Lewisy抗原及IGF-1R在卵巢黏液性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的：探讨Lewis y抗原及胰岛素样生长因子受体-1（IGF-1R）在卵巢黏液性肿瘤中表达规律及其相关性。方法：用免疫组化法检测62例卵巢黏液性肿瘤和20例正常卵巢组织中Lewis y抗原与IGF-1R的表达,并分析其表达与卵巢癌病理分级、临床分期及淋巴结转移的关系。结果：Lewis y在恶性、交界性、良性和正常组的阳性表达率分别是90.0%、70.6%、53.3%和0%,呈下降趋势,其中恶性与交界性,良性和正常组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;IGF-1R在恶性、交界性、良性和正常组的阳性表达率分别是93.3%、70.6%、46.7%和40.0%,呈下降趋势,其中恶性与交界性,良性和正常组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;Lewis y抗原或IGF-1R的阳性表达率与卵巢黏液癌临床病理参数无关（P均〉0.05）;Lewis y抗原和IGF-1R的表达水平随临床分期的增加,但无统计学意义（P〉0.05）、随分化程度的降低而增加（P〈0.05）,与有无淋巴结转移无关（P〉0.05）;Lewis y抗原和IGF-1R在卵巢黏液性囊腺癌中的表达呈显著正相关（r=0.711,P〈0.005）。结论：随着卵巢黏液性肿瘤的恶性进展Lewis y抗原及IGF-1R的表达上调,且两者的表达呈显著性正相关。提示Lewis y抗原及IGF-1R对卵巢黏液性囊腺癌的转移、分化起促进作用。     

Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的:研究Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及其意义.方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测30例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、11例交界性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、13例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、11例正常卵巢组织中Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1的表达情况.结果:Lewis y抗原在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率为90.0%,明显高于交界性(63.6%)、良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(38.5%)及正常卵巢组织(0)中的表达(P均<0.05).整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率分别为86.7%和83.3%,高于两者在交界性(72.7%,72.7%)、良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(69.2%,53.8%)及正常卵巢组织(36.4%,36.4%)中的表达(P均<0.05).Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达呈显著正相关(P均<0.01).结论:Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率普遍增高,且两者的表达呈显著性正相关.提示Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用.     

HE4与Lewis在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及相关性研究

目的:研究HE4与Lewis y抗原在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达、相关性及临床意义。方法:免疫组化法检测卵巢上皮性恶性肿瘤、卵巢上皮性交界性肿瘤、卵巢上皮性良性肿瘤及正常卵巢组织中HE4与Lewis y抗原的表达。应用免疫荧光双标记方法检测卵巢上皮性肿瘤中HE4与Lewis y的结构关系。结果:HE4在卵巢恶性肿瘤组的阳性率最高,明显高于良性及正常卵巢组（P均<0.05）。Lewis y表达与HE4相似,在卵巢恶性上皮性肿瘤中,Lewis y抗原的阳性表达率明显高于交界性、良性及正常卵巢组。相关性分析显示:HE4与Lewis y呈直线相关(r=0.813,P<0.05)。在激光共聚焦显微镜下可见HE4与Lewis y抗原有空间位置上的重叠。结论:HE4与Lewis y抗原在卵巢恶性肿瘤中均呈现明显高表达,且两者在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达呈正相关。     

Lewis y抗原及整合素α_5、β_1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的：研究Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及其意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法检测30例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、11例交界性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、13例卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、11例正常卵巢组织中Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1的表达情况。结果：Lewis y抗原在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率为90.0%,明显高于交界性（63.6%）、良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤（38.5%）及正常卵巢组织（0）中的表达（P均〈0.05）。整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率分别为86.7%和83.3%,高于两者在交界性（72.7%,72.7%）、良性卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤（69.2%,53.8%）及正常卵巢组织（36.4%,36.4%）中的表达（P均〈0.05）。Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达呈显著正相关（P均〈0.01）。结论：Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的阳性表达率普遍增高,且两者的表达呈显著性正相关。提示Lewis y抗原及整合素α5、β1在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用。     

葡萄糖转运体p63和DNA蛋白激酶在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达及其意义

目的研究在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中葡萄糖转运体(GLUT-1)、p63和:DNA蛋白激酶(DNA-PKcs)的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组织化学的方法检测卵巢浆液性肿瘤中GLUT-1、p63和DNA-PKcs的表达,用χ2检验分析其异常表达与临床病理参数之间的相关性。结果正常卵巢组织中,GLUT-1、p63表达均为阴性,DNA-PKcs表达为阳性。GLUT-1、p63在恶性卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的表达明显高于良性和交界性卵巢浆液性肿瘤,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);DNA-PKcs在良性、交界性、恶性卵巢浆液性肿瘤中的阳性表达率分别为95.0%、90.0%和60.0%,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.01)。GLUT-1表达与年龄、临床分期、腹腔种植、腹水、淋巴结转移均相关(P<0.05);p63除与腹水无关外,与其他临床病理参数均有关(P<0.05);DNA-PKcs仅与临床分期和淋巴结转移有关(P< 0.05),与腹水、腹腔种植无关(P>0.05)。结论GLUT-1、p63和DNA-PKcs的异常表达与卵巢浆液性肿瘤的生长、恶变、侵袭及转移均有密切关系,有望成为卵巢浆液性肿瘤恶变的标志物。     

卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中MUC4、MUC16蛋白的表达及临床意义

目的探讨黏蛋白抗原4（MUC4）及黏蛋白抗原16（MUC16）检测在卵巢癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法通过免疫组织化学方法检测正常卵巢组织、卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤和卵巢癌中MUC4、MUC16的表达。结果在正常卵巢组织、卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤和卵巢癌中MUC4的阳性表达率分别为0、10%、36%、80%;MUC16的阳性表达率分别为0、20%、54%、61%;在卵巢癌中,MUC4表达阳性与分化程度、淋巴结转移明显相关（P<0.05）。结论MUC4蛋白在卵巢癌组织中高表达,提示MUC4与卵巢癌的发生发展有关。     

Ley 抗原在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的:探讨卵巢癌组织ley抗原的表达及其临床意义.方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测恶性、交界性、良性卵巢上皮肿瘤及正常卵巢组织中ley抗原的表达,并分析其与卵巢癌生物学特性之间的关系.结果:ley抗原在恶性卵巢上皮性癌中的阳性表达率为75.47%(40/53),明显高于交界性卵巢上皮性肿瘤(47.06%)及良性卵巢上皮性肿瘤(42.86%)(P均＜0.05).正常卵巢组织中未检出ley抗原的表达.晚期卵巢上皮性癌的ley抗原的阳性表达率为84.21%,明显高于早期卵巢上皮性癌(53.33%),(P＜0.05).结论:ley抗原与卵巢上皮性癌的发生、发展相关.ley抗原的表达可作为反映卵巢癌恶性潜能的一项新的指标.     

端粒酶反转录酶与CA125在卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中的原位表达及临床意义

目的:探讨端粒酶反转录酶(TRT)与CA125在卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中的原位表达及临床意义。方法:收集93例卵巢上皮性肿瘤(良性47例、交界性15例、恶性31例),应用免疫组织化学S蛳P法检测肿瘤组织中TRT及CA125的原位表达,将结果进行统计学分析。结果:TRT的表达在良性(17.02%,8/47)和交界性(46.67%,7/15)以及恶性(90.32%,28/31)间的差异均有显著性意义(P<0.01);CA125的表达在良性(23.40%,11/47)和恶性(67.74%,21/31)间的差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),TRT的表达在浆液性肿瘤与黏液性肿瘤之间差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);CA125在各组浆液性肿瘤均明显高于黏液性肿瘤组,相比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);TRT和CA125在浆液性肿瘤的表达有一致性,相关性分析有显著性相关(P<0.01),在黏液性肿瘤中表达不相关(P>0.05)。结论:TRT和CA125的表达与卵巢上皮组织肿瘤的良恶性有关,尤其在卵巢浆液性肿瘤中TRT酶的活性与CA125呈正相关,二者的共同检测对诊断卵巢上皮组织肿瘤的类型和恶性程度有重要的临床意义。     

IGF-TGF-β1在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及与微血管密度的关系

目的:检测卵巢上皮性肿瘤中胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-Ⅰ)、转化生长因子(TGF-β1)的表达及肿瘤微血管密度(MVD),分析其与卵巢癌临床病理特征的关系.方法:收集天津市中心妇产科医院2005年12月至2010年5月间诊治的卵巢癌35例,交界性肿瘤31例,良性肿瘤30例,正常卵巢组织20例.通过免疫组织化学法检测IGF-Ⅰ及TGF-β1的表达与MVD.结果:上皮性卵巢癌中IGF-Ⅰ及TGF-β1的表达显著高于交界性肿瘤、良性卵巢肿瘤和正常卵巢组织(P<0.05);IGF-Ⅰ与卵巢癌组织学分级及腹水形成相关(P<0.05),TGF-β1与腹水形成相关(P<0.05);MVD与临床分期、组织分级、腹水形成相关(P<0.05).IGF-Ⅰ和TGF-β1在各组中的表达存在正相关(r=0.68,P<0.05);IGF-Ⅰ、TGF-β1的表达与MVD均值存在显著正相关(r=0.45,P=0.01;r=0.39, P=0.02);IGF-Ⅰ、TGF-β1阳性组无瘤生存率及总生存率均有下降的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:上皮性卵巢癌中, IGF-Ⅰ、TGF-β1的表达与MVD呈正相关.IGF-Ⅰ、TGF-β1和MVD形成在上皮性卵巢癌的发病机理中起着重要作用.     

OTUB1在90例卵巢黏液性肿瘤中的表达分析

背景与目的：卵巢黏液性肿瘤是卵巢上皮性肿瘤的主要亚型之一,其恶变机制目前尚未明确。泛素化是人体主要的翻译后修饰机制,并与肿瘤密切相关。去泛素化酶可通过逆转泛素化过程从而影响肿瘤的发生、发展。该研究旨在分析编码人体最主要的去泛素化酶的癌基因泛素醛结合物1(OTU deubiquitinase,ubiquitin aldehyde binding 1,OTUB1)在卵巢黏液性肿瘤中的蛋白表达及临床应用。方法：收集2010-2015年复旦大学附属妇产科医院病理科诊断的卵巢良性黏液性囊腺瘤、卵巢交界性黏液性肿瘤及卵巢原发性黏液性癌病例共90例,收集临床病理资料,完成OTUB1的免疫组织化学法表达实验并作统计分析。结果：90例卵巢黏液性肿瘤中,卵巢良性黏液性囊腺瘤有14例,卵巢交界性黏液性肿瘤有17例,卵巢原发性黏液性癌有59例。OTUB1在卵巢原发性黏液性癌的蛋白表达率及阳性程度显著高于卵巢良性黏液性囊腺瘤(P<0.01);OTUB1在卵巢交界性黏液性肿瘤中上皮内癌的阳性率显著高于肠型交界性黏液性肿瘤(P<0.01);随着FIGO分期增高,OTUB1的阳性率及阳性程度增加(P<0.05);OTUB1在输卵管有累及的患者中表达率及阳性程度均高于未累及者(P<0.05);OTUB1在子宫和大网膜累及的患者中阳性率及阳性程度均高于未累及者(P<0.05);OTUB1在有淋巴结转移的患者中表达率及阳性程度均高于无转移者(P<0.05)。结论：OTUB1在卵巢原发性黏液性癌中的蛋白表达水平明显高于卵巢良性黏液性囊腺瘤,并且和FIGO分期及肿瘤侵袭转移性高度相关。在临床病理中可将OTUB1作为卵巢黏液性肿瘤恶变与否的评价指标及肿瘤进展的辅助判别指标。     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

Fruit and vegetables and cancer risk

The possibility that fruit and vegetables may help to reduce the risk of cancer has been studied for over 30 years, but no protective effects have been firmly established. For cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract, epidemiological studies have generally observed that people with a relatively high intake of fruit and vegetables have a moderately reduced risk, but these observations must be interpreted cautiously because of potential confounding by smoking and alcohol. For lung cancer, recent large prospective analyses with detailed adjustment for smoking have not shown a convincing association between fruit and vegetable intake and reduced risk. For other common cancers, including colorectal, breast and prostate cancer, epidemiological studies suggest little or no association between total fruit and vegetable consumption and risk. It is still possible that there are benefits to be identified: there could be benefits in populations with low average intakes of fruit and vegetables, such that those eating moderate amounts have a lower cancer risk than those eating very low amounts, and there could also be effects of particular nutrients in certain fruits and vegetables, as fruit and vegetables have very varied composition. Nutritional principles indicate that healthy diets should include at least moderate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but the available data suggest that general increases in fruit and vegetable intake would not have much effect on cancer rates, at least in well-nourished populations. Current advice in relation to diet and cancer should include the recommendation to consume adequate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but should put most emphasis on the well-established adverse effects of obesity and high alcohol intakes.     

New and emerging radiosensitizers and radioprotectors

The combination of chemotherapy and radiation has led to clinical breakthroughs in several disease sites, and current work continues to define optimum combinations of proven chemotherapy as well as more recently available, noncytotoxic agents. Administration of systemic therapies allows modulation of radiation response to improve tumor control (radiosensitization) or to prevent normal tissue toxicity (radioprotection). Substantial progress has been made in identifying the targets of standard chemotherapeutic radiation sensitizers and protectors as well as in the introduction of a new generation of molecularly targeted therapies in combination with radiation. We have reviewed the most recent, predominantly early phase clinical trials combining systemic agents with radiation. Although the proof of an improved schedule ultimately needs to come from well-run Phase III trials, the search among schedules could be shortened by the use of surrogate endpoints such as presence of active drug metabolites in the tumor. This has been accomplished only in a few cases and needs to become a more standard part of radiation sensitizer and protector trials.