hIGF-1基因在退变椎间盘中的表达

[目的]探讨hIGF-1基因在退变椎间盘中的表达.[方法]参考文献[1～3]制备出椎间盘退变(intervertebral disk degeneration,IVDD)动物模型24只,随机分为Ad/CMV-hIGF-1、hIGF-1生长因子及PBS组,每组有新西兰大白兔8只.L4、5、L5、6椎间盘中分别注射第2代Ad/CMV-hIGF-1(8×108 PFU)、hIGF-1生长因子(100 μg/L)、PBS 25 μL.注射后1、2、4、8周,Western blot检测椎间盘中hIGF-1蛋白表达.[结果]hIGF-1蛋白带出现在7 539.96μ.Ad/CMV-hIGF-1、hIGF-1蛋白表达持续达4周以上,hIGF-1组表达持续约2周;PBS注射组无hIGF-1蛋白表达.[结论]hIGF-1基因能够在退变椎间盘中表达;hIGF-1基因转染表达的持续时间长于单纯hIGF-1生长因子直接注射.     

Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor-1 binding proteins after radical prostatectomy

PURPOSE: Elevated serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been consistently shown to be a risk factor for prostate cancer. Alterations in serum IGF-1 binding proteins 1 to 3 have also been associated with prostate cancer risk. A potentially important complication in these studies is that prostate tissue, perhaps especially malignant prostate tissue, may secrete IGF-1 and its binding proteins into serum. In fact, it is possible that altered levels of these proteins observed in subjects at risk for prostate cancer are the result of prostate cancer rather than related to its cause. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The contribution of prostate cancer to serum levels of IGF-1 and IGF-1 binding proteins was determined by analyzing serum samples from 86 patients with prostate cancer 2 weeks before and 8 weeks after radical prostatectomy. Preoperative and postoperative values for IGF-1 and its 3 major binding proteins were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis models. RESULTS: On univariate analysis significant increases and not decreases in IGF-1, IGF binding protein-1 and 3 were observed after prostatectomy. On multivariate analysis a significant post-prostatectomy increase was observed for IGF-1 binding proteins 1 and 3 but the increase in IGF-1 was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Increased levels of IGF-1 and IGF-1 binding proteins were unexpected after prostatectomy. This result makes it extremely unlikely that secretion from the prostate, even if it contains cancer, affects serum levels of these proteins. The implication of these findings is that endocrine production of IGF-1 is a factor in prostate cancer risk. Therefore, strategies to lower serum IGF-1 may be potentially useful.     

血清胰岛素样生长因子-1对小鼠乳腺癌组织凋亡相关基因表达的影响

目的 在肝特异性胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)基因缺失小鼠(LID小鼠)及正常小鼠体内建立原发性乳腺癌模型,比较不同血清IGF-1水平下凋亡相关基因的表达情况.方法 LID小鼠及正常小鼠各50只,用化学致癌剂7,12-二甲基苯蒽诱导原发性乳腺癌;分别随机选取25只小鼠使用人参皂甙Rg3进行干预治疗.比较各组肿瘤发生情况,应用流式细胞术及基因芯片技术分析凋亡相关基因的表达情况.结果 未管饲人参皂甙Rg3的正常小鼠乳腺癌发生率为66.7%,高于其他各组(P＜0.05);而管饲人参皂甙Rg3的LID小鼠乳腺癌发生率为12.0%,低于其他各组(P＜0.05).未管饲人参皂甙Rg3的正常小鼠肿瘤细胞凋亡比例为(2.7±0.7)%,而管饲人参皂甙Rg3的LID小鼠凋亡比例为(14.0±1.7)%.基因芯片显示正常小鼠与LID小鼠相比,LTA、LTB、TNF-α、TRAIL、TRANCE、BLK、BOK、CASP8、TRAF5、APAF1等基因表达下调,LTBR、TRAF4等基因表达上调.而应用人参皂甙Rg3治疗可改变以上基因的表达情况.结论 降低血清IGF-1水平可影响一系列凋亡相关基因的表达,从而促进细胞凋亡,对乳腺肿瘤的发生发展具有抑制作用.人参皂甙Rg3对这一效应具有协同作用.     

Mapping quantitative trait loci for serum insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in mice

Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and femoral bone mineral density (BMD) differ between two inbred strains of mice, C3H/HeJ (C3H) and C57BL/6J (B6), by approximately 30% and 50%, respectively. Similarly, skeletal IGF-1 content, bone formation, mineral apposition, and marrow stromal cell numbers are higher in C3H than in B6 mice. Because IGF-1 and several bone parameters cosegregate, we hypothesize that the serum IGF-1 phenotype has a strong heritable component and that genetic determinants for serum IGF-1 are involved in the regulation of bone mass. We intercrossed (B6 x C3H)F1 hybrids and analyzed 682 F2 female offspring at 4 months of age for serum IGF-1 by radioimmunoassay and femoral BMD by peripheral quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT). Genomic DNA was assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine alleles for 114 Mit markers inherited in F2 mice at average distances of 14 centimorgans (cM) along each chromosome (Chr). Serum IGF-1 levels in the F2 progeny were relatively normal in distribution, but showed a greater range than either progenitor, indicating that serum IGF-1 level is a polygenic trait with an estimated heritability of 52%. Serum IGF-1 correlated with femoral length (r = 0.266, p < 0.0001) and femoral BMD (r = 0.267, p < 0.0001). Whole genome scans for main effects associated with serum IGF-1 levels revealed three significant QTLs (in order of significance) on mouse Chrs 6, 15, and 10. The QTL on Chr 6 showed a significant reduction in IGF-1 associated with increasing C3H allele number, whereas the Chr 15 and Chr 10 loci showed additive effects with increasing C3H allele number. A genome-wide search for interacting marker pairs identified a significant interaction between the Chr 6 QTL and a locus on Chr 11. This interactive effect suggested that when the Chr 11 locus was homozygous for C3H, there was no effect of the Chr 6 locus on serum IGF-1; however, the combination of C3H alleles on Chr 6 with B6 alleles on Chr 11 was associated with reduced serum IGF-1 concentrations. To test this in vivo, we tested congenic mice carrying the Chr 6 QTL region from C3H on a B6 background (B6.C3H-6). Both serum IGF-1 and femoral BMD were significantly lower in female congenic than progenitor B6 mice. In summary, we identified three major QTLs on mouse Chrs 6, 10, and 15, and noted a major locus-locus interaction between Chrs 6 and 11. We named these QTLs IGF-1 serum levels (Igf1sl1 to Igf1sl4). Functional isolation of the Igf1sl1 QTL on Chr 6 for IGF-1 in B6.C3H-6 congenic mice demonstrated effects on both the IGF-1 and BMD phenotypes. The genetic determinants of these Igf1sl QTLs will provide much insight into the regulation of IGF-1 and the subsequent acquisition of peak bone mass.     

Effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plus alendronate on bone density during puberty in IGF-1-deficient MIDI mice

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) increases both bone formation and bone resorption processes. To test the hypothesis that treatment with an antiresorber along with IGF-1, during the pubertal growth phase, would be more effective than IGF-1 alone to increase peak bone mass, we used an IGF-1 MIDI mouse model, which exhibits a >60% reduction in circulating IGF-1 levels. We first determined an optimal IGF-1 delivery by evaluating IGF-1 administration (2 mg/kg body weight/day) by either a single daily injection, three daily injections, or by continuous delivery via a minipump during puberty. Of the three regimens, the three daily IGF-1 injections and IGF-1 through a minipump produced a significant increase in total body bone mineral density (BMD) (6.0% and 4.4%, respectively) and in femoral BMD (4.3% and 6.2%, respectively) compared with the control group. Single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration did not increase BMD. We chose IGF-1 administration three times daily for testing the combined effects of IGF-1 and alendronate (100 μg/kg per day). The treatment of IGF-1 + alendronate for a period of 2 weeks increased total body BMD at 1 week and 3 weeks after treatment (21.1% and 20.5%, respectively) and femoral BMD by 29% at 3 weeks after treatment. These increases were significantly greater than those produced by IGF-1 alone. IGF-1, but not alendronate, increased bone length. IGF-1 and/or alendronate increased both periosteal and endosteal circumference. Combined treatment caused a greater increase in the total body bone mineral content (BMC) and periosteal circumference compared with individual treatment with IGF-1 or alendronate. Our data demonstrate that: (1) inhibition of bone turnover during puberty increases net bone density; and (2) combined treatment with IGF-1 and alendronate is more effective than IGF-1 or alendronate alone in increasing peak bone mass in an IGF-1-deficient MIDI mouse model.     

Influence of insulin-like growth factor-1 and leptin on bone mass in healthy postmenopausal women

This study examines the influence of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and serum leptin on bone mass as well as modulation of bone mass during skeletal development. Moreover, an inverse relationship between IGF-1 and leptin is reported. To evaluate the effects of serum IGF-1 and serum leptin on bone mass in healthy postmenopausal women, and the possible role of IGF-1 in leptin production, we studied a population of 123 women, aged 39-82 years. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by whole-body dual-energy X ray absorptiometry, which also enables measurement of body composition. Bone metabolism was assessed by measuring serum total alkaline phosphatase (TAP) and urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine (HP/Cr) excretion. IGF-1 correlated significantly with age (r = -0.28, p < 0.01) and years since menopause (r = -0.24, p < 0.01). A negative correlation was also found with weight and body mass index (r = -0.15, p < 0.05 and r = -0.19, p < 0.05, respectively). Leptin values were strongly correlated with weight (r = 0.7, p < 0.01), BMI (r = 0.7, p < 0.01), fat mass (r = 0.77, p < 0.01), and lean mass (r = 0.39, p < 0.01); a significant correlation was found with total body BMD (r = 0.29, p < 0.01), TAP (r = 0.15, p < 0.05), and HP/Cr (r = 0.18, p < 0.05). After adjustment for BMI, the significance of these relationships disappeared, demonstrating the lack of effect of serum leptin on BMD and bone turnover independent of body weight. On the other hand, the relationship between BMD and fat mass remained statistically significant after adjusting for serum leptin (r = 0.15, p < 0.05). Controlling for BMI eliminated the significant inverse correlation between IGF-1 and leptin; significant differences in leptin levels were found among women in the lower and higher quartile of IGF-1, suggesting that leptin production may be inhibited only at high values of serum IGF-1. We conclude that serum IGF-1 and serum leptin have no direct effect on bone mass and bone turnover.     

Prevention of bone loss by injection of insulin-like growth factor-1 after sciatic neurectomy in rats

Injection of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) can prevent bone loss in sciatic nerve transaction rats.We try to investigate the action mechanism of IGF-1 on bone formation.Methods:A total of 40 adu...     

Autocrine/paracrine mechanism of insulin-like growth factor-1 secretion,and the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on proteoglycan synthesis in bovine intervertebral discs

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on proteoglycan synthesis and the autocrine/paracrine mechanisms involving insulin-like growth factor-1 in the bovine coccygeal intervertebral disc. Insulin-like growth factor-1 stimulated proteoglycan synthesis in cultured cells of the nucleus pulposus of bovine intervertebral discs in a dose-dependent manner, and the effect was inhibited by an anti-insulin-like growth factor-1 monoclonal antibody. In situ hybridization histochemistry revealed the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 mRNA in the cultured cells, and its production in these cells was demonstrated by radioimmunoassay. Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in the cultured cells was also demonstrated immunohistochemically. Scatchard analysis using an [¹²⁵I]insulin-like growth factor-1 binding assay showed that the cells cultured in monolayer had a single type of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, whose affinity and number were estimated to be 7.38 × 10⁸/M and 9.27 × 10⁴/cell, respectively. These results suggest that insulin-like growth factor-1 stimulates proteoglycan synthesis in cells of the nucleus pulposus and that these cells in culture have an insulin-like growth factor-1 autocrine/paracrine mechanism. The expressions of insulin-like growth factor-1 mRNA and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in disc tissue were greater in cells of the nucleus pulposus of fetal bovine intervertebral discs than in those of the adult discs. These findings suggest that the action of autocrine/paracrine insulin-like growth factor-1 is more active in cells of the young nucleus pulposus than in cells of mature subjects.     

Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha modulates pancreatic beta-cell growth by regulating the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 in INS-1 cells

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY3) is characterized by impaired insulin secretion. Heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1alpha are the cause of MODY3. Transgenic mice overexpressing dominant-negative HNF-1alpha mutant in pancreatic beta-cells and HNF-1alpha knockout mice are animal models of MODY3. These mice exhibit defective glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and have reduced beta-cell mass and beta-cell proliferation rate. Here we examined the effect of HNF-1alpha on beta-cell proliferation by overexpressing a human naturally occurring dominant- negative mutation P291fsinsC in INS-1 cells under the control of doxycycline-induction system. INS-1 cells overexpressing P291fsinsC showed apparent growth impairment. The proliferation rate estimated by [(3)H]thymidine incorporation was significantly reduced in P291fsinsC-expressing INS-1 cells compared with noninduced or wild-type HNF-1alpha-overexpressing INS-1 cells. Growth inhibition occurred at the transition from G1 to S cell cycle phase, with reduced expression of cyclin E and upregulation of p27. cDNA array analysis revealed that the expression levels of IGF-1, a major growth factor for beta-cells, and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a cytokine expressed in pancreatic beta-cells, were reduced in P291fsinsC-HNF-1alpha-expressing INS-1 cells. Although MIF seemed to have proliferative function, blockade of MIF action by anti-MIF antibody stimulated INS-1 cell proliferation, excluding its direct role in the growth impairment. However, addition of IGF-1 to P291fsinsC-expressing INS-1 cells rescued the growth inhibition. Our data suggest that HNF-1alpha is critical for modulating pancreatic beta-cell growth by regulating IGF-1 expression. IGF-1 might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of MODY3.     

绝经后骨质疏松与胰岛素样生长因子

目的骨质疏松是老年妇女常见病。绝经后骨丢失主要原因是骨重建单位的骨吸收与骨形成之间平衡失调。胰岛素样生长因子－１（ＩＧＦ－１）是由肝和骨骼合成的生长因子,它参与骨重建,增强成骨细胞活性。方法应用单光子骨密度仪测量非优势前臂桡尺骨中远端１／３交界处桡骨骨密度（ＢＭＤ）,ＢＭＤ低于０．６０１ｇ／ｃｍ２（ｘ－２ｓ）则诊断为骨质疏松。据此将７６名妇女分为绝经前正常妇女（ＮＯＰ１）、绝经后非骨质疏松妇女（ＮＯＰ２）和绝经后骨质疏松妇女（ＯＰ）三组,测定受试者ＩＧＦ－１水平及其他骨代谢指标。结果随着增龄和绝经年限延长,ＩＧＦ－１是维持骨质的重要因子,绝经后妇女增龄,雌激素缺乏,Ｅ２、ＰＴＨ升高可引起血清ＩＧＦ－１水平下降,ＯＰ组低于ＮＯＰ１、ＮＯＰ２组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。所有受试者的ＩＧＦ－１与ＢＭＤ、Ｅ２呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．００１）、与年龄（Ａｇｅ）、甲状旁腺激素（ＰＴＨ）呈显著负相关。结论绝经后骨质疏松为高转换率骨质疏松,ＩＧＦ－１水平下降,导致骨吸收超过骨形成,引起骨丢失和骨质疏松。表明ＩＧＦ－１合理用药可以预防骨质疏松     

The relationships among bone health, insulin-like growth factor-1 and sex hormones in adolescent female athletes

The aim of this study was to determine the relationships of bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and estradiol in pubertal female athletes. The participants were 170 healthy adolescent girls (13–15 years) who participated in competitive extramural athletic programs, i.e., sports games (n = 49), track sprinting (n = 24), rhythmic gymnastics (n = 23), swimming (n = 24) and cross-country skiing (n = 17). The control group (n = 33) consisted of girls who took part only in compulsory physical education classes at school. The whole-body BMD and femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD and BMC were measured using DXA, and the volumetric BMD was calculated. Venous blood samples to determine the concentration of IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and estradiol were drawn after an overnight fasting. After adjusting for age, body height and body mass, the relationships among BMD variables, IGF-1 and the IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio remained significant only in the rhythmic gymnast group. BMDs at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were also related to estradiol levels (r = 0.45–0.60; p < 0.05) only in the rhythmic gymnast group. No relationships were found among the measured BMD, IGF axis and estradiol in other athletic groups. Only BMC at the femoral neck remained associated with the IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio in the rhythmic gymnast group after adjusting for age, body height and body mass. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that IGF-1 and estradiol together explained 42.6% (R ² × 100) of total variance in the femoral neck BMD and IGF-1 alone 35.4% (R ² × 100) of the total variance in the femoral neck BMC only in the rhythmic gymnast group. We conclude that femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD correlated with IGF-1, IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio and estradiol in rhythmic gymnasts. No relationships were found between bone parameters and the hormones used in other athletic groups.     

Changes in bone mineral density,insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in kidney transplant recipients. A longitudinal study

BACKGROUND: Osteopenia is a major complication of renal transplantation (RTx). This cross-sectional and longitudinal study was planned to better define long-term bone status and relationship to IGF system components. METHODS: Serial measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) and serum markers were performed in 30 patients prior to RTx and at 6 and 12 months following RTx. Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), vitamin D, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were measured. RESULTS: Serum creatinine, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcine levels decreased, serum calcium levels increased and serum iPTH levels did not change significantly after transplantation. The mean BMD of the vertebrae was 0.97 +/- 0.22 g/cm(2) at the time of RTx, 0.87 +/- 0.21 g/cm(2) 6 months post-RTx (p < 0.05), and 0.81 +/- 0.21 g/cm(2) 12 months post-RTx (p < 0.05). Femur BMD also declined from 0.79 +/- 0.16 to 0.72 +/- 14 g/cm(2) at 12 months (p < 0.05). There was a significant increase in the IGF-1 and a significant reduction in the IGFBP-3 concentrations at 6 months post-RTx (p < 0.05). Significant correlations between serum IGF-1 concentrations and vitamin D concentrations were noted only at 6 months. There was no significant correlation between the BMD and serum IGF system. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate a significant loss of BMD after RTx. The circulating levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 stimulated by the reduction in BMD and IGF-1 secretion are increased in order to restore bone formation.     

Modulation of glomerular proteoglycans by insulin-like growth factor-1.

Effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF) on the synthesis of glomerular proteoglycans (PGs) in an ex vivo recirculating organ perfusion system was investigated. Kidneys were perfused with a medium (approximately 80 ml) containing [35S]-sulfate (250 microCi/ml) and IGF (62.5 to 625 ng/ml). After radiolabeling, a small cortical piece was saved for tissue autoradiography, and the remaining kidney and the perfusion medium were utilized for biochemical studies. The glomeruli were isolated; their PGs extracted and characterized. A two- to threefold increase of the total radioactivities in tissue and media fractions was observed with the exposure to IGF. By Sepharose CL-6B chromatography, the tissue PGs eluted as two peaks (A and B) with Kav = 0.24 and 0.48, and the majority of the radioactivity was confined to peak A. This peak contained intact PGs while peak B included glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains. Elution profiles of the glomerular PGs were similar in the control and IGF groups. However, there was a disproportionate increase of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate in the IGF group. The media fractions also had two peaks, and most of the radioactivity was associated with peak B containing GAG chains. A remarkable accentuation of peak B along with significant increase in the chondroitin/dermatan sulfate were observed in the IGF group. By DEAE-Sephacel chromatography, the PGs/GAGs of IGF group eluted at a relatively lower salt concentration as compared to the control. Autoradiography revealed a relatively high concentration of radioactivity over the mesangium as compared to the other cell types of the glomerulus. [35S]-methionine studies revealed a generalized increase of protein synthesis in the IGF group, but comparatively much less than that of PGs/GAGs. These results indicate that IGF enhances the biosynthesis of PGs/GAGs by various cell types of the renal glomerulus, especially that of the mesangial cell, as reflected by the selective increase of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate.     

胰岛素样生长因子-1基因转染骨髓间质干细胞移植对糖尿病大鼠骨折愈合的影响

目的 观察胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)基因转染的骨髓间质干细胞(BMSCs)移植对糖尿病大鼠骨折愈合的影响,探讨糖尿病骨折的基因疗法.方法 Wistar雄性6周龄大鼠50只,随机分为对照组、实验组,链脲佐菌素诱导为糖尿病模型后均造成右侧胫骨骨折,体外高糖环境下Ad-IGF-1转染BMSCs,将相应组别的BMSCs移植于骨折局部.于1、2、3、4、6周摄X线,取局部骨痂行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,并免疫组织化学检测骨痂中IGF-1,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清IGF-1.结果 第4周骨痂IGF-1灰度值:实验组为103±5,对照组为109±4(P＜0.05).第4周血清IGF-1浓度:实验组为(668.80±8.07) ng/L,对照组为(569.20±9.31) ng/L(P ＜0.01).结论 IGF-1基因转染的BMSCs移植能促进糖尿病大鼠的骨折愈合.     

高糖对骨形态发生蛋白-2、胰岛素样生长因子-1基因转染大鼠骨髓基质干细胞增殖的影响

目的 观察高糖环境下骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)和胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)基因转染大鼠骨髓基质干细胞(BMSC)后BMSC的增殖.方法 用Ad-BMP-2和Ad-IGF-1转染大鼠BMSC,Wester blot检测蛋白表达.噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法及流式细胞术检测细胞增殖.结果 Western blot检测到转染组细胞中有目的 蛋白表达.MTT结果显示第5天细胞增殖能力达到高峰,5 d光吸收值:A～E组分别为0.324±0.027、0.319±0.017、0.622±0.028、0.626±0.020、0.778±0.031.流式细胞术结果显示A～E组细胞处于增殖期的比重分别为23.92±3.07、23.51±2.11、34.37±6.85、35.04±1.45、42.56±1.15.结论 高糖环境下BMP-2和IGF-1基因转染均能促进BMSC增殖,联合转染对BMSC增殖有协同效应.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the proliferation of bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transfected by bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor-1 ( IGF-1 ) gene under high glucose condition.Methods Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-IGF-1 transfected rat BMSC,protein expression of BMSC were detected by Western blotting analysis.Methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay and flow cytometry to observe the proliferation potential of BMSC.Results In the Western blotting analysis,positive signal lane of protein was observed in transfected group.MTT assay show that proliferation reached the peak in all groups on the fifth day,and the absorbency values of A to E group were 0.324 ± 0.027,0.319 ± 0.017,0.622 ±0.028,0.626 ± 0.020,0.778 ± 0.031.Flow cytometry show that the proliferative percentage from A to E group were 23.92 ±3.07,23.51 ±2.11,34.37 ±6.85,35.04 ± 1.45,42.56 ± 1.15.Conclusion BMP-2 or IGF-1 can promote the proliferation of BMSC under high glucose condition,but the combined has the synergy effect.     

Prostatic fluid-free insulin-like growth factor-1 in relation to prostate cancer

OBJECTIVES: To establish the feasibility of measuring free insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in prostatic fluid and to determine if there is a difference in free IGF-1 levels in the prostatic fluid of patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma and in normal men. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prostatic fluid samples were collected from men with histologically confirmed prostate cancer and from control subjects with no malignancy. Prostatic fluid and serum free IGF-1 levels were measured in duplicate by radioimmunoassay, and the differences analysed using the Mann-Whitney U-test and Pearson correlation. RESULTS: Prostatic fluid free IGF-1 concentrations did not differ significantly (P = 0.23) and there was no difference in serum free IGF-1 levels between the groups. While serum PSA level was significantly correlated with age (P < 0.001) the free IGF-1 level of prostatic fluid was not. There was also no correlation between prostatic fluid free IGF-1 and serum PSA levels. CONCLUSIONS: Free IGF-1 can be detected in prostatic fluid with acceptable sensitivity. However, the free IGF-1 level in prostatic fluid does not help to detect patients with prostate cancer and is not a tumour marker.