高白细胞急性白血病12例临床分析

目的观察药物降低体内白细胞负荷后再行化疗对高白细胞急性白血病的疗效。方法12例患者，ANLL9例，ALL3例，采用羟基脲杀伤白细胞，别嘌呤醇抑制尿酸形成、水化、碱化尿液。HA、DA诱导ANLL，VMP、VDLP诱导ALL。结果完全缓解率8．3％，部分缓解率50％，早期病死率41．7％。结论高自细胞急性白血病缓解率低，病死率高，死亡原因主要为颅内出血及呼吸窘迫综合征。     

高白细胞性急性白血病17例临床分析

高白细胞性急性白血病除具有急性白血病共同的临床表现外,还有其特殊的临床征象。其之所以成为高危、难治或白血病急症,是其病理生理学的特点所致。本文对我院2002年以来住院的17例高白细胞性急性白血病进行分析,以探讨其分型,疗效及早期死亡原因。1一般资料17例高白细胞性急性     

老年人高白细胞急性白血病14例分析

随着人均寿命的延长 ,老年人白血病有上升的趋势 ,老年高白细胞急性白血病 (ＨＬＡＬ)在老年急性白血病中占一定的比例不容忽视 ,现就我院自 1990年 1月至 1999年 6月老年ＨＬＡＬ患者 14例报道如下。1　对象与方法1 1　一般资料　 1990年 1月至 1999年 6月我院共收治老年人急性白血病 78例 ,均为我院住院病人。细胞形态学诊断标准按照ＦＡＢ分型 ,外周血白细胞计数超过 10 0× 10 9·Ｌ-1者为ＨＬＡＬ ,共 14例 ,年龄 6 0～ 74岁 ,平均 6 4 2岁 ,男 9例 ,女 5例。其中急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ＡＬＬ) 4例(Ｌ12例 ,Ｌ2 2例 ) ,急性非淋巴细胞白…     

高白细胞急性髓系白血病早期死亡原因分析

目的：探讨高白细胞急性髓系白血病（HAML）早期死亡的原因,分析其潜在危险因素。方法：回顾性分析67例初诊HAML患者（非M3型）在确诊后7d内早期死亡的病例（15例）和非早期死亡病例（52例）的临床特征。结果：15例（22.4%）早期死亡,原因分别为颅内出血（10例）、心力衰竭（2例）、肺栓塞（1例）、重度肺部感染（1例）及呼吸衰竭（1例）。早期死亡组白细胞淤滞分级评分（LGS）≥2、外周血白细胞数、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）及凝血功能异常发生率均高于非早期死亡组（P<0.05）。两组之间性别、年龄、初诊时外周血血红蛋白水平、血小板水平、骨髓原/幼细胞比例、FAB分型、尿酸、肌酐的差异不明显（P>0.05）。Logistic回归分析表明,LDH为HAML患者早期死亡的危险因素。结论：出血、白细胞淤滞、脏器衰竭和感染是HAML早期死亡的主要原因。LDH水平是HAML患者是否发生早期死亡的危险因素。     

高白细胞急性白血病白细胞淤滞研究进展

正首都医科大学附属复兴医院孟广强李星王立茹*,北京100038     

高白细胞急性髓系白血病早期死亡临床分析

目的:探讨高白细胞急性髓系白血病(HAML)早期死亡的原因,分析其潜在危险因素。方法:回顾性分析67例初诊HAML患者(非M3型)在确诊后7d内早期死亡的病例(15例)和非早期死亡病例(52例)的临床特征。结果:15例(22.4%)早期死亡,原因分别为颅内出血(10例)、心力衰竭(2例)、肺栓塞(1例)、重度肺部感染(1例)及呼吸衰竭(1例)。早期死亡组白细胞淤滞分级评分(LGS)≥2分、外周血白细胞数、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及凝血功能异常发生率均高于非早期死亡组(P0.05)。2组之间性别、年龄、初诊时外周血血红蛋白水平、血小板水平、骨髓原/幼细胞比例、法美英(FAB)分型、尿酸、肌酐的差异不明显(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析表明,LDH为HAML患者早期死亡的危险因素。结论:白细胞淤滞、出血、脏器衰竭和感染是HAML早期死亡的主要原因。血LDH水平是HAML患者是否发生早期死亡的危险因素。     

高白细胞急性白血病26例临床分析

急性白血病患者外周血白细胞(WBC)计数≥100×109/L者可诊断为高白细胞急性白血病(HAL)。1989年6月~2004年12月,我们共收治HLA患者26例。现将其临床资料分析如下。临床资料:本组男19例、女7例,年龄21~62岁,病程9~86 d。急性白血病的诊断均经血液学、骨髓细胞学和组织化学染色检查,根据FAB分型标准分型。其中急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)9例(L12例、L25例、L32例),急性非淋巴细胞白血病(ANLL)17例(M12例、M26例、M31例、M58例),患者外周血WBC均≥100×109/L。患者大多起病急,有不同程度的贫血,表现为明显头晕、耳鸣、面色苍白、乏力…     

白细胞去除术联合化疗治疗54例高白细胞急性白血病

目的:研究白细胞去除术联合化疗治疗高白细胞急性白血病(HLAL)。方法:对54 例HLAL患者进行白细胞去除术后,进行诱导缓解化疗,同时对30 例HLAL患者行单纯化疗作对照。结果:采用白细胞去除术后,54例患者白细胞中位数由术前的178.0(102.8~395.2)×109/L降到42.2(23.0~80.0)×109/L,临床症状明显改善。联合化疗后完全缓解(CR)率为63%。明显高于对照组CR率17%(P<0.01);早期病死率为13%,低于对照组的36.5%(P<0.05);总有效率为72%,高于对照组的27%(P<0.05)。结论:白细胞去除术联合化疗治疗HLAL疗效优于单纯化疗,可提高CR率、总有效率,降低早期病死率,是治疗HLAL较先进的方法。     

白血病细胞清除术加用联合化疗治疗高白细胞急性白血病

白血病细胞清除术加用联合化疗治疗高白细胞急性白血病蔡大利高峰肖卫国翟明高白细胞急性白血病（ＨＬＡＬ）病情凶险，早期病死率高，易合并脑出血及成人呼吸窘迫综合征（ＡＲＤＳ），化疗缓解率极低［１，２］。采用血细胞分离机进行白细胞清除术加用联合化疗已有少数报...     

15例高白细胞白血病死亡分析

高白细胞性白血病是白血病的一个特殊症候群,除有急性白血病共同的临床表现外,还有其特殊的临床征象,其之所以成为高危、难治或白血病治疗的急症,是其病理生理学的特点所致,现将我科收治的15例高白细胞白血病死亡病例分析如下.     

Outcomes and charges of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia

A retrospective database analysis was conducted to evaluate hospitalization outcomes and charges among elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The data source was a longitudinal (2000-2003) inpatient database from 28 US hospitals. Data on 275 AML patients aged 60 and older were analyzed for demographic and treatment characteristics, hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), overall days of stay (DOS), and charges across multiple admissions. Multivariate modeling was performed to determine factors that influenced outcomes. Overall, 115 (41.8%) patients received inpatient chemotherapy (CT); most (90.4%) received it on the first admission. Of all initial CT regimens 40.9% consisted of a single agent. The mean LOS for initial hospitalization was 23.0 (SD 21.8) days for patients who received CT and 6.7 (SD 7.5) days for those who did not. One quarter (25.3%) of initial hospitalizations resulted in death. On initial hospitalization, mean total charges were $113,118 (SD $220,417) for patients who received CT and $43,999 (SD $190,533) for those who did not; for both groups mean charges were higher than respective subsequent admission charges. Overall, in-hospital mortality did not differ significantly between on-CT and off-CT groups (43.5 and 38.8%, respectively). In multivariate modeling, CT was significantly associated (P < 0.0001) with increased charges and LOS. Elderly patients with AML incurred substantial hospital charges and inpatient mortality. The highest charges and a substantial number of deaths occurred during first admission. Although treatment with CT was associated with increased charges and days in-hospital, inpatient mortality in the two groups was found to be similar.     

改良CHG方案治疗成人高白细胞性急性髓系白血病

目的:观察改良CHG方案治疗初诊成人高白细胞性急性髓系白血病(HAML)的疗效及不良反应。方法:23例初诊成人HAML患者接受改良CHG方案化疗:高三尖杉酯碱(HHT)2 mg/d,静脉滴注;阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)10 mg/(m2·d),皮下注射,1次/12h,共14 d,化疗过程中,WBC10×109/L时予粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)300μg/d,皮下注射,直至中性粒细胞绝对值(ANC)≥1.5×109/L时停用。结果:15例(65.2%)获得完全缓解(CR),2例(8.7%)部分缓解(PR),总有效率(OR)73.9%。早期死亡2例,病死率8.7%。WBC计数降至10×109/L以下所需时间为6(4~10)d。化疗期间主要不良反应为骨髓抑制,表现为粒细胞缺乏及继发感染、出血。结论:改良CHG方案治疗初诊成人高白细胞性急性髓系白血病有效率高,不良反应可控制。     

急性白血病患者血小板无效输注的原因分析

目的：探讨急性白血病（AL）血小板输注无效的原因。方法：观察106例AL患者的263例次单采血小板输注效果并检测血小板抗体,分析讨论血小板无效输注的影响因素。结果：①AL血小板无效输注率为43．35％;②血小板抗体阳性检出率为32．32％;③血小板输注有效组与无效组的抗体阳性检出率的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。④AL发热组输注无效率高于未发热组（P〈0．01）;脾脏肿大与无肿大组无效输注率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：引起血小板输注无效的病因复杂。血小板输注前应进行血小板抗体的筛选,避免或减少造成血小板输注无效的原因,提高血小板输注的有效率。     

Development of acute myelocytic leukemia in patients with Crohn's disease

Summary In our hospital within one year two patients with Crohn's disease were seen who developed an acute myelocytic leukemia. A review of the literature reveals eight previously reported patients with both Crohn's disease and leukemia. Six of the reported 10 patients have had acute myelocytic leukemia and, interestingly, three of them, including our two patients, have shown monocytic differentiation (FAB type M4). It has been suggested that the relative risk of leukemia, especially acute myelocytic leukemia, is increased in patients suffering from ulcerative colitis. More data of patients with Crohn's disease and acute leukemia are needed to evaluate the possible association between these diseases.     

Comparison of genetic and clinical aspects in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes all with more than 50% of bone marrow erythropoietic cells

Background

The World Health Organization separates acute erythroid leukemia (erythropoiesis in ≥50% of nucleated bone marrow cells; ≥20% myeloblasts of non-erythroid cells) from other entities with increased erythropoiesis – acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (≥20% myeloblasts of all nucleated cells) or myelodysplastic syndromes – and subdivides acute erythroid leukemia into erythroleukemia and pure erythroid leukemia subtypes. We aimed to investigate the biological/genetic justification for the different categories of myeloid malignancies with increased erythropoiesis (≥50% of bone marrow cells).

Design and Methods

We investigated 212 patients (aged 18.5–88.4 years) with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes characterized by 50% or more erythropoiesis: 108 had acute myeloid leukemia (77 with acute erythroid leukemia, corresponding to erythroid/myeloid erythroleukemia, 7 with pure erythroid leukemia, 24 with acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes) and 104 had myelodysplastic syndromes. Morphological and chromosome banding analyses were performed in all cases; subsets of cases were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and immunophenotyping.

Results

Unfavorable karyotypes were more frequent in patients with acute myeloid leukemia than in those with myelodysplastic syndromes (42.6% versus 13.5%; P<0.0001), but their frequency did not differ significantly between patients with acute erythroid leukemia (39.0%), pure erythroid leukemia (57.1%), and acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (50.0%). The incidence of molecular mutations did not differ significantly between the different categories. The 2-year overall survival rate was better for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes than for those with acute myeloid leukemia (P<0.0001), without significant differences across the different acute leukemia subtypes. The 2-year overall survival rate was worse in patients with unfavorable karyotypes than in those with intermediate risk karyotypes (P<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, only myelodysplastic syndromes versus acute myeloid leukemia (P=0.021) and cytogenetic risk category (P=0.002) had statistically significant effects on overall survival.

Conclusions

The separation of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes with 50% or more erythropoietic cells has clinical relevance, but it might be worth discussing whether to replace the subclassifications of different subtypes of acute erythroid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes by the single entity, acute myeloid leukemia with increased erythropoiesis ≥50%.     

An unusual case of CD4+ CD7+ CD56+ acute leukemia with overlapping features of type 2 dendritic cell (DC2) and myeloid/NK cell precursor acute leukemia

Type 2 dendritic cell (DC2) acute leukemia has been recently described. We report here an unusual case of a 17-yr-old adolescent with overlapping features of DC2 and myeloid/NK cell precursor acute leukemia as defined by Suzuki et al. The patient presented with lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly without extranodal manifestations in skin or elsewhere. The morphologic, cytochemical and immunophenotypic features were compatible with those described in DC2 acute leukemia, with co-expression of CD4, CD56 and CD123 antigens. The novel markers BDCA-4 and BDCA-2 considered specific for DC2s were co-expressed. However, bright CD7 positivity along with a dim expression of CD33 (57%) and CD117 (27%) were also noted. Additionally, there was bright expression of NG2 monoclonal antibody 7.1, a frequent finding in myeloid/NK cell precursor acute leukemia. The interpretation of the immunophenotypic profile leads to the hypothesis on the existence of borderline cases between DC2 and myeloid/NK cell precursor acute leukemia. Still, other hypotheses can not be overlooked, such as the possibility for a kind of variant monoblastic leukemia or of another rare entity of acute unclassified leukemia.     

45例初治高白细胞性急性白血病的治疗效果与预后分析

目的:探讨初治高白细胞急性白血病(HAL)的临床特征、治疗效果及预后分析。方法:对45例初治HAL进行临床回顾性分析,同时以371例非高白细胞急性白血病(NHAL)作对照组。结果:HAL构成比为10.8%。HAL组的髓外浸润、DIC、白细胞淤滞综合征及早期死亡率较对照组高。HAL组完全缓解(CR)率为28.9%,低于NHAL的57.1%,早期病死率是17.8%。早期死亡的主要原因是颅内出血和呼吸窘迫综合征。HAL的缓解率和早期死亡率与FAB分型有关。结论:HAL完全缓解率低,早期死亡率高,预后差,特别是HAL-M3的早期死亡率高,要重视其早期处理。HAL的早期积极治疗可降低早期死亡率。     

Circulating endothelial cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

OBJECTIVES: The circulating endothelial cells (CEC) are proposed to be a non-invasive marker of angiogenesis. The level of CEC in peripheral blood (PB) of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients has not been investigated prior to this study. We evaluated the count of resting (rCEC), activated (aCEC) and endothelial progenitor cells (CEPC) in the PB of AML and healthy subjects. In addition we correlated the levels of CEC with disease status, known prognostic factors and response to treatment. METHODS: CEC were quantified by utilizing four-color flow cytometry procedures in 48 AML patients at the time of diagnosis and 29 healthy controls. Additionally, measurements were again taken after the first course of induction treatment in 12 of the patients. RESULTS: The numbers of aCEC, rCEC and CEPC were significantly higher in the AML patients than in the controls (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The CEC count was significantly higher in the AML patients with white blood cell count (WBC) >15 G/L, elevated lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and a higher (over median) absolute blasts count (ABC) in PB than in the group with WBC <15 G/L (P < 0.03), a normal LDH level (P < 0.03) and a lower (相似文献   

55例老年人急性白血病治疗观察

目的针对老年人急性白血病治疗方法及化疗剂量选择的意见不一，探讨支持治疗、小剂量单药化疗及联合化疗的疗效及影响预后的因素。方法回顾性分析５５例老年急性白血病患者的治疗情况，统计其完全缓解（ＣＲ）率、生存期及影响因素。结果ＣＲ率：支持治疗组１２例，为０；小剂量单药组１７例，为１７．６％；联合化疗组２６例，为３８．５％。生存期：支持治疗组平均１３天，小剂量单药及联合化疗组分别平均５．９及６．２个月。结论仅用支持治疗疗效差，联合化疗的ＣＲ率高于小剂量单药化疗者，药物毒性无增加，但未能延长患者生存期。初诊时外周血幼稚细胞过高、血小板过低者ＣＲ率低。早期病死率高、放弃治疗者多，亦是影响ＣＲ率的因素。     

急性白血病深部组织出血及其危险因素分析

急性白血病(AL)主要死亡原因是出血和感染,深部组织出血往往是AL患者主要出血形式。本研究观察初治AL患者的深部出血情况,以了解AL患者出血发生率、病死率,出血危险因素、防治措施及其对预后的影响。1资料与方法