量子点流式微球技术检测抗胰岛素抗体方法学建立

目的将量子点荧光探针应用于流式微球技术,创建出量子点流式微球技术检测人抗胰岛素抗体的方法并对其偶联率、精密度、线性范围、灵敏度进行初步评价。方法将胰岛素与羧基化微球偶联制备免疫诊断微球,与血清或标准品中人抗胰岛素抗体结合后,加入兔抗人IgG抗体,最后加入生物素化的羊抗兔IgG抗体和链霉亲和素化的量子点,使微球表面呈现荧光,并通过流式细胞仪检测平均荧光强度(mean fluorescent intensity,MFI)并记录。结果羧基化微球偶联胰岛素的性能显著强于空白微球,偶联0.5～3 h为最佳偶联反应时间,偶联成功的免疫诊断微球放置4℃冰箱至少可稳定50 d。微球偶联微球表面所携带荧光MFI与所测抗胰岛素抗体浓度成正比,量子点流式微球技术检测同一标本的灵敏度(3.74 pg/ml)、精密度(8.24%)、线性范围(3.74～5 000 pg/ml)都优于酶联免疫吸附试验所测得灵敏度(24.53 pg/ml)、精密度(12.31%)、线性范围(24.53～2 500 pg/ml)。结论本实验创建的量子点流式微球技术可用于人血清抗胰岛素抗体测定,其检测性能良好。     

胰岛素光激化学发光免疫分析法的建立

目的建立血清中胰岛素(INS)光激化学发光免疫分析的定量检测方法。方法用2株配对的INS单克隆抗体,一株INS单克隆抗体包被受体微球,另一株INS单克隆抗体用生物素标记,与链霉亲合素的供体微球共同组成检测试剂检测人血清中的INS。结果 INS-AlphaLISA的灵敏度为0.753μU/ml,线性测量范围为0.753～180μU/ml,分析内和分析间的精密度分别为7.46%～9.74%、5.24%～7.31%,与C肽无明显交叉反应、与胰岛素原有轻微交叉反应,125份临床血清样本用本试剂与罗氏化学发光试剂检测,其相关系数为0.983。结论本法建立的INS-AlphaLISA是一个各项指标均能达到临床要求的、可靠的检测,有望替代国内外同类产品用于临床。     

即时、定量黄曲霉毒素M1荧光淬灭免疫层析检测法建立和评价

目的 利用原创性荧光淬灭免疫层析技术进行黄曲霉毒素M1 (AFMl)快速、定量检测方法的探索.方法 对原创性AFM1检测试纸条从灵敏度、重复性与准确性方面进行性能验证,同酶联免疫吸附法原理的AFM1检测试剂进行比对研究.结果 荧光淬灭免疫层析AFM1检测试纸条最低检测下限为0.075ng/mL,批内变异系数≤7.3％,回收率为65.8％ ～94.1％.AFM1荧光淬灭免疫层析检测试纸条与酶联免疫法检测试剂具有良好的相关性(R2=0.9659).结论 荧光淬灭免疫层析AFM1检测试纸条可灵敏、准确、定量检测牛乳中的AFM1.     

平足蛋白吖啶酯化学发光免疫分析方法的建立及在乳腺癌检测中的临床应用

目的 建立一种以活化吖啶酯标记抗人平足蛋白抗体为标记物检测人血清中平足蛋白(PDPN)的磁微粒化学发光免疫检测方法并进行在乳腺癌相关疾病方面的临床应用验证。方法 以包被链酶亲和素磁微粒-活化生物素标记抗人平足蛋白抗体为固相分离载体，生物素标记一株鼠抗人平足蛋白单克隆抗体，吖啶酯标记另一株鼠抗人平足蛋白单克隆抗体，建立人血清样本中PDPN定量免疫分析方法。结果 在线性范围1.00～800.00ng/mL内，相关系数r为0.9990,检出限为0.52ng/mL;批内重复性不超过5.0%,批间差不超过10.0%;正常参考区间为小于4.50ng/mL;测定乳腺癌临床样本，特异性为88%和灵敏度为87%。结论 建立了定量检测人血清中PDPN水平的化学发光免疫分析法，对乳腺癌的发生发展起了辅助诊断作用。     

荧光免疫层析定量检测髓过氧化物酶方法的建立

目的：通过荧光免疫层析技术初步建立MPO荧光免疫层析定量检测方法。方法：采用羧基荧光微球，利用EDC一步法偶联标记抗体，对过程中EDC量、标记蛋白量与标记时间、保护液进行研究，选出最佳条件，并对线性范围、灵敏度、精密性等进行性能评价。结果：确定偶联过程中EDC 160 μg，标记蛋白125 μg、标记1.5 h；线性范围3.125~600 ng/ml，最低检出限0.9 ng/ml；精密性质控品(高、中、低)批内、批间变异系数均小于10%；通过与国外试剂盒（ELISA法）检测比对45份临床血清，相关性良好，R2=0.979 5。结论：成功建立荧光免疫层析快速定量检测MPO的方法，为冠心病的辅助诊断提供一种技术手段。     

ELISA和RIA测定小鼠血清中类别特异性抗体的敏感性比较

作者选用单抗球蛋白酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),双抗体球蛋白ELISA和双抗球蛋白放射免疫试验(RIA),在相同的实验条件下,检测小鼠血清中类别特异性抗体,以比较其优缺点。主要试剂有:鼠抗人血清白蛋白抗血清、兔抗鼠IgG_1、羊抗兔血清(分碱性磷酸酶标记和~(125)I标记两种)。二种ELISA技术均在硬质平底微板上进     

建立以CFSE标记细胞微球为参照检测人外周血EPC数量的方法及其临床意义

建立以CFSE标记细胞微球做参照,以流式单平台检测EPC数量的方法并评价其临床应用效果。使用流式单平台计数,利用CFSE染色的荧光细胞微球作为内参照,分析标本中的EPC的数量,并与体外克隆计数相比较。基于流式单平台利用CFSE标记细胞微球参照检测人外周血EPC数量和体外克隆计数的结果一致,但是相对体外克隆方法来说,我们建立的方法实验时间和成本明显降低,技术要求也相应降低。基于流式单平台利用CFSE标记细胞微球参照检测人外周血EPC数量的方法能够更快更准确的检测EPC数量,节约时间和成本,更适合临床常规使用。     

靶向抑制晶状体上皮细胞增殖的载药毫微球的研究

采用碳二亚胺法使抗人晶状体上皮细胞单克隆抗体与聚乳酸载 5 -氟尿嘧啶毫微球偶联 ,制备出抗人晶状体免疫毫微球。以牛血清白蛋白作乳化剂采用复乳法制备聚乳酸载 5 -氟尿嘧啶毫微球 ,使毫微球表面吸附牛血清白蛋白 ,再将抗人晶状体上皮细胞单克隆抗体与聚乳酸载 5 -氟尿嘧啶毫微球偶联。采用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察微球形貌和结构 ,用动态光散射粒径分析仪测载药毫微球粒径。ELISA法检测偶联后的抗体活性 ,MTT法检测免疫毫微球对晶状体上皮细胞的抑制作用 ,间接免疫荧光法检测该免疫毫微球与晶状体上皮细胞的特异性结合能力和细胞内化过程。结果显示载药毫微球表面光滑 ,平均粒径为 191.0± 0 .2 0 2nm ,其载药率为 8.2 % ,药物利用率为2 4 .6 %。免疫载药毫微球中的单克隆抗体HILE6保留达到原免疫活性 84 % ,2 4h对兔晶状体上皮细胞抑制率可达6 8.4 2 %。该免疫载药毫微球能与晶状体上皮细胞特异性结合 ,30min后可吸附到晶状体上皮细胞上 ,在 4h内进入细胞质最后进入细胞核。该实验为特异性抑制晶状体上皮细胞增殖 ,预防白内障术后并发症 -后囊混浊提供了重要的科学依据。     

弓形虫IgM抗体检测方法的研究

本文以鼠抗人μ链单克隆抗体捕获被测人血清中ＩｇＭ抗体，再以辣根过氧化物酶标记的弓形虫抗原进行直接酶联免疫吸附试验，检测人血清中特异性抗弓形虫ＩｇＭ抗体，并以阻断试验证实该方法的特异性。与风疹病毒ＩｇＭ抗体阳性血清，巨细胞病毒ＩｇＭ抗体阳性血清和类风湿因子等无交叉反应。与进口试剂盒以酶联免疫吸附试验双夹心法（ＤＳ－ＥＬＩＳＡ－Ｔｏｘ－ＩｇＭ）进行比较检测了临床血清样品１０５３份，两者阳性符合率为９５．５６％，ＤＳ－ＥＬＩＳＡ阴性血清在Ｄ－ＥＬＩＳＡ法亦阴性，而且后者灵敏度略高。酶标记抗原和包被抗体的酶标板在４℃中保存６个月仍稳定。试剂盒操作简便，快速，适用于弓形虫病的早期诊断。     

鼠单克隆抗HBc检测病人血清抗HBc应用的研究

<正> 我们在建立分泌抗 HBc 杂交瘤细胞株后,将获得的鼠单克隆抗 HBc 进行纯化和辣根过氧化物酶标记作为酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测病人血清抗 HBc 诊断试剂(下称单克隆抗 HBc 试剂),并与多年来应用HBsAg 携带者血清纯化的抗 HBe IgG 及其酶标记物作为试剂(下称多克隆抗 HBc 试剂)的酶联免疫吸附试验及应用纯化 HBcAg的免疫粘连血凝试验进行了比较。现将结果报告如下。     

Quantitative measurement of anti-ErbB-2 antibody by flow cytometry and ELISA.

To establish standard methods for measuring anti-ErbB-2 antibody, a flow cytometric and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were developed and compared. In the flow cytometric assay, the antibody was measured by binding to human breast cancer cell line SKBR3 and the result expressed as mean channel fluorescence (MCF). In ELISA, the antibody was measured by binding to a recombinant, secreted human ErbB-2 containing the N-terminal 505 amino acids of ErbB-2 fused to myc and His tags (secE2/myc/His or secE2) and the result expressed as O.D.(405). A mouse anti-human ErbB-2 mAb 9G6 was used as the standard. Using flow cytometry, MCF of 9G6 binding increased with linearity between 0.6 and 10 microg/ml. Using ELISA, O.D.(405) increased with linearity between 0.015 and 1 microg/ml, indicating greater sensitivity of ELISA. The titer of an immune mouse serum was determined to be 400 and 8000 with flow cytometric and ELISA assay, respectively, consistent with the assay sensitivity. Based on standard curves generated with 9G6, antibody concentration in the same serum sample was calculated to be approximately 230 microg/ml by ELISA and approximately 270 microg/ml by flow cytometry. Therefore, excellent concordance in antibody concentration was obtained with different assays using linear regression and properly diluted samples. This concordance was verified with multiple serum samples.     

A new microsphere-based immunofluorescence assay using flow cytometry

The quantitative and qualitative capacities of flow cytometric analysis that have made it such a powerful tool in studies of cellular antigens have not previously been exploited when dealing with non-cellular antigens. A new immunofluorescence assay technique was developed, using an indirect staining procedure with monoclonal anti-kappa antibodies, to detect human free kappa light chains covalently bound to microspheres of a size suitable for flow cytometry. The strength of the fluorescent signal produced on the microspheres was related to the amount of antigen bound and the size of the beads. At the time of this work large microspheres (i.e., greater than 3 micron in diameter) suitable for this application were only available as suspensions of polysized beads. The fluorescent signal detected on labelled beads was optimized by selecting for analysis, on the basis of the forward angle laser scatter, only those beads of largest diameter. There are many potential applications for this technique - microspheres can be used for the presentation of virtually any antigen or antibody. The analytical benefits inherent in flow cytometry would be a significant advantage in the development of quantitative assays using this method.     

Sandwich type ELISA and a fluorescent cytometric microbead assay for quantitative determination of hepatitis B virus X antigen level in human sera

The hepatitis B virus X protein (HBxAg) is responsible for severe complications of HBV infections including primary hepatocellular carcinoma. A sandwich type ELISA and a flow cytometric microbead assay for quantitative determination of serum levels of Hbx-Ag are introduced. We have previously developed monoclonal antibody families against well-conserved epitopes on HbxAg, characterized by different immunohistochemical and immunoserological techniques. Special selection of the antibody pairs provided highly sensitive and highly specific tools for quantitative immunoassay development. The resulting assays were tested on human sera (208 samples) collected from patients suffering from different clinical forms of HBV infection. The sensitivity range of the sandwich type ELISA was between 4 and 2000 ng/ml as measured on both the recombinant antigen and the sera of chronic hepatitis patients. A further flow cytometric microbead assay was established and tested in parallel with the ELISA. The quantitative results of these two immunoserological techniques were in strong correlation and they were found to be highly specific and sensitive on clinical samples. The HBxAg ELISA technique is applicable for routine clinical laboratory measurements, and our HBxAg microbead technique is recommended for complex multiparametric measurements combined with other markers.     

Detection of human anti-flavivirus antibodies with a west nile virus recombinant antigen microsphere immunoassay

We report a new, suspended-microsphere diagnostic test to detect antibodies to West Nile (WN) virus in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The microsphere immunofluorescence assay can be performed in less than 3 h on specimens of 相似文献   

Simultaneous detection of antibodies to mouse hepatitis virus recombinant structural proteins by a microsphere-based multiplex fluorescence immunoassay

We describe a new microsphere-based multiplex fluorescent immunoassay (MFI) using recombinant mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) proteins to detect antibodies to coronaviruses in mouse and rat sera. All the recombinant proteins, including nucleocapsid (N) and 3 subunits of spike protein, S1, S2, and Smid, showed positive reactivity in MFI with mouse antisera to 4 MHV strains (MHV-S, -A59, -JHM, and -Nu67) and rat antiserum to a strain of sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV-681). The MFI was evaluated for its diagnostic power, with panels of mouse sera classified as positive or negative for anti-MHV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using MHV virion antigen and indirect fluorescent antibody assay. The reactivities of 236 naturally infected mouse sera were examined; 227 samples were positive by MFI using S2 antigen (96% sensitivity), and 208 samples were positive using N antigen (88% sensitivity). Based on the assessment by MFI using the S2 and N antigens, only 3 serum samples showed double-negative results, indicating a false-negative rate of 1.3%. In 126 uninfected mouse sera, including 34 ELISA false-positive sera, only 7 samples showed false-positive results by MFI using either the S2 or N antigen (94% specificity). Similarly, the S2 and N antigen-based MFI was 98% sensitive and 100% specific in detecting anticoronavirus antibodies in rat sera. Thus, this MFI-based serologic assay using the S2 and N antigens promises to be a reliable diagnostic method, representing a highly sensitive and specific alternative to traditional ELISA for detection of coronavirus infections in laboratory mouse and rat colonies.     

A novel separation-free assay technique for serum antibodies using antibody bridging assay principle and two-photon excitation fluorometry

A new technique for separation-free detection of antigen-specific antibodies is presented. The new technique employs antibody bridging assay principle and the recently developed ArcDia TPX fluorescence detection technology. According to the assay scheme, antibody molecules from the sample bind with one arm to an antigen on polymer microspheres and with the other arm to a fluorescently labeled secondary antigen reagent. Consequently, fluorescent immunocomplexes are formed on the surface of microspheres in proportion to the concentration of the analyte in the sample. The fluorescence signal from individual microspheres is measured by means of two-photon excited fluorescence detection. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the new assay technique, an assay for anti-adenovirus antibodies was constructed. The function of the assay method was tested both with monoclonal anti-adenovirus antibody preparation (standard analyte), and with positive serum samples. Standard class-specific ELISA was used as a reference method. The new assay method provides comparable sensitivity and precision, and wider dynamic range for IgG antibodies than the ELISA method. The standard curve showed linear response (R(2)=0.999) with a dynamic range of three orders of magnitude, detection limit (mean+3S.D.) of 8 pM, and intra-assay signal precision of 5%. Applicability of the new method for clinical serodiagnostics is discussed.     

A sensitive and specific ELISA using a monoclonal capture antibody for detection of Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein in serum

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been established using Nunc polystyrene immunoplates coated with a monoclonal antibody to human Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein (THP) to detect and measure THP in human serum. Optimal reaction conditions for both the monoclonal capture antibody and the affinity-purified rabbit anti-human THP second antibody were established to produce standard curves which showed linearity between 20-90 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 2-3 ng/ml. The plate-to-plate standard curve mean coefficient of variation (CV) was 5.9 +/- 2.9% on assays performed on the same day while day to day mean CV was 13.3 +/- 2.4%. The specificity of the ELISA was demonstrated by inhibition of binding after preincubation of both urinary THP standards and serum with monoclonal anti-THP antibody. Sera from 195 blood donors tested by the ELISA had a mean concentration of THP antigenic determinants of 260 +/- 105 ng/ml. Results from three control sera run on all plates used in the survey showed mean CV less than 7.6% while no binding was observed with sera from an anephric patient.     

检测人IL 37双抗夹心ELISA方法的建立

目的：建立定量检测人血清IL-37的双抗夹心ELISA。方法：以鼠抗人IL-37单抗作为捕获抗体,制备的兔抗人IL-37多抗作为检测抗体,HRP标记山羊抗兔IgG为二抗,重组人IL-37蛋白为标准品,建立检测人IL-37的双抗夹心ELISA方法。并对该方法的工作条件进行优化,对其灵敏度、线性范围、重复性和对登革热非结构蛋白NS1阳性患者血清IL-37的检测效果进行评价。结果：重组IL-37蛋白为标准品建立的双抗夹心ELISA法检测灵敏度为1.465 μg/L,线性范围为1.465~46.875 μg/L,批内和批间变异系数分别为6.6%和11.7%。采用此方法对诊断为登革热的患者血清进行检测,结果显示非结构蛋白NS1阳性患者IL-37水平显著高于健康人对照组。结论：成功建立了双抗夹心ELISA检测方法,可用于人血清中IL-37的检测。     

Development of a microsphere-based fluorescent immunoassay and its comparison to an enzyme immunoassay for the detection of antibodies to three antigen preparations from Candida albicans

A sensitive assay for the simultaneous detection of multiple serum antibodies by flow cytometry was developed. Polystyrene microspheres of 5, 7 and 9.3 micron in diameter were used as solid supports for the attachment of three different antigen preparations from Candida albicans. These antigens were a whole cell extract; a cytoplasmic protein extract and a cell wall polysaccharide. Microsphere-associated fluorescence was quantitated by flow cytometry, with the different sized microspheres analyzed separately using electronic volume gating. This procedure allowed for different antigen-coated microspheres with discrete sizes to be analyzed independently for immunofluorescence. The assay detected antibody levels in human serum at dilutions up to 10(-6) and provided complete discrimination, using all three antigen preparations, between antibody levels seen in healthy subjects and those seen in patients suspected of having a systemic Candida infection. A standard enzyme immunoassay (EIA) failed to provide complete discrimination between healthy subjects and patient samples: at least 17% of patient values fell within the healthy subject range using all three antigen preparations. The microsphere assay which allowed for the simultaneous detection of multiple antibodies, has increased dynamic range over EIA and provides for better discrimination of patients from healthy subjects in comparison to EIA. Precise quantitation of antibodies is possible and the rapid analysis of thousands of microspheres markedly enhances the statistical accuracy of the assay. We suggest this assay is likely to have many other important applications in immunologic testing.