多发性骨髓瘤患者外周血CD4~+CD25~+和CD8~+CD28~-调节性T细胞研究

目的:探讨CD4~+CD25~+和CD8~+CD28~-调节性T细胞(Tregs)在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者外周血中的变化及意义.方法:采用流式细胞术检测38例MM患者及20例健康对照外周血CD4~+CD25~+和CD8~+CD28~-Tregs水平.分别采用溴甲酚绿法、透射免疫比浊法测定患者血清白蛋白(Alb)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG).结果:初诊MM患者外周血CD4~+CD25~(+/high)、CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)及CD8~+CD28~-Tregs比率均明显升高;CD4~+CD25~(+/high)和CD4~+CD25~)(high)CD127~(low)Tregs比率在各临床分期均较对照组升高,随分期增高呈现增加趋势,且CD4~+CD25~(high)和CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)Tregs在Ⅲ期患者显著高于Ⅰ期患者;CD8~+CD28~(-Tregs)在Ⅱ、Ⅲ期显著高于正常对照,且Ⅱ期高于Ⅰ期,Ⅲ期高于Ⅱ期,逐期递增,而在Ⅰ期与对照组比较无显著差异;CD4~+CD25~(+/high)和CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)Tregs比率在进展期和稳定期均较对照组升高,但两期之间比较无明显差异,而CD8~+CD28~-Tregs在进展期高于稳定期及对照组,稳定期和对照组间比较无明显差异;CD4~+CD25~(high)Tregs和CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)Tregs比率与Alb水平均呈负相关.结论:MM患者体内存在CD4~+CD25~+Tregs和CD8~+ CD28~-Tregs异常增加,可能是MM免疫逃逸的一个重要机制,这些变化同临床分期、病情进展及预后存在一定程度相关性.     

癌灶CD4~+CD25~+和CD8~+ T细胞亚群与卵巢浆液性癌患者生存期相关

检测卵巢浆液性癌患者癌组织中CD4+CD25+及CD8+T细胞的数目,探讨其两种T细胞介导的免疫功能对疾病发展及预后的影响。免疫组织化学双标及单标的染色方法检测41例卵巢浆液性癌患者手术切除癌组织标本中CD4+CD25+和CD8+T细胞的数目。结果显示,癌灶中CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞为(19.95±11.50)个/10HPF,CD8+T淋巴细胞为(43.46±16.69)个/10HPF。生存分析发现高CD4+CD25+T细胞组患者总生存期较低CD4+CD25+T细胞组缩短,差异有显著性(P<0.05);而高CD8+T细胞组患者总生存期与低CD8+T细胞组相比延长,且差异有显著性(P<0.05),此外两种T细胞数目与患者年龄、病理分级、临床分期、腹水细胞学及淋巴结转移等临床病理因素均无关(P>0.05)。结果表明,卵巢浆液性癌中高CD4+CD25+T细胞提示患者预后不良,可能与CD4+CD25+T细胞介导的免疫抑制导致肿瘤免疫逃逸有关;癌组织中高CD8+T细胞提示患者预后较好,两种T细胞对卵巢浆液性癌预后的评估有重要的价值,同时可以通过阻断CD4+CD25+T细胞的免疫抑制作用改善卵巢浆液性癌患者的预后,为卵巢癌治疗提供靶目标。     

CD244促进活动性肺结核患者抗原特异性CD8~+T细胞的细胞毒作用

目的研究表面受体CD244在活动性肺结核患者抗原特异性CD8+T细胞中的功能。方法密度梯度离心法提取活动性肺结核患者和ELISPOT阳性潜伏感染者的外周血单个核细胞,用ESAT-6和CFP-10多肽刺激PBMCs,然后用CD69标记抗原特异性细胞,通过流式细胞术检测CD244在CD3+CD8+CD69+细胞中的表达;流式细胞术分析CD244与脱颗粒相关的CD107a表达的关系;通过细胞内染色方法检测CD244与穿孔素和颗粒酶B的关系。结果 CD244在活动性肺结核患者的CD8+T细胞表达显著高于潜伏感染者(P=0.000 5);在抗原特异性CD8+T细胞,CD244+细胞表达CD107a比例显著高于CD244-细胞(P=0.002 2);CD244+细胞表达穿孔素和颗粒酶B比例显著高于CD244-细胞(P值分别为0.021 2,0.002 3)。结论 CD244促进活动性肺结核患者的抗原特异性CD8+T细胞的细胞毒作用。     

小细胞和非小细胞肺癌晚期患者CD3~+ CD4~+及CD3~+ CD8~+T淋巴细胞亚群的差异

目的:探索小细胞和非小细胞肺癌晚期患者CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群是否存在差异,并为治疗提供参考。方法:选取肺癌晚期患者共65例,其中包括小细胞肺癌14例,非小细胞肺癌51例以及20例健康对照。用流式细胞仪检测研究对象外周血淋巴细胞表面CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+的表达情况。结果:CD3+CD4+T细胞所占比例无论是小细胞还是非小细胞肺癌晚期的患者都较健康对照显著降低;CD3+CD8+T细胞所占比例在肺癌晚期的患者较健康对照并无显著变化;CD4+/CD8+比值在小细胞肺癌晚期患者较健康对照显著下降。结论:无论是小细胞还是非小细胞肺癌晚期的患者CD3+CD4+T细胞的水平较健康人都显著降低,说明肺癌晚期患者细胞免疫功能严重受损。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者CD4~+和CD8~+T细胞亚群的研究

目的:比较不同感染状态慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者外周血CD4+和CD8+T细胞亚群的差异。方法:收集CHB患者78例,根据感染状态分为乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)阳性且肝功能正常、HBeAg阳性且肝功能异常和HBeAg阴性3组。13例健康志愿者(正常对照组)来自曙光医院体检中心。应用流式细胞术(FCM)检测不同感染状态CHB患者外周血中CD4+CD25+、CD8+CD28-、CD4+CD95+、CD8+CD95+细胞亚群的分布情况,并对各亚群分布情况与HBeAg和HBVD-NA水平的相关性进行分析。结果:与正常对照组相比,HBeAg(+)肝功能正常组的CD4+CD25+/CD4+和CD4+CD95+/CD4+明显升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),3个感染组CD8+CD28-/CD8+值均明显升高(P<0.01);与HBeAg(+)肝功能正常组相比,HBeAg(+)肝功能异常组和HBeAg(-)组的CD4+CD25+/CD4+明显降低(P<0.01),HBeAg(-)组CD8+CD95+/CD8+明显降低(P<0.05),HBeAg(+)肝功能异常组的CD8+CD95+/CD8+明显降低(P<0.01)。CD4+CD25+/CD4+,CD4+CD95+/CD4+与HBVDNA呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05),CD8+CD28-/CD8+与HBVDNA和HBeAg均呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论:CHB患者外周血中CD4+CD25+、CD8+CD28-T、CD4+CD95+细胞表达频率增加,可能对慢性乙肝病毒感染过程中的免疫耐受起一定作用。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血CD4+和CD8+T细胞PD-1的表达和意义

目的 探讨程序性死亡分子1 (PD-1)在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血CD4+和CD8+T细胞上的表达及临床意义.方法 应用流式细胞仪检测51例SLE患者和38例健康对照者外周血T细胞亚群表面PD-1表达水平,比较SLE稳定组、活动组和健康对照组以及狼疮肾炎组和无狼疮肾炎组之间CD4+和CD8+T细胞表面PD-1表达的百分比,并分析其与临床表现及实验室检查数据的相关性.结果 SLE活动组CD4+T细胞PD-1表达水平高于健康对照组和不活动组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).SLE活动组、稳定组CD8+T细胞PD-1表达水平均高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).狼疮肾炎患者CD4+PD-1+和CD8+PD-1+T细胞分别高于无狼疮肾炎患者(P＜0.01).SLE患者中抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体、抗核小体抗体阳性组外周血CD4+和CD8+T细胞PD-1表达水平均高于对应阴性组.SLE患者CD4+和CD8+T细胞PD-1表达百分率与SLE疾病活动度指数(SLEDAI)、尿蛋白定量呈正相关,与补体C3呈负相关.结论 SLE患者外周血CD4+和CD8+T细胞PD-1表达异常,与SLEDA1和自身抗体产生有明确的相关性.     

T细胞疫苗免疫前后外周血CD4~ 和CD8~ T细胞变化的分析

目的 观察T细胞疫苗免疫前后外周血CD4~+和CD8~+T细胞的变化情况,探讨T细胞疫苗诱导特异性免疫耐受的作用及其机理。方法 制备针对Wistar大鼠的SD大鼠T细胞疫苗,用制备好的T细胞疫苗去免疫正常的SD大鼠,同时设特异性抗原对照组和空白对照组。于免疫前和免疫后规定时点分别进行单向混合淋巴细胞反应(MTT法),于相同时点通过流式细胞分析对外周血CD4~+和CD8~+T细胞进行检测。结果 在T细胞疫苗组,平均OD值免疫后比免疫前显著降低(P<0.01)CD4/CD8比值免疫后比免疫前显著降低(P<0.05);在特异性抗原对照组,免疫后的OD值显著高于免疫前(P<0.01),同时CD4/CD8比值于免疫后显著增高(P<0.05);空白对照组各时点各指标比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论T细胞疫苗可以诱导同种抗原特异性免疫耐受,CD4~+反应性T细胞克隆与CD8~+抗独特型T细胞克隆相对比例优势的转换可能在T细胞疫苗诱导的免疫耐受形成中发挥关键作用。     

免疫磁珠法分离人外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞

目的 建立人外周血单个核细胞中CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞(regulatery T cells,Treg)免疫磁性细胞分离力(megnetic activated cell sorting,MACS),并鉴定其分离效率.方法 采用免疫磁珠两步法(即阴性分选和阳性分选2步)分离人周血单个核细胞中的CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞,首先采用生物素标记的鸡尾酒抗体和抗生物素标记的磁珠阴性分选CIM细胞,再用抗CD25 的磁珠阳性分选CD4 CD25 T细胞.分离后的细胞经抗体染色后再通过流式细胞仪检测其分离纯度;内因子染色检测其转录因子FOXV3的表达频率;台盼蓝染色检测细胞的存活率;3H-TdR掺入法检测其对CD4 CD25-T细脆殖抑制效应.结果 阴性分选CD4 T细胞的纯度为(92.2±1.7)%,阳性分选后CD4 CD25 Treg细胞的纯度(95.1±1.2)%.胞内因子染色FOXF3在CD4 CD25 Treg细胞中的表达率为(80.4±1.2)%,台盼蓝染色细胞存活率为(95.6±3.3)%.3H-TdR掺入法检测其对CIM CD25-T细胞具有明显的抑制作用.结论 采用免疫磁性细胞分离技术能够高效、快地得到一群纯度高并且细胞活力好的CD4 CIY25 Treg,为进一步研究其功能提供了方便.     

CD4~+CD25~+T细胞在CD8~+T细胞抗肿瘤免疫中的调节作用

实验旨在研究CD4+CD25+T细胞在CD8+T细胞抗肿瘤免疫中的调节作用。将小鼠脾脏中分离的单个核细胞分为两组,即去除CD4+CD25+T细胞组和未去除CD4+CD25+T细胞组,测定树突状细胞提呈的肿瘤抗原多肽刺激不同T细胞增殖活性、细胞因子IFN-γ分泌,以及多肽特异性CD8+T细胞对同源性胃癌细胞株MFC的杀伤活性。结果显示预先去除未致敏T细胞中的CD4+CD25+T细胞,所诱导的特异性CD8+CTL对肿瘤细胞免疫应答增强,表现为反应性T细胞对树突状细胞提呈的肿瘤抗原多肽增殖反应增强,IFN-γ分泌量提高及CD8+T细胞对MFC杀伤活性增强。这些结果表明,预先去除未致敏T细胞中的CD4+CD25+T细胞,肿瘤抗原多肽修饰的树突状细胞肿瘤疫苗效能可明显增加。CD4+CD25+T细胞在CD8+T细胞抗肿瘤免疫中起下调作用。     

人初始和记忆CD4+T细胞信使RNA基因芯片检测结果分析

目的探讨健康成人外周血初始和记忆CD4~+T细胞静息状态下表面分子、趋化因子受体、细胞因子和转录因子mRNA表达的差异。方法抽取健康成年人外周血,分离PBMC,染色后流式分选出CD45RO-的初始和CD45RO+的记忆CD4~+T细胞,裂解细胞,进行mRNA表达谱芯片检测。结果相比初始T细胞,静息状态下记忆CD4~+T细胞表达高水平的表面分子CTLA-4、PD-1、FAS、CD25,趋化因子受体CCR4、CCR6、CXCR3、CXCR5,细胞因子IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-17和转录因子T-bet、EOMES、STAT4、GATA3和RORγt,并表达低水平的表面分子CD62L、CCR7、ICAM-I、CD40L,细胞因子IL-1β和转录因子NF-κB。结论静息状态下,与初始CD4~+T细胞相比,记忆CD4~+T细胞高表达某些活化分子、细胞因子、转录因子mRNA,可能是记忆CD4~+T细胞发生快速免疫应答的关键因素。     

CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节T细胞抑制肺结核患者特异细胞免疫

  目的 了解结核患者外周血中CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节T细胞在抑制结核患者结核特异细胞免疫反应中的作用。 方法 使用细胞分离、流式细胞分析、细胞增殖和细胞因子测定等方法,比较结核患者及健康正常人群外周血中CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节T细胞的量及功能特征的差异。 结果 结核患者外周血中CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节T细胞数占CD4+细胞总数的比例显著高于健康正常人群;在BCG及ESAT-6的刺激下,结核患者外周血单个核细胞增殖能力和产生γ-干扰素的能力比健康正常人群明显增强。在BCG刺激下,结核患者外周血CD4-细胞产生γ-干扰素(1289.62±519.01)及白介素-10(1045.40±534.12)的能力比结核患者外周血BPMCs细胞产生γ-干扰素(624.50±261.13)及白介素-10(377.00±249.56)的能力显著增强(均p<0.05);在BCG及ESAT-6的刺激下,结核患者外周血CD4+CD25+调节T细胞显著抑制结核患者外周血CD4+CD25-细胞产生γ-干扰素及白介素-10。 结论 结核患者CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节T细胞数量增多,抑制结核患者结核特异细胞免疫反应功能增强,可能与结核的发生、发展及转归有密切关系。     

CD244抑制活动性肺结核患者CD8+T细胞细胞因子分泌的实验研究

目的 探讨表面受体CD244在活动性肺结核患者CD8+T细胞中的功能.方法 密度梯度离心法提取活动性肺结核患者和健康对照者的外周血单个核细胞,通过流式细胞术检测CD244在CD3+ CD8+细胞中的表达;通过细胞内染色方法检测CD244与细胞因子IFN-γ和TNF-α表达的关系.结果 CD244在活动性肺结核患者CD8+T细胞表达强度显著高于健康对照者(P=0.0003);复治肺结核患者的CD244表达强度显著高于新发肺结核患者(P=0.0011);CD244-细胞表达IFN-γ比例显著高于CD244+细胞(P=0.0013);CD244-细胞表达TNF-α比例显著高于CD244+细胞(P =0.0016).结论 CD244抑制活动性肺结核患者CD8+T细胞的细胞因子分泌表达.     

Circulating memory CD8+ T cells are limited in forming CD103+ tissue-resident memory T cells at mucosal sites after reinfection

Tissue-resident memory CD8⁺ T cells (T_RM) localize to barrier tissues and mediate local protection against reinvading pathogens. Circulating central memory (T_CM) and effector memory CD8⁺ T cells (T_EM) also contribute to tissue recall responses, but their potential to form mucosal T_RM remains unclear. Here, we employed adoptive transfer and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus reinfection models to specifically assess secondary responses of T_CM and T_EM at mucosal sites. Donor T_CM and T_EM exhibited robust systemic recall responses, but only limited accumulation in the small intestine, consistent with reduced expression of tissue-homing and -retention molecules. Murine and human circulating memory T cells also exhibited limited CD103 upregulation following TGF-β stimulation. Upon pathogen clearance, T_CM and T_EM readily gave rise to secondary T_EM. T_CM also formed secondary central memory in lymphoid tissues and T_RM in internal tissues, for example, the liver. Both T_CM and T_EM failed to substantially contribute to resident mucosal memory in the small intestine, while activated intestinal T_RM, but not liver T_RM, efficiently reformed CD103⁺ T_RM. Our findings demonstrate that circulating T_CM and T_EM are limited in generating mucosal T_RM upon reinfection. This may pose important implications on cell therapy and vaccination strategies employing memory CD8⁺ T cells for protection at mucosal sites.     

Multifunctional CD4+ T cells correlate with active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Th1 CD4⁺ T cells and their derived cytokines are crucial for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Using multiparametric flow cytometry, we have evaluated the distribution of seven distinct functional states (IFN‐γ/IL‐2/TNF‐α triple expressors, IFN‐γ/IL‐2, IFN‐γ/TNF‐α or TNF‐α/IL‐2 double expressors or IFN‐γ, IL‐2 or TNF‐α single expressors) of CD4⁺ T cells in individuals with latent M. tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB). We found that triple expressors, while detectable in 85–90%TB patients, were only present in 10–15% of LTBI subjects. On the contrary, LTBI subjects had significantly higher (12‐ to 15‐fold) proportions of IL‐2/IFN‐γ double and IFN‐γ single expressors as compared with the other CD4⁺ T‐cell subsets. Proportions of the other double or single CD4⁺ T‐cell expressors did not differ between TB and LTBI subjects. These distinct IFN‐γ, IL‐2 and TNF‐α profiles of M. tuberculosis‐specific CD4⁺ T cells seem to be associated with live bacterial loads, as indicated by the decrease in frequency of multifunctional T cells in TB‐infected patients after completion of anti‐mycobacterial therapy. Our results suggest that phenotypic and functional signatures of CD4⁺ T cells may serve as immunological correlates of protection and curative host responses, and be a useful tool to monitor the efficacy of anti‐mycobacterial therapy.     

Decreases in alpha beta T cell receptor negative T cells and CD8 cells, and an increase in CD4+ CD8+ cells in active Hashimoto''s disease and subacute thyroiditis.

We examined peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, or subacute thyroiditis, in the active stage when possible. During destructive thyrotoxicosis arising from alpha beta T cell receptor (TCR) negative T (WT31-CD3+) cells and CD8 (CD4-CD8+) cells decreased and those of CD4+CD8+ cells increased slightly, resulting in proportional increases in CD4 (CD4+CD8-) cells, non-T, non-B (CD5-CD19-) cells, and the CD4/CD8 cell ratio. Changes were similar in active subacute thyroiditis. During stimulative thyrotoxicosis in active Graves' disease, the numbers of such T lymphocyte subsets were not changed, but only the number of CD5+ B (CD5+CD19+) cells increased markedly, resulting in proportional decreases in total T (CD3+) cells, alpha beta+ TCR T (WT31+CD3+) cells, CD8 cells, and non-T, non-B cells. A serial study of some of the patients showed opposite changes in alpha beta TCR- T cells, the CD4/CD8 cell ratio, and CD5+ B cells between the active stages of Graves' and Hashimoto's diseases. alpha beta TCR- T cells were mostly gamma delta TCR+ T (IIF2+ CD3+) cells in these patients. These data suggest that alpha beta TCR-T (gamma delta TCR+ T), CD8, and CD4+ CD8+ cells are important in thyroid destruction in Hashimoto's disease and subacute thyroiditis, and that CD5+ B cells are important in thyroid stimulation in Graves' disease.     

不同结核病患者CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞表达的变化

Objective To investigate the expression of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cell in patients with tuberculosis, and to discover its role in the immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods Thirty-three patients with tuberculosis and 30 healthy controls were selected who were consulted in our hospital. Patients were classified by their chemotherapy and smear sputum and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cell were detected by flow cytometry. Results Expression of CD4 + CD25high and CD4+ CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cell in experimental group were ( 8.84 ± 2.55 ) % and (6.30 ± 1.38 ) % respectively, which were significantly higher than they were in control group (t = 3.57,4. 01, P ＜ 0. 01 ). The expression of CD4 + CD25high and CD4+ CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cell in patients with positive smear sputum were also significant higher than that in patients with negative smear sputum ( t = 2. 51,2. 42,P ＜ 0.05). No significance was founded between the first-visit group and revisit group ( t = 0. 03, 0. 02, P ＞ 0.05 ). Conclusions CD4 + CD25high and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cell in patients with tuberculosis were higher than healthy control, which may result in immune suppression.     

Circulating CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes in patients with Kawasaki disease

We serially monitored cell surface antigen expression on mononuclear cells in peripheral blood isolated from patients with Kawasaki disease (KD), and found, for the first time, that a markedly increased number of CD4⁺CD8⁺ T lymphocytes was present in some of the patients (11 of the 24 cases). The cases of five of these 11 patients were complicated with coronary artery lesion (CAL); the 13 patients with normal numbers of CD4⁺CD8⁺ T lymphocytes did not have CAL. The patients' age, sex and grade of systemic inflammation evaluated by peripheral leucocyte count and serum C-reactive protein levels were not correlated to the number of CD4⁺CD8⁺ T lymphocytes. Other cell surface antigen characteristics of the CD4⁺CD8⁺ T lymphocytes included CD3⁺, CD45RA⁺, CD45RO⁺, CD16^?, and HLA-DR⁺. These results indicate that the surface antigen characteristics of the KD peripheral blood examined were the same as those of Epstein–Barr virus infection without CD45RA⁺. These findings provide useful information for the analysis of the pathogenesis of KD.