健康教育联合耳穴对糖尿病前期状态的干预观察

目的:观察健康教育联合耳穴对糖尿病前期状态干预的临床疗效。方法:选取2015年1~12月在我院治未病体检中心的100例糖尿病前期状态患者,并随机分为对照组和治疗组各50例。对照组予以控制饮食、增加运动等健康教育,不给予任何药物治疗,但定期随访,做好跟踪登记;治疗组在健康教育护理的基础上联合耳穴治疗。观察两组患者的血糖控制情况。结果:治疗组血糖控制情况优于对照组,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论:针对糖尿病前期状态患者的健康教育联合耳穴护理干预可有效控制患者的血糖,值得临床推广应用。     

糖尿病前期患者的健康教育现状

<正>糖尿病前期又称糖调节受损,是指血糖水平升高但未达到糖尿病临床诊断标准的代谢异常状态,包括空腹血糖受损(Impaired Fasting Glucose,IFG)和糖耐量减低(Impaired Glucose Tolerance,IGT),如空腹血糖(FPG)≥6.1mmol/L,且7.0mmol/L,75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)负荷后2h血糖(2hPG)7.8mmol/L即为IFG;如FPG7.0mmol/L、OGTT负荷后2hPG≥7.8mmol/L且11.1mmol/L者为IGT,两者合称糖调节受损(Impaired Glucose Regulation,IGR),两者可单独出现,也可同时存在[1]。目前国内20岁以上人群糖尿病患病率为11%,糖尿病前期的患病率为15%,且呈逐年增加趋势[2]。如何降低此类人群中糖尿病的发病率     

综合护理干预对糖尿病前期患者的影响

目的:探讨综合护理干预对糖尿病前期患者的影响.方法:将160例门诊糖尿病前期患者随机分为干预组和对照组各80例.两组均未用药治疗,干预组实施综合护理干预,对照组不进行干预,比较两组患者转归情况.结果:干预组糖尿病前期相关知识认知、健康生活方式、体重控制及血糖控制情况均优于对照组(P<0.01).结论:对糖尿病前期患者进行综合护理干预,可较好地控制其血糖水平,降低糖尿病发病危险,值得推广应用.     

糖尿病前期人群护理干预对血糖的影响

目的：探讨护理干预对糖尿病前期人群血糖水平的影响作用。方法：糖尿病前期患者30例,分析护理干预前与干预后的空腹血糖和餐后2 h血糖值的变化。结果：护理干预前与干预后血糖值的变化比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：护理干预能有效降低糖尿病前期人群的血糖水平。     

糖尿病前期护理干预的研究进展

阐述糖尿病前期的概念,综述近年来糖尿病前期的护理干预研究进展,提供研究展望,包括不设空白对照组、发挥社区护士的优势、中医理论的应用、与互联网的结合。     

糖尿病前期患者居家健康行为管理的研究

目的深入了解糖尿病前期患者居家健康行为管理的现状及需求,为建立全程、个体化、延续性健康管理模式提供理论依据和实践指导。方法对镇江市某三级甲等医院门诊体检筛查诊断为糖尿病前期的18例患者进行半结构式深度访谈,并运用Colaizzi分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果访谈结果归纳为4个主题:饮食行为改变的决策平衡与困惑;多途径寻求信息的意愿及态度;不同负性心理体验和情绪反应;渴望家庭社会支持的依赖性增加。结论糖尿病前期患者自我管理能力偏低,亟需引起重视,健康管理者应从生理、心理、社会全方位关注患者健康相关行为及教育干预,减少或延缓糖尿病的发生和发展。     

空勤人员糖尿病前期干预效果初探

目的总结对空勤人员糖尿病前期进行多角度干预的作用。方法对空勤人员体检鉴定中发现的38例糖尿病前期人群给予心理、饮食、运动等多方面干预。结果通过多方面的干预,使空勤人员正确认知了疾病,矫正了不健康的生活方式,学会了保持良好的精神心理状态,养成合理的饮食及科学的生活方式,达到了血糖恢复正常的目的。结论对空勤人员进行糖尿病前期干预是非常必要的,具有重要意义,可以减少和推迟糖尿病发生,充分延长飞行寿命,为提高战斗力提供重要保障。     

糖尿病前期及糖尿病病人健康教育研究

在分析糖尿病(DM)前期、DM及其健康教育现状的基础上,从教育者、受教育者、教育内容及教学手段4个健康教育基本要素综述了目前我国DM前期、DM病人健康教育存在的问题.     

糖尿病前期及糖尿病病人健康教育研究

在分析糖尿病（DM）前期、DM及其健康教育现状的基础上,从教育者、受教育者、教育内容及教学手段4个健康教育基本要素综述了目前我国DM前期、DM病人健康教育存在的问题。     

The feasibility of an internet-based intervention for Chinese people with mental illness: A survey of willingness and attitude

BackgroundThe easy accessibility, increasing usage, and low cost of internet make it a desirable way of providing health information and delivering interventions for health consumers. Studies in other countries have verified and confirmed the effectiveness of internet-based interventions among people with mental health problems. Similar programs have yet to commence in China.PurposeThis study investigated the willingness for, and attitude toward internet-based intervention in Chinese mental health service users and explored the feasibility of such an intervention.MethodsA cross-sectional survey utilizing a self-developed questionnaire was administered to 186 mental health service users in Beijing, between April and May 2011.ResultsMost participants held a positive attitude toward online information and expressed interest in getting assistance from the internet. Some advice and suggestions were provided such as more ways of getting assistance, setting up more professional websites, increasing interaction, as well as having government funding and guidance.ConclusionInternet-based programs are feasible and applicable, and worth implementing with Chinese people with mental illness.     

Development of an internet-based intervention for parents of infants

Title. Development of an internet‐based intervention for parents of infants. Aim. This paper reports on a study to describe the development of an internet‐based intervention for parents with infants and to compare the participants and hospitals at baseline. Background. There is a need for interventions to support parenting and for more research into the use of information technology as an intervention strategy. The design and development of healthcare interventions is a complex task, but these are rarely discussed in research reports. Methods. A quasi‐experimental study was conducted. The data (N = 1300 families) were collected using a structured questionnaire at the hospital or no later than 1 week after discharge during the winter of 2006. The results were used to develop the intervention and to compare the participants at baseline. Statistically significant differences were determined by chi‐squared or Fisher’s exact tests for percentages and one‐way anova for means. The internal consistency relialibility of the scales was analysed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients. Findings. Participants in the intervention (n = 469 mothers, n = 307 fathers) and control (n = 394 mothers, n = 218 fathers) hospitals were comparable in respect of parent and infant attributes. There were statistically significant differences between the hospitals in fathers’ overnight stays and their access to social support from professionals on the maternity ward. Exclusive breastfeeding was more common in the intervention hospital. More support for infants’ cues and behaviour, and day‐rhythm and sleep were needed in the intervention hospital. Conclusion. More research is needed to gain a clearer understanding of the effect size of the differences for a reliable evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed intervention.     

个体化干预对提高年轻孕产妇母乳喂养认知水平的效果

目的探讨个体化干预对提高年轻孕产妇母乳喂养认知水平的效果。方法n将在本院孕妇学校学习并住院分娩的20世纪80年代出生的年轻孕产妇100例随机分为实验组和对照组,每组50例。对照组接受孕妇学校发放的资料进行母乳喂养教育;干预组根据自身的个人特点进行个性化干预和健康教育。结果实验组在接受个体化干预后对母乳喂养认知水平和态度优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05)结论个体化干预提高了年轻孕产妇母乳喂养认知水平。     

Implementation and evaluation of a practical intervention programme for dealing with violence towards health care workers

Implementation and evaluation of a practical intervention programme for dealing with violence towards health care workers The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate a practical intervention programme designed to help staff in health care work-places to deal with patient violence towards staff. The programme was part of a controlled, prospective study that ran for 1 year. The study population was comprised of staff at 47 health care work-places, randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The Violent Incident Form (VIF), a checklist designed to simplify the registration of violent events, was introduced at all 47 work sites, where staff were instructed to register all types of violent and threatening incidents directed towards them during the 1-year study period. The intervention work-places also followed a structured feedback programme, where the circumstances concerning registered incidents were discussed on a regular basis with work-place staff. Baseline examination of the study groups revealed no statistically significant difference with regard to self-reported violence in the past year. At the conclusion of the 1-year period, the difference between groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Staff at the intervention work sites reported 50% more violent incidents than the control work sites during the year. Compared to the control group, intervention group staff reported better awareness: of risk situations for violence (P < 0.05); of how potentially dangerous situations could be avoided (P < 0.05); and of how to deal with aggressive patients (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis confirmed an increased risk for self-reported violence in the intervention group post-intervention (odds ratio 1.49; 95% confidence interval 1.07-2.06; P < 0.05). The structured feedback programme seems to have improved staff knowledge of risks for violence in the intervention group.     

Tactile stimulation associated with nursing care to individuals with dementia showing aggressive or restless tendencies: an intervention study in dementia care

Aim.  This study aimed to describe from documentation both the caregivers' experiences of giving tactile stimulation to five people with moderate-to-severe dementia and who showed aggressive or restless tendencies, and the changes seen in them.
Background.  Clinical experiences indicate that tactile stimulation can contribute to a feeling of trust and confirmation as well as to improving communication, promoting relaxation and easing pain. There is, however, very little scientific documentation of the effects of touch massage for people with dementia.
Design.  From caregivers' documentation (28 weeks) of experiences, the giving of tactile stimulation to five randomly selected people with dementia showing aggressive or restless tendencies and the subsequent changes noticed.
Method.  The documentation was analysed by using qualitative content analysis.
Results.  All residents displayed signs of positive feelings and relaxation. The caregivers stated that they felt able to interact with the residents in a more positive way and that they felt they had a warmer relationship with them.
Conclusion.  Tactile stimulation can be seen as a valuable way to communicating non-verbally, of giving feedback, confirmation, consolation or a feeling of being valuable and taken care of.
Relevance to clinical practice.  Tactile stimulation has to be administered with respect and care, and given from a relational ethics perspective. Otherwise, there is a risk that tactile stimulation will be used merely as a technique instead of as a part of an effort to achieve optimal good, warm nursing care.     

心血管MR特征追踪技术评价糖尿病前期和糖尿病患者右心室功能北大核心CSCD

目的观察心血管MR特征追踪(CMR-FT)技术评估糖尿病(DM)前期、DM患者右心室亚临床功能改变的价值。方法纳入40例DM前期(DM前期组)、27例DM患者(DM组)及30名健康人(对照组),比较组间空腹血糖(FBG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)检测结果差异,测量并比较3组间基于MRI的右心室容积、功能及应变参数差异。采用组内相关系数(ICC)评价观察者内及观察者间测量参数的一致性;以Spearman相关系数评价HbA1c与右心室参数的相关性。结果DM前期组和DM组FBG、HbA1c均显著高于对照组(P均<0.05),DM组FBG、HbA1c均显著高于DM前期组(P均<0.05)。观察者内及观察者间测量右心室各参数结果的一致性均良好(ICC均>0.75,P均<0.05)。3组间各容积与功能参数差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。DM组右心室整体径向应变(GRS)、整体圆周应变(GCS)及收缩期峰值径向应变率(PSSR R)均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05),整体纵向应变(GLS)明显低于对照组(P<0.05);DM前期组PSSR R明显高于对照组(P<0.05);DM组GCS明显高于DM前期组(P<0.05),GLS明显低于DM前期组(P<0.05)。HbA1c与GCS、GLS、PSSR R及收缩期峰值圆周应变率(PSSR C)均呈弱相关(r=-0.207、0.241、0.254、-0.207,P均<0.05)。结论CMR-FT技术可用于评估DM前期和DM患者亚临床右心室功能改变。     

实习护生对基础护理的认知现状调查

目的 了解实习护生对基础护理的认知水平及相关因素.方法 采用便利抽样对157名护生进行问卷调查.结果 护生对基础护理认知的平均分为(158.52±25.66)分;护生认为治疗性护理工作是基础护理内容,处理大小便、为病人擦身或沐浴、头发护理、协助病人进食和足部护理不应该是基础护理内容,不应由护士承担;大专及中专与本科实习...     

对北京市护理本科生科研意愿、态度及困难的现状调查

目的调查北京市护理专业高年级本科生参与科研的意愿,了解护理本科生对科研的态度及参与科研时的困难。方法采用便利抽样法,2019年4—5月,选取北京市4所医学院校护理专业三、四年级的319名本科护生为研究对象。采用自编问卷调查护理本科生科研意愿、态度及困难。结果319名护理本科生中有275名(86.21%)护理本科生希望在本科阶段参与科研项目,有270名(84.64%)护理本科生认为有必要在本科阶段做护理研究。开展或参与科研时的客观困难有缺乏指导和帮带、时间精力不够、缺乏学术氛围等;主观困难有科研知识缺乏、选题困难、统计学处理困难等。结论护理本科生对科研持有积极的态度,但在开展或参与过程中遇到较多困难,通过对护理本科生针对性的科研训练,将有助于护理本科生科研素养的提升,并提高护生的科研兴趣。