诺帝对血管内皮生长因子诱导的人脐血源性内皮祖细胞功能的影响

探讨手性化合物诺帝(Nordy)对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)诱导的人脐血源性内皮祖细胞(EPCs)功能的影响及其意义。应用密度梯度离心法分离新鲜人脐血的单个核细胞，接种于EGM-2培养液中培养7～10 d获得内皮祖细胞(EPCs)。分别采用MTT法、Millicell-PCF培养小室系统和Matrigel内小管形成试验检测诺帝对VEGF刺激下EPCs增殖活性、迁移能力和体外形成小管样结构能力的影响。结果表明，100 μmol·L^-1诺帝作用24 h明显抑制EPCs增殖活性(P<0.05)，诺帝(25～50 μmol·L^-1)作用48～72 h也明显抑制EPCs增殖活性(P<0.05)。诺帝(25～100 μmol·L^-1)显著抑制VEGF诱导的EPCs迁移活性和体外形成小管样结构的能力(P<0.05)。诺帝能抑制体外VEGF诱导的人脐血源性EPCs增殖、迁移和体外小管形成能力，提示其具有抗EPCs效应。     

HPLC法测定止痛胶囊中芍药苷的含量

目的 测定止痛胶囊中芍药苷的含量。方法 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Nova-pak C₁₈ 3.9mm×150mm;流动相:0.1%磷酸-乙腈(90∶10);流速:1.0ml·min^-1;检测波长:230nm;柱温:20℃。结果 芍药甙在30.62～306.20mg·ml^-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9996)。日内、日间差RSD均不超过3%(n=5)。结论 该法可用于止痛胶囊中芍药苷含量的测定。     

阿尔泰锦鸡儿不同药用部位主要黄酮苷的含量测定

目的 测定采集于新疆阿勒泰地区的10批次阿尔泰锦鸡儿根、茎、叶、花与果实药材中芦丁和山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的含量。方法 色谱条件：Inertsil ODS-3色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,检测波长254 nm,流速1.0 mL·min^-1,进样量5 μL,柱温25℃,流动相为0.2%磷酸（A）-乙腈（B）,线性梯度洗脱（0~5 min,10%→14% B;5~10 min,14%→17% B;10~16 min,17%→20% B;16~21 min,20%→22% B;21~30 min,22%→25% B;30~40 min,25% B）。结果 10批次阿尔泰锦鸡儿叶、花与果实药材中芦丁的平均含量为：果实6.83 mg·g^-1,叶6.16 mg·g^-1,花3.58 mg·g^-1;山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的平均含量为：果实1.48 mg·g^-1,叶2.44 mg·g^-1,花1.01 mg·g^-1。根与茎供试品溶液中均未检测到这2种黄酮苷成分。结论 建立的方法简便、稳定性、重复性良好,为阿尔泰锦鸡儿药材黄酮类成分的研究提供了实验基础,亦为建立该药材的质量标准提供了重要的实验数据。     

GC-MS法定性定量分析贴敷类医疗器械中樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片

摘 要 目的:利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）建立贴敷类医疗器械中樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片的定性和定量分析方法。方法: 采用Agilent HP-INNOWax (30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)毛细管色谱柱;以氦气为载气,流量为1.0 ml·min^-1;柱温80℃维持2 min,以10℃·min^-1的升温速率升至120℃,维持12 min,再以30℃·min^-1的升温速率升至200℃,维持3 min;离子源为电子轰击电离（EI）源,采集模式为全扫描/选择离子检测。结果:能检测出样品中是否添加樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片,并对其进行定量。3种化合物的线性范围分别为1.742～2.177×10³(r=0.998 9),1.982～2.478×10³(r=0.998 9),1.999～2.499×10³ μg·ml^-1(r=0.999 8),线性关系均良好;平均回收率分别为93.3%,98.8%,94.9%(n=9)。结论:方法简便、灵敏、准确、快速,可用于贴敷类医疗器械中樟脑、薄荷脑、冰片的定性和定量检测。     

HPLC法测定维血宁颗粒中大黄素的含量

目的 建立HPLC法测定维血宁颗粒中大黄素的含量。方法 采用Cosmosil C₁₈色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(80∶20);流量:1.0ml·min^-1;柱温:40℃;检测波长:282nm。用外标法测定。结果 线性范围为0.01～0.2mg·ml^-1,r=0.9999,平均回收率为98.12%,RSD为1.98%。结论 HPLC法可用于测定维血宁颗粒中大黄素     

商陆中三种新皂甙的分离与鉴定

从商陆科植物商陆(Phytolacca esculenta Van Houtte)中分离得三种新的三萜皂甙,根据化学性质和光谱分析(UV,IR,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,MS),确定甙Ⅰ为3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基商陆酸,甙Ⅱ为3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-羟基商陆酸,甙Ⅲ为3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]-2-羟基商陆酸,分别命名为商陆皂甙O,P,Q。     

UPLC法同时测定市售菟丝子中5种化学成分的含量

目的 采用UPLC法同时测定市售菟丝子中5种化学成分的含量。方法 采用Agilent SB-C₁₈（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm）;流动相为乙腈-0.2%甲酸水溶液进行梯度洗脱;流速：0.4 mL·min^-1;柱温：35℃;分段检测波长：1~5 min,325 nm;5~12 min,260 nm;12~30 min,360 nm。结果 5种成分的检测范围分别为绿原酸：0.50~200.09 mg·L^-1（r =0.999 9）、金丝桃苷：0.56~226.32 mg·L^-1（r =0.999 9）、异槲皮苷：0.45~180.60 mg·L^-1（r =0.999 9）、紫云英苷：0.43~173.07 mg·L^-1（r =0.999 9）、山柰酚：0.43~173.28 mg·L^-1（r =0.999 9）;平均回收率（n = 9）分别为 102.0%（RSD=1.56%）,99.0%（RSD=2.90%）,100.1%（RSD=3.19%）,100.2%（RSD=3.00%）,99.3%（RSD=4.25%）。结论 该方法简便、可靠,可用于菟丝子的质量评价,为进一步提高和完善菟丝子质量标准提供参考。     

蒺藜果中两种新甾体皂苷的分离和鉴定

目的　研究蒺藜(Tribulus terrestris J.)果实的化学成分。方法　用各种色谱技术进行分离和纯化,用ESI/MS ,IR ,¹HNMR ,¹³CNMR ,DEPT ,¹H-¹H COSY ,¹H-¹³C COSY和HMBC等光谱技术鉴定结构。结果　从蒺藜果实中分得2个新甾体皂苷,经光谱鉴定化合物I为新海柯皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基 (1→2 )-β-D-吡喃葡糖基 (1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷,化合物II为新海柯皂苷元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基 (1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷。结论　化合物I和II为新化合物,分别命名为蒺藜皂苷A和B。     

KB-R7943对豚鼠心室肌细胞Na+-Ca2+交换电流的作用

目的　观察KB-R7943对豚鼠心室肌细胞Na⁺-Ca²⁺交换电流(I_Na-Ca)的内向电流成分和外向电流成分的影响。方法　采用缺血再灌时胞内Na⁺超载的细胞模型,在同时记录内向、外向电流的双向离子条件下,用膜片钳全细胞技术,记录I_Na-Ca的电流-电压关系曲线。结果　10^-6和10^-5mol·L^-1KB-R7943,在+50mV时,对I_Na-Ca的抑制率分别是29.4%和61.7%;在-80mV时抑制率分别是22.1%和56.9%。结论　KB-R7943对豚鼠心室肌细胞I_Na-Ca有抑制作用,但对外向成分和内向成分的抑制不具选择性。     

黄芪饮片中4个异黄酮类成分的含量测定

摘 要 目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定黄芪饮片中4个异黄酮成分的含量方法。方法: 色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax SB-C₁₈(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) ,流动相为乙腈-水梯度洗脱,流速1.0 ml·min^-1,检测波长为260 nm, 柱温30℃,进样量10 μl。结果:毛蕊异黄酮-7-葡萄糖苷、芒柄花苷、毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花素分别在4.42～442 μg·ml^-1、2.06～206 μg·ml^-1、3.36～336 μg·ml^-1、4.60～460 μg·ml^-1浓度范围内与各自峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率分别为99.4%(RSD=5.34%)、94.8%(RSD=2.39%)、98.9%(RSD=3.69%)、102.3%(RSD=3.01%)(n=9)。结论:本方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于黄芪饮片的质量控制。     

The Effect of Water Stress on Growth and Solasodine Content in Solanum khasianum

The effect of water stress on growth and development of SOLANUM KHASIANUM (Clarke) and on the solasodine content of its fruits, was studied under mild (field experiment) and severe (pot experiment) conditions. Under field conditions, vegetative development was inhibited but fruit production or yield were not affected and fruit maturity was enhanced considerably. Solasodine content was not affected and yield per plant remained the same with and without irrigation. Under conditions of severe water stress, fruit production and yield were affected as well as vegetative development. An increase in solasodine content per dry weight was observed, however, solasodine yield per plant was lower as a result of loss in fruit yield. Under conditions of extreme water stress, more negative water and osmotic potentials were developed and turgor was maintained in the leaves.     

Stilbene compounds: from the grapevine to wine.

Stilbenes are natural compounds occurring in a number of plant families, including Vitaceae and (within this family) Vitis vinifera L., which is the most important species grown worldwide for grape and wine production. Stilbenes (resveratrol and viniferins) are present in grapevine as constitutive compounds of the woody organs (roots, canes, stems) and as induced substances (in leaves and fruit) acting as phytoalexins in the mechanisms of grape resistance against certain pathogens. Resveratrol (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxystilbene) was also detected in wine and it was thought to be the active principle of red wines that were shown to reduce heart diseases. This paper reviews data, obtained by the Viticulture Institute of the Catholic University at Piacenza and taken from the literature, on some aspects of stilbene physiology in grapevine and on their relation to resveratrol wine levels. Constitutive stilbene contents of woody organs are reported, as well as the possible role of cluster stems as a source of resveratrol for wine. The accumulation of stilbenes in grape berries infected by grey mould (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) has been investigated and the effects of environmental factors on resveratrol grape and wine levels will be discussed. An unidentified new hydroxystilbene was detected in wine.     

A celebration of wine: wine IS medicine

Wine describes a diverse commodity class composed of the yeast fermentation products of the must, or juice, pressed from grapes, the fruit of genus Vitis, but both in animal and human studies, wine demonstrates beneficial properties that are independent from the presence of alcohol. These benefits for health are mostly associated with polyphenols, and are absorbable from wine but poorly from unfermented grape juice. Dealcoholised wine is providing all the benefits without the toxicity, and is very affordable; improvements in the organoleptic quality of dealcoholised wine(s) as well as massive distribution are current challenges.     

甘薯产量形成动态及蛋白质的分配与积累

根据甘薯产量性状形成动态,将全生长过程分为3个时期:前期为植后60d内,中期为60～90d,后期为90～150d。干、鲜蔓重,中期达最大值,以后下降;干、鲜薯重,前期增长慢,中、后期增长快;生物总产量,受薯重影响大,后期增长较快;薯块烘干率、淀粉率,均以中期增长快,并现峰值;薯块可溶性糖的含量和产量,主要在后期递增。 全生长期内,甘薯各器官蛋白质含量的高低顺序:叶片>吸收根>叶柄>地上茎>块根。各器官蛋白质含量,均以植后30d起呈递减。蛋白质分配主流,随生长期进展,从地上部逐渐转向地下部(块根)。蛋白质积累产量,前期直线上升,中期相对稳定,后期缓升,块根蛋白质积累产量与块根干物率和干、鲜薯重,呈极显著正相关。     

Optimization of the extraction of antioxidant compounds from grape seed from winemaking waste

An experimental design was conducted to optimize the extraction of grape seed polyphenols from the vinification residues of Merlot. A screening procedure was developed with three criteria (amount of organic solvent (25–75%), amount of seed (0.5–1.5 g), and extraction time (15–45 min)), two levels, and three central points, totaling 11 experiments, with seven critical attributes (total antioxidant capacity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate], ferric reducing antioxidant power, and total phenols, flavonoids, and catechins), where the most appropriate levels were chosen to optimize extraction using the central compound design. The optimum conditions identified for extracting Merlot grape seed polyphenols were 33% grain alcohol, 1.7 g grape seed, and 15 min of extraction. These factors enabled extraction with a minimum of organic solvent and time, thereby maximizing the sample's antioxidant activity, while contributing to the reduction of the environmental impacts caused by wine production.     

Comparison of Antioxidant Potentials of Red Wine,White Wine,Grape Juice and Alcohol

Summary

Antioxidant potential (AOP) and non-enzymatic superoxide radical scavenger activity (NSSA) values of red wine, white wine, grape juice and ethyl alcohol were assessed and values were compared. The effects of these beverages on serum AOP and NSSA values were also measured in vitro.

Red wine, white wine and grape juice exert strong antioxidant activity in similar degrees and all produce significant effects on serum AOP and NSSA values. However, ethyl alcohol does not have either AOP or NSSA, nor does it have an effect on serum AOP or NSSA values. AOP values (nrnol/mlh) of red wine, white wine and grape juice were 20.8 k 4.2,23.2 k 4.0 and 24.6 f 4.8, respectively. NSSA values (U/ml) of red wine, white wine and grape juice were 30.4 f 6.8, 26.8 k 5.6 and 32.6 f 5.8, respectively. There were no statistically meaningful differences between AOP and NSSA values of the groups (p > 0.05 for all).

Results suggest that red wine, white wine and grape juice all have high antioxidant potential to protect cellular structures against peroxidation reactions owing to their rich phenolic contents.     

Phenolic content and antioxidant activities of white and purple juices manufactured with organically- or conventionally-produced grapes

Although the beneficial effects of moderate wine intake are well-known, data on antioxidant capacity of grape juices are scarce and controversial. The purpose of this study was to quantify total polyphenols, anthocyanins, resveratrol, catechin, epicatechin, procyanidins, and ascorbic acid contents in grape juices, and to assess their possible antioxidant activity. Eight Vitis labrusca juices – white or purple, from organically- or conventionally-grown grapes, and obtained in pilot or commercial scale – were used. Organic grape juices showed statistically different (p < 0.05) higher values of total polyphenols and resveratrol as compared conventional grape juices. Purple juices presented higher total polyphenol content and in vitro antioxidant activity as compared to white juices, and this activity was positively correlated (r = 0.680; p < 0.01) with total polyphenol content. These results indicate that white and purple grape juices can be used as antioxidants and nutritional sources.     

污灌水中的铁对土壤性质和水稻生长的影响

以污灌水形式带入农田的铁对水稻影响的研究报道尚少。本文通过水稻盆栽试验,研究不同浓度的含铁污水对土壤pH值、水溶性及交换性亚铁含量和水稻植株含铁量、生长状况及产量的影响。结果表明,在两造的时间内,当污灌水含铁1000ppm以上时减产显著,污灌水含铁600～800ppm时有减产的趋势,污灌水含铁600ppm以下时对产量没有显著影响。水稻亚铁中毒时从老叶叶鞘中部开始发病。晚造糙米含铁量为早造的4～9倍。     

Comparison of antioxidant potentials of red wine, white wine, grape juice and alcohol

Antioxidant potential (AOP) and non-enzymatic superoxide radical scavenger activity (NSSA) values of red wine, white wine, grape juice and ethyl alcohol were assessed and values were compared. The effects of these beverages on serum AOP and NSSA values were also measured in vitro. Red wine, white wine and grape juice exert strong antioxidant activity in similar degrees and all produce significant effects on serum AOP and NSSA values. However, ethyl alcohol does not have either AOP or NSSA, nor does it have an effect on serum AOP or NSSA values. AOP values (nmol/ml h) of red wine, white wine and grape juice were 20.8 +/- 4.2, 23.2 +/- 4.0 and 24.6 +/- 4.8, respectively. NSSA values (U/ml) of red wine, white wine and grape juice were 30.4 +/- 6.8, 26.8 +/- 5.6 and 32.6 +/- 5.8, respectively. There were no statistically meaningful differences between AOP and NSSA values of the groups (p > 0.05 for all). Results suggest that red wine, white wine and grape juice all have high antioxidant potential to protect cellular structures against peroxidation reaction owing to their rich phenolic contents.     

模拟降雨条件下谷子和冬小麦植株对降雨再分配过程的影响

以谷子（Setaria italica）、冬小麦（Triticum aestivum Linn.）为研究对象，利用人工模拟降雨测定了不同降雨强度和生长阶段两种作物植株的穿透雨，采用人工喷雾法测定了不同生长阶段的冠层截留，根据水量平衡法计算了不同观测阶段的茎秆流。结果表明：谷子、冬小麦冠层对降雨的再分配作用显著，谷子冠下穿透雨率平均约为79%，茎秆流率平均约为20%，冠层截留率平均约占1%；冬小麦冠下穿透雨率平均约为79%，茎秆流率平均约为19%，冠层截留率平均约占2%。在其全生育期内，两种作物冠下穿透雨与茎秆流呈彼此消长趋势。穿透雨量和茎秆流量与降雨强度呈显著正相关关系，但是穿透雨率和茎秆流率与降雨强度的关系不显著。茎秆流量和冠层截留量及其二者占总降雨量的比率均与作物叶面积指数呈显著正相关关系，但穿透雨量及穿透雨率随叶面积指数增加呈显著下降趋势。