The epidemiology and management of patients with hydatidiform mole

The epidemiology, clinical features and method of evacuating the uterus were reviewed in 30 patients with hydatidiform mole. The incidence was greatest in patients with blood group O and among young East Indians. There was no seasonal variation nor was there any progression to choriocarcinoma. Only one partial mole and one invasive mole were encountered. Evacuation was achieved chiefly by suction curettage and concomitant augmentation with a Syntocinon infusion.     

骨桥蛋白在葡萄胎、先兆子痫疾病中的表达

目的 通过检测骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)在葡萄胎及先兆子痫疾病中的表达情况来探计OPN在两种疾病中可能参与的发病机制.方法 采用免疫组化S-P法及逆转录多聚酶链反应(KT-PCK)检测方法 ,来比较葡萄胎组织与早孕绒毛、先兆子痫与正常足月胎盘组织中OPN的表达情况.结果 各组组织中均有OPN mRNA(245 kb)及其蛋白的表达,在相对表达量上,正常早孕绒毛组织中的表达高于葡萄胎组织(P<0.05);正常足月胎盘组织中的表述量也高于先兆子痫患者胎盘组织(P<0.05).结论 OPN在胎盘绒毛组织中的表达差异性,可能与葡萄胎、先兆子痫等滋养层密切相关的妊娠疾病的病理发生过程有一定的关系.     

Maspin蛋白在葡萄胎恶变中的作用

目的探讨Maspin（Mammary Serpin）基因在葡萄胎组织中的表达,了解Maspin基因在葡萄胎发生发展及恶变中的作用。方法对50例葡萄胎组织（其中8例发生恶变）及正常早孕绒毛20例（对照组）采用免疫组化链霉菌抗生物素蛋白一过氧化物酶连接（streptavidin-biotin peroxidase,SP）法,测定组织中Maspin的表达。结果Maspin阳性表达率分别为：葡萄胎组60％（其中未恶变葡萄胎组78．6％;恶变葡萄胎组37．5％）;对照组90％。葡萄胎组Maspin蛋白阳性表达率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;恶变葡萄胎组Maspin蛋白阳性表达率低于未恶变葡萄胎纽,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论Maspin的表达下调可能在葡萄胎的发生发展中起着重要的作用,Maspin的表达可能对葡萄胎的发生及恶性转化起抑制作用。     

The changing face of intussusception

Management of intussusception in a pediatric center shows changing patterns over the past 26 years. Early and subacute cases of intussusception are now ordinarily successfully reduced by hydrostatic pressure (barium enema). A minority, who are in shock, who have evidence of significant blood loss or, in whom small intestinal obstruction is apparent, are treated by emergency laparotomy, with or without confirmatory contrast studies. In the latter group the rate of resection is high (16.4% in the present series). Resected segments are microscopically infarcted; with unnecessary resection a rarity. Advances in surgical management have eliminated a major portion of the mortality formerly associated with resection. The use of hydrostatic pressure reduction makes surgery unnecessary in a high percentage of infants with intussusception, but does not reduce the incidence of infarction requiring resection. Ambulatory or nonhospital management of intussusception subjects the infant to the risk of a significant delay in definitive treatment and is not to be condoned.     

Fas及FasL在葡萄胎、侵蚀性葡萄胎中的表达及意义

目的 探讨Fas及FasL蛋白在妊娠滋养细胞疾病中的表达及意义. 方法 应用免疫组化方法分别检测Fas及FasL蛋白在40例正常滋养细胞、36例完全性葡萄胎和15例侵蚀性葡萄胎中的表达. 结果 Fas在侵蚀性葡萄胎组、完全性葡萄胎组和正常滋养细胞组的阳性表达率分别为46.7%,88.9%和95.0%.在侵蚀性葡萄胎组的Fas阳性表达率与完全性葡萄胎组、正常滋养细胞组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),FasL在侵蚀性葡萄胎组、完全性葡萄胎组和正常滋养细胞组的阳性表达率分别为53.3%,44.4%和17.5%.在完全性葡萄胎组、侵蚀性葡萄胎组的FasL阳性表达率与正常滋养细胞组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Fas与FasL表达在各组之间均呈负相关. 结论 Fas蛋白的低表达及FasL的高表达降低了妊娠滋养细胞疾病的凋亡,可能是妊娠滋养细胞疾病的发病机制之一.两者在妊娠滋养细胞疾病进展中可能相互影响,起协同作用.     

The changing face of chemotherapy

The historical development of antibiotics has been summarized. Three distinct phases are discernible. The first (from historical times to about 1900) involved mostly folk remedies. The second (1900-c. 1940) was ushered in by Paul Ehrlich's development of the concept of 'selective toxicity' and saw the establishment of arsenicals and sulphonamides. The third, lasting to the present day, started with the exploitation of the pioneering studies of Fleming, Dubos and Waksman on antibiotic production by soil fungi. This latest phase has continued with the improvement of natural products by the skills of the medicinal chemist. The properties and evolution of three major groups of antibiotics, penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides are fully described. Finally, pathways of possible future evolution of antibiotics are outlined.