槲寄生内生真菌发酵液抗肿瘤作用机制研究

目的观察槲寄生内生真菌抗肿瘤活性菌株发酵液的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法利用实时细胞分析系统（RT-CES）对该菌株发酵液作用于细胞群落的整体生物学功能进行实时检测,构建发酵液作用效果的＂细胞指纹图谱＂,推断发酵液可能的抗肿瘤作用机制;透射电镜、DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳和流式细胞术检测该菌株发酵液诱导的肿瘤细胞凋亡作用。结果槲寄生内生真菌发酵液具有诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡效应。结论发酵液的抗肿瘤作用机制可能通过抑制微管解聚使肿瘤细胞有丝分裂终止,促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,或通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡抑制其生长,从而导致细胞死亡。     

产柴胡皂苷内生真菌抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展

对产柴胡皂苷内生真菌抗肿瘤作用机制研究概况进行综述,为柴胡次生代谢抗癌的深入研究提供依据。通过系统文献调研,以近年来的50余篇中外文献为依据进行归纳总结。产柴胡皂苷内生真菌抗肿瘤机制涉及诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、逆转肿瘤耐药性和增强免疫调节功能等方面。植物内生真菌产生的抗肿瘤活性成分十分丰富,以它独特的优势使柴胡皂苷抗肿瘤制剂早日推广临床仍需要长期更全面、更深入的研究。     

红景天苷抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展

研究表明红景天抗肿瘤作用机制已成为近年来的研究热点,主要包括抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭转移、诱导肿瘤细胞分化、影响肿瘤细胞周期等。该文就近10余年来对红景天抗肿瘤作用研究进展作一简要综述,概括其抗肿瘤西医及中医作用机制。     

青蒿琥酯抗肿瘤实验研究进展

综述近年来国内外青蒿琥酯抗肿瘤的体内外实验研究,探讨其抗肿瘤作用机理。认为青蒿琥酯抗肿瘤机理与其对肿瘤细胞株有直接杀伤作用,或与诱导细胞凋亡有关,还可能与其抑制肿瘤组织血管生成等有关。诱导肿瘤组织细胞凋亡的分子机制是通过p53非依赖性途径,与调节bc l-2基因下调、影响拓扑异构酶活性等有关。另外,青蒿琥酯与5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)有协同抗肿瘤作用,铁剂可能对青蒿琥酯有明显的协同抑瘤作用。目前对青蒿琥酯抗肿瘤的研究尚处在肿瘤细胞和动物实验水平,研究得出的结果也不完全一致,青蒿琥酯的剂量、疗程等不统一,今后有必要进一步合理开展基础和临床研究,从而开发出抗癌新品。     

鹅掌草皂苷抗肿瘤作用研究

目的研究鹅掌草单体皂苷的抗肿瘤活性。方法用MTT法检测鹅掌草单体皂苷I4a、fII对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞、HeLa细胞株加脂多糖(LPS)诱导模型、人肝癌HepG2细胞、人肝癌Bel-7402细胞生长抑制作用;用流式细胞术(FCM)检测鹅掌草单体皂苷对肿瘤细胞凋亡的影响;用Werstern blot蛋白印迹法检测鹅掌草单体皂苷对肿瘤细胞MAPK信号蛋白的影响。结果鹅掌草皂苷对肝癌细胞Bel-7402、宫颈癌细胞HeLa等均有一定的抑制生长的作用,并有一定的剂量依赖关系,浓度在5.0μmol/L时有促进细胞凋亡的作用,对不同细胞株的结果相似。结论鹅掌草皂苷具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长作用,诱导肿瘤细胞死亡的主要途径是凋亡,且可以通过影响MAPK信号通路,抑制磷酸化P-p38、P-ERK蛋白的表达,发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

鹅掌草皂苷抗肿瘤作用研究简

目的 研究鹅掌草单体皂苷的抗肿瘤活性.方法 用MTT法检测鹅掌草单体皂苷I4a、flI对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞、HeLa细胞株加脂多糖（LPS）诱导模型、人肝癌HepG2细胞、人肝癌Bel-7402细胞生长抑制作用;用流式细胞术（FCM）检测鹅掌草单体皂苷对肿瘤细胞凋亡的影响;用Werstem blot蛋白印迹法检测鹅掌草单体皂苷对肿瘤细胞MAPK信号蛋白的影响.结果 鹅掌草皂苷对肝癌细胞Bel-7402、宫颈癌细胞HeLa等均有一定的抑制生长的作用,并有一定的剂量依赖关系,浓度在5.0μmol/L时有促进细胞凋亡的作用,对不同细胞株的结果相似.结论 鹅掌草皂苷具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长作用,诱导肿瘤细胞死亡的主要途径是凋亡,且可以通过影响MAPK信号通路,抑制磷酸化P-p38、P-ERK蛋白的表达,发挥抗肿瘤作用.     

蛇毒抗肿瘤细胞凋亡机制的研究进展

蛇毒是一类有酶活性和其它生物活性的蛋白和多肽的混合物，其中具有抗肿瘤的活性成分主要是蛇毒解离素，细胞毒素，诱导凋亡的组分。蛇毒的抗肿瘤机制主要与破坏肿瘤细胞的细胞膜、影响细胞能量代谢、降低肿瘤细胞的恶性程度、抑制肿瘤细胞DNA合成、介导免疫反应、抑制肿瘤组织内的血管形成、肿瘤细胞的凋亡和抗原抗体中和有关。肿瘤的发生是细胞增殖与细胞凋亡平衡失调的结果，通过蛇毒诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡抗肿瘤的研究越来越受到关注，它贯穿于蛇毒活性成分抗肿瘤的全过程。本文就将蛇毒抗肿瘤的活性成分诱导的细胞凋亡机制作一综述。     

药物介导的自噬改变对肿瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响

放射治疗诱导的自噬与导致细胞死亡的凋亡起到的作用不同,其具有既可以导致细胞死亡又可以保护细胞生存的双重性。自噬这一过程在放射治疗和辐射毒性中的抗肿瘤效应还不明确。一系列药物试验已经证实诱导或者抑制自噬,直接影响细胞毒性和放射治疗的效果,同时发生的目标性自噬和凋亡似乎进一步增强了放射治疗的抗肿瘤效应。本文就调节放射诱导的自噬在肿瘤细胞中作用的研究进展进行简要综述。     

天然中药抗肿瘤机制的研究进展

综述了菊花、白花蛇舌草、三七3种中药的抗肿瘤成分和其作用机制。菊花主要通过细胞毒作用、阻滞细胞周期、抑制肿瘤细胞生长及诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡;白花蛇舌草诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、提高免疫功能和使肿瘤细胞基因表达下调;三七可以促癌细胞凋亡,诱导癌细胞分化,逆转肿瘤细胞多药耐药。     

红树林内生真菌来源内酯类化合物D1952抗肿瘤活性研究

目的 探讨红树林老鼠筋内生真菌来源内酯类化合物D1952抗肿瘤作用及分子机制.方法 分子对接技术寻找D1952的潜在靶点,四甲基二氮唑蓝(MTF)比色法研究D1952抗肿瘤谱;脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)、PI染色法、免疫印迹法(Western blotting)检测D1952对细胞周期和凋亡的影响及相关信号通路蛋白的变化.结果 细胞周期蛋白激酶2(CDK2)是D1952的潜在靶点;D1952能有效抑制21种肿瘤细胞的增殖,且对MDA-MB-435的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为1.11 μmol/L.TUNEL染色可见肿瘤细胞凋亡明显;流式细胞术表明其能将MDA-MB-435细胞阻滞于G1/S期,且D1952能促进PARP的切割、导致p-RB降低和p21的表达增加.结论 红树林老鼠簕内生真菌来源化合物D1952具有较好的抗肿瘤活性,并有望成为靶向CDK2的抗肿瘤先导化合物.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.