粘弹补充治疗TMJ不可复性关节盘前移位的临床研究

目的：评价粘弹补充治疗TMJ不可复性关节盘前移位的临床效果。方法：用透明质酸纳对43例不可复性关节盘前移位患者行TMJ上腔粘弹补充治疗术,在治疗的同时配合被动张口训练。治疗后随访记录患者疼痛、张口度等相关情况。将TMJ上腔粘弹补充治疗术前、术后不同时期的疼痛指数、下颌侧向运动度、最大开口度进行统计分析。结果：治疗后不同时期的下颌运动度均较治疗前有显著增加（P〈0.05）,特别在治疗后1个月内增加明显,疼痛亦有显著缓解（P〈0.05）。结论：TMJ上腔粘弹补充治疗术能改善不可复关节盘前移位患者的张口度,能有效地减缓疼痛,有效改善下颌健侧侧向运动度,粘弹补充治疗术疗效确切,副作用少,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法,具有较好的临床应用推广价值。     

颞下颌关节灌洗术与扩张术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的对比研究

目的采用颞下颌关节上腔灌洗术与扩张术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位,通过对比评价两种方法的临床疗效。方法收集62例不可复性关节盘前移位引起张口受限的患者,分成两组,其中一组31例行关节上腔灌洗治疗;另一组31例行关节上腔扩张术,分析两组治疗前与治疗后1月患者张口度与疼痛值的变化情况并对其结果进行处理。结果两组患者治疗后的张口度与疼痛均较治疗前有显著改善,治疗后1个月,灌洗组患者的平均张口度增加11～34mm,达正常水平;扩张组的平均张口度增加6～29mm,仍处在张口受限的水平。两组患者张口度的改善有显著差异(P<0.01)。疼痛的改善在两组患者之间无显著差异。结论颞下颌关节灌洗术与扩张术均能改善不可复关节盘前移位患者的张口度,缓解疼痛。灌洗术的疗效较扩张术的疗效显著,不可复性关节盘前移位患者的治疗可遵循由简单到复杂,由创伤小到创伤大的顺序治疗方法。     

应用颞颌关节镜治疗颞颌关节盘前移位的临床研究

目的：探讨颞颌关节镜治疗颞颌关节不可复性盘前移位的临床应用效果。方法：对98例颞颌关节不可复性盘前移位患者分别采用颞颌关节镜进行关节盘前松解复位灌洗、关节上腔粘连松解灌洗、单纯关节上腔灌洗等治疗方法,通过观察疼痛程度、张口度及侧向运动度的改变,评价其临床疗效。结果：灌洗治疗后患者张口度、侧向运动度和疼痛程度较治疗前均明显改善。关节盘前松解复位灌洗组和粘连松解灌洗组治疗后疼痛减少值、张口度及侧向运动度增加值明显高于单纯灌洗组。关节盘前松解复位灌洗组在张口度增加值及疼痛减少值的改变优于粘连松解灌洗组。结论：关节上腔灌洗可以作为颞颌关节内紊乱疾病的有效治疗方法,而针对不可复性盘前移位的患者,颞颌关节镜下关节盘前松解复位灌洗治疗则具有更好的疗效。     

颞颌关节上腔灌洗术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的临床研究

目的：评价颞下颌关节穿刺灌洗术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的临床疗效。方法：关节上腔灌洗术治疗30例因不可复性关节盘前移位而引起张口受限的患者。结果：张口受限病程在6个月之内，关节冲洗疗效显著。结论：关节上腔灌洗术所需器械价廉易得，操作简单，疗效显著，在我国目前关节镜的普及率较低的情况下，具有较好的临床应用价值。     

颞下颌关节灌洗术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的临床研究

目的 评价颞下颌关节上腔灌洗术治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的临床疗效。方法 ３８例因不可复性关节盘多位引起张口受限的患者行关节上腔灌洗治疗,分析治疗不同时期患者的疼痛值、下颌运动度变化,通过关节造影判定治疗前后关节盘位置的变化。结果 治疗后不同时期的下颌运动均较治疗前的显著增加（Ｐ〈０．００１）,特别在治疗后１个月内增加明显,疼痛亦有显著缓解（Ｐ〈０．０１）。关节造影显示仅有２患者的关节盘部分复位。结     

关节镜上腔灌洗术治疗中老年颞下颌关节紊乱病的临床研究

目的：评价应用颞下颌关节镜上腔灌洗术治疗临床表现为张口受限合并关节区疼痛的中老年颞颌关节紊乱病患者的临床疗效。方法：对保守治疗无效的16例颞下颌关节紊乱病引起张口受限合并关节疼痛的中老年患者,行颞下颌关节镜上腔灌洗术,分析治疗前后不同时期患者的疼痛值（疼痛直观模拟标尺VAS）、张口度和健侧侧向运动度变化,并通过MRI检测治疗前后关节盘位置的变化。结果：治疗后张口度35mm、健侧侧向运动≥6mm的患者占87．5％（14／16）,不同时期的张口度均较治疗前有显著差异（P〈0．001）,特别在治疗后1个月内增加明显,疼痛亦有显著缓解（P〈0．001）,无并发症的发生。MRI显示,有1例患者的关节盘部分复位。结论：颞下颌关节内窥镜下的上腔灌洗术直视下操作准确,能有效治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的患者,明显改善张口度和缓解疼痛。颞下颌关节镜治疗技术安全有效,有临床应用价值。     

张口位MRI动态研究在诊断颞下颌关节盘前移位中的应用

目的：探讨颞下颌关节张口位磁共振动态成像在颞下颌关节盘前移位中的诊断价值。方法：对30例有颞下颌关节疼痛或弹响MRI患者60侧颞下颌关节行常规MRI静态扫描,并用快速自旋回波扫描获得开口度为0．5cm的图像,依次进行到患者达到最大开口位。然后采用模拟动态观察。分别由两名专科医师对动态扫描和常规静态扫描时关节盘移位进行诊断,并比较诊断结果。结果：静态MRI检查中关节盘可复性前移位21侧,关节盘不可复性前移位18侧,关节盘侧向移位2例,位置正常19例。动态MRI检查中关节盘可复性前移位23侧,关节盘不可复性前移位19侧,位置正常18例。结论：张口位动态MRI联合静态MRI观察对髁突、关节盘运动功能的评价非常重要,对区别可复性与不可复性关节盘前移位具有重要作用。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病磁共振诊断的研究

目的:研究MRI对颞下颌紊乱病诊断的准确性和可信性.方法:利用MRI对19例单侧关节疼痛颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)患者38侧关节完成开闭口斜矢状位T1和T2加权成像,观察盘突关系、盘形态改变及关节腔内积液情况.利用关节镜诊断为金标准判定MRI诊断的准确率.同期行灌洗术治疗,分析治疗前后不同时期患者的疼痛值(疼痛直观模拟标尺VAS)变化.结果:MRI检查结果显示在患侧89.47%(17/19)显示不可复性关节盘移位,10.53%(2/19)显示可复性关节盘移位,47.37%(9/19)关节上腔前隐窝出现积液.在健侧15.79%(3/19)显示可复性关节盘移位,无不可复性关节盘移位和腔内积液出现.通过关节镜手术对患侧进行检查,关节盘移位在MRI片上均得到证实,MRI检查的准确率为100%,灌洗术后疼痛100%有显著缓解(P<0.001).结论:颞下颌关节紊乱病与关节盘移位和腔内积液密切相关,通过MRI检查可以准确有效的对颞下颌紊乱病进行诊断,灌洗术对关节疼痛治疗效果显著.     

关节灌洗加透明酸治疗不可复性关节盘前移位

目的 探讨颞颌关节不可复性盘前移引起的严重张口受限的非手术疗法。方法 对59例不可复性盘前移（包括36例旋转移位）的张口受限患者，行多次关节灌洗，配合木楔被动张口训练，透明质酸腔注射治疗。结果 经3次治疗后颞颌关节活动度明显增大（P＜0．01）。基于无痛，无并发症。关节造影显示：仅3例关节盘部位复位。结论 该法操作简单，可反复进行，是治疗不可复性盘前移（包括旋转部位）引起张口受限的有效方法。     

关节灌洗和透明质酸钠治疗不可复性关节盘前移位的疗效比较

目的探讨关节灌洗和透明质酸钠治疗不同病程的颞下颌关节(TMJ)不可复性关节盘前移位的临床效果。方法选择2006年10月至2009年3月TMJ不可复性关节盘前移位126例(138侧关节)进行关节灌洗和透明质酸腔内注射治疗,按发病病程分为三组:6个月以内组36例;6～12个月组42例;12个月以上组48例。随访12～36个月(平均26个月),并对三种方法的疗效进行比较。结果三组总有效率为88.9%(112/126)。其中6个月以内组术后张口度平均增加(8.2±3.4)mm,健侧侧向运动增加(4.8±1.4)mm,91.7%(33/36)患者疼痛明显缓解,有效率为94.4%(34/36)。6～12个月组张口度平均增加(8.0±3.2)mm,健侧侧向运动增加(4.4±1.5)mm,90.5%(38/42)患者疼痛明显缓解,有效率为92.9%(38/42)。12个月以上组术后张口度平均增加(7.1±4.1)mm,健侧侧向运动增加(3.5±2.4)mm,81.3%(39/48)患者疼痛明显缓解,有效率为83.3%(40/48)。三组比较,张口度、侧向运动改善、疼痛缓解及有效率,6个月以内组和6～12个月组均优于12个月以上组(P<0.05),而6个月以内组和6～12个月组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论关节灌洗术和透明质酸钠治疗不可复性关节盘前移位是有效的治疗方法,发病在12个月以内治疗效果明显优于12个月以上。因此,早期治疗有助于提高疗效。     

Arthroscopic lavage and lysis of the temporomandibular joint: a change in perspective

Arthroscopic surgery was applied to correct various disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Lysis and lavage of the upper TMJ compartment proved of value in patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction ("closed lock"), because it increased the range of mouth motion and alleviated pain in the TMJ. Because this beneficial arthroscopic intervention did not encompass repositioning the disc, its surgical relocation when attempting to overcome dysfunction and pain in the TMJ is questioned.     

Pre- and posttreatment analysis of clinical symptoms of patients with temporomandibular disorders.

OBJECTIVE: This study treated patients with temporomandibular disc displacement with reduction (with pain, limited mandibular movement, and clicking sound symptoms) using a combination of analgesics, injection, mandibular exercise, and occlusal splints. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Twenty-five patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders were evaluated for pretreatment complaints and clinical findings, such as TMJ sounds, mandibular deviation, limited mouth opening, and bilateral magnetic resonance imaging results. Diagnostic treatment was then planned; all patients received occlusal splints, and 10 patients received injections. RESULTS: Evaluations were conducted 1 year after the initial diagnosis and treatment. Complaints (especially of pain) by the patients who received injections had reduced significantly. After 6 months of occlusal splinting, clinical findings of patients with TMJ disc displacement had greatly improved. To manage parafunctional habits of the patients, night plate usage was continued. Therefore, clinical symptom reduction was maintained. CONCLUSION: The use of mandibular manipulation technique can decrease the anterior disc displacement of the TMJ.     

急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移患者手法复位结合综合物理疗法的近期疗效观察

目的: 观察手法复位结合综合物理疗法治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移患者的近期临床疗效。方法: 总结我院康复医学科门诊自2017年1月—2017年12月收治的急性开口受限（病程在2个月以内）且经MRI证实颞下颌关节盘不可复性关节盘前移40例患者（男4例,女36例）的临床资料。治疗首先施予健康教育、物理因子治疗（超短波治疗、超声治疗、激光治疗）,随后予手法复位,即刻配戴硬质热塑再定位垫,同时进行运动疗法（软管盘复位训练、关节稳定性训练和颈椎姿势训练）。每周5次,连续治疗2周。所有患者均于治疗前和治疗后采用最大主动开口度（mm）、视觉类比评分（visual analogue pain score,VAS）（0~10分）、下颌功能损害问卷评分（mandibular function impairment questionnaire,MFIQ）进行疗效评估。治疗结束后MRI复查盘-髁关系。采用SPSS22.0软件包对数据进行配对t检验和Wilcoxon符号秩检验。结果: 治疗结束后即刻,最大主动开口度从（24.5±6.4）mm 增加到（40.1±4.4）mm,开口末VAS从2（0,3）分下降到0（0,0）分,咀嚼VAS从1（0,3）分下降到0（0,0）分,下颌功能损害问卷评分从（25.0±6.5）分下降到（12.3±6.4）分,均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。静息VAS 从0（0,0）分下降到0（0,0）分,无统计学差异（P>0.05）。40例患者在治疗结束后平均（3.6±3.1）周MRI 显示正常盘-髁关系23例（占 57%）,可复性关节盘前移位9例（占23%）,不可复性盘前移位 8例（20%）。结论: 手法复位结合综合物理疗法治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移可以即刻增加开口度,缓解疼痛,改善TMJ功能,并对维持正常盘-髁关系有一定作用。     

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of temporomandibular joint disorders

Fifty-eight temporomandibular joints (TMJs) from 40 patients with TMJ-related symptoms were examined by means of magnetic resonance scans with modified gradient echo sequences and a special double coil. This technique yielded a good spatial resolution of the intra-articular soft tissues, especially the articular disc and the bone structure of the TMJ. In combination with an incremental jaw opener, the disc-condyle complex was analysed in various closed and open mouth positions, depending on the clinical examination. Open mouth movement with differentiation of disc-condyle rotational and translation movement was demonstrated. Disturbances of TMJ motion showed interrupted condylar translation combined with mandibular deviation during open mouth movement (n = 8/58). Early phases of internal derangement of the TMJ with partial anterior disc displacement with (n = 12/58) or without (n = 2/58) reduction, total anterior disc displacement without reduction (n = 10/58), disc deformation (n = 10/58), disc adhesion (n = 2/58), condylar hypermobility (n = 6/58), condylar displacement (n = 8/58), and late phases of internal derangement of the TMJ with osteoarthrosis (n = 14/58) were clearly identified. Bilateral TMJ disorder was found in 72.5 per cent of the patients. By using motion-adapted, semi-dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it is possible to improve the understanding of the complexity of TMJ movements.     

JOINT DISORDER: NONREDUCING DISC DISPLACEMENT WITH MOUTH OPENING LIMITATION – REPORT OF A CASE

The internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) represents 8% of all cases of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) posing difficulties to establish an accurate diagnosis and treatment because of its low prevalence. This article presents the case of an 18-year-old Caucasian female patient who came to our Orofacial Pain and TMD Outpatient Service with complaints of intense pain on the right TMJ and limitation of mouth opening (maximum interincisal opening of 29 mm) with deviation to right, which she had been experiencing for the past 3 years. After a detailed clinical interview, a diagnosis hypothesis of nonreducing disc displacement with mouth opening limitation was established. The proposed treatment consisted of intra-joint infiltration with anesthetic in the right TMJ followed by jaw manipulation to recapture the articular disc, which was impeding the complete translation movement of the affected TMJ. After jaw manipulation, a new evaluation was done and showed the re-establishment of jaw dynamics with mouth opening and closing without deviation to the right side, clicking, opening limitation or pain. The patient was followed up at 6 months intervals. Two years after treatment, the patient was reevaluated and her mandibular range of motion without aid increased to 54 mm with no clicking, deviation to right, trismus or pain on the TMJ, indicating success of the treatment approach without recurrence of the pathology.     

手法复位联合Twin-Block咬合板治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位的临床效果评价

目的探讨手法复位联合Twin-Block咬合板治疗急性颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位（ADDWoR）的预后及效果。 方法2020年6月至2021年6月,对就诊于广州医科大学附属口腔医院颞下颌关节科的52例急性颞下颌关节ADDWoR患者进行手法复位及佩戴Twin-Block咬合板治疗。记录治疗前及治疗6个月后张口度、疼痛状态视觉模拟评分（VAS）和Fricton指数、影像学检查,使用配对t检验对比治疗前、后的数据评价治疗效果。 结果全部52例患者中有4例治疗失败。48例患者治疗6个月后张口度为（44.1 ± 3.3）mm,与治疗前的（25.2 ± 2.2）mm相比差异具有统计学意义（t = 30.934,P<0.001）;治疗6个月后VAS评分（0.15 ± 0.41）与治疗前（2.02 ± 0.67）差异具有统计学意义（t = 15.931,P<0.001）;治疗后6个月关节功能障碍指数（0.06 ± 0.07）较治疗前（0.37 ± 0.04）有显著降低,差异有统计学意义（t = 36.544,P<0.001）,治疗后6个月颞下颌关节紊乱指数（0.04 ± 0.03）较治疗前（0.21 ± 0.03）降低,差异有统计学意义（t = 31.435,P<0.001）;磁共振成像（MRI）检查结果显示,盘-髁关系恢复正常者5例、可复性前移位27例、ADDWoR不伴张口受限16例。 结论手法复位联合Twin-Blcok咬合板治疗急性颞下颌关节ADDWoR能较好改善患者张口度、缓解疼痛症状和恢复颞下颌关节的功能。     

Mandibular manipulation of anterior disc displacement without reduction.

The history and clinical symptoms of anterior temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction are characteristic, and include limitation of mandibular movement and mandibular deviation on opening of the mouth. Twelve consecutive patients attending a clinic with such symptoms were treated by mandibular manipulation. An immediate increase in the range of mandibular movement was obtained for all patients, with a mean increase in interincisal opening of 8 mm. The method of manipulation is described, and the implications of the results for the treatment of TMJ patients are discussed.