践证明，屈光不正是引起视疲劳的主要原因之一，并且轻度屈光不正者更易引起全身的干扰症状。在临床中我们收集了近两年来我科门诊就诊患者185例，现将资料分析如下。     

视疲劳患者3 502例的病因分析

目的：调查内蒙古地区视疲劳的病因,为视疲劳的防治提供流行病学资料。方法：回顾性病例研究。收集2011－01／2014－12在我院就诊的视疲劳患者3502例,年龄7～50岁。按年龄分为4组：（1）7～20岁组712例;（2）21～30岁组603例;（3）31～40岁组694例;（4）41～50岁组1493例。检查其眼前后节、泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间、电脑验光、主觉验光、水平聚散力、远近隐斜、集合近点、调节性辐辏／调节值、调节灵敏度、相对调节、调节幅度、调节反应,分析视疲劳的原因。将视疲劳患者病因先进行Kruskal－wallis H检验,再采用Nemenyi法进行检验组间比较。结果：视疲劳患者3502例其病因依次是：眼部相关疾病（49．37％）,屈光不正（23．36％）、调节与辐辏功能障碍（21．70％）、眼外肌功能障碍（5．57％）。将4组不同病因患病率进行Kruskal－wallis H检验,总体差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。将各组间患病率进行Nemenyi组间比较,眼外肌功能与眼部相关疾病有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：视疲劳常见病因依次是眼部相关疾病、屈光不正、调节与辐辏功能障碍、眼外肌功能与障碍。     

渐进多焦点眼镜对缓解视屏终端操作者视疲劳症状临床观察

目的:了解渐进多焦点眼镜缓解视屏终端(visual display terminal,VDT)操作者视疲劳的效果。方法:有视疲劳症状且屈光不正的VDT操作者98例,按自愿原则分为2组,其中一组配戴普通单光眼镜,共52例;另一组配戴渐进多焦点眼镜,共46例,经1a随访,分析两组屈光状态及其缓解视疲劳的效果。结果:所有98例患者中,44例存在未矫正、屈光矫正不足和过矫正;视物不能持久、眼部酸胀2种症状在两组中的差异有极显著性统计学意义(P<0.01),眼痛、眼干和眼睑沉重3项在两组中无统计学意义。结论:渐进多焦点眼镜对缓解轻中度近视VDT操作者视疲劳有效。     

青少年计算机操作者的视疲劳调查和病因探讨

目的探讨计算机视频显示终端(VDT)青少年操作者的视疲劳病因。方法对青少年VDT操作者96例视疲劳情况进行调查,并了解其操作时间、环境及对视疲劳者进行验光检查,对已配的28副眼镜进行检测。结果青少年VDT操作者96例中有54例有视疲劳(占56.25%),均与操作时间过长、环境不良、眼镜配置不合适有关。结论青少年VDT操作者视疲劳发生率高,应限制其操作时间,改善环境,矫正其屈变不正,以保证其视觉健康。     

A population-based study on the prevalence and causes of childhood blindness and visual impairment in North India

Purpose:This was a population-based study to determine the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in children less than 16 years in Urban North India.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in 40 clusters of urban Delhi. 20,955 children aged less than 16 years underwent visual acuity screening using age-appropriate visual acuity charts. Unaided visual acuity of enumerated children aged over 2 years was assessed by using Lea symbols chart in 3-5 years age group and logMAR tumbling E charts for the 6-15 years age group. For children aged 0-2 years, fixation and following to torch light was assessed. All the children with unaided visual acuity of <6/12 in any eye in age group 3–15 years and inability to follow the light in age <3 years were referred for detailed ophthalmic examination.Results:Amongst 20,955 children examined for visual acuity a total of 789 children were referred to the central clinic for detailed ophthalmic examination. Of these referred children, a total of 124 had presenting visual acuity <6/18 in the better eye. The prevalence of visual impairment (VI) was 5.92 per thousand (95% CI: 4.96-7.05). The prevalence of moderate to severe visual impairment was maximum in the age group of 11 to 15 years. The main cause of avoidable VI in these children was a refractive error (75.7%). The prevalence of blindness was 0.42 per thousand.Conclusion:Optic nerve abnormalities were the most important cause of blindness in children. Refractive error is the most important cause of visual impairment amongst children and needs to be addressed.     

青少年视频终端性视疲劳的分析与健康干预

目的观察青少年视频终端（VDT）视疲劳的临床特点，探讨其治疗原则及早期健康干预的措施。方法对137例青少年VDT视疲劳进行病史、眼科检查及治疗情况的分析。结果长时间操作VDT的青少年会出现视疲劳。屈光状态为近视89例（64．96％），远视17例（12．41％），正视31例（22．63％）。眼调节灵活性减弱11例（8．03％），平均泪液分泌量减少43例（31．39％），泪膜破裂时间缩短32例（23．36％）。结论青少年VDT视疲劳者逐渐增多，临床症状轻重不。屈光不正、眼干燥症、调节异常等临床症状更明显。其治疗原则为病因治疗，对症治疗和健康干预。制定健康干预的具体措施。从而有效的防治青少年VDT视疲劳。     

Prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment among school children in south-western Nigeria

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and identify the causes of blindness and visual impairment in school children of Ilesa-East Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria. A total of 1144 school children in primary and secondary schools were selected using a 2-stage random sampling method and examined to determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment. A total of 17 (1.48%) children were blind or visually impaired. These comprised of 11 (0.96%) children who were visually impaired and 4 (0.3%) who were severely visually impaired. Only 2 (0.15%) school children were blind. The causes of visual impairment were refractive error 10 (0.87%) and immature cataract 1 (0.08%), causes of severe visual impairment included corneal opacities 2 (0.2%), amblyopia leading to squint 1 (0.08%) and 1 cataract 1 (0.08%). The causes of blindness in school children were corneal scars presumed to be due to vitamin A deficiency 1 (0.08%) and keratoconus 1 (0.08%). Causes of blindness and visual impairment in children attending regular schools in Nigeria were treatable. Prevention, early recognition and prompt treatment of these diseases by regular screening of school children would definitely reduce unnecessary visual handicap in Nigerian school children so that they can attain their full potential in the course of their education. Also, information from this study is relevant for the purpose of planning eye care programmes for the prevention of blindness in Nigerian school children. This will go a long way in the prevention of unnecessary blindness and visual impairment in school children.     

VDT作业者视疲劳的临床观察与分析

目的:观察视屏显示终端(VDT)操作者视疲劳的临床特点,并分析操作时间对它的影响。方法:将2004-07/2005-07在我科就诊VDT操作者根据其累计上机时间的长短分为低(<2000h)、中(2000～7500h)、高(>7500h)剂量接触组,每组40人,共120人。根据其临床症状的严重程度进行评分,并比较各组泪膜破裂时间(BUT)异常的例数。结果:眼痛(P=0.006)、眼胀(P=0.003)、眼干(P=0.004)、异物感(P=0.004)、流泪(P=0.014)症状在低与中剂量接触组间差异有显著性,视物模糊、畏光(P=0.001)症状在低与高剂量接触组间差异有显著性。泪膜不稳定(BUT<10s)人数在低剂量组和高剂量组间差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:VDT操作者的累计上机时间对其视疲劳症状有影响。     

Visual fatigue during prolonged visual field testing in optic neuropathies

Visual fatigue is defined as a loss of visual sensitivity in optic neuropathies during exposure to prolonged or otherwise modified visual stimuli. Repeated light stimulation at a constant place leads to a decay of perception. Program Gl of the automated static perimeter Octopus was used in a group of mild chronic optic neuropathies in order to detect a loss of differential light sensitivity (DLS) from examination phase 1 to phase 2. In the majority of the cases (up to 77%), a loss of DLS was observed from phase 1 to phase 2, while, in a normal control group, a loss in phase 2 was present in 32% only, when all 59 test locations of program Gl were considered. This difference between the neuropathy group and the normal control group is statistically significant. The effect of visual fatigue arises rather from more peripheral parts of the visual field.

No differences between neuropathies and normals were found in the performance of the Arden contrast sensitivity test, which was presented twice and which lasts much shorter in time than perimetry.     

白内障超声乳化手术846例分析

目的:免费开展白内障超声乳化摘除加人工晶状体植入的治疗。观察施行手术的治疗效果和并发症。方法:施行透明角膜切口,白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术。观察术中术后并发症及效果。结果:术后1wk裸眼或矫正视力0.5～1.5者1205眼(93.41%);平均散光为1.15±0.53D。且1mo后基本恢复术前状态。并发症发生率为11.94%,且较轻,多能康复。结论:透明角膜隧道小切口白内障超声乳化摘除术,方法可行。术后视力恢复快,角膜散光少,术中、术后并发症少。