国家食品药品监督管理局国家药品标准修订件——头孢米诺钠

本品为白色或类白色结晶性粉末,无臭或微臭。     

国家食品药品监督管理局国家药品标准修订件——注射用头孢米诺钠

本品为白色或类白色结晶性粉末,无臭或微臭。     

注射用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠与注射用盐酸氨溴索存在配伍禁忌

注射用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠(2:1)(商品名为美维),为第三代头孢菌素,为白色或类白色粉末或结晶性粉末.具有广谱抗菌活性,抗菌成分是头孢哌酮,其作用机制主要是通过在细菌繁殖期抑制敏感细菌细胞壁粘肽的生物合成而达到杀菌作用.     

头孢匹胺钠与常用静脉使用药物在输液中的配伍变化

头孢匹胺钠是半合成长效第三代头孢类抗生素,为白色、类白色、疏松块状物或粉末,无臭或微有特殊臭.     

注射用头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠与注射用奥硝唑存在配伍禁忌

<正>注射用头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠,本品为白色或类白色粉末,辉瑞制药有限公司生产,规格为1.5 g/瓶,批号193943,为第三代头孢菌素,通过在细菌繁殖期抑制敏感细菌细胞壁黏肽的生物合成而达到杀菌作用。功能主治:由敏感菌引起的上下呼吸道感染、泌尿系感染、皮肤软组织感染及其他腹腔内感染。注射用奥硝唑,为白色疏柱块状物或粉末,武汉长联来     

国家食品药品监督管理局国家药品标准修订件——甘氨双唑钠

本品为类白色至微黄色的结晶或结晶性粉末;无臭,味苦;遇光色渐变深。     

国家食品药品监督管理局国家药品标准修订件——注射用甘氨双唑钠

本品为类白色至微黄色的疏松块状物或粉末;无臭,味苦;遇光色渐变黄。     

注射用阿洛西林钠与葡萄糖酸依诺沙星注射液之间存在配伍禁忌

<正>注射用阿洛西林钠主要成份为阿洛西林钠,性状为白色或类白色粉末或疏松块状物,主要用于敏感的革兰阳性菌及阴性菌所致的各种感染以及铜绿假单胞菌感染;包括败血症、脑膜炎、心内膜     

国家食品药品监督管理局国家药品标准修订件——注射用乳酸左氧氟沙星

本品为白色至微黄色的结晶性粉末,或白色至微黄色疏松块状物或粉末。     

注射用奥美拉唑钠与维生素B6的配伍关系

注射用奥美拉唑钠为白色或类白色疏松块状物或粉末．主要用于十二指肠溃疡、胃溃疡、反流性食管炎及Zollinger—Ellison综合征。维生素B6注射液主要成分是维生素氏,本品系无色或黄色的透明液体,维生素B6在红细胞内转化为磷酸吡哆醛,作为辅助对蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂类的各种代谢产生作用．适用于维生素B6缺乏的预防和治疗,用于妊娠、药物、胃肠道疾病所致呕吐。     

Fondaparinux Sodium Compared with Enoxaparin Sodium

INTRODUCTION: Patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery face considerable risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which may be fatal unless they receive prophylactic treatment. Fondaparinux sodium is a new antithrombotic agent that is indicated for prophylaxis of VTE after major orthopedic surgery. This paper presents a cost-effectiveness analysis of fondaparinux sodium and enoxaparin sodium, the latter being the most commonly used agent for prophylaxis of VTE. METHODS: The analysis is based on an international simulation model, using Norwegian unit costs, and Norwegian data of 55 000 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery between 1999 and 2001. We estimated the expected incidence of VTE and VTE-related deaths, and expected costs of VTE-related care for each of the two prophylactic agents for different periods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results indicate that fondaparinux sodium is likely to be more effective than enoxaparin sodium in preventing the incidence of VTE. By day 90, fondaparinux sodium is expected to avoid 180 more VTE events, and between 8 and 33 more VTE-related deaths per 10,000 patients than enoxaparin sodium. Fondaparinux sodium is also a cost-saving option in short follow-up periods for hip fracture surgery. For extended follow-up periods (i.e. 5 years), fondaparinux sodium is also likely to represent the lower cost treatment option after total knee and hip replacement. The sensitivity analyses show that the main results are robust to changes in the most important parameters. Results are, however, sensitive to the price difference between the two drugs.     

国家食品药品监督管理局国家药品标准修订——注射用阿莫西林钠氟氯西林钠

本品为阿莫西林钠与氟氯西林钠[阿莫西林(C₁₆H₁₉N₃O₅S)与氟氯西林(C₁₉H₁₇ClFN₃O₅S)标示量之比为1:1]均匀混合制成的无菌粉末。按无水物计算,每1 mg含阿莫西林(C₁₆H₁₉N₃O₅S)和氟氯西林(C₁₉H₁₇ClFN₃O₅S)分别不得少于400 μg和436 μg。按平均装量计算,含阿莫西林(C₁₆H₁₉N₃O₅S)和氟氯西林(C₁₉H₁₇ClFN₃O₅S)均应为标示量的90.0%~110.0%。     

注射用他唑巴坦钠/哌拉西林钠

本品为哌拉西林钠和他唑巴坦钠组成的复方制剂。哌拉西林为广谱半合成着霉素类抗生素，他唑巴坦为β-内酰胺酶抑制剂。本品适用于对哌拉西林耐药，但对哌拉西林／他唑巴坦敏感的产β-内酰胺酶的细菌引起的中、重度感染，其抗菌谱包括革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌及厌氧菌。     

HPLC法测定头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠中头孢哌酮钠的胆药浓度

目的:建立头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠中头孢哌酮钠胆药浓度的测定方法。方法:于腹腔镜胆囊切除手术中胆囊取胆汁标本,用高效液相色谱法测定胆清中头孢哌酮钠的浓度,其中色谱柱为YWGC18,流动相为甲醇-水-冰醋酸(25.5∶74.5∶0.45),流速为1.0mL.min-1,柱温为35℃,检测波长为254nm。结果:头孢哌酮胆汁浓度在1.25~62.5μg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9991);平均回收率为95.14%(RSD=3.42%)。结论:本方法简便、可靠,可为临床合理用药提供依据。     

Fondaparinux Sodium

Fondaparinux sodium (fondaparinux) is a synthetic sulfated pentasaccharide anticoagulant developed from the antithrombin binding moiety of heparin. Through the activation of antithrombin it inhibits Factor Xa, the activation of thrombin, and the subsequent coagulation cascade. Fondaparinux is approved in Europe and the US for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), including both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), when used in conjunction with warfarin. In phase III clinical trials, subcutaneous fondaparinux was noninferior to subcutaneous enoxaparin or intravenous unfractionated heparin (UFH) in the prevention of recurrent symptomatic VTE in patients with acute DVT and PE, respectively, and equally well tolerated. It thus provides a valuable alternative to UFH and low-molecular weight heparins in the treatment of acute VTE, particularly in the outpatient setting.     

Fondaparinux Sodium

Fondaparinux sodium (Arixtra) is a synthetic, sulfated pentasaccharide, selective factor Xa inhibitor that is indicated in Europe for preventing thrombus formation in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS; the focus of this review), including those with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI (NSTEMI), or unstable angina.The large (n = 20,078), well designed OASIS-5 trial showed that subcutaneous fondaparinux 2.5 mg/day for 12,000) OASIS-6 trial. There were no differences in the incidence of major bleeding between these groups, resulting in a benefit : risk balance favoring fondaparinux. The specificity and selectivity of fondaparinux, combined with its long half-life and 100% bioavailability, allows once-daily anticoagulation without the need for monitoring activated clotting time. Subcutaneous fondaparinux was noninferior to enoxaparin treatment in patients with unstable angina or NSTEMI, and was more effective than usual care in those with STEMI. Fondaparinux has a favorable tolerability profile, particularly with regard to the risk of major bleeding, and limited data suggest that it is more cost effective than enoxaparin in the short term. Thus, overall, clinical evidence suggests that fondaparinux has a valuable place in the treatment of patients with ACS.     

国家食品药品监督管理局国家药品标准修订——萘夫西林钠

本品为(2S,5R,6R)-6-(2-乙氧基-1-萘甲酰胺基)-3,3-二甲基-7-氧-4-硫杂-1-氮杂双环[3.2.0]庚烷-2-甲酸-钠-水合物。按无水物计算,含萘夫西林(C₂₁H₂₂N₂O₅S)不得少于85.5%。     

国家食品药品监督管理局国家药品标准修订——氟氯西林钠

本品为(2S,5R,6R)-6-[[[3-(2-氯-6-氟苯基)-5-甲基异噁唑-4-基]羰基]氨基]-3,3-二甲基-7-氧代-4-硫杂-1-氮杂二环[3.2.0]庚烷-2-甲酸钠一水合物。按无水物计算,含氟氯西林(C₁₉H₁₇ClFN₃O₅S)不得少于91.0%。