Shima drinking water--a bacteriological analysis

300 water samples, 60 from piped supply and 240 from 20 natural sources were analyzed bacteriologically for four important bacterial indicators every month over a period of one year. The MPN of total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis were detected by multiple tube method and Clostridium perfringens was isolated using litmus milk medium. From piped water supply, only one sample was found unfit for human consumption. The plate count at 37 degrees C and 22 degrees C varied from 0.5 x 10(3) to 15 x 10(3) per ml. of water. From natural sources, MPN indices for coliforms, Esch. coli and S. faecalis varied from 3 to > 1800, 0 to > 1800 and 0 to 540 per 100 ml. of water respectively. About 1/3rd of samples showed presence of Cl. perfringens. The plate count varied from 1.0 x 10(3) to > 150 x 10(3) per ml. of water. Salmonella typhi was isolated in 1.25% samples by membrane filtration technique. The water from all the natural sources was unfit for human consumption whereas piped water supply was of good quality in general.     

实时荧光PCR检测儿童肺结核粪便中Mtb-DNA的效果评价

目的 应用实时荧光PCR快速检测肺结核患儿粪便中Mtb-DNA,并初步评估其临床效果。 方法 收集肺结核住院儿童粪便标本76份,应用实时荧光PCR检测Mtb-DNA,检测结果与20例其他呼吸系统疾病患儿的粪便实时荧光PCR检测Mtb-DNA、76例粪便抗酸杆菌涂片检查以及41例患儿痰标本的涂片和(或)培养、实时荧光PCR检测结果进行比较。 结果 粪便实时荧光PCR检测敏感度达到23.68%(18/76),特异度为100.00％(20/20),肺结核患儿粪便PCR阳性率［23.68%(18/76)］明显高于涂片阳性率［6.58%(5/76)］,41例患儿中痰涂片和(或)培养阳性例数(15例)和痰PCR检测阳性例数(18例)高于粪便PCR检测阳性例数(11例)。 结论 实时荧光PCR检测儿童粪便Mtb-DNA,是一种特异度高、比较敏感、非侵入性且相对安全的儿童肺结核快速诊断方法。