沉默BLAP75基因对电离辐射诱导DNA损伤的影响

目的 研究BLM结合蛋白75（BLAP75）在电离辐射诱导DNA损伤反应中的生物学效应。 方法 运用RNA干扰技术,在细胞中特异性沉默BLAP75基因,然后通过单细胞凝胶电泳技术来研究电离辐射诱导DNA损伤程度的变化,并且通过再次表达BLAP75来拯救沉默BLAP75所致的实验表型,以及应用Western blot方法研究DNA损伤反应中的磷酸化修饰。 结果 与未转染的293T对照组细胞相比,电离辐射在沉默了BLAP75基因的细胞中会诱导更多的DNA断裂,并且在此细胞中重新表达BLAP75则能降低DNA断裂数量至对照组细胞水平;γ射线照射后,细胞周期检查点激酶2（Chk2）的磷酸化程度比阴性对照组细胞增强。 结论 BLAP75能减少电离辐射诱导的DNA损伤,在电离辐射损伤修复中可能具有重要作用。     

siRNA干扰SIRT1对辐射后IL-6表达的影响

目的 研究siRNA干扰沉默信息调节因子2相关酶1（SIRT1）对间充质干细胞（MSCs）电离辐射后诱导的炎性因子白细胞介素6（IL-6）的影响,探究SIRT1的辐射防护作用。 方法 使用0、2、4、8 Gy照射MSCs,分别在照后3、6、12、24 h提取总RNA和总蛋白,检测IL-6表达水平;将MSCs分为空白对照组、单纯照射组和SIRT1干扰联合照射组,使用Western blot、RT-PCR检测SIRT1和IL-6胞内表达。 结果 MSCs在电离照射后,IL-6的表达水平先升高后降低;在照后12 h达到最高,24 h恢复基准水平;而联合SIRT1干扰会引起IL-6水平进一步升高,加重MSCs电离辐射后的炎症反应。 结论 SIRT1可能通过抑制电离辐射诱导的炎性因子IL-6的表达,发挥辐射防护作用。     

电离辐射损伤相关长链非编码RNA研究进展

长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）是一类新的功能分子,可通过影响基因转录、蛋白质翻译以及蛋白质稳定性等方式调节下游靶基因,在生长发育、免疫应答、代谢调控以及肿瘤形成等生物学事件中发挥重要作用。已有研究表明lncRNAs可以通过电离辐射诱导表达,并参与细胞对电离辐射的应答反应以及细胞损伤修复过程。通过对电离辐射相关lncRNAs的研究有助于加深对电离辐射损伤应答机制的认识和了解。笔者对lncRNAs的结构功能、调控靶基因方式以及对电离辐射相关lncRNAs的功能和作用方式进行综述。     

mRNA差异显示法研究60Coγ辐射损伤内皮细胞相关基因

目的 筛选与鉴定电离辐射损伤相关的内皮细胞基因。方法 利用mRNA差异显示技术，以正常人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）和电离辐射后的HUVEC为实验材料，筛选与^60Coγ电离辐射损伤相关的基因片段。结果 经测序和鉴定，发现基因KIAA0456的两个外显子STSs和GSSs，ARF3基因在辐射后的内皮细胞中表达增加。结论 内皮细胞由上述两基因介导的细胞分化，信号传导，细胞粘附及增殖功能在辐射后增强。     

神经上皮细胞转化基因1对细胞辐射敏感性的影响及其机制探讨

目的 探讨神经上皮细胞转化基因1(Net1)对细胞辐射敏感性的影响及相关的分子作用机制.方法 运用实时荧光定量PCR检测辐射后细胞中Net1基因表达水平的变化;采用RNAi干扰技术抑制细胞中Net1的表达,用克隆形成率分析细胞的辐射敏感性;利用免疫共沉淀技术发现Net1的结合蛋白.结果 电离辐射损伤后,细胞中的Net1 mRNA水平显著上升(t=-10.52,P＜0.05);与对照组相比,siRNA沉默细胞中的Net1表达后明显增加了细胞的辐射敏感性(t=15.31、11.65,P＜0.05);无论在正常状态下还是在细胞受到辐照后,Net1都能与非同源末端连接修复蛋白Ku70、Ku80和DNA-PKcs结合.结论 Net1对细胞的辐射防护作用可能是通过与非同源末端连接修复蛋白相互作用来调控辐射损伤修复实现的.     

B细胞易位基因2的表达水平对肿瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的 研究B细胞易位基因2（BTG2）表达水平的改变对肿瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响。 方法 通过pcDNA3-BTG2脂质体转染的方法提高细胞的BTG2的表达水平,利用噻唑蓝和细胞克隆形成实验研究细胞放射敏感性的改变,应用Western blot方法研究蛋白表达水平的变化。 结果 噻唑蓝和细胞克隆形成实验结果显示,在不同剂量的γ射线照射后,提高BTG2的表达水平可明显提高乳腺癌MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞的放射敏感性。免疫共沉淀-Western blot实验结果显示BTG2蛋白与DNA损伤修复和抗氧化蛋白乳腺癌易感基因1（BRCA1）相互作用,形成复合物。高表达的BRCA1明显地抑制了BTG2高表达对乳腺癌细胞放射敏感性的调节作用,而降低BRCA1的表达水平则提高了BTG2对乳腺癌细胞放射敏感性的调节作用。另外,肺癌细胞放射敏感性与其所含的BRCA1的表达水平成反比,而与BTG2的表达水平成正比。 结论 BTG2的高表达明显提高了肿瘤细胞的放射敏感性,其机制可能与其同BRCA1形成复合物有关。     

姜油树脂对辐射后间充质干细胞Nrf2及其靶基因表达的影响

目的 探索姜油树脂对辐射后间充质干细胞中核转录因子E2相关因子2（Nrf2）及其下游靶基因表达变化的影响。 方法 采用MTT、实时PCR以及Western Blot检测不同浓度姜油树脂、不同时间点处理后Nrf2及其下游靶基因血红素加氧酶（HO1）和还原型辅酶Ⅰ醌类氧化还原酶（NQO1）的表达变化。 结果 姜油树脂对辐射后间充质干细胞中Nrf2基因本身的影响并不大,但在给予姜油树脂24 h后,10-5和10-4 g/ml姜油树脂联合照射组下游靶基因HO1和NQO1的mRNA及蛋白水平均有所上升。 结论 姜油树脂不影响Nrf2的转录和表达,但可提高其下游抗氧化基因的表达,发挥辐射防护作用。     

KGF对电离辐射后十二指肠中CTGF和Bcl-2基因表达的影响

目的 观察角质细胞生长因子（KGF）对电离辐射后十二指肠结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）、凋亡相关基因Bcl-2表达的影响,初步探讨KGF在肠道损伤中的分子机制。 方法 将昆明小鼠按随机数表法分为对照组、照射组、治疗组,每组10只。对照组不给予照射,照射组与治疗组给予剂量率为0.678 Gy/min、吸收剂量8 Gy的腹腔γ射线照射;治疗组在照射前2 d及照射后3 d均腹腔注射KGF,给药量为6 mg/kg。照射后第15天处死小鼠,取十二指肠组织做病理切片并观察病理表现;采用荧光定量PCR方法检测十二指肠组织中KGF、CTGF及Bcl-2基因的表达水平。计量资料以x±s表示;两组间差异采用独立样本t检验,P < 0.05表示差异有统计学意义。 结果 对照组十二指肠肠绒毛、隐窝结构完整,排列整齐;照射组十二指肠出现绒毛萎缩、变短或脱落,部分腺窝和绒毛处可见少量凋亡细胞;治疗组肠绒毛组织结构完整,腺窝可见少量凋亡细胞。照射组十二指肠组织中KGF、CTGF、Bcl-2基因表达量上调,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义（t=-125.55、-6.55、-6.69,均P < 0.05）。与照射组相比,治疗组CTGF基因表达量显著下调、Bcl-2基因表达量显著上调,差异均有统计学意义（t=4.89,-20.96,均P < 0.05）。 结论 KGF可能通过下调CTGF基因修复电离辐射造成的损伤,并且可能通过调节Bcl-2凋亡相关基因的表达水平来降低细胞凋亡。     

穿心莲药物对辐射损伤效应影响的初步研究

目的 探讨市售穿心莲药物制剂对辐射损伤的影响。 方法 采用高效液相色谱法分析市售的穿心莲注射液和穿心莲内酯滴丸两种不同剂型药物中穿心莲内酯含量;体外实验采用乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7和MDA-MB-231）研究穿心莲药物对γ射线照射后乳腺癌细胞生存率的影响;体内实验采用C57 BL/6鼠研究穿心莲药物对5.0 Gy和9.0 Gy的γ射线照射后的小鼠的辐射损伤的影响。 结果 穿心莲注射液和穿心莲内酯滴丸的穿心莲内酯含量分别为0.214 mg/ml和5.82 mg/粒;两种药物都上调了体外培养的乳腺癌细胞的放射敏感性;对5.0 Gy照射的C57 BL/6鼠的造血系统表现出一定保护作用,但是对9.0 Gy照射的C57 BL/6鼠则表现出辐射损伤协同作用。 结论 穿心莲药物在不同照射剂量下可对辐射损伤既表现出保护又表现出协同损伤的双向作用。     

NICD表达下调对辐射损伤小鼠成骨细胞系MC3T3-E1增殖和功能基因表达的影响

目的利用RNA干扰抑制小鼠成骨细胞系MC3T3-E1表达Notch信号通路胞内结构域（NICD）,探讨靶向抑制NICD表达对辐射损伤MC3T3-E1细胞的增殖和相关功能基因表达的影响。方法建立抑制NICD表达的MC3T3-E1细胞株,利用实时定量PCR（qRT-PCR）和Western blot法检测其NICD基因的表达。MC3T3-E1细胞和NICD RNA干扰MC3T3-E1细胞经2 Gy γ射线照射后,用BrdU掺入法和qRT-PCR法检测上述细胞的增殖及相关功能基因的表达水平。使用Student-Newman-Keuls进行组间差异分析,两组间比较采用t检验。结果用RNA干扰技术可靶向抑制MC3T3-E1细胞表达NICD。抑制NICD表达可干扰前体成骨细胞和成骨细胞的增殖。2 Gy照射后,前体成骨细胞和成骨细胞以及NICD RNA干扰的成骨细胞的增殖明显下降,各靶细胞的相关功能基因与照射前相比的变化如下:①2 Gy照射后的前体成骨细胞成骨特导性转录因子（Runx2）表达上调,差异有统计学意义（t=2.353,P < 0.05）,NICD RNA干扰的前体成骨细胞Runx2表达下调,差异有统计学意义（t=2.353,P < 0.05）;②2 Gy照射后的前体成骨细胞和成骨细胞以及NICD RNA干扰的前体成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶（ALP）表达上调,差异有统计学意义（t=3.182、3.345、3.555,均P < 0.05）,NICD RNA干扰的成骨细胞ALP表达下调,差异有统计学意义（t=5.045,P < 0.01）;③2 Gy照射后前体成骨细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配体（RANKL）表达下调,差异有统计学意义（t=2.541,P < 0.05）,成骨细胞和NICD干扰的前体成骨细胞RANKL表达上调,差异有统计学意义（t=3.299,P < 0.05;t=10.212,P < 0.01）,而抑制NICD表达则发生相反变化,差异无统计学意义（t=0.765,P>0.05）;④2 Gy照射后的前体成骨细胞和成骨细胞骨保护素（OPG）表达下调,差异有统计学意义（t=2.994、2.782,均P < 0.05）,抑制NICD表达使前体成骨细胞OPG表达上调,差异有统计学意义（t=5.841,P < 0.01）,成骨细胞OPG表达下调,差异有统计学意义（t=2.544,P < 0.05）;⑤2 Gy照射后各靶细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（M-CSF）表达变化趋势与RANKL表达变化情况一致。结论在不同阶段的成骨细胞中抑制NICD表达对辐射损伤表现出的作用是不同的:①可降低前体成骨细胞和成骨细胞的增殖,对辐射损伤后的前体成骨细胞的增殖有保护作用;②可通过调节Runx2从而明显抑制辐照后前体成骨细胞分化,减少骨质丢失;③辐照后各成骨细胞不会通过RANKL/OPG/RANK系统表现出对破骨细胞功能的调节作用;④成骨细胞经过调节M-CSF表现出对破骨细胞的功能抑制作用。     

Fractionated exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation results in accumulation of DNA damage in mouse spleen tissue and activation of apoptosis in a p53/Atm-independent manner

Purpose: While the effects of high doses of ionizing radiation (IR) are relatively well characterized, the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular responses to prolonged exposure to low doses of radiation remain largely under-investigated.

Materials and methods: Here, we addressed the DNA damage and apoptotic response in the spleen tissue of C57BL/6 male mice after fractionated exposure to X-rays within the 0.1–0.5?Gy dose range.

Results: The response to initial exposure to 0.1?Gy of IR was characterized by increased DNA damage and elevated levels of apoptosis. Subsequent exposures (cumulative doses of 0.2 and 0.3?Gy) resulted in adaptive response-like changes, represented as increased proliferation and apoptotic response. Cumulative doses of 0.4 and 0.5?Gy were characterized by accumulation of DNA damage and reactivation of apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins. Additionally, spleen cells with irreversible damage caused by radiation can undergo apoptosis via activation of p38, which does not necessarily involve the Atm/p53 pathway.

Conclusions: Fractionated exposure to low doses of X-rays resulted in accumulation of DNA damage in the murine spleen and induction of apoptotic response in p53/Atm-independent manner. Further studies are needed to understand the outcomes and molecular mechanisms underlying cellular responses and early induction of p38 in response to prolonged exposure to IR.     

New rationales for using TGFbeta inhibitors in radiotherapy

PURPOSE: The first reports that ionizing radiation (IR) induces rapid and persistent activation of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta) were nearly two decades ago. Subsequent studies have shown that TGFbeta is a major mediator of cellular and tissue responses to IR and have revealed novel facets of its complex biology. RESULTS: We and others have recently shown that inhibition of production or signaling of TGFbeta in epithelial cells modulates radiosensitivity and impedes activation of the DNA damage response program. The primary transducer of cellular response to DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation is the nuclear protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated, whose activity is severely compromised when TGFbeta is inhibited. Thus, in conjunction, with its well-recognized contribution to normal tissue fibrosis, the role of TGFbeta in the genotoxic stress program provides a previously unsuspected avenue to modulate radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that identification of the circumstances and tumors in which TGFbeta manipulation enhances tumor cell radiosensitivity, while protecting normal tissues, could significantly increase therapeutic index.     

Differing effects of breast cancer 1, early onset (BRCA1) and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) mutations on cellular responses to ionizing radiation

PURPOSE: The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene encodes a protein kinase, the activation of which is an early event in the cellular response to ionizing radiation. One of the many substrates of ATM is BRCA1 (breast cancer 1, early onset gene), which has been associated with susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer, and has been implicated in DNA repair processes. Various cellular responses to radiation were analysed in cells with mutations in ATM or BRCA1 in an attempt to clarify which effects of ATM can be mediated through BRCA1. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The response to radiation of cells with mutations in ATM or BRCA1 was examined, as were BRCA1-mutant tumour cells transfected with an exogenous wild-type BRCA1 allele. Assays included cell-survival curves, studies of potentially lethal damage repair, measurement of chromosomal aberrations and of G1 arrest, and Western blot analysis of lysates of irradiated cells to determine the phosphorylation of the product of the human Mdm2 gene (HDM2). RESULTS: Both ATM and BRCA1 mutations were associated with sensitivity to ionizing radiation, deficient repair of potentially lethal damage and markedly increased chromosomal aberrations. A BRCA1-mutated tumour cell line HCC1937, like ATM mutant cells, did not exhibit a normal G1 arrest but, unlike ATM mutant cells, did exhibit phosphorylation of HDM2. Expression of wild-type BRCA1 in HCC1937 cells partially restored radioresistance, restored repair of potentially lethal damage and markedly reduced radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations. G1 arrest, however, was not restored by expression of BRCA1. CONCLUSIONS: The results are consistent with a model in which ATM phosphorylation of BRCA1 regulates DNA repair functions, particularly those involved in potentially lethal damage repair and chromosomal integrity, but not other aspects of the cellular response to radiation such as G1 cell cycle arrest. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the ability of exogenously expressed BRCA1 to restore the ability to perform potentially lethal damage repair and maintain chromosomal integrity in irradiated cells.     

New rationales for using TGFbeta inhibitors in radiotherapy

Purpose: The first reports that ionizing radiation (IR) induces rapid and persistent activation of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ) were nearly two decades ago. Subsequent studies have shown that TGFβ is a major mediator of cellular and tissue responses to IR and have revealed novel facets of its complex biology.

Results: We and others have recently shown that inhibition of production or signaling of TGFβ in epithelial cells modulates radiosensitivity and impedes activation of the DNA damage response program. The primary transducer of cellular response to DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation is the nuclear protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated, whose activity is severely compromised when TGFβ is inhibited. Thus, in conjunction, with its well-recognized contribution to normal tissue fibrosis, the role of TGFβ in the genotoxic stress program provides a previously unsuspected avenue to modulate radiotherapy.

Conclusions: We hypothesize that identification of the circumstances and tumors in which TGFβ manipulation enhances tumor cell radiosensitivity, while protecting normal tissues, could significantly increase therapeutic index.     

褪黑素对人结肠癌细胞辐射敏感性的影响

目的 分析褪黑素联合γ射线照射对体外和体内人结肠癌HCT 116细胞生长的影响,探讨褪黑素在人结肠癌HCT 116细胞辐射敏感性中的作用。 方法 将人结肠癌HCT 116细胞分为4组,即:空白对照组（不给予任何处理）、褪黑素组（给予褪黑素,给药浓度为1 mmol/L,给药时间为2 h）、照射组（接受6 Gy γ射线照射）及褪黑素+照射组（在照射前2 h给予褪黑素,给药浓度为1 mmol/L,然后接受6 Gy γ射线照射）。体外实验:人结肠癌HCT 116细胞分别进行2、4、6、8 Gy照射,采用克隆形成实验检测细胞的增殖能力;人结肠癌HCT 116细胞进行6 Gy照射,采用流式细胞术检测24 h后细胞周期以及24 h和48 h后细胞的凋亡;采用彗星实验检测2 h后细胞DNA的损伤。体内实验:将人结肠癌HCT 116细胞接种于裸鼠体内建立肿瘤模型,检测结肠癌瘤体体积和瘤体质量的变化并计算抑瘤率。两组间比较采用t检验。 结果 ①体外实验:照射前给予褪黑素处理的人结肠癌HCT 116 细胞的克隆形成数目明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=3.83,P=0.005）;褪黑素+照射组停留在G₂期的人结肠癌HCT 116细胞比例显著增加（53.04%±4.67%）,与照射组（42.83%±7.10%）和褪黑素组（12.95%±0.96%）相比,差异均有统计学意义（t=2.94、20.66,P=0.017、P<0.01）;褪黑素+照射组在处理后24 h和 48 h大量人结肠癌HCT 116细胞发生细胞凋亡,凋亡率分别达到（12.15±0.41）%和（30.57±1.91）%,与照射组（9.00%±0.70%、8.69%±0.71%）和褪黑素组（3.03%±0.42%、12.56%±0.89%）相比,差异均有统计学意义（t=7.46、17.75、29.12、14.80,均P<0.01）;褪黑素+照射组HCT 116细胞的尾部DNA含量、尾长、尾矩和Olive尾矩均明显高于照射组（t=4.72、4.16、4.74、4.50,均P<0.01）和褪黑素组（t=20.27、22.80、13.81、18.85,均P<0.01）,差异均有统计学意义。②体内实验:褪黑素+照射组结肠癌生长速度减慢,到处理后的第15天肿瘤体积明显小于照射组和褪黑素组,差异有统计学意义（t=3.51、2.72, P=0.006、P=0.021）;褪黑素+照射组抑瘤率最高（54.7%±8.0%）,远远高于照射组和褪黑素组（t=7.50、4.12,均P<0.01）。 结论 褪黑素联合辐射对人结肠癌细胞生长有显著的抑制效应,提高了细胞对γ射线辐射的敏感性。     

Differing effects of breast cancer 1, early onset (BRCA1) and ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated (ATM) mutations on cellular responses to ionizing radiation

Purpose: The ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene encodes a protein kinase, the activation of which is an early event in the cellular response to ionizing radiation. One of the many substrates of ATM is BRCA1 (breast cancer 1, early onset gene), which has been associated with susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer, and has been implicated in DNA repair processes. Various cellular responses to radiation were analysed in cells with mutations in ATM or BRCA1 in an attempt to clarify which effects of ATM can be mediated through BRCA1.

Materials and methods: The response to radiation of cells with mutations in ATM or BRCA1 was examined, as were BRCA1‐mutant tumour cells transfected with an exogenous wild‐type BRCA1 allele. Assays included cell‐survival curves, studies of potentially lethal damage repair, measurement of chromosomal aberrations and of G1 arrest, and Western blot analysis of lysates of irradiated cells to determine the phosphorylation of the product of the human Mdm2 gene (HDM2).

Results: Both ATM and BRCA1 mutations were associated with sensitivity to ionizing radiation, deficient repair of potentially lethal damage and markedly increased chromosomal aberrations. A BRCA1‐mutated tumour cell line HCC1937, like ATM mutant cells, did not exhibit a normal G1 arrest but, unlike ATM mutant cells, did exhibit phosphorylation of HDM2. Expression of wild‐type BRCA1 in HCC1937 cells partially restored radioresistance, restored repair of potentially lethal damage and markedly reduced radiation‐induced chromosomal aberrations. G1 arrest, however, was not restored by expression of BRCA1.

Conclusions: The results are consistent with a model in which ATM phosphorylation of BRCA1 regulates DNA repair functions, particularly those involved in potentially lethal damage repair and chromosomal integrity, but not other aspects of the cellular response to radiation such as G1 cell cycle arrest. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the ability of exogenously expressed BRCA1 to restore the ability to perform potentially lethal damage repair and maintain chromosomal integrity in irradiated cells.     

藿香正气合剂对γ射线照射小鼠的防护作用研究

目的 探讨藿香正气合剂对5 Gy γ射线照射诱导的小鼠辐射损伤的防护作用。 方法 将6~8周龄的健康无特定病原体级C57BL/6J雄性小鼠按随机区组法分为正常对照组（n=10）、γ射线照射组（n=15）和γ射线照射+藿香正气合剂组（n=15）。除正常对照组外,另2组小鼠给予5 Gy γ射线一次性全身照射后1小时内,γ射线照射+藿香正气合剂组小鼠给予200 μL藿香正气合剂灌胃,对照组和单纯照射组给予200 μL 饮用水灌胃。每天给药1次,连续给药10 d,每天记录小鼠的体重变化。10 d后对小鼠进行摘眼球取血测定血常规各项指标,脱颈处死小鼠并称各脏器重量。采用t检验对组间数据进行比较。 结果 γ射线照射的2组小鼠的体重低于正常对照组小鼠,在照射后第4、6、7、8、9和10天,γ射线照射+藿香正气合剂组小鼠的体重均高于γ射线照射组,且差异均有统计学意义（t=2.138~2.529,P=0.027~0.045）。γ射线照射+藿香正气合剂组小鼠的心脏、肝脏、脾脏和胸腺的脏器指数均高于γ射线照射组,且差异均有统计学意义（t=1.768、1.894、2.085、1.992,P= 0.022、 0.023、0.038、0.044）。γ射线照射+藿香正气合剂组与γ射线照射组小鼠的脾脏和胸腺重量的差异最大,且均有统计学意义（t=2.517、2.158,P=0.028、0.029）。3组小鼠血液中血红蛋白浓度、白细胞数量和血小板数量等多项血常规指标之间有差异,且均有统计学意义（t=2.262~3.916,P=0.000~0.005）。 结论 藿香正气合剂能减缓5 Gy γ射线照射诱导的小鼠体重降低和造血系统损伤,且有一定的辐射防护作用。     

SIRT1基因沉默在辐射诱导的NLRP3和IL-1β表达中的作用研究

目的 研究沉默信息调节因子1（SIRT1）基因沉默对间充质干细胞（MSCs）受照后Nod样受体蛋白3（NLRP3）和IL-1β表达的影响,探讨SIRT1激活剂——白藜芦醇的辐射防护作用及其机理。 方法 将MSCs分为空白对照组、单纯照射组、RNA干扰组、白藜芦醇组和RNA干扰+白藜芦醇组。采用酶联免疫吸附测定、Western blot和RT-PCR等方法检测IL-1β、SIRT1和NLRP3在蛋白和mRNA水平的表达。 结果 辐射可导致MSCs细胞外IL-1β分泌水平明显升高,给予白藜芦醇后,细胞IL-1β分泌水平较单纯照射组显著下降（t=21.68,P＜0.01）,NLRP3和IL-1β mRNA水平较单纯照射组明显降低（t=14.44,P＜0.01;t=12.35,P＜0.01）,SIRT1基因沉默后,NLRP3和IL-1β的mRNA水平回升至单纯照射组水平（t=14.86,P＜0.01;t=11.12,P＜0.01）,即使再给予白藜芦醇,NLRP3和IL-1β的mRNA水平仍明显高于白藜芦醇组（t=11.31,P＜0.01;t=10.54,P＜0.01）。 结论 SIRT1基因沉默减弱了白藜芦醇对辐射诱导的NLRP3和IL-1β的抑制作用,说明白藜芦醇可能通过激活SIRT1、抑制NLRP3、降低IL-1β的表达,从而减轻辐射引起的细胞损伤。