胰岛素笔注射针头重复使用保存方法的探讨

目的探讨胰岛素笔注射针头多次使用的安全性，以节约患者开支。方法将60例接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者按入院先后顺序随机分为常温组和冰箱保存组各30例，常温组注射后胰岛素笔放于清洁干燥容器中常温保存备用；冰箱保存组注射后胰岛素笔放于冰箱冷藏室中保存备用。采用咽拭子细菌培养的方法，比较2组注射针头在第1、3、5、7天细菌生长情况。结果无论室温保存或是冰箱保存，所有标本均未见细菌生长。结论在临床工作中，胰岛素笔注射针头可重复使用，但必须专人专用，常温保存与冰箱保存均能达到同样效果。     

居家胰岛素专用注射器重复使用安全次数探讨

目的探讨居家胰岛素专用注射器安全使用次数,提高病人胰岛素治疗依从性。方法对72例糖尿病需胰岛素治疗的病人随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组采用专用胰岛素注射器,对照组采用普通1 ml注射器。比较两组首次注射的疼痛程度及出现3级以上疼痛时注射器的使用次数,比较两组注射器重复使用过程中局部皮肤感染发生率。结果两种注射器首次注射的疼痛程度及出现3级以上疼痛时注射器重复使用次数比较,差异均有统计学意义;两组均无局部皮肤感染发生。结论胰岛素专用注射器可重复使用至针头变钝为止,一般60次左右是安全的,可提高病人胰岛素治疗依从性。     

胰岛素注射器针头长度对药物功效的影响

注射胰岛素应选用标准胰岛素注射器。1ml标准胰岛素注射器的针头应为 2 7号或 2 8号 ,3/8或 5 /8英寸长 ,使用时能到达皮下组织。用较长针头的注射器代替标准胰岛素注射器 ,会直接影响药物的吸收速度和不同药物的配比剂量。例如 ,用 1英寸 2 5号针头注射胰岛素会进入肌肉 ,在肌肉中人体吸收胰岛素的速度过快 ,改变了药物对人体的功效。另外 ,标准胰岛素注射针头没有死腔 (死腔是指注射完后残留在针头内的药液体积 ) ,而1英寸 2 5号针头有 0 .0 7ml (7个单位 )的死腔。只注射一种胰岛素时 ,可以不必考虑死腔的存在 ,而当注射混合型胰岛素时必…     

胰岛素笔注射针头重复使用保存方法的探讨

目的 探讨胰岛素笔注射针头多次使用的安全性,以节约患者开支.方法 将60例接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者按入院先后顺序随机分为常温组和冰箱保存组各30例,常温组注射后胰岛素笔放于清洁干燥容器中常温保存备用;冰箱保存组注射后胰岛素笔放于冰箱冷藏室中保存备用.采用咽拭子细菌培养的方法 ,比较2组注射针头在第1、3、5、7天细菌生长情况.结果 无论室温保存或是冰箱保存,所有标本均未见细菌生长.结论 在临床工作中,胰岛素笔注射针头可重复使用,但必须专人专用,常温保存与冰箱保存均能达到同样效果.     

自我注射胰岛素

方法 (1)物品准备:胰岛素、胰岛素专用带针头的注射器、酒精消毒棉。(2)将胰岛素液抽吸入注射器内。(3)消毒注射部位。(4)呈45°～90°角进针。(5)不见回血后注入药液。(6)注入后用酒精棉按压针眼部,同时拔针。注意事项 (1)消毒后的皮肤不要被衣服等污染。(2)抽吸药液后,防止针头污染,要套上针     

改进灭菌注射器包装的实验观察

临床上多数采用两侧多孔不锈钢方盆盛装注射器。在使用过程中盒内未使用的注射器在频繁揭盖取注射器及针头时可受到尘埃和细菌不断污染。本文用医用灭菌包装纸做成雏形套简套在注射器针头上．通过实验检测，认为该法操作简便、经济、效果好．值得推广。！方法1．1旧法包装：取处理合格sml、Zm！注射器各25副．针头50个（针头插于纱布缝制的针头布上）排列垫有棉垫的方盒里．拉开盒两侧气孔．用包装带打结．盒外挂牌，贴有3m胶带．使用科室、数量、型号、包装者．有效期后送高压蒸汽灭菌。1．2新法包装：取石家庄造纸厂生产的医用灭菌包装纸…     

糖尿病患者重复使用胰岛素注射笔针头对血糖控制及皮肤损害的研究

目的:研究糖尿病患者胰岛素注射笔针头重复使用次数与血糖控制、注射部位皮肤损害情况。方法:随访调查近3年曾在我院接受治疗的院外自行注射胰岛素的糖尿病患者,按胰岛素注射笔针头使用情况选择200例并分为A、B两组各100例,A组每次更换针头;B组每注射3次更换1次针头,比较两组患者血糖、糖基化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的控制以及患者皮肤损害情况。结果:每次更换注射针头的A组患者皮下硬结、出血淤血、皮下脂肪萎缩发生情况明显少于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:重复使用胰岛素注射笔针头对血糖控制及注射部位皮肤损害比较大,在糖尿病教育中应采取更积极的干预措施,以降低患者重复使用针头,最大限度地减少由于针头重复使用而引起的并发症。     

一次性胰岛素注射针头在糖尿病患者中的使用现状分析与研究

总结了一次性胰岛素注射针头在临床治疗中重复使用的现状。随着胰岛素注射笔使用患者的增多,因患者的经济状况、自认为未出现不良反应而疏忽、不知道重复使用针头的危害性等原因,重复使用一次性注射针头的现象十分普遍。认为护理人员应通过健康教育和护理干预,让患者充分认识重复使用一次性注射针头的危害,指导其正确使用,减少重复使用频次,从而降低因重复使用造成的各种损害。     

抚州农村糖尿病患者重复使用胰岛素笔针头的调查分析与临床护理对策

目的探究抚州农村糖尿病患者重复使用胰岛素笔针头的情况以及临床护理对策。方法选择2015年6月~2017年9月抚州农村130例行胰岛素笔注射进行血糖控制的糖尿病患者为研究对象,调查其重复使用胰岛素笔针头的原因并提出相应的临床护理对策以减少胰岛素笔针头的重复使用。结果知道胰岛素注射健康教育相关知识者占13.08%,部分知道者占46.92%,不知道者占40.00%;重复使用2~3次更换针头者占15.38%,重复使用3~4次更换针头者占36.15%,重复使用5~6次更换针头者占40.77%,重复使用≥7次更换针头者占8.46%。由于多次使用好像无副作用而重复使用者占26.15%,为了减少开支不更换针头者占40.00%,由于已习惯了重复使用而重复使用者占16.15%,因为更换针头麻烦而重复使用者则占6.92%,因从未接受过指导/医护人员没有提过而重复使用者占8.46%,由于其他原因而重复使用者占2.31%。结论抚州农村糖尿病患者对每次需更换胰岛素笔针头的认识不足,提示在糖尿病患者的健康教育中应注意加强相关知识的宣教。     

穴位注射法治疗丛集性头痛24例

目的:观察穴位注射法治疗丛集性头痛的疗效。方法:取穴：头维、阳白；药物：地塞米松 20g／L普鲁卡因，每穴注射1mL的混合液。疗程：1个疗程8～16d天共注射4次，每次治疗的间隔时间为隔日1次或每4d 1次。结果:共治疗24例丛集性头痛患者：1次治疗后头痛发作停止者5例(5／24，20．8％)；2次治疗后头痛发作停止者11例(1l／24，45．8％)；3次治疗后头痛发作停止者5例(5／24，20．8％)；4次治疗后头痛发作停止者1例(1／24，4．16％)。故在1个疗程内发作被控制者91．6％(22／24)，还有2例于6次治疗后头痛发作被控制。结论:穴位注射法治疗丛集性头痛简便、安全、经济、有效。     

Reuse of disposable syringe-needle units in the diabetic patient

A comparison was made between reuse of plastic disposable needle-syringe units and glass syringes with daily new needles in diabetic patients who take daily insulin injections. Parameters studied were incidence of infection, clarity of syringe readings, ability to use syringe, and sharpness of needle. The plastic disposable units could be reused with safety and patient satisfaction by most patients for at least 3 days. Considerable cost benefit could accrue if disposable units were used more than one time for insulin injections.     

Reuse of disposable syringe-needle units in the diabetic patient

A comparison was made between reuse of plastic disposable needle-syringe units and glass syringes with daily new needles in diabetic patients who take daily insulin injections. Parameters studied were incidence of infection, clarity of syringe readings, ability to use syringe, and sharpness of needle. The plastic disposable units could be reused with safety and patient satisfaction by most patients for at least 3 days. Considerable cost benefit could accrue if disposable units were used more than one time for insulin injections.     

Outcome of multiple usage of disposable syringes in the insulin-requiring diabetic

The majority of diabetics in this country use disposable syringes and needle units for their insulin injections. Health care providers have traditionally recommended that these disposable syringes be discarded after each use to reduce the possibility of infection; manufacturer's instructions also state that the disposable syringes are to be used once and then discarded. Despite the limited research in this area, many American diabetic teaching programs have recently adopted a policy of encouraging ambulatory diabetics to reuse their syringes. However, the subject remains controversial. Of 166 subjects surveyed at a diabetic clinic, 74 (44.6%) reused their insulin syringes. Four syringes were found to be contaminated with normal skin flora. No pathogenic organisms were isolated. In addition, 15.1% of the subjects did not clean their hands or the site prior to the injection.     

Comparison of injection techniques for soluble and protamine zinc insulins in diabetes mellitus.

Soluble and protamine zinc insulins were given to six insulin-dependent diabetic patients using three different techniques of administration to determine whether the recommended single injection of the insulins, from separate syringes with the needle redirected, compared more closely with separate injections or with a single injection from the same syringe. It was shown that the mixture of the two insulins in the same syringe resulted in both a significant loss of the initial rapid effect of soluble insulin and an increased protamine zinc action with the risk of late night-time hypoglycaemia. A single injection of the insulins, using separate syringes and redirecting needle, gave at least as satisfactory control of the 24-hour blood glucose profile as when they were given by separate injections.     

Reuse of discarded syringes in residences of children and teenagers with diabetes mellitus

Inadequate or insufficient supply of medication and material to apply insulin leads families to resort to a variety of strategies, such as the practice of reusing dischargeable syringes in order to reduce the expenses with the illness. This is a study aimed at evaluating the practice of insulin application, analyzing the practice of syringe reuse and describing the most frequent changes of application sites. It is a comparative, transversal survey carried out with 199 diabetic children and adolescents. It was developed at the diabetes' Outpatient Unit of the Hospital das Clínicas' Child Institute, of the University of S?o Paulo's School of Medicine. The studied population was divided in two groups: in Group A were those who reused the syringes, and in Group B those who did not. A common strategy was rewrapping the needle without previously cleaning it and keeping it inside or outside the refrigerator in a closed container. The most common complaint was pain. The hospital and the nurse were responsible for the orientation for that practice.     

Performance of disposable needle syringe systems for local anesthesia

The performance of different disposable needle syringe systems was determined by measuring needle-puncture pain, needle-bending forces, and the fluid dynamics of the systems. Thirty-gauge needles cause less needle-puncture pain than any other needle. The force required to bend the 30-gauge needle irreversibly was lower than that for the other needles. Studies of the fluid dynamics of different needle syringe assemblies demonstrated that the flow rate can be limited by using large-size syringes (30 mL) and needles with the smallest internal diameter. On the basis of the results of this study, 30-gauge needles attached to 10-mL syringes are recommended for infiltration anesthesia, and 25-gauge needles with 10-mL syringes are advocated for regional nerve blocks. In infiltration anesthesia, the local anesthetic agent should be injected slowly into the subdermal tissue over a 10-second period. When performing regional nerve blocks, it is also advisable to inject the local anesthetic agent over a 10-second time interval.     

Use of a large bore syringe creates significantly fewer high intensity transient signals (HITS) into a cardiopulmonary bypass system than a small bore syringe

INTRODUCTION: High intensity transient signals (HITS) have been reported to occur following perfusionist intervention during cardiac surgery. This study investigates the relationship of the syringe bore, injection rate, and HITS created. METHODS: Syringes (10 mL) with a male luer-lock connection (Large Bore) and Abboject 'jet syringes' with a 20 GA needle and male luer-lock connector (Small Bore) were filled with 10 mL of 0.9 N saline. A perfusionist was randomly assigned a set of four similar syringes followed by the other syringe bore. Each of the four syringes was injected into an in vitro saline-primed cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) system over 5, 10, 15, or 20 sec. Sixteen randomizations of small and large bore syringes were completed at the four injection times (128 injections). HITS in the CPB arterial line were detected with transcranial Doppler (TCD) probes, were recorded for the 2 min following the injection, and were counted independently off-line by two reviewers. RESULTS: The use of a large bore syringe compared to a small bore syringe created significantly fewer HITS (29 +/- 6 versus 145 +/- 17 [mean +/- SEM], p<0.001) introduced into the CPB arterial line. Injection over a longer time produced significantly fewer HITS than shorter injection times (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Significantly fewer HITS are introduced into the CPB system by using standard syringes and slower injection time.     

使用玻璃注射器与一次性注射器行动脉穿刺的可行性研究

作者使用玻璃注射器与一次性注射器对64人次行动脉穿刺进行比较,随机分为玻璃组与一次性组各32人次。结果表明:一次性注射器涩滞,针头进入动脉血管,血液不易自动吸出。而玻璃注射器其表面光滑,针头进入动脉血管,血液自动吸出。穿刺成功率明显优于一次性注射器。建议行动脉穿刺使用玻璃注射器。     

社区糖尿病患者胰岛素笔用针头使用情况调查与护理干预

目的了解社区糖尿病患者胰岛素笔用针头使用情况,提出护理干预措施。方法自行设计胰岛素笔用针头使用情况调查表,对100例社区糖尿病患者进行调查,针对使用缺陷进行护理干预。结果胰岛素笔用针头重复使用6次、用乙醇擦拭针头、注射前未排气、进针角度不合适、注射后针头未在皮下停留10 s以上等,是社区糖尿病患者使用胰岛素笔用针头的主要问题。通过针对性护理干预,患者对胰岛素笔用针头正确使用技能显著提高。结论加强对社区糖尿病患者规范使用胰岛素笔用针头的教育,对保证胰岛素治疗效果、预防不良反应有重要意义。     

一次性无菌医疗用品的生物监测结果分析

目的了解一次性无菌医疗用品的合格情况,探讨对其进行生物监测的必要性。方法对新购进的每批次不同型号的一次性无菌医疗用品进行无菌试验,经静脉穿刺的注射器、输液器、穿刺针、手术麻醉包、动静脉血液管及静脉导管等用品还进行内毒素检测。结果 2005～2009年一次性无菌医疗用品的总合格率为98.97%,且呈逐年上升直至全部合格。结论对每批次的一次性无菌医疗用品进行抽样生物监测并形成制度完全有必要,可杜绝不良厂家的不合格产品流入医院,防止由此引起的医源性感染,也可促进厂家加强对产品质量的责任感,从而提高一次性无菌医疗用品的质量。