血清PCSK9与妊娠期糖尿病患者糖脂代谢以及胰岛素抵抗的相关性研究

目的 分析血清前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(PCSK9)与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者糖脂代谢以及胰岛素抵抗(IR)的关系.方法 选取我院在2019年3月至2020年6月期间收治的GDM患者86例作为研究组,另选取同期在我院进行产检的健康孕妇40例作为对照组.分析血清PCSK9在所有研究对象中的表达情况,分析GDM患者血清PCSK9与糖脂代谢指标的相关性,分析GDM患者HOMA-IR的影响因素.结果 研究组治疗前的血清PCSK9水平(103.84±15.97 ng/mL)明显高于对照组(67.58±10.49 ng/mL)(P<0.05),治疗后血清PCSK9水平(85.26±12.33 ng/mL)明显低于治疗前(P<0.05),但仍高于对照组(P<0.05).研究组的体质量指数(孕前)、三酰甘油、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后1 h血糖(1h PG)、餐后2h血糖(2h PG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).GDM患者血清PCSK9水平与三酰甘油、总胆固醇、LDL-C、FBG、1h PG、2h PG、FINS、HOMA-IR均呈正相关(P<0.05).多元线性回归分析显示,FBG、FINS以及PCSK9均是GDM患者HOMA-IR的影响因素(P<0.05).结论 PCSK9与GDM患者的糖脂代谢和IR密切相关,可能参与了疾病的发生、发展.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者血PAI-1和uPA含量的变化

目的观察多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者外周血纤溶酶原激活抑制物1(PAI-1)和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)的水平。方法实验分PCOS组和对照组,PCOS组又分为肥胖组和正常体重组,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定PCOS组与对照组患者血浆PAI-1及血清uPA水平,并测定体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素及胰岛素释放试验(IRT),以稳态模型公式评估胰岛素抵抗(IR),并计算胰岛素曲线下面积(AUC)。结果PCOS组与对照组相比,黄体生成素/卵泡刺激素(LH/FSH)、睾酮(T)、空腹血糖、稳态(HOMA)指数、AUC及PAI-1含量均显著升高(P<0.05)。其中,PCOS肥胖组与正常体重组相比,HOMA指数、AUC及PAI-1含量也显著升高(P<0.05)。在相关性分析中,PAI-1与HOMA指数、PAI-1与AUC、PAI-1与BMI、HOMA-IR与BMI均有显著相关性(P<0.0001)。结论胰岛素抵抗和肥胖是影响PCOS患者PAI-1水平升高的一个很重要因素,抗PAI-1的研究可能为多囊卵巢综合征的治疗提供一个新的方法。     

血清IL-7在多囊卵巢综合征患者中的表达及意义

目的研究白细胞介素7(IL-7)在多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)患者血清中的表达水平,探讨血清IL-7与PCOS的相关性及其意义。方法选取PCOS患者35例和对照组32例。用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测受试者血清中IL-7水平,并测量身高、体重并计算体重指数。测定血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成激素(LH)、睾酮(T)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(INS)。采用HOMA-IR公式计算胰岛素抵抗指数。结果 PCOS组血清IL-7水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。PCOS组内IL-7水平与体重指数(BMI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及LH/FSH比值呈正相关(P0.05),与血清T水平无相关性(P0.05)。结论 IL-7在PCOS患者血清中高表达,并与胰岛素抵抗有关,PCOS可能是一种慢性炎症性疾病。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者复方醋酸环丙孕酮治疗前后激素和糖代谢变化的临床观察

为观察达英-35治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)在明显降低黄体生成素(LH)及睾酮(T)水平,改善患者内分泌状况的同时,是否改善其胰岛素抵抗(IR),35例PCOS患者服用复方醋酸环丙孕酮(达英-35)治疗3个周期,观察用药前后临床特征、血清激素水平、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素(FIN)的变化.结果显示,治疗后34例PCOS患者月经恢复,多毛及痤疮评分下降(P<0.01),双侧卵巢体积明显缩小(P<0.01).血清LH、FSH、T水平和LH/FSH明显下降(P<0.01).FIN水平明显下降(P<0.01),IR也有相应降低(P<0.01),空腹血糖(FBG)和胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)无明显改变(P>0.05).达英-35有很强的抗雄作用,明显改善了PCOS患者的内分泌状况和临床症状.     

多种脂源性细胞因子与2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗相关

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者多种脂源性细胞因子与胰岛素抵抗作用关系。方法选择T2DM患者40例,根据BMI水平分为每20例为1组的obesity组和non-obesity组及正常对照组20人,检测血清空腹胰岛素(FINs)、空腹血糖(FPG)、血浆脂质(TG、TC、LDL、HDL)、脂联素(APN)、C1q/TNF相关蛋白3(CTRP3)、瘦素(leptin)及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)等指标,根据HOMA公式,计算HOMA-AR并分析各指标之间相关性。结果 1)与正常对照组比较,T2DM组血清APN和CTRP3水平明显降低,leptin和TNF-α水平升高;与non-obesity组比较,obesity组APN和CTRP3的水平明显降低(P0.05或P0.01),leptin水平升高(P0.05);2)相关分析发现,APN浓度与年龄、BMI、FPG、TC、TG、LDL、FINs和HOMA-IR呈负相关(P0.05);CTRP3与FPG、FINs和HOMA-AR呈负相关(P0.05),与TG呈正相关(P0.05);leptin与FPG呈负相关(P0.05);TNF-α与FPG呈正相关(P0.05)。结论2型糖尿病患者血清中低APN、CTRP3和高leptin水平与肥胖和HOMA-IR密切相关可能是发病因子,其中FPG和TG作为独立因子,可作为评价胰岛素抵抗程度的新的敏感指标。     

2型糖尿病患者血尿酸水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性分析

目的:回顾性分析2型糖尿病(T2DM)人群高尿酸(UA)血症患者血UA水平与胰岛素抵抗(IR)之间的关系。方法:收集2016-01—2018-05共1 273例住院T2DM患者病历资料,根据血UA水平分为正常UA组(NHG组,n=698)和高UA血症组(HG组,n=575),比较两组一般资料和血UA水平等指标的差异,分析高UA血症患者血UA水平等与稳态模型评估的胰岛抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)的相关性。结果:1 273例患者中高UA血症575例(占45.2%),与NHG组相比,HG组HOMA-IR、血UA、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、体重指数(BMI)和吸烟史均显著升高(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)明显降低(P<0.05);而且UA、FBG、HbA1c、FINS、BUN、Cr、TC、LDL-C、BMI和吸烟史均与HOMA-IR水平呈明显正相关(P<0.05),与HDL-C呈负相关(P<0.05)。但经过增加变量BMI、LDL-C、HbA1c、FBG、FINS的多元Logistic回归分析显示,血UA与HOMA-IR并无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论:高UA血症与IR呈正相关,但可能并不是IR的独立危险因素。     

PCOS患者血脂、激素、糖耐量和胰岛素抵抗指数及其与BMI、GAUC的相关性分析

目的 分析多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血脂、性激素、糖耐量和胰岛素抵抗指数及其与体重指数(BMI)、血糖曲线下面积(GAUC)的相关性.方法 将辽阳市第三人民医院60例PCOS患者作为研究对象,其中非胰岛素抵抗患者(31例)为对照组,胰岛素抵抗患者(29例)为研究组.比较两组激素、血脂、胰岛素抵抗指数和糖耐量的情况,并通过Pearson相关性分析胰岛素抵抗指数与胰岛素抵抗患者BMI、GAUC的关系.结果 相比对照组,研究组患者BMI、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的水平均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05),而两组患者总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平的比较,均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);两组患者黄体生成素、雌二醇及卵泡刺激素水平的比较,均无明显差异(均P ＞0.05);相比对照组,研究组胰岛素抵抗指数、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素及GAUC的水平均显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);PCOS胰岛素抵抗患者的胰岛素抵抗指数与BMI、GAUC均存在显著相关性(均P＜0.01).结论 PCOS胰岛素抵抗患者BMI、甘油三酯、HDL、胰岛素抵抗指数、空腹血糖及GAUC均明显升高,并且胰岛素抵抗指数与BMI、GAUC均存在显著的正相关关系,提示提高体重与葡萄糖耐量可能会增加PCOS胰岛素抵抗患者发病的可能性.     

血清胰淀素水平与2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的：探讨2型糖尿病（DM2）血清胰淀素水平的变化,研究胰淀素与胰岛素抵抗（IR）的关系。方法：收集初诊DM2患者46例,另选健康对照组41例,检测所有受试者空腹状态下胰淀素和血脂、血尿酸、空腹血糖及胰岛素水平,同时测定体重指数（BMI）和腰臀比（WHR）,比较各组间差异。结果：与正常组相比,DM2组的胰淀素水平亦较对照组低（P〈0.05）,胰岛素抵抗指数（Homa-IR）显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。胰淀素与体重指数、腰臀比、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素水平、Homa-IR、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油呈显著负相关,与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈显著正相关。与胰岛β细胞功能、血清胆固醇、血尿酸无相关性。逐步多元回归分析提示腰臀比和空腹胰岛素水平是影响胰淀素水平最显著的因素。结论：DM2患者存在IR、低胰淀素血症,低胰淀素血症可能与DM2的IR互为因果。     

多囊卵巢综合征外周血miRNA-93的表达及作用意义

目的探究外周血miRNA-93在PCOS患者的表达情况及临床意义。方法选取本院妇产科就诊的40例PCOS患者为观察组,同时选取50例非PCOS患者为对照组。采用己糖激酶法检测各血清标本中空腹血糖(Fasting blood sugar,FBS);放射免疫法测定总睾酮(Total testosterone,TT)、雄烯二酮(androstenedione)和性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG,sex hormone-binding globulin)的水平,生化分析仪检测血清超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)的水平;电化学发光法测定空腹血清胰岛素(fasting serum insulin,FSI);计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR);QRT-PCR检测外周血miRNA-93的表达水平。结果观察组患者血清FSI和TT激素指标均明显升高(P0.05),且HOMA-IR值也显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组血清miRNA-93水平显著高于对照组(P0.05);PCOS患者血清miRNA-93与胰岛素、HOMA-IR和TT指标均没有明显的相关性;PCOS患者的miRNA-93最佳cutoff值为1.035,其中敏感性70.0%,特异性67.5%,AUC值0.704。结论 PCOS患者血清miRNA-93的表达显著高于对照组,对于PCOS患者miRNA-93的检测将有助于临床上对该疾病的诊断和治疗效果。     

血清镁在多囊卵巢综合征患者中的水平及临床意义

目的 探究血清镁在多囊卵巢综合征患者中的临床意义.方法 选择在我院就诊的40例PCOS患者为观察组.同时,本研究选取40例非PCOS患者为对照组.检测所有患者血清空腹血糖、镁、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及胰岛素水平.结果 观察组患者TG、胰岛素和HOMA-IR水平均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),而FBS、TC、HDL、LDL水平则没有明显的改变,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);观察组血清镁水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.001);血清镁水平诊断PCOS患者的最佳cutoff值为1.505mmoL/L,其中灵敏度80.0％,特异性82.5％,AUC值0.829.结论 PCOS患者血清镁水平明显降低,并且患者血清镁诊断PCOS诊断准确性中等,具有一定的临床参考价值.     

Rates of oxygen consumption and of anaerobic glycolysis in renal cortex and medulla of adult and new-born rats and guinea-pigs

1. Rates of oxygen uptake and of anaerobic glycolysis were estimated in slices from the renal cortex and medulla (a) of adult rats and guinea-pigs, (b) of new-born (1-, 5- and 21-day-old) rats and of guinea-pigs of 1, 12, 21, 24 and 120 hr age.2. In the adult rat, Q(O2) values for the cortex were 12.55 +/- 0.20 (22) and for the medulla: 8.56 +/- 0.17 (22) mul./hr.mg dry weight, while in the new-born rat (24 hr old) they were 10.99 +/- 0.46 (12) and 9.33 +/- 0.18 (9) mul./hr.mg dry weight respectively.3. Values for Q(CO2) (N2) (anaerobic glycolysis) in the 14 hr old new-born rat were in the renal cortex 9.65 +/- 0.35 (5) and in the medulla 7.39 +/- 0.43 (5) mul./hr.mg dry weight; while in the adult they were 2.25 +/- 0.08 (16) and 5.76 +/- 0.14 (16) mul./hr.mg dry weight, respectively.4. In the adult guinea-pig values for Q(CO2) (N2) were of the same order as in the adult rat, though the rate of O(2) uptake was for the cortex 8.12 +/- 0.22 (12) and for the medulla 5.02 +/- 0.23 (11) mul./hr.mg dry weight.5. Though the Q(O2) values in the renal cortex and medulla were smaller in the 1 hr old new-born guinea-pig, they were already increasing in the 12 hr old neonate.6. The results are discussed in the light of enzyme changes occurring during the process of maturation of the nephron as indicated by histochemical observations.     

Timing and intensity of early fevers and the development of allergies and asthma

BACKGROUND: Early childhood fevers appear to protect against later allergies and asthma. What is not known is the time in which fevers exert this effect and whether the degree of temperature increase is important. OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine the relationship between the time and degree of early fevers and later allergies and asthma. METHODS: Eight hundred thirty-five children from southeast Michigan were enrolled at birth. Clinic records from their first 2 years were abstracted for episodes of fever. At age 6 to 7 years, children underwent allergy testing. We examined fevers occurring within 6-month intervals in the first 2 years of life and outcomes at age 6 to 7 years. The primary outcome measures were allergic sensitization, asthma, asthma with allergic sensitization, and asthma without allergic sensitization. RESULTS: In the unadjusted analysis each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months of age was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54-0.93) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.90) at age 6 to 7 years. Likewise, every 1 degrees C increase in the maximum temperature between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower odds of allergic sensitization (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.96) and asthma with allergic sensitization (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.94). After adjusting for potential confounders, each episode of fever between 7 and 12 months was associated with a lower likelihood of asthma with allergic sensitization (adjusted OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.94) at age 6 to 7 years. CONCLUSIONS: Both the timing and intensity of childhood fevers appear to be important factors in the development of allergies and asthma.     

Modes of reinforcement and gender and culture of experimenter and subject: effects of "alien" and external reinforcement for Japanese and American men and women

In this study, we examined external and "alien" reinforcement (ER and AR. respectively) as a factor in social learning, and studied the combined effects of culture and reinforcement mode. A female (Experiment 1) and a male (Experiment 2) experimenters conducted experimental sessions. Both men and women, who grew up in the same culture as the experimenter, participated and performed the experimental task. A three-way interaction effect of experimenter gender, culture, and reinforcement mode was found on task performance. And the effect was more pronounced for a Japanese experimenter. A female and a male experimenters conducted Experiments 3 and 4, respectively; however participants this time were men and women who grew up in different cultures than the experimenter. Results indicated that the pattern of the subject gender and reinforcement mode interaction effect, when the experimenter was Japanese with American subjects, was exactly opposite to that when the experimenter was American. These experiments showed that AR was as effective for social learning as ER, and that the cultural backgrounds of experimenter and subject influenced AR and ER effectiveness.     

纳米水平分子成像与诊疗一体化研究进展与挑战

分子成像能以非侵入性的方式重现活体细胞的生理功能和生物学过程,提高疾病的早期和特异性诊断水平。纳米颗粒/材料具有物理性质可控性高、易于表面修饰、血液循环时间长和可功能化等优点,在疾病诊断与治疗中显示出巨大潜力。但如何阐明纳米材料多功能间的内在联系、解决其代谢及安全性等关键机制难题、实现纳米颗粒/材料多功能性到临床多功能...