C反应蛋白与糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化关系40例临床分析

目的:探讨C反应蛋白(CRP)与糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化的关系。方法:选择经颈动脉彩超检查的40例糖尿病合并颈动脉硬化患者作为病例组,40例单纯糖尿病患者作为对照组,均测定血清CRP,并分析与颈动脉内中膜增厚、斑块(颈动脉粥样硬化)之间的相关性。结果:病例组血清CRP显著高于对照组。有颈动脉斑块的CRP显著高于颈动脉内中膜正常与增厚的CRP。结论:血清CRP与糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化的发生有关,CRP在糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化中起重要作用。     

老年高血压伴颈动脉粥样硬化患者血清超敏C反应蛋白水平分析

目的探讨老年高血压患者颈动脉硬化情况与超敏c反应蛋白（hs-CRP）的关系。方法选择100例高血压患者进行颈动脉超声扫描,检测患者hs-CRP水平,分析颈动脉粥样硬化与hs-CRP的关系。结果颈动脉硬化组患者hs-CRP水平显著高于无颈动脉硬化组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。内膜正常组、内膜增厚组、斑块形成组hs-CR的浓度比较差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。随着颈动脉硬化程度的增加,hs-CRP浓度也逐渐上升。结论血清hs-CRP可间接反映颈动脉硬化的程度。     

原发性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血尿酸及C反应蛋白的关系探讨

目的探讨原发性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血尿酸及C反应蛋白(CRP)的关系。方法将122例原发性高血压患者按颈动脉硬化程度分为内中膜增厚组、斑块形成组和管腔狭窄组,分别测定其与34例正常内膜对照组的血尿酸及CRP的浓度,观察颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血尿酸及CRP的关系。结果斑块形成组和管腔狭窄组的血尿酸及CRP的浓度显著高于内中膜增厚组及对照组(P<0.05)。结论血尿酸及CRP与原发性高血压患者的颈动脉粥样硬化程度有关。     

高血压病患者合并颈动脉粥样硬化与血清高敏C反应蛋白的相关性研究

目的 研究合并颈动脉粥样硬化的高血压病患者血清高敏C反应蛋白（hscRP）的变化，探讨两者之间的相关性。方法 对来院就诊的188例原发性高血压患者进行颈动脉超声检查，测量颈总动脉内中膜厚度（IMT）、观察有无颈动脉斑块形成，从而判断有无颈动脉粥样硬化；同时进行血清hsCRP浓度的测定。分析血清hsCRP与颈动脉粥样硬化、颈总动脉内中膜厚度、颈动脉斑块形成之间的关系。结果 ①合并颈动脉粥样硬化的高血压病患者血清hsCRP显著高于无颈动脉病变者（P〈0．01）。②颈总动脉内中膜增厚者血清hsCRP高于颈总动脉内中膜正常者（P〈0．05）；有颈动脉斑块的患者血清hsCRP明显高于无颈动脉斑块的患者（P〈0．01）。结论 高血压病合并颈动脉粥样硬化尤其是颈动脉斑块患者的血清hsCRP显著高于无颈动脉病变者，说明血清hsCRP与高血压病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的发生有一定相关性，炎症反应可能参与了高血压病颈动脉粥样硬化的形成。     

颈动脉粥样硬化与血清同型半胱氨酸水平变化的关系

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸（HCY）水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法选取住院患者90例，采用彩色多普勒超声仪检测颈动脉，根据检测结果分为3组：内膜正常组、内膜增厚组和斑块形成组。用比浊法测定血清HCY浓度，并比较3组之间的差异。结果随着颈动脉粥样硬化程度的加重，血清HCY的浓度也明显地增高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。血清HCY浓度与颈动脉粥样硬化的程度呈正相关。结论HCY在颈动脉粥样硬化的发生、发展中起重要的作用，血清HCY水平是动脉粥样硬化的一个独立危险因素。     

彩超对颈动脉粥样硬化与CCCI相关性的研究

目的研究颈动脉粥样硬化与慢性脑供血不足（CCCI）的关系。方法应用彩色多普勒超声对86例确诊为CCCI患者的颈动脉进行血管内径测量,内膜-中膜厚度（IMT）测量,观察有无斑块形成和血管狭窄情况。结果86例CCCI患者中,有颈动脉硬化（IMT增厚和斑块形成）78例,检出率达90.7%,其中IMT增厚达29.1%,斑块形成达61.6%。结论CCCI与颈动脉粥样硬化存在着线性关系,早期检测颈动脉粥样硬化可预防CCCI的发病,提高早期诊治率,减少缺血性脑血管病的发生。     

颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检测粥样斑块与脑梗塞临床分析

目的：探讨颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检测粥样斑块与老年脑梗塞的临床意义。方法：应用彩色多普勒超声对40例脑梗塞患者的颈A内膜厚度（TMT）斑块形态、斑块类型进行检测并与20位身体健康、无高血压、无糖尿病、无脑血管病的老年人作为对照组,观察斑块形成及管腔狭窄情况。结果：脑梗塞组发现21例颈动脉有不同程度的粥样硬化斑块,发生率为60％,患病组颈八内膜厚度IMT1．20±0．35mm,对照组IMTO．65±0．18mm,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论：脑梗塞患者颈AIMrr比较对照组增厚,粥样硬化斑块脂质性为主,说明颈动脉粥样硬化与脑梗塞密切相关,彩色多普勒超声能早期发现颈A粥样硬化斑块对预防缺血性脑血管疾病,对有效预防脑梗塞的发生有重要,临床意义。     

彩色多普勒超声在老年脑梗死病中的临床应用

应用ＨＤＩ型超９彩色声像仪,观察４１例老年脑梗死患者和４８例无脑梗死老年人（对照组）两侧颈总动脉内膜－中层厚度、斑块情况,两侧颈动脉和椎动脉颅外段内径、血流动力学改变。结果发现：（１）脑梗死组颈总动脉主干与分叉处内膜－中层厚度较对照组明显增厚,发现粥样硬化斑块３２例,占７８．０％;（２）脑梗死组颈总动脉、颈内动脉内径明显增宽;脑梗死组颈动脉和椎动脉颅外段舒张期末流速值、最高流速平均值较对照组明显降低;反映外周阻力的搏动指数、阻力指数,脑梗死组明显高于对照组。结果表明：老年脑梗死与颈动脉、椎动脉粥样硬化有关;颈动脉软斑块是可能发生潜在老年脑梗死的原因之一。     

高血压患者血清hs-CRP、Hcy及UA水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的 探讨高血压患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、尿酸(UA)水平与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的相关性。 方法 选取2015年1月—2017年8月于蚌埠医学院第二附属医院住院的120例高血压患者作为研究对象，根据颈动脉超声检查颈动脉内膜-中层厚度(IMT)结果分为颈动脉粥样硬化组(60例，IMT>0.9 mm)与正常组(60例，IMT≤0.9 mm)，将颈动脉粥样硬化组依据IMT检查结果分为内膜增厚组(30例，0.9 mm0.05)。颈动脉粥样硬化组hs-CRP、Hcy、UA水平均明显高于正常组(均P<0.05)。内膜增厚组hs-CRP、Hcy、UA水平均显著低于内膜斑块组(均P<0.05)。内膜稳定斑块组hs-CRP、Hcy、UA水平均明显低于内膜不稳定斑块组(均P<0.05)。 结论 血清hs-CRP、Hcy、UA水平可反映高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化严重程度，血清hs-CRP、Hcy、UA水平越高，患者颈动脉粥样硬化越严重，三者对高血压颈动脉粥样硬化严重程度具有重要的预测价值。      

EH患者CAS与胰岛素抵抗及脂联素的相关性研究

目的探讨原发性高血压（EH）患者不同程度颈动脉粥样硬化（CAS）内膜中层厚度（IMT）与胰岛素抵抗（IR）及脂联素（APN）的关系,观察IR指数值与血清APN水平二者的相关性。方法应用彩色多普勒超声检查将171例EH患者按颈动脉硬化程度分为颈动脉正常组、颈动脉内膜增厚组和颈动脉斑块形成组,分别测定各组IR指数值及血清APN的水平,观察CASIMT与IR指数值及血清APN水平的关系。结果 EH伴CAS患者130例占76.02%（130/171）。EH患者IR指数值显著高于健康对照组（P〈0.05）,血清APN水平显著低于健康对照组（P〈0.05）;颈动脉斑块形成组及颈动脉内膜增厚组与颈动脉内膜正常组比较,IR指数值均显著增高（P〈0.05）,血清APN水平均显著降低（P〈0.05）;颈动脉内膜正常组与健康对照组比较,IR指数值显著增高（P〈0.05）,血清APN水平显著降低（P〈0.05）。EH伴CAS患者IR指数值与外周血APN水平呈显著性负相关（r=-0.357,P〈0.05）。结论 EH患者体内存在IR及APN水平的异常表达,其可能参与了EH伴CAS发生发展的过程,此为早期干预EH发生AS提供了理论依据,IR指数及血清APN可作为EH的辅助诊断及治疗的指标之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.