甲亢患者心阻抗血流图表现

用国产ZK—2型阻抗血流图仪描记观测了32例甲亢患者各有关心脏指数.并与健康成人110例作对照.发现PEP、VET缩短,CO、CI增加,但SV却略低于正常;对C波出现双峰的原理提出质疑。     

心阻抗血流图自动化处理的研究和临床应用

<正> 近十余年,无创伤性心功能检测技术取得了很大的进展,心阻抗血流图(ICG)即其中之一。ICG 的主要研究是从 Kubicek提出心阻抗血流图的微分和每搏量公式开始的。以后,Penhey 从理论上对 Kubicek 公式进行了阐明 Sramek 等对 Knbicek 公式进行了修正,Berstein 等提出新的每搏量公式,国内况明星等提出心阻抗图的园台园柱体组合模型理论以及与 Kubicek 公式不同的非线     

41例老年冠心病患者心阻抗图分析

心阻抗血流图是常用的无创伤心血管功能检测法，它能反映心脏泵血状态，心肌收缩图片心室顺应性等，有可重复性的优点，冠心病患者可根据其异常指标的多少，数值的大小判断心功能受损程度。笔者对来院检查的两组不同人群的心阻抗图检测结果进行分析，并就微分波的临床意义作进一步探讨。     

老年人肾阻抗血流图初步分析

<正> 阻抗血流图(简称血流图)可用以记录脑、心、肺、肢、肾等部位的搏动性供血情况,作者应用XLJ—71—2型晶体管血流图仪接入心电图机进行描记对20例60岁以上老年人进行肾血流图的测记,并与24例青年人对照分析,检查结果报告如下: 一、一般资料本组20例老年人,男性13例,女性7例,年龄在60～68岁之间,平均62.5岁,对照的青年组男性17例,女性7例,年龄在20～30岁之间,平均26岁,测定前已作有关检查排除高血压、冠心病、肾脏及其血管疾病,检查时通过高频电流测两个电极间的肾电阻抗变化,联接心电图机,分左右两侧肾记录,电极采用镀银方形板。电极位置:右肾取第一腰     

不同年龄的糖尿病患者心阻抗血流图的临床意义

糖尿病(DM)是由遗传和环境因素相互作用而引起的一组代谢异常综合征.长期糖尿病可引起多个系统器官的慢性并发症,导致功能障碍和衰竭[1].在众多的并发症中,心血管疾病最为常见[2].2型糖尿病好发于中老年人[1],但随着人们生活方式与膳食结构的改变,我国2型糖尿病发病率逐年递增并呈现年轻化趋势.根据世界卫生组织(WHO)关于年龄划分的最新标准,认为小于44岁为青年[3].我们采用无创性心功能检测方法-心阻抗法[4]测定了青年糖尿病和非青年糖尿病患者的心脏功能,旨在探讨不同年龄DM患者的心功能特点.     

慢性肝炎及肝硬化患者肺阻抗血流图的临床意义

目的：探讨肺阻抗血流图（IPR）监测慢性肝火、肝硬化患者肺血管动态容积变化的临床意义。方法：选择32例慢性肝炎及肝硬化患者,分别测定其IPR及手指血氧饱和度（SaO2)。结果：32例患者和50例健康人两组之间IPR各主要参数差异有显著意义（P＜0．01）。提法慢性肝炎及肝硬化患者血肺血管弹性减低,肺血管顺应性减低,肺循环外周阻力增加。而慢性肝炎和肝硬化患者两组之间IPR各主要参数差异无显著意义（P＞0．05）。32例患者和50例健康人两组之间SaO2差异有显著意义（P＜0．01）。结论：IPR可以在一定程度上反映慢性肝炎及肝硬化患者的肺血管容积动态变化。     

高血压患者重建心阻抗容积图的临床观察

目的：运用重建心阻抗容积图测定高血压病患者心脏收缩功能和血管功能。方法：检测正常对照组（n=50）和高血压患者（n=45）的重建心阻抗容积图，用重建非线性公式计算每分心排血量（CO）、心排血指数（CI）、左室作功指数（CWI）、左室射血分数（LEF）、左室收缩力指数（LHI）、总外周阻力（TRP）、主动脉顺应性（AC）。结果：高血压病观察组用重建阻抗法的测量的CI、CWI、LEF、LHI、TRP、AC均较正常对照组有显著差异。结论：重建阻抗法能够反映高血压病患者的心脏收缩功能和血管功能的变化。     

心阻抗图波形重建的初步探讨

2 0 0 1年作者设想用阻抗波形重建来解决从胸部体表的混合阻抗信号中获得左心室、右心室及胸部各大血管本身的阻抗化。经过一年多研究 ,提出了较为可行的数学模型和测量方法 ,研制了一台心阻抗波形重建的实验装置。     

脑阻抗血流图与中风预报120例对比分析

本文观察了120例缺血性脑血管病人的脑阻抗血流图改变,并与我院开展的“对缺血性脑血管病的预报研究(简称中风预报)的监察资料加以对比分析。结果示:中风预报值越高,脑阻抗血流图结果异常改变者所占比例越大。     

第八届电生物阻抗国际会议心肺阻抗图论文简介

第八届电生物阻抗国际会议心肺阻抗图论文简介顾菊康（上海市第一人民医院上海２０００８０）ＡＢｒｉｅｆＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｔｏＡｒｔｉｃａｌｓｏｆＩｍｐｅｄａｎｃｅＣａｒｄｉｏｇｒａｍ＆ＩｍｐｅｄａｎｃｅＰｎｅｕｍｏｇｒａｍｉｎＴｈｅ８ｔｈＩＣＥＢＩ...     

心阻抗图检测舒张期主动脉向外周供血量的初步探讨

目的探讨心舒张期主动脉向外周的供血量。方法基于心阻抗图非线性理论，导出舒张期流向外周的供血量（Ｖｄ）、流量（ＦＱ）、流量指数（ＦＱＩ）的计算公式，分别测量心衰组（ｎ＝５２）和正常对照组（ｎ＝５０）的Ｖｄ、ＦＱ、ＦＱＩ。结果心衰组的Ｖｄ、ＦＱ、ＦＱＩ非常显著地低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），但收缩期向外周的供血量下降不多。结论患者心输出量的减少，对收缩期向外周的供血量影响不大，而主要表现为舒张期向外周供血的减少。     

心内膜弹力纤维增生症的超声心动图诊断分析

目的探讨心内膜弹力纤维增生症(EFE)的超声心动图诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2008-03-2010-03在北京儿童医院住院确诊的65例EFE患儿的超声心动图表现及特点。结果 65例患儿均出现心脏增大、左室心内膜弥漫性增厚、左室收缩及舒张功能指标减低,59例存在不同程度的二尖瓣反流。结论超声心动图可以显示心脏大小、心内膜厚度、评估心功能改变,在EFE早期确诊中具有重要价值。     

老年性心脏瓣膜病变的超声心动图表现及分析

运用二维超声心动图对530例,年龄在50岁以上的老年受检者进行检查,共检查出老年性心脏瓣膜病变78例,占受检总数的14.7%.结果表明:老年性心脏瓣膜病变,以主动脉瓣环钙化和主动脉瓣、二尖瓣钙化为多.但老年性风湿性心脏瓣膜病变应引起警惕,它常表现为“原因不明”的心房纤颤和/或哑型二尖瓣狭窄.钙化性瓣膜病变较少有血流动力学紊乱,不引起明显临床症状,其确切临床意义应引起重视,有待进一步研究.     

Sulfonylureas in NIDDM.

Sulfonylureas have represented the backbone of oral therapy in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus for greater than 30 yr. Despite this, our knowledge about the mode of actions of these agents is limited, and the use of them is far from rational. Sulfonylureas lower blood glucose concentrations primarily by stimulating insulin secretion. The evidence for clinically significant extrapancreatic effects is scanty. Therefore, the effect of sulfonylurea is limited to patients with preserved beta-cell function, with the best effect observed in the early stages of the disease. Sulfonylurea treatment is often started relatively late and is continued when the agents can no longer achieve the treatment goals. Drug dosages are increased to maximum recommended doses, although there is no evidence for a dose-response relationship between the sulfonylurea dose and its biological effect. To rationalize the use of sulfonylureas, we should ask the questions to whom, how much, and for how long? The decision to stop treatment is as important as the decision to start treatment.     

Insulin use in NIDDM

The effects of insulin treatment on the pathophysiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are reviewed herein. Short-term studies indicate variable and partial reduction in excessive hepatic glucose output, decrease in insulin resistance, and enhancement of beta-cell function. These beneficial actions may be due to a decrease in secondary glucose toxicity rather than a direct attack on the primary abnormality. Insulin should be used as initial treatment of new-onset NIDDM in the presence of ketosis, significant diabetes-induced weight loss (despite residual obesity), and severe hyperglycemic symptoms. In diet-failure patients, prospective randomized studies comparing insulin to sulfonylurea treatment show approximately equal glycemic outcomes or a slight advantage to insulin. A key goal of insulin therapy is to normalize the fasting plasma glucose level. In contrast to the conventional use of morning injections of intermediate- and long-acting insulin, preliminary studies suggest potential advantages of administering the same insulins only at bedtime. Obese patients may require several hundred units of insulin daily and still not achieve satisfactory control. In some, addition of a sulfonylurea to insulin may reduce hyperglycemia, the insulin dose, or both. However, long-term benefits from such combination therapy remain to be demonstrated conclusively. Established adverse effects of insulin treatment in NIDDM are hypoglycemia, particularly in the elderly, and weight gain. Self-monitoring of blood glucose can identify patients in whom excessive weight gain is caused by subtle hypoglycemia. Whether insulin causes weight gain by direct effects on appetite or energy utilization remains controversial. A potential adverse effect of insulin has been suggested by epidemiological studies showing associations between hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance and increased risk for coronary artery disease, stroke, and hypertension. Although potential mechanisms for an atherogenic action of insulin exist, current evidence does not prove cause and effect and does not warrant withholding insulin therapy (or compromising on dosage) when it is needed.