人类白细胞抗原新等位基因HLA-A*31∶22的序列分析及确认

目的 序列分析及确认一例中国人群中的人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)新等位基因.方法 应用基于Luminex平台的聚合酶链反应-序列特异性寡核苷酸探针(PCR-SSOP)基因分型法、PCR产物测序法和组特异性引物测序法,通过软件分析该样本DNA基因序列及与最相近HLA等位基因序列的差异.结果 PCR-SSOP结果显示该样本HLA-A基因座的反应格局与已知HLA-A等位基因均不一致;DNA序列分析显示,在所检测的第2～4外显子中,该样本HLA-A基因座序列与所有已知HLA-A等位基因序列均不一致,与同源性最高的等位基因A*31∶01∶02的差异只在外显子2区域中产生了nt 245 A—C一个碱基取代,并导致相应的82位密码子由GAG→GCG,编码的氨基酸由谷氨酸(Glu)变为丙氨酸(Ala).结论 该基因为HLA新等位基因,被世界卫生组织HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-A*31∶22.     

中国人群新等位基因HLA-B*40:74的序列分析及认定

目的 序列分析及认定1例中国人群HLA新等位基因.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性寡核苷酸探针(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes,PCRSSOP)基因分型方法和基于测序的分型方法(sequencing-based typing,SBT),通过软件分析该基因序列及与最相近等位基因序列的差异.结果 PCR-SSOP结果显示,该样本HLA-B位点反应格局出现异常提示;测序结果最终表明其B位点第2外显子序列与所有已知HLA-B等位基因序列均不一致,与序列最相近的等位基因B* 40:01:01,在所检测的第2、3、4外显子中的差异只是在第2外显子发生了nt103G→T,nt106A→G两个核苷酸替代,并导致相应的第35位密码子由A(丙氨酸)→S(丝氨酸),第36位密码子由M(蛋氨酸)→V(缬氨酸).结论 该基因为HLA-B新等位基因,被世界卫生组织HLA因子专用术语命名委员会正式命名为HLA-B* 40:74( HWS10004518-EF458488).     

人类白细胞抗原新等位基因B*54:09的序列分析

目的 鉴定1名中国人白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)新等位基因.方法 应用基于Luminex平台的聚合酶链反应-序列特异性寡核苷酸探针(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes,PCR-SSOP)方法对先证者进行HLA基因分型、PCR产物测序和基因克隆DNA测序,通过软件分析该基因序列并与同源性最高的HLA等位基因比较序列差异.结果 PCR-SSOP基因分型显示先证者HLA-B位点反应格局异常,疑为HLA新等位基因.基因克隆后测序结果显示,其中1个等位基因为B*59:01,另一个等位基因序列与所有已知HLA等位基因不同,与同源性最高的HLA-B* 54:06基因序列相比,在第3外显子有6个核苷酸不同(nt486G→C、nt527A→T、nt538T→C、nt539G→T、nt559 C→A和nt560 T→C),导致了3个氨基酸改变,152位氨基酸由Glu→Val,156位氨基酸Trp→Leu和163位氨基酸Leu→Thr.结论 该等位基因为HLA新等位基因,被世界卫生组织HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-B* 54:09.     

新等位基因HLA-A*01:130的序列分析及HLA分子三维结构模拟

目的:确认HLA新等位基因HLA-A*01:130并分析其有异常反应格局的核苷酸序列。方法:应用DNA测序分型技术(PCR-SBT)进行HLA分型,对可疑新等位基因采用单链测序基因分型技术直接测定基因序列,分析其与同源性最高的HLA等位基因序列的差异。最后,经Swiss-Model对HLA分子进行三维结构模拟。结果:新基因与所有已知的HLA-A等位基因序列均不相同,与HLA-A*01:66基因序列相比在第3外显子368位碱基由A→G,导致第99位密码子改变,酪氨酸→半胱氨酸。替代氨基酸位于抗原肽结合区β片层上。结论:发现一个新的HLA-A等位基因,现已被世界卫生组织HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-A*01:130。     

序列分析及确认HLA新等位基因B*55:46

背景：近几年来,随着中华骨髓库的建立和人类白细胞抗原分型技术的不断发展和提高,中国人类白细胞抗原新等位基因不断被发现。 目的：探索中国人的人类白细胞抗原新等位基因。 方法：应用PCR-序列特异性寡核苷酸探针基因分型技术,对1名27岁男性汉族造血干细胞志愿捐献者进行HLA基因分型,并应用基于测序的方法分析该基因序列及与最相近等位基因序列的差异。 结果与结论：PCR-序列特异性寡核苷酸探针结果显示该样本HLA-B基因座反应格局出现异常提示;基因测序结果表明其B基因座第3外显子序列与所有已知HLA-B等位基因序列均不一致,在所检测的第2、3外显子中,与序列最相近的等位基因B*55:02:01的差异只是在第3外显子发生了nt 412 A→G一个核苷酸替代,导致第138位密码子由AAC→GAC,相应的编码的天冬酰胺改变为天冬氨酸。将其序列提交国际基因数据库及IMGT/HLA 数据库,证实该HLA等位基因为国际上首次发现,被世界卫生组织织人类白细胞抗原因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-B*55:46 (HM989018)。     

新等位基因HLA-A*240212的认定

目的发现和认定1个HLA新等位基因。方法应用PCR-SSO基因分型技术筛选可能的HLA新等位基因，PCR产物测序，确认与最同源HLA等位基因序列的差异。结果发现一个样品的HLA-A位点结果异常。其序列与已知所有HLA—A等位基因序列不一致，与同源性最高等位基因A＊24020101的差异只是在第2外显子区域中的230位碱基发生了C→T碱基的替换，但并未改变第77密码子编码的氨基酸。结论该等位基因为HLA-A位点的1个新等位基因，已被WHOHLA因子命名委员会于2006年8月23日正式命名为HLA-A＊240212。     

新等位基因HLA-A*24:233与HLA-A*26:89的分析确认

背景：分子生物学新技术的发展和大量应用加快了中国发现HLA 新等位基因的步伐。新等位基因的发现不仅给HLA家族增加了新成员,同时也为研究民族或地区的优势基因或消失基因(不适合客观环境的基因)找到了突破点。 目的：确认2个新的HLA等位基因,并分析其核苷酸序列。 方法：应用PCR-SBT、GSSP测序基因分型技术对两份中华骨髓库供者样本进行HLA高分辨分型,发现2个样本HLA-A位点均为异常基因,与已知同源性最高的等位基因型进行序列比对,分析核苷酸序列的差异。 结果与结论：2个样本HLA-A位点与目前已知的相应HLA-A等位基因序列均不一致,样本1与其同源性最高的A*24:02:01的差异表现在第3外显子区域中的第360位碱基由G > C,导致第96位密码子由谷氨酰胺变为组氨酸,样本2与其同源性最高的A*26:01:01比较差异表现在第2外显子区域中第97位碱基由T>C,导致编码的第9位密码子由酪氨酸变为组氨酸。结果表明两个样本为HLA-A位点的新等位基因,已提交GenBank进行注册,并已被WHO HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-A*24:233与HLA-A*26:89。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

新等位基因人类白细胞抗原B*4609的发现和确认

目的 鉴定一个人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)新等位基因HLA-B*4609.方法 使用序列特异性寡核苷酸PCR技术进行HLA基因分型,发现反应格局异常的可疑新等位基因,应用分子克隆和DNA双向测序技术测定新等位基因的核苷酸序列,并与已知等位基因进行序列比对分析.结果 检出1个样本HLA-B位点反应格局异常,DNA测序分型结果一个为B*151101,另一个的核苷酸序列与已知的HLA等位基因均不同,该基因序列与同源性最高的HLA-B*460101基因序列相比,在第3外显子区域中527位碱基发生A→T突变,导致176位编码氨基酸由谷氨酸(GAG)变成缬氨酸(GTG).结论 样本中含有HLA-B新等位基因序列.该序列申报后,被世界卫生组织HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-B*4609.     

中国汉族人群人类白细胞抗原新等位基因A~*1155的确认

背景:在国内发现的新等位基因中,大部分都是先采用人类白细胞抗原分型低分辨方法进行分型,如发现反应格局异常后,再进一步用基因测序或基因克隆方法进行确认,这样有可能导致一些新等位基因未被发现。基因测序分型方法被认为是人类白细胞抗原分型的金标准,它可得出精确的核苷酸序列。目的:直接采用基因测序分型方法对中华骨髓库标本进行检测,识别和确认中国汉族人群中新发现的等位基因。方法:应用中国造血干细胞捐献者测序结果可疑为新等位基因的重采血样5mL,采用基因测序分型技术,发现一样本HLA-A位点的杂合结果HLA-A*030101/A*110101在外显子上有1个位置与数据库不符,为了区别哪一个为新等位基因,采用基因克隆(TOPOTACloning)技术对两个等位基因1-8外显子进行DNA双向测序,发现1个与HLA-A*110101序列相近的新等位基因,分析两者核苷酸序列的差异。并将测序结果与已知人类白细胞抗原等位基因序列比较分析。结果与结论:通过克隆分离杂合等位基因,再进行测序确认发现新的序列与A*110101相比,在第2外显子第330碱基位置上C→G,密码子86AAC→AAG,发生了氨基酸的改变,由天冬酰氨变为赖氨酸。提示该等位基因为新的HLA-A等位基因,2009-10-31被世界卫生组织人类白细胞抗原因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-A*1155。     

HLA-DRB1*1218新等位基因克隆测序鉴定及内含子序列分析

目的 鉴定中国人群人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)DRB1基因,分析新等位基因第1和2内含子序列信息.方法 采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异寡核苷酸探针反向杂交法(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes,PCR-SSOP)对广东地区随机正常人群进行HLA常规基因分型,发现1个与HLA-DRB1*120201相近的未知基因,对先证者DNA应用组特异性引物扩增HLA-DRB1位点第2外显子,PCR产物经克隆到质粒载体中以获得单链,对克隆所得产物进行HLA-DRB1基因的第2外显子及第1和第2内含子双向测序分析.并与DRB1*120201基因序列的第2外显子和DRB1*03010101等位基因内含子相比较.结果 发现该个体的一个HLA-DRB1*080302基因被确认,而另一个HLA-DRB1基因为新等位基因,其序列被GenBank接受(编号为FJ481086).新等位基因与最相近的DRB1*120201相比,在第2外显子上有1个核苷酸的不同,即第262位G→C(密码子59 GAG→CAG,氨基酸59 Glu→Gln).DRB1*1218与DRB1*03010101等位基因第2内含子序列完全相同,而与DRB1*03010101等位基因第1内含子序列相比较有12个碱基不同.结论 发现并鉴定一个新的HLA等位基因,经世界卫生组织HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-DRB1*1218.     

HLA-A*02:251新等位基因克隆测序鉴定及序列分析

目的 鉴定中国人群人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)A*02:251新等位基因,分析新等位基因遗传特征.方法 采用聚合酶链反应-测序分型法(polymerase chain reaction-sequence based typing,PCR-SBT)对组织配型健康供、患者进行HLA基因分型,发现先证者核苷酸杂合序列与已知序列不匹配,不能指定先证者HLA等位基因型,对先证者DNA扩增HLA-A位点第2～4外显子,PCR产物经克隆到PMD18-T质粒载体中以获得单链核苷酸序列,对克隆所得产物进行HLA-A基因的第2～4外显子双向测序分析.结果 发现先证者的一个HLA-A*02:06:01基因被确认,而另一个HLA-A基因为新等位基因,其序列被GenBank接受(编号为HM245348).新等位基因序列通过IMGT/HLA 数据库BLAST,与最相近的A*02:01:01:01相比,在第3外显子上有1个核苷酸的不同,即第383位 G>C,密码子 128 GAG→GAC,氨基酸由谷氨酸(Glu)→天门冬氨酸(Asp).供、患者HLA-A、B、C、DQB1位点等位基因不匹配.结论 该等位基因为新的HLA-A*02:251等位基因.中国人群HLA-A 位点第3外显子核苷酸序列存在多态性.

Abstract：

Objective To identify a novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele A*02:251 and analyze the sequences in Chinese population. Methods Routine HLA-A, -B, -DRB1 high resolution genotyping for healthy Chinese donors and patients was performed with polymerase chain reaction-sequence based typing. An unknown HLA-A allele was initially detected by HLA typing in the healthy donor. Genomic DNA of the HLA-A locus in the proband was amplified, the amplified product was cloned by PMD18-T to split the two alleles, and selected clones were sequenced. Results The sequencing results showed that a normal A*02:06:01 and a novel A*02:251 variant allele were identified. The sequence of the novel allele has been submitted to GenBank (HM245348). Nucleotide sequence alignments with HLA-A allele from the IMGT/HLA Sequence Database showed that the novel A*02 variant allele differed from the closest allele A*02:01:01:01 by nt 383 G>C (codon 128 GAG>GAC) in exon 3, which resulted in one amino acid substitution of Glu>Asp. The HLA-A, B, C and DQB1 alleles of the healthy donor did not match with that of the patient. Conclusion This novel allele is officially designated as HLA-A*02:251 by World Health Organization(WHO) Nomenclature Committee (Submission ID HWS10010755). The sequence of HLA-A locus in exon 3 is confirmed to be polymorphic in Chinese population.     

New HLA-A*11 allele,A*1112, identified by sequence-based typing

In this report, we describe the identification of HLA-A*1112, a novel HLA-A*11 allele found in two Italian families. The new allele was detected during routine HLA typing by a polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primer and was confirmed by high-resolution sequencing-based typing. The nucleotide sequences of HLA-A*1112 exons 2 and 3 are identical to HLA-A*11011 except for a single nucleotide substitution in codon 90 (GAC-->GCC).     

Identification of a new HLA allele,A*1114, in a Chinese family

A novel HLA-A allele, A*1114, was initially detected in two generations of a Chinese family by unusual polymerase chain reaction based sequence-specific primers ( PCR-SSP) reaction patterns and ambiguous sequence-based typing (SBT). Molecular cloning and sequencing analysis indicated that this new allele differs from HLA-A*1102 by three nucleotide substitutions in exon 3, 524 A-->G, 526 G-->C, and 527 C-->G, thus changing codon 175 from His to Arg (CAT-->CGT) and codon 176 from Ala to Arg (GCG-->CGG). Segregation analysis showed that the proband inherited his mother's HLA haplotype A*1114, B*5801, DRB1*1405. The serologic equivalent of A*1114 is a split antigen HLA-A11.2. A PCR-SSP method was developed to distinguish A*1114 from other A*11 alleles. No further individuals with A*1114 were found in 5000 Chinese bone marrow donors.     

Sequence analysis of a novel human leukocyte antigen allele HLA-A*9206

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular genetic basis for a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) novel allele HLA-A*9206 in the Chinese population. METHODS: DNA was extracted from whole blood by PEL-FREEZ DNA extraction kit. The amplification of HLA-A exons 1-8 of the proband was preformed and the PCR products were sequenced using ABI sequencing kit. Both strands of exons 2, 3 and 4 of the amplified product were sequenced. The polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) was performed to split the two alleles apart and confirm the mutations detected by sequencing. RESULTS: The sequencing results showed that the HLA-A alleles of the proband were A*1101 and a novel allele. The sequence of the novel allele has been submitted to GenBank (EF062306). After Blast analysis, the novel allele shows one nucleotide different from the HLA-A*0206 in exon 3 at nucleotide position 530 (C to T). This results in an amino acid change from Ala to Val at codon 153. CONCLUSION: This allele is a novel allele and has been officially named A*9206 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee.     

一例HLA-A新等位基因HLA-A*9206的测序分析

目的 研究人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)新的等位基因HLA-A*9206的序列及其分子机制.方法 样本DNA抽提采用PEL-FREEZ抽提试剂盒,应用PCR方法扩增先证者HLA-A等位基因的第1～8外显子,进行第2-4外显子双向测序分析,发现突变位点.应用序列特异性引物PCR方法获得等位基因的单链,测序后确定双链测序所发现的突变.结果 先证者样本单链测序得到两个等位基因,其中一个等位基因为A*1101,另一个经Blast验证其为新的等位基因,新的等位基因序列已递交GenBank(EFD62306).与最接近的A*0206等位基因序列相比,新的等位基因在第3外显子上有1个核苷酸不同,第530位C→T,导致第153位丙氨酸→缬氨酸.结论 该等位基因为新的HLA-A等位基因,被世界卫生组织HLA因子命名委员会正式命名为HLA-A*9206.     

Novel HLA-A*11 allele, A*1120, identified by sequence-based typing

In this report, we describe the identification of a human leucocyte antigen-A*11 (HLA-A*11) nucleotide sequence variant, a new HLA-A*1120 by using sequence-based typing (SBT). The new allele was detected during routine HLA typing by high-resolution SBT. Allele A*1120 showed one nucleotide difference with A*110101 at codon 152 (GCG-->GAG) resulting in an amino acid change from alanine to glutamate. Residue 152 is located on alpha(2)-helix of HLA class I molecule and involved in peptide binding by constructing E pocket of peptide-binding groove, implying that the change of the residue 152 would affect the binding affinity of peptides to A*1120 allele.     

Identification of a novel HLA-A allele,HLA-A*01:195, in a UAE national

A novel human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A allele, HLA-A*01:195, was identified by sequence-based typing (SBT) in a UAE national subject. The novel allele is identical to its closest known allele, HLA-A*01:01:01:01, in exon 2, 3 and 4, except for a single nucleotide mutation of A to G at position 442 in exon 3 (codon 124 in the α2 domain of the α chain of the mature protein). This A to G mutation results in an amino acid change of isoleucine #124 to valine.     

A novel allele, HLA-A*11:01:10, identified by sequence-based typing in a Chinese individual

The novel allele human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*11:01: 10 differs from HLA-A*11:01:10 by a synonymous nucleotide exchange at codon 146 in exon 2 (G/A). Here, we describe the identification of the novel allele HLA-A*11:01:10, which has been detected in a registered donor of the China Marrow Donor Program. The complete HLA typing results were as follows: A*02:01, *11:01:10; B*15:11, *15:18; C*03:03, *08:01; DRB1*08:02, *15:01.     

Identification of a novel HLA-A allele, A*3120

A novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A allele, HLA-A*3120, was first identified in a National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) donor. The A*3120 allele resulted from a single nucleotide substitution (T to G) at codon 92 of exon 3 of A*310102. The substitution caused an amino acid change (serine to alanine). This novel allele was also seen in two other unrelated NMDP donors.     

New DR5 sequences: a novelDRB1*11122 allele identified in Paiwan tribe members of Taiwan and a corrected sequence for the DRB1*1201 allele

We report herein the identification of a new DRB1 allele using sequence-based typing (SBT). This novel allele, HLA-DRB1*11122, was found in an aboriginal individual (SWP71) from the Paiwan tribe in the southern part of Taiwan. This individual was typed by SBT method as having an HLA genotype of HLA-A*24021/24021, HLA-B*4001/4002, HLA-DRB1*11122/15011, HLA-DRB3*0202, and HLA-DRB5*01011. This new allele differs from DRB1*1112 in the polymorphic exon 2 only at codon 34 (CAA-->CAG; both specify glutamine) and from DRB1*1110 in the exon 2 sequence only at codon 32 (CAT-->TAT; H32T). The most likely candidate allele which is found in the aboriginal populations of Taiwan and which may mutate into this new allele is DRB1*11011. DRB1*11122 allele differs from DRB1*11011 allele in the polymorphic exon 2 at both codon 34 (CAA-->CAG) and codon 37 (TAC-->TTC; T37F). This novel HLA-DRB1*11122 allele was also found in another aboriginal individual (SWP90) from the same Paiwan tribe. This SWP90 individual was typed by SBT method as having an HLA genotype of HLA-A*24021/24021, HLA-B*4002/5502, HLA-DRB1*11122/1201, and HLA-DRB3*01011/0202. However, the original DRB1*1201 sequence from HERLUFF was found to be erroneously reported and the corrected sequence from SWP90 is now presented herein.