Intravenous preemptive analgesia modifies the distribution of lymphocyte subsets after radical mastectomy

Objective： In this study, we evaluated the effect of preemptive analgesia of flurbiprofen axetil （FA） and tramadol on immune response in patients undergoing radical mastectomy. Methods： In this prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 80 patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups （n = 20）. The FA group （group A） patients received FA before tracheal intubation and at the end of surgery. The tramadol group （group B） patients received tramadol before tracheal intubation and at the end of surgery. The control group （group C） patients received saline before tracheal intubation and at the end of surgery. The combination group （group D） patients received FA and tramadol before tracheal intubation and at the end of surgery. Cluster of differentiation and lymphocytes were measured. Results： The CD3, CD4, CD8 and lymphocytes decreased postoperatively of all groups except of group A and D at 0.5 h postoperatively （P 〈 0.05）. The CD3, CD4, CD8 and lymphocytes of group D were higher than those of group C at 0.5 h and 4 h postoperatively （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Preemptive analgesia using flurbiprofen axetil （FA） and tramadol may protect the immune system. The immune protective effect of FA may be better than that of tramadol. The combination of FA and tramadol may be the most effective among all the strategies.     

Relationship between prognosis and angiogenesis,lymphangiogenesis, proliferative cell distribution in gastric cancer

Objective： We investigated the relationship between lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis and cell proliferation in gastric cancer. Methods： We observed the central cancer tissues and the peritumoral tissues of 75 patients with gastric carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Using D2-40, VEGFR-C and VEGFR-3 detected the microlymphatic density （MLD）, CD34 and CD31 detected the microvessel density （MVD）. The proliferation of the cells was labeled by Ki-67. Results： There were a few atresic streak lymphatic vessels in the central cancer tissues, but in the peritumoral tissues lymphatic increased and dilated, it appears adenoid structure. LMVD in the gastric central area （33.7 ± 14.7） decreased significantly than in the peripheral zone （61.8 ± 22.6; P 〈 0.01）. The differences in the distribution and amount of microvessels were similar to lymphatic vessels. The central area of gastric cancer has a small amount of the distribution of focal Ki-67 positive tumor cells, while around the central area there were a large number of Ki-67 positive tumor cells, especially in one low power field （× 10）. Gastric central area of the Ki-67 positive cells in gastric central area （49.5%） were significant decreasing than in the cancer peripheral zone （73.2%; P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The mainly distribution of the neonatal lymphatic vessels, blood vessels and Ki-67 positive carcinoma in gastric cancer is anterior border of carcinoma tissues, especially in one low power field （x 10）. The MLD, MVD and Ki-67 positive carcinoma might be an important index for the prognosis of gastric carcinoma. The more lymphatic microvessel, microvessel and Ki-67 positive carcinoma in the peritumoral tissues, the poorer prognosis, vice versa.     

The impact of Deta-elemene on Deta-tuDulJn of human hepatoma hepg2 cells

Objective： The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of beta-elemene injection on the growth and beta-tubulin of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. Methods： Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry （FCM）. The mRNA expression of beta-tubulin was measured by RT-PCR. West- ern blot analysis was used to determine protein expression of beta-tubulin and the polymerization of beta-tubulin. Results： Beta-elemene injection inhibited HepG2 cells proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner; FCM analysis indicated beta-elemene injection induced cell cycle arrested at S phase. RT-PCR and western-blot analysis showed that beta-elemene injection down-regulated beta-tubulin expression at both mRNA and protein levels, presenting a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, beta-elemene injection reduced the polymerization of microtubules in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion： Beta-elemene injection can inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma HepG2 cells, the mechanism might be partly related to the down-regulation of beta -tubulin and inhibition of microtubular polymerization.     

Experience of implanting fiducial markers for 504 cases with body malignant solid tumors

Objective： The purpose of the study is to investigate the technical points, effects and complications of fiducial marker implantation within target areas before the CyberKnife treatment on body malignant solid tumors. Methods： Five hundred and four cases of patients with body malignant solid tumors accepted fiducial implantation within target areas under CT guidance before the treatment of CyberKnife. Observe the complications and effect. Results： Among the 504 cases, 500 cases successfully accepted the implantation （a success rate of 99.2%）. 158 patients felt pain at the punctured sites and 3 patients had tachycardia. 33 patients had abdominal pain after the surgery due to a small amount of bleeding in the needle passage during liver puncturing process. Among the 19 lung cancer patients who accepted lung paracentesis, 1 case had light pneumothorax and 1 case got light haemothorax. Among the 453 patients who accepted liver paracentesis, 6 had fiducial migration. Conclusion： The method of fiducial implantation within target areas before treating body malignant solid tumor with CyberKnife is minimally invasive and comparatively secure.     

Clinical progression of Iobaplatin in combination chemotherapy for patients with recurrence or metastatic cancer

The platinum-based combination chemotherapy has become one of the major modalities in anti-cancer treatment. After the first-line chemotherapy, many patients need further chemotherapy because of recurrence or metastasis. Lobaplatin is one of the third generation platinum drugs,and this article briefly reviews the clinical progression of Iobaplatin in combination chemotherapy for patients with recurrence or metastatic cancer.