What do final year medical students at the University of Papua New Guinea think of psychiatry?

This study was conducted in 2004 to determine whether there was any difference between final year medical students who had rotated in psychiatry and those who had not, in terms of their preference for psychiatry as a career and their attitudes towards mental illness. A self-rated questionnaire was given to all the final year medical students at the University of Papua New Guinea. The results showed that the medical students in general had a negative attitude towards psychiatry as a career option and, although they were accepting of the mentally ill in a professional setting as colleagues or patients, they had a negative attitude towards close social contact with them as neighbours or as in-laws. Several students believed mental illness could be caused by sorcery or by spending much time with the mentally ill. Most students believed mental illness could be treated by prayer, one in five believed in the effectiveness of traditional healers and one in five did not believe modern medicine could treat mental illness. Apart from a reduction in stigma and in prejudice against a mentally ill neighbour, there was no significant difference in attitude between students who had rotated in psychiatry and those who had not. There was no significant difference in attitude between male and female respondents. There were, however, significant differences in attitude between students who had a positive family history of mental illness and those who did not. It was concluded that psychiatry was an unpopular choice for specialization and that students' attitudes towards mental illness were influenced more by their cultural beliefs and their family history of mental illness than by their rotation in psychiatry. These external variables that are independent of their medical training need to be considered during undergraduate medical training in order to optimize the provision of health care to the mentally ill in Papua New Guinea.     

Career preferences and decision-making habits of first-year medical students

Few studies that examine the career decisions of medical students have been based upon theories of decision-making. Several theories were used by the present authors to study differences among first-year medical students in North Carolina who preferred family medicine and those who preferred other specialties. Responses by 358 first-year students to a career preferences questionnaire administered in the fall of their freshman year revealed that students who preferred family medicine were more interested than other students in using medicine as a tool to help people. They were equally persistent and thorough in their career decision-making, were at an earlier stage of decision-making, and had less concern with themselves compared with other students. Decision-making theory helps to explain the relationships found in earlier studies between students' characteristics and their specialty preferences. The results of the present study also may explain the reason for the decrease during medical school in the number of students who prefer family medicine as a career. Those results show that first-year medical students who prefer family medicine are at an earlier stage of the decision-making process than other first-year medical students.     

医学生赴基层医疗机构就业意愿探究

目的 了解北京某高等医学院校医学生对医学教育、职业规划以及基层医疗机构就业的认识,探究影响医学生赴基层就业意愿的主要因素.方法 对380名医学生进行问卷调查,采用描述性与多因素统计分析方法进行分析.结果 医学生择业首选东部发达地区,仅有16.3%的医学生愿意在基层医疗机构就业,但有93.0%的医学生希望有基层医疗机构工作的经历;在校教育满意度、职业晋升空间认知与起点年薪期望值是影响基层就业意愿的主要因素.结论 医学生对职业认知不理性;学校应当通过通识教育与职业规划引导医学生面向基层就业.     

云南省不同学历护理学生基层择业取向及影响因素

目的 了解云南省不同学历护理学生基层择业取向及其影响因素.方法 对云南省2所本科、2所大专、2所中专西医医学院校的护理学生进行问卷调查.结果 仅有39.23％的护理学生愿意到基层工作,期望月薪高、自评实际最有可能进入市级及以上单位、没有实习经历、重视单位规模和工作环境,就业态度不乐观、不了解基层医疗工作以及父亲文化程度在初中及以上是影响护理学生不愿意到基层就业的因素.结论 愿意到基层就业的护理学生占少数,影响因素是多方面的.学校有必要加强就业指导、引导学生理性分析就业形势、培养学生正确的人生观和就业观、让学生早接触临床.     

Career and practice profiles of Alberta medical graduates (1973-85) practising in Alberta.

This collaborative study examined the career choices and practice locations of the 940 (58%) of the Alberta medical students graduating between 1973 and 1985 who remained in Alberta. Of the 686 practising graduates slightly less than two-thirds were in family/general practice; the remainder were in a specialty. More women (76%) than men (60%) had chosen family/general medicine. The women graduates spent about 10 hours less a week on patient care than their male colleagues. Personal and professional factors were cited most often as determinants of practice location. Approximately 20% of the practising graduates chose to locate in small towns or rural areas. Accessibility to consultants and opportunities for continuing medical education were reported as vital prerequisites for more physicians to move to smaller Alberta centres. These findings provide a starting point for studies designed to determine how Alberta medical school graduates are contributing to patient care within the province.     

医学研究生生涯规划现状调查研究

目的了解医学研究生生涯规划的现状和生涯教育的需求。方法问卷调查法。结果分析发现医学研究生生涯规划有如下特点:自我认知程度高;职业探索存在不足;个人调适有待提高,就业信心较为乐观;职业决策导师影响最大;生涯规划元认知较差,生涯教育需求大。经相关性分析发现:性别、年龄、考研身份都与生涯成熟相关。结论医学研究生存在很大的生涯教育需求。     

Career and training patterns of students entering Canadian medical schools in 1965.

This paper follows the careers of the 1128 students who entered Canadian medical schools in 1965, most of whom graduated in 1969. The type of career pursued (whether general or specialty practice or some combination thereof), the type of specialty undertaken, the place of internship and residency training and the 1973 practice location of the graduates are examined. The wide variation in careers followed by the 12 schools' graduates provides the major focus of the paper.     

专科层次临床医学专业和临床医学专业(全科医学方向)学生的全科医师职业趋向调查

目的了解专科层次临床医学专业和临床医学专业(全科医学方向)学生的全科医师职业趋向,评价两个专业的课程和培养模式对学生职业选择的影响。方法采用结构式问卷调查2010级临床医学专业学生102人、临床医学专业(全科医学方向)学生76人。了解学生对所学课程的兴趣、对全科医师工作环境和就业前景的认知、毕业后的职业选择等。结果临床医学专业(全科医学方向)学生对全科医师的职业定位、工作认同优于临床医学专业学生。结论专科层次临床医学专业应采取全科医学方向进行培养,通过课程和培养模式改革来改变学生的职业趋向,引导学生树立服务基层、走向社区、扎根农村的全科医师职业理想。     

医学生沟通技能态度及相关因素分析

目的调查医学生对沟通技能的态度,了解其相关因素。方法采用方便抽样的方法抽取306名医学生,应用一般资料问卷及Donald[4]等研制的医学沟通技能态度中文版进行调查。结果医学生正性态度均分为(3.94±0.45),负性态度均分为(2.45±0.73),中性态度均分(3.28±0.63).不同性别的医学生之间沟通技能态度各维度之间无统计学差异(P>0.05);护理专业的学生在正性态度得分高于其他专业(P<0.01),而负性态度得分低于其他专业(P<0.05),而中性态度各专业间无统计学差异;医学生的实践经历与正性态度成正相关(P<0.01),而与负性态度成负相关(P<0.01),与中性态度未发现相关性(P>0.05)。结论医学生对沟通技能的态度是积极的。不同专业及实践经历的多少与沟通技能的正性态度及负性态度有关,而与中性态度无关,性别与沟通技能态度之间不存在相关性。     

医学生职业认知和人文素质教育现状的调查研究

目的了解当前医学生的职业认知、人文素质教育现状以及对不同人文教育方式的倾向性,探索符合学生特点和需求的人文教育途径。方法对上海交通大学医学院2006到2010级990名本科学生进行问卷调查。采用SPSS17．0统计软件对调查结果进行分析。结果近45％的学生因个人兴趣选择临床医学专业。学生对人文素质的认同远低于对临床技能和医学知识的认同;超过50％的学生认为医生有较高人文素质;在职业认知、医学人文教育方面表现出认识和行为的矛盾性。超过50％的学生更喜欢技能性、生活情趣性活动;近67％的学生课余偏好基于网络的娱乐性阅读。结论社会和历史原因对学生职业认知造成影响;学生的知行分离源于教育问题;教育途径要契合学生心理和时代特点。     

在眼科临床实习教学中开展预防战略思想的社会实践活动探讨

目的加强非预防医学专业学生在眼科临床实习中的预防医学知识学习和主动宣传预防保健知识的意识与责任。方法在华中科技大学同济医学院附属第一临床学院2003级五年制临床医学专业120名学生中随机选取72人作为实验组参加在眼科临床实习中开展的一项主题为"关注儿童视力,防治弱视"的社会实践活动,未参加社会实践活动的学生作为对照组。社会实践活动的调查表由参加的学生自己设计,教师修订,在教师指导下学生自己统计分析数据。活动结束后教师对全体学生进行问卷调查。结果问卷调查结果显示学生对在临床实习教学中是否开展社会实践活动所持的态度与学生是否参加过社会实践活动有相关性(r=0.322,P<0.01)。其中实验组90.3%的学生赞成在临床实习教学中开展社会实践活动,2.8%的学生反对,6.9%的学生持中立态度。对照组中持赞成态度的仅占39.6%,有16.7%的学生反对,43.7%的学生持中立态度,两组之间有显著性差异(χ2=35.246,P<0.01)。结论在眼科学临床实习教学中开展带有预防战略思想的社会实践活动,可以增强学生预防疾病的观念,同时还可以加强学生社会实践能力、科研能力、道德品质和整体素质的培养。     

社会实践与医学生职业道德培养

社会实践是学生在课程内外围绕专业开展的公益性实践活动.在社会实践过程中,能够加强学生对所学专业的了解,使学生尽早确定适合自己的职业和岗位,顺利向职场过渡,增强就业竞争力.本文阐述了职业道德的概念,根据医学生社会实践的特点,将医学高职高专院校医学生社会实践的发展趋势概括为社会化、专业化、多样化和课程化,突出医学生职业道德培养的重点内容,深入分析社会实践在医学生职业道德培养中的作用,以及取得的良好效果。     

Primary care career choices and medical student learning styles.

The study reported here focused on the influence of medical students' learning styles (that is, how they prefer to receive and use information in learning and problem-solving situations) on (a) their choice of a medical career type and (b) their sources of information and influence in making that choice. The results suggest that those students with learning styles that are associated with primary care careers are also those who are dissatisfied with a traditional basic science curriculum and are influenced more than the average student by concrete work experiences, as well as identification with role models, in making a career decision. Among the implications of these results for medical school admissions, curricula, and faculty is the possibility that more students might consider primary care careers if more primary care experiences and role models were available in medical school.     

不同学制临床医学生实习不同阶段满意度认知比较及相关因素分析

目的:了解不同学制临床医学专业学生实习前后对实习满意度认知情况及相关因素,为临床教学及医院管理提供依据。方法:采用自行设计的问卷分别对临床医学生于不同实习阶段进行调查,并进行统计分析。结果:不同学制医学生实习前后对实习满意度均值存在显著性差异,实习后满意度均略有下降;八年制较五年制医学生实习满意度总体较高。结论:总体上医学生对临床实习满意度评价中等偏上,但高等医学院校应坚持长学制教育,并尽早规划职业发展,培养具有综合素养的医学生。     

医学生职业决策困难的现状及影响因素分析

目的:了解医学院校大学生职业决策困难的水平及特点,为更好地开展医学生职业生涯规划辅导提供理论依据。方法:在开放式调查的基础上采用修订的大学生职业决策困难问卷和自编的影响因素调查表对安徽省3所本科医学院校的846名大学生进行调查。结果:医学生的职业决策困难处于轻度困难水平,主要体现在情绪不适、信息获取渠道不足和社会环境信息不足。医学生的职业决策困难评分在不同性别、是否独生、不同年级和在校表现间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05～P<0.01)。职业教育、专业满意度、专业兴趣匹配和择业把握度均对职业决策有影响(P<0.05～P<0.01)。结论:医学生的职业决策困难处于轻度困难水平,且受性别、年级、是否独生、在校表现、专业满意度、专业兴趣、择业把握度的影响。     

医学生心理健康状况与相关影响因素研究

目的 调研医学院学生心理健康状况,并从家庭、社会、学业等方面探讨相关影响因素,为开展医学生心理健康教育提供依据.方法 采用大学生人格问卷（university personality inventory,UPI）和自制“医学生心理健康状况影响因素问卷”,对某医学院2006级～ 2010级临床医学专业450名医学生进行调研分析.结果 医学生中“可能有严重心理问题者”占10.7％,相关影响因素包括性别、年级、对医学专业的态度、毕业后是否当医生的意愿、母亲教育程度、教师的鼓励和认可,以及对未来发展的关注.结论 医学生群体的心理健康状况需要密切关注,应当根据相关影响因素有针对性地开展心理健康教育和心理咨询服务,促进医学生心理健康和学业进步.     

全科医学生职业信心现状研究

目的　了解全科医学生职业信心指数,综合量化和反映中国全科医学生对全科医生职业信心的强弱。方法　于2016-05-20至2016-07-29,在全国359家全科规范化培训基地和《医师在线》杂志读者群中,向全科医学生发放网络调研问卷。主要内容包括全科医学生的基本情况、毕业后的就业意向、对全科医生职业现状及未来3年发展的评价（包括培养体系、个人价值、收入水平、职业发展、社会尊重、执业风险6个方面共12个条目）。根据问卷调查结果,计算全科医学生的现状指数、预期指数、信心指数。结果　在问卷有效回收的768例全科医学生中,444例（57.8%）毕业后有意向从事全科医生职业。全科医学生对全科医生职业的现状指数为82.85、预期指数为125.68、信心指数为104.27,对全科医生职业的培养体系、个人价值、收入水平、职业发展、社会尊重、执业风险6个分指数的信心指数分别为118.49、115.72、89.13、108.82、91.76、92.15。结论　全科医学生对全科医生职业现状持消极态度,对未来3年的发展预期持积极态度,对全科医生职业的信心总体上是积极的。其中,全科医学生对全科医生职业收入水平、社会尊重、执业风险方面的信心是消极的,对培养体系、个人价值、职业发展方面的信心是积极的。     

医科大学生科学素质现状调查与分析

目的 调查、分析医科大学生的科学素质现状,以便有针对性地进行以培养创新思维和实践能力为核心的科学素质教育.方法 采取自行设计的问卷调查表对1835名医科大学生的科学意识、科学知识、科学方法、科学精神以及对科学技术发展的态度等进行调查,将结果进行统计分析.结果 收回有效问卷1690份,其中52.1％同学能正确回答科学研究...     

护理专业医学生营养知识态度及行为调查

目的:了解护理专业医学生营养知识、态度、行为(KAP)的现状,为进行营养教育提供科学依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法对护理专业3个年级701名学生进行自行设计的营养知识态度和行为问卷调查。结果:营养知识得分为(20.92±5.98)分;态度得分为(5.26±0.85)分;行为得分为(5.26±1.57)分。营养知识得分城市生源高于乡村生源(P<0.05),高年级学生高于低年级学生(P<0.05)。营养知识、态度、行为之间存在正向相关关系(P<0.01)。结论:护理专业学生营养知识掌握不全面,但具有良好的态度;应开展有效的、有针对性的营养干预,提高营养知识水平,改变不良饮食行为,为其能有效开展临床护理工作提供支持。     

Characteristics of medical students who choose primary care as a career: the McMaster experience

We examined the relation between demographic characteristics and the career choices of medical students who entered McMaster University medical school between 1969 and 1975. In contrast to earlier work, this study found no significant differences in sex, age, marital status at the time of entry into medical school, undergraduate major, whether prerequisite premedical courses had been taken, undergraduate grade point average and academic performance between the graduates who chose primary care and those who chose a specialty. This suggests that many medical school graduates in the 1970s entered primary care by choice rather than by default.