生长激素和胰岛素与新生儿宫内生长发育的关系

目的 探讨生长激素(GH)和胰岛素(INS)与新生儿宫内生长发育的关系.方法 研究对象为2010年1月-2011年1月在北京大学第三医院住院的73例健康足月新生儿和97例早产儿,研究对象均在出生24 h内取静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清GH和INS水平,同时核对胎龄及测量新生儿的出生体质量、头围和身长,比较新生儿出生24 h内血清GH和INS水平与胎龄、出生体质量、身长、头围的关系.结果 1.新生儿的胎龄与出生时血清GH水平呈负相关(r=-0.403,P=0.000),而与血清INS水平呈正相关(r=0.247,P=0.001);早产组出生时血清GH水平[(40.54±19.58) μg·L-1]显著高于足月组[(26.23±18.30) μg·L-1],而血清INS水平[(2.58±2.78) IU·L-1]则显著低于足月组[(4.02±3.60) IU·L-1](P=0.000,0.029).2.足月儿的出生体质量、身长、头围与出生时血清GH水平均呈负相关,而与血清INS水平均呈正相关;早产儿仅出生体质量与血清GH水平呈负相关,与血清INS水平呈正相关.3.足月新生儿出生时血清GH与INS水平无相关性(r=0.291,P= 0.090),而早产儿出生时血清GH与INS水平呈负相关(r=-0.353,P=0.004).结论 新生儿出生时GH和INS水平与其宫内发育密切相关,GH和INS可能参与调节新生儿宫内的生长发育.     

脐血瘦素、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ与胎儿生长发育

目的 揭示脐血瘦素及胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)与胎儿生长发育的关系,探讨其在胎儿生长发育方面的相互作用及临床意义.方法 采用放射免疫法测定86例新生儿脐血瘦素、IGF-Ⅰ水平,根据胎龄及出生体重百分位数的关系分为:小于胎龄儿(SGA)组16例、适于胎龄儿(AGA)组41例及大于胎龄儿(LGA)组29例.同时测量新生儿的出生体重、身长、头围、足长、胎盘重量并计算体质指数(BMI).结果 ①脐血瘦素水平SGA组与AGA组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平AGA与LGA组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).②脐血瘦素及IGF-Ⅰ水平分别与新生儿出生体重、身长、头围、足长、BMI及胎盘重量呈显著正相关(P<0.01),脐血瘦素与IGF-Ⅰ水平亦呈显著正相关(P<0.01).③脐血瘦素水平与新生儿性别及分娩方式间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平与新生儿性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与新生儿分娩方式差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 脐血瘦素、IGF-Ⅰ在调节胎儿生长发育方面起着重要作用,参与胎儿的生长发育过程,可作为评价胎儿生长发育及营养状态的临床指标之一.脐血瘦素、IGF-Ⅰ水平异常可能是引起胎儿宫内生长迟缓和巨大儿发生的原因之一.     

脐血胰岛素、血糖及前白蛋白与胎儿宫内生长迟缓的关系

对25例宫内生长迟缓儿（IUGR）及25例正常出生体重儿母亲及脐血血清胰岛素、生长激素、血清蛋白及血糖水平进行了检测。给另：IUGR组母亲血糖、白蛋白及前白蛋白水平均低于对照组（P＜0．05），脐血白蛋白、前白蛋白、胰岛囊、血糖、胰岛素恤据比伍也低于对照组，而两组生长还囊水平无差异。相关分析表明出生体重与母亲血糖、脐血胰岛素、血糖、胰岛素恤糖及前白蛋白水平呈显著正相关。提出胰岛素与胎儿生长密切相关，生长激素作用较小，而IUGR、组脐血胰岛素/血糖降低，推测IUGR婴儿胰腺β细胞功能不足，生后血糖调节功能差．     

宫内发育迟缓与胰岛素样生长因子及其结合蛋白的关系

目的 检测宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)儿脐血胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)水平,分析这些指标的变化程度与胎儿期生长的关系。方法 将86例脐血标本分为IUGR(即小于胎龄儿)组和适于胎龄儿(AGA)组。采用竞争性放射免疫分析法(RIA)测定IGF-1水平,非竞争性免疫放射分析法测定IGFBP-3水平。两组间比较用t检验,两变量之间的关系采用相关回归分析。结果 与AGA组相比,IUGR组脐血IGF-1和IGFBP-3水平显著降低(P均<0.01);IGF-1、IGFBP-3均随胎龄及出生体重增加而增加(P均<0.01);IGFBP-3与IGF-1呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论 脐血IGF-1和IGFBP-3的含量可作为判断新生儿生长发育程度的一项客观生化指标。     

宫内发育迟缓与胰岛素样生长因子及其结合蛋白关系研究

为了解脐血中胰岛素样生长因子_I(IGF -I)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白_3(IGFBP_3)的水平变化与胎儿期生长的关系 ,将86例新生儿脐血标本分为宫内发育迟缓 (IUGR ,即小于胎龄儿 )组 (22例 )及适于胎龄儿 (AGA)组 (64例 )两组 ,采用竞争性放射免疫分析法 (RIA)测定IGF_1水平、非竞争性免疫放射分析法 (IRMA)测定IGF BP_3水平。结果显示 ,与AGA组相比 ,IUGR组脐血中IGF_1和IGFBP_3水平显著降低 (P均<0.01) ;IGF_1、IGFBP_3水平均随胎龄及出生体重增加而增加 (P均<0.01) ;IGFBP_3与IGF_1呈正相关 (P<0.01)。提示IUGR与IGF_1及其结合蛋白降低密切相关 ;脐血中IGF_1、IGFBP_3水平与胎龄及出生体重呈正相关     

脂联素、瘦素及胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ在胎儿生长发育中的作用

目的探讨脂联素、瘦素及胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)在胎儿生长发育中的作用。方法选择2006年10月-2007年10月在本院产科出生的新生儿86例。胎龄31~42周;男57例,女29例。根据不同出生体质量分为小于胎龄儿(SGA)组(16例),适于胎龄儿(AGA)组(41例)及大于胎龄儿(LGA)组(29例)。胎儿娩出后立即断脐留脐血20 mL,采用放射免疫分析法测定血清脂联素、瘦素及IGF-Ⅰ水平,同时检测其血脂水平,测量新生儿生长参数,计算体质量指数(BMI)。结果1.新生儿脐血瘦素、脂联素及IGF-Ⅰ水平无显著性别差异。2.脐血瘦素水平在SGA、AGA、LGA3组间有显著差异(P<0.001),LGA组显著高于AGA及SAG组(P<0.01,0.001);脐血瘦素水平与体质量、胎龄、头围、身长、足长及胎盘质量均呈显著正相关(Pa<0.01)。3.脐血脂联素水平与出生体质量、头围、足长、BMI水平均呈显著正相关(Pa<0.05)。脐血脂联素水平在SGA、AGA、LGA3组间有显著差异(P<0.001),LGA组高于AGA及SAG组(Pa<0.01)。4.LGA组脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平显著高于AGA及SAG组,3组间有明显差异(P<0.001);脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平与体质量、头围、身长、足长及胎盘质量均呈显著正相关(Pa<0.01)。5.脐血瘦素与脂联素、IGF-Ⅰ水平呈显著正相关(Pa<0.01),脐血脂联素与IGF-Ⅰ水平无明显相关关系(P>0.05)。6.SGA、AGA、LGA3组血脂水平比较无显著差异(Pa>0.05)。脐血IGF-Ⅰ水平与三酰甘油水平呈明显负相关(P<0.05),脐血脂联素、瘦素水平与血脂各指标间均无明显相关性(Pa>0.05)。结论瘦素与脂联素、IGF-Ⅰ在胎儿宫内生长和发育过程中起重要的调节作用,可作为评价胎儿生长发育及营养状态的临床指标之一。     

新生儿血清瘦素、生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-1、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3水平与宫内发育的关系

目的 探讨瘦素(leptin)、生长激素(GH)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)在不同宫内发育状况胎儿中的变化,及对胎儿生长发育调控的作用.方法 2004年1月-2006年6月出生早产小于胎龄儿(A组)30例,早产适于胎龄儿(B组)36例,足月小于胎龄儿(C组)32例,足月适于胎龄儿(D组)37例.生后24 h内抽取患儿静脉血,用放射免疫法(RIA)检测其血清leptin、GH、IGF-1、IGFBP-3水平,组间比较采用及多元回归相关分析.结果 各组新生儿血清leptin、GH、IGF-1、IGFBP-3水平均存在明显差异(Pa<0.05,0.01),各指标基本呈C、A、B、D组次序由低到高,但A组IGF-1与C组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在A、B和C组,出生体质量与leptin、IGF-1、IGFBP-3呈正相关(Pa<0.01),而D组出生体质量与IGF-1呈正相关(P<0.01),与其他激素无相关性.结论 leptin、IGF-1、IGFBP-3参与宫内发育迟缓儿和早产儿宫内生长发育的调控.IGF-1在早产适于胎龄儿的宫内生长发育中也起调控作用,而leptin、GH、IGFBP-3均不是足月适于胎龄儿生长发育的主要调节因素.     

Visfatin in IUGR:cord blood level and mRNA expression in placenta

目的 探讨内脂索与胎儿生长发育的关系.方法 选择2008年12月-2010年6月足月出生的宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)儿、巨大儿及正常足月儿各35例,采用EUSA法测定脐血内脂素水平,Real-time PCR法检测胎盘内脂素mRNA相对含量,放射免疫法测定脐血胰岛素水平;分析脐血内脂素、胰岛素水平、胎盘内脂素mRNA相对含量与出生体质量的关系及脐血内脂素、胰岛素水平与胎盘内脂素mRNA相对含量间的关系.结果 IUGR儿脐血内脂素水平高于巨大儿及正常足月儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);巨大儿与正常足月儿之间脐血内脂素水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).三组间新生儿脐血胰岛素水平差异有统计学意义(P0.05).三组间胎盘内脂素mRNA表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),胎盘内脂素mRNA水平与出生体质量、脐血内脂素、胰岛素水平均无相关性(P>0.05).结论 新生儿期内脂素与IUGR有关,可通过调节代谢而影响胎儿宫内的生长发育.     

足月新生儿脐血瘦素水平测定及其与胰岛素的关系

目的探讨瘦素对胎儿生长发育的影响及其与胰岛素的关系。方法采用放射免疫分析法对83例足月新生儿脐血瘦素、胰岛素水平进行测定,测量新生儿出生体质量、身长,记录性别及分娩方式,计算体质量指数(BMI)评估新生儿营养状况。结果1.足月新生儿脐血瘦素水平为(10.53±7.05)μg/L,其中男婴(9.01±4.53)μg/L;女婴(11.62±5.03)μg/L。剖宫产组瘦素水平(10.07±5.88)μg/L;阴道分娩组瘦素(13.55±12.00)μg/L。瘦素水平在性别之间无明显差异(t=1.934 P>0.05),分娩方式间亦无明显差异(t=-1.216 P>0.05)。2.新生儿脐血瘦素水平与BMI呈显著正相关(r=0.520 P<0.01)。瘦素水平在大于胎龄儿(LGA)、适于胎龄儿(AGA)、小于胎龄儿(SGA)组分别为(17.29±8.99)(、10.54±4.96)(、3.33±1.58)μg/L,3组间有明显差异,LGA组明显高于其他两组(F=16.5 P<0.01)。3.新生儿脐血瘦素水平与胰岛素呈显著正相关(r=0.436 P<0.01)。结论瘦素在胎儿宫内生长和发育过程中起重要的调节作用,与胰岛素关系密切。     

宫内生长迟缓儿胰岛素样生长因子及其结合蛋白水平的变化

宫内生长迟缓(IUGR)主要由母亲、胎儿、胎盘因素引起。有文献报道IUGR儿脐血胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)-1及其结合蛋白(IUBP)-3的水平是低的,而IGFBP-1的水平是高的。尽管大部分IUGR儿童有追赶生长,但仍有20%的IUGR儿童保持永久的矮小。持续性低IGF-1和高IGFBP-1可能是决定IUGR儿出生后追赶生长速度的主要原因。     

脐血IGF-1及IGFBP-3与胎儿生长发育的关系研究

目的探讨胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF—1）及胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-2（IGFBP-3）与胎儿宫内生长发育的关系。方法将新生儿根据出生体重与胎龄的关系分为大于胎龄儿（IAG）、适于胎龄儿（AGA）、小于胎龄儿（SGA）三组,分别测定三组新生儿出生时身长、体重及胎盘重量,同时取脐血采用EUSA法测定IGF-1及IGFBP-3水平。结果①三组新生儿出生时身长、体重及胎盘重量3个指标比较差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。②脐血IGF-1及IGFBP-3水平在SGA、AGA、LGA三组间比较,LGA组〉AGA组〉SGA组,各组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）。③胎儿发育的重要指标出生体重、身长及胎盘重量与IGF-1及IGFBP-3水平均呈正相关。结论IGF-1及IGFBP-3与胎儿生长发育密切相关,对胎儿的生长发育起重要的调节作用。     

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目的探讨胰岛素(Ins)、生长激素(GH)、皮质醇(Cor)与早产儿宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)的关系。方法采用放射免疫分析法检测40例IUGR早产儿和45例适于胎龄早产儿(对照组)母血、脐血和生后7日龄血清中的Ins、GH、Cor含量,并进行分析比较。结果Ins在IUGR组脐血、生后7日龄血清中的含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。GH、Cor在母血中含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。而脐血、生后7日龄血清中Cor含量在IU-GR高于对照组,但二组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论早产儿IUGR与Ins、GH、Cor等内分泌激素有关,它们通过调节代谢而影响胎儿宫内的生长发育,发挥着较重要的作用。     

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目的探讨血清生长激素(GH)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)及尿GH检测对矮小儿童诊断的意义。方法华中科技大学同济医院儿科于2004-11—2005-06对106例矮小儿童进行垂体功能复合刺激试验,试验前收集所有受试者夜间12h(2000~800)尿。另选取19例正常青春发育期前儿童为对照组。对垂体功能复合刺激试验GH分泌异常的56例矮小儿童,用ELISA方法检测相应的血清GH、IGF-1及尿中GH水平,并进行相关分析。结果根据垂体功能复合刺激试验的GH检测结果将矮小儿分类,包括完全性GH缺乏症(cGHD)25例、部分性GH缺乏症(pGHD)9例和GH神经分泌功能障碍(GHND)22例。GHD组患儿血清IGF-1、尿GH水平与正常儿相比明显降低(P<0·01)。pGHD和GHND组患儿血IGF-1水平波动较大,无统计学差异。GHND组患儿尿GH水平按ng/g肌酐(Cr)计量显著低于正常对照相(P<0·05),而按ng/12h尿量计算值虽低于正常组,但无统计学意义(P>0·05)。pGHD组患儿尿GH水平按两种方法计量值均介于正常和GHD患者之间,与正常及GHD患者比较均有显著性差异(P均<0·05)。cGHD和pGHD组患儿尿GH的ng/gCr计量值与其血GH峰值呈显著性正相关(rcGHD=0·556,P<0·05;rpGHD=0·423,P<0·05),GHND组患儿尿GH的ng/gCr计量值与其血中GH峰值无相关性(P>0·05)。结论尿GH水平测定无创、简便,配合IGF-1等指标的检测,对于矮小儿童的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要意义。     

Neonatal infections: I—Maternal and cord serum IgG levels in relation to gestation and intrauterine growth

Fifty low birth weight babies (both preterms and intrauterine growth retarded) and their mothers were the subjects of the study. Ten fullterm babies weighing more than 3.0 kg and their mothers served as controls. The cord serum IgG levels were significantly lower in preterm babies compared to fullterm appropriate for gestational age (FT-AGA) and fullterm intrauterine growth retarded (FT-IUGR) babies. The cord serum IgG levels were not significantly different between FT-AGA and FT-IUGR babies. The maternal serum IgG levels were significantly higher than the cord serum IgG levels in preterm group whereas in fullterm AGA and IUGR groups cord serum IgG levels were significantly higher then the maternal serum IgG levels. There was no correlation between maternal and cord serum IgG levels. The cord serum IgG levels were significantly correlated with gestation even after controlling birth weight. The correlation between cord serum IgG levels and birth weight disappeared once qestation was controlled.     

骨钙素、Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端前肽、胰岛素样生长因子-1及其相关激素与胎儿骨发育的关系

目的 探讨骨钙素(OC)、Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端前肽(PICP) 及胰岛素样生长因子.1(IGF.1)等激素水平与胎儿骨生长发育的关系.方法 选择本院2008年10月-2009年10月收治的新生儿80例.男41例,女39例;胎龄28～42周.根据不同出生体质量分为小于胎龄(SGA)儿组22例,适于胎龄(AGA)儿组36例及大于胎龄(LGA)儿组(22例).胎儿娩出后,胎盘娩出前抽取其脐静脉血6 mL,采用放射免疫分析法测定其血清OC、IGF.1及甲状旁腺激素水平,酶联免疫吸附法检测其脐血PICP水平;同时检测其血钙、磷、ALP水平,测量新生儿生长参数,计算体质量指数(BMI).结果 1.脐血OC水平在SGA儿组、AGA儿组、LGA儿组间比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),LGA儿组显著高于AGA儿及SAG儿组(P＜0.01,0.001);脐血OC水平与出生体质量、头围、BMI呈正相关(Pa＜0.05),与身长无明显相关性(P＞0.05).2.LGA儿组脐血IGF.1水平显著高于AGA儿及SAG儿组,3组间比较有统计学差异(P=0.002);脐血IGF.1水平与出生体质量、头围、BMI水平均呈正相关(Pa＜0.05),与身长无明显相关性(P＞0.05).3.AGA儿组、LGA儿组脐血PICP水平明显高于SGA儿组,但3组间无统计学差异(P=0.070).脐血PICP、PTH水平与生长参数各指标水平均无直线相关关系(Pa＞0.05),偏相关分析脐血PICP与出生体质量、头围、BMI均呈正相关(r=0.239、0.250、0.306,Pa<0.05).4.脐血OC水平与PICP、IGF.1水平均呈正相关(Pa＜0.05),OC、PICP与PTH、ALP水平之间均无明显相关(Pa＞0.05).5.3组脐血钙、血磷、ALP水平均无统计学差异(Pa＞0.05).结论 SGA儿低血清OC、PICP水平与骨形成活动下降相关,脐血OC、PICP及IGF.1可作为评价胎儿骨骼生长发育的临床指标之一.     

Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 and growth hormone levels of hypoxic-ischemic newborns

A number of growth factors, their binding proteins, and their receptors have been shown to be induced in the hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain. In this prospective study, we aimed at determining the levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), growth hormone (GH), and cortisol in HI babies and at identifying whether they differ from the levels of control infants. The serum IGF-1 levels were measured after the first 12-24 h of life, and the measurements were repeated on the 5th and 10th days of life for babies with HI encephalopathy (n = 18) and on the 10th day of life for controls (n = 19). Blood samples for measurement of cortisol and GH from both HI and control groups were collected after the first 12-24 h of life. There were 11 babies in the mild-to-moderate (stages I and II) group and 7 babies in the severe (stage III) group according to Sarnat and Sarnat. The IGF-1 levels of the HI group measured after 12-24 h [78.5 +/- 27.9 (range 9-123.4) ng/ml] and on the 10th day [72.2 +/- 36.8 (range 29.7-159.2) ng/ml] of life were statistically significantly lower than the IGF-1 levels of the control group [121.5 +/- 50.4 (range 74.4-280.5) ng/ml and 133.1 +/- 34.4 (range 65.9-202) ng/ml, respectively] (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). But there was no statistically significant difference between mild-to-moderate HI group and severe HI group in terms of IGF-1 levels after 12-24 h and 5 and 10 days of life (p > 0.05). Also there was no statistically significant difference in IGF-1 values after the first 12-24 h and after 10 days of life between HI subjects who died or survived (p > 0.05). The GH levels of the HI group after the first 12-24 h of life [34.6 +/- 32.3 (range 0.1-120) mIU/l] were statistically significantly higher than those in the control group [10.4 +/- 4.5 (range 3.7-16.9) mIU/l] (p = 0.005). There was no statistically significant difference in the serum cortisol levels between HI and control groups after the first 12-24 h of life [18.7 +/- 17.0 (range 1.6-65.1) microg/dl vs. 10.8 +/- 5.4 (range 3.0-23.2) microg/dl] (p > 0.05). No statistically significant correlation was found between IGF-1 levels and GH and cortisol levels of the HI encephalopathy group [r = -0.113 (p > 0.05) and r = 0.108 (p > 0.05), respectively]. In conclusion, this study showed decreased levels of serum IGF-1 and increased levels of GH which may be secondary to serum IGF-1 influx from the circulation to the brain as a protective mechanism or may be due to some cytokines which alter the GH/IGF axis, inhibit the action of IGF-1, and stimulate IGF-binding protein 1.     

1~24月婴幼儿胰岛素样生长因子-1水平及与生长发育的关系

目的：分析1~24月龄婴幼儿血清胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）水平及其与生长发育的关系。方法：525名健康婴幼儿入选本研究（早产儿125名,足月儿400名）,测量体重/身长,酶联免疫吸附法检测血清IGF-1水平。结果：早产组婴儿期血清IGF-1水平在生后1.5月为最低（86±60 ng/mL）,此后一直维持较高水平,生后4~12月显著高于足月组。足月组婴儿期血清IGF-1水平在生后1.5月为最高(116±52 ng/mL),此后缓慢下降,生后8月时降至最低（69±58 ng/mL）。不论是早产儿还是足月儿体重/身长SDS与血清IGF-I水平均存在着正相关关系。结论：血清IGF-1水平均与婴幼儿期生长发育速度密切相关。［中国当代儿科杂志,2010,12（6）：459-461］     

Associations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 on intrauterine growth and early catch-up growth.

Fetal cord blood IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP- 3 levels of appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) babies are studied and followed up for 6-9 months, reevaluated for anthropometric measures and the effects of IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 on fetal growth and early catch-up growth is investigated. 23 AGA and 21 IUGR babies, totally 44 newborns, were included in the study protocol. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were found to be high in AGAs with respect to IUGR babies and IGFBP-1 is found to be high in IUGR with respect to AGAs. IGF-I was significantly lower in IUGR babies without catch-up growth (group 2b) with respect to AGAs (group 1) and neonates with IUGR and catch-up growth (group 2a) and group 2a infants had higher IGF-I values than group 2b infants (p < 0.05). IGFBP-3 levels in group 1 were significantly higher than in the other two groups (p < 0.05), but not significantly different in group 2a with respect to group 2b (p > 0. 05). IGFBP-1 values showed no statistically significant difference with respect to the three different groups (p > 0.05). A good correlation was found between birth weight, postnatal weight and postnatal height and IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels (p < 0.05) but not with IGFBP-1 levels. Aside from the height of the 3 groups of infants which were similar to each other after the follow-up period, IGF-I was significantly high in IUGR infants with catch-up growth with respect to IUGR infants without catch-up growth, indicating its importance in early catch-up growth of IUGR babies.