螺旋CT对急性阑尾炎的诊断价值

目的 探讨螺旋CT对急性阑尾炎的诊断价值。方法 经临床确诊的49例急性阑尾炎的CT表现进行回顾性分析。结果 阑尾肿大增粗9例，阑尾盲肠周围炎21例，阑尾周围脓肿19例，27例中有39个粪石，右侧结肠旁沟积液14例，右侧腰大肌影模糊8例。结论 螺旋CT是诊断急性阑尾炎的有效手段，尤其能为临床合理治疗提供有利的帮助。     

儿童急性阑尾炎的CT表现及其评价

目的：探讨儿童急性阑尾炎的CT表现及其诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析本院2007年1月～2008年12月经手术和病理证实的55例小儿急性阑尾炎的临床和CT资料,总结其CT表现特点和临床应用价值。结果：55例急性阑尾炎中,卡他型12例,化脓型25例,坏疽型18例。CT表现为阑尾肿胀增粗（37/55）;阑尾腔内肠石（35/55）;阑尾腔内积气（17/55）;阑尾穿孔并周围脓肿形成（18/55）;阑尾周围组织密度不均匀升高（19/55）;相邻盲肠壁增厚（24/55）;腹水（11/55）;肠梗阻（5/55）;其它还有肝脓肿、NEC等并发症形成。结论：儿童急性阑尾炎的CT表现具有一定特点,CT检查可显示阑尾及其周围组织结构的病理改变,为临床明确诊断提供客观依据,尤其适用于儿童。     

多层螺旋CT扫描对儿童急性阑尾炎的诊断价值

目的探讨小儿急性阑尾炎的MSCT表现及其诊断价值。方法回顾分析经临床病理证实的39例急性阑尾炎儿童患者的MSCT表现。结果 39例急性阑尾炎中,25例阑尾肿大增粗;18例阑尾腔内结石钙化;7例阑尾穿孔合并周围脓肿;盲肠壁增厚,盲肠周围炎16例;阑尾腔内积气9例,肠管瘀张14例。结论 MSCT对儿童急性阑尾炎有较高的诊断准确性和临床实用价值。     

成人急性阑尾炎的MSCT评价

目的 :探讨成人急性阑尾炎的MSCT表现及其诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经手术及病理检查证实的118例成人急性阑尾炎的CT表现特点。结果:118例中,单纯性阑尾炎40例,化脓性阑尾炎29例,坏疽及穿孔性阑尾炎49例。CT示阑尾位置:8例显示不清;余110例中盆位30例(27.3%),回肠后位25例(22.7%),盲肠下位20例(18.2%),盲肠后位17例(15.5%),回肠前位10例(9.1%),盲肠外位5例(4.5%),高位2例(1.8%),盲肠内位1例(0.9%)。CT表现为阑尾肿大,阑尾壁强化缺损,阑尾腔内粪石,阑尾腔外积气,阑尾周围脂肪密度增高,邻近腹膜增厚,回盲部肠壁增厚,阑尾周围脓肿形成,腹腔或盆腔积液。CT对成人单纯性阑尾炎的诊断准确率为92.5%(37/40),化脓性阑尾炎的诊断准确率为86.2%(25/29),坏疽性及穿孔性阑尾炎的诊断准确率为98.0%(48/49),总诊断准确率为93.2%(110/118)。结论:MSCT能很好地显示成人阑尾的解剖位置及其周围的邻近组织,对于阑尾炎诊断具有很高的准确性,能为临床术前提供可靠的依据。     

多层螺旋CT对急性阑尾炎的诊断

目的 分析急性阑尾炎的多层螺旋CT(MSCT)诊断价值.方法 对58例经手术、临床证实的急性阑尾炎的阑尾大小、形态及盲肠周围改变等CT资料进行回顾性分析.结果 38例显示异常阑尾(肿大增粗、壁增厚、腔内结石积液等),46例显示阑尾周围炎性改变(阑尾周围脂肪内斑点状及条纹状模糊影、腹腔少量积液、右侧侧锥筋膜增厚、腰大肌前缘模糊、右侧肾周筋膜增厚),腔外气体2例,腔外结石1例,局限性盲肠壁增厚12例.结论 MSCT在急性阑尾炎的诊断中有重要的价值.     

CT对不典型阑尾炎的诊断价值

目的探讨CT对症状不典型急性阑尾炎的诊断价值。方法收集临床首诊未考虑阑尾炎,而经手术和病理证实的阑尾炎病例23例,对其CT表现进行观察分析。结果有11例表现为阑尾增粗,肠壁增厚;2例表现为右下腹脓肿;2例盲肠周围可见少量游离气体影;3例女性患者表现为盆腔脓肿;4例表现为盲肠及回肠肠壁增厚,周围渗液;1例伴有小肠梗阻。其中6例阑尾内可见结石。结论 CT能清楚显示阑尾的位置、形态以及周围组织的关系,对不典型阑尾炎的临床诊断,具有较高价值。     

64层螺旋CT曲面重建技术在急性阑尾炎诊断中的价值

目的探讨64层螺旋CT曲面重建在急性阑尾炎诊断中的价值。资料与方法回顾性分析82例临床拟诊为急性阑尾炎而行64层螺旋CT检查和多平面重建(MPR)及曲面重建(CPR)的病例。其中,CT诊断急性阑尾炎61例,60例经手术病理证实为急性阑尾炎。结果 91.67%(55/60)成功获得曲面重建图像。应用64层螺旋CT曲面重建后,提高了阑尾系膜水肿、回盲肠壁水肿的显示率及阑尾识别率。64层螺旋CT结合多平面重建及曲面重建诊断急性阑尾炎的准确度为98.78%,灵敏度为100%,特异度为95.45%。阳性预测值为98.36%,阴性预测值为100%。结论 64层螺旋CT曲面重建可以准确地识别阑尾,从而做出急性阑尾炎诊断。     

16层螺旋CT在急性阑尾炎诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨MSCT对急性阑尾炎的诊断价值。方法对99例手术病理证实为急性阑尾炎的MSCT检查资料进行回顾性分析,结合多平面重建技术(MPR)/曲面重建技术(CPR)分析急性阑尾炎的CT表现,并与临床病理对照。结果阑尾增粗82例,阑尾壁增厚38例,阑尾粪石43例,阑尾周围脂肪间隙"条纹征"80例,阑尾周围脓肿12例,阑尾穿孔18例,盲肠壁增厚与阑尾开口形成"箭头征"16例,右侧腰大肌肿胀模糊不清15例,腹腔积液20例,合并肠梗阻8例,阑尾无明显异常3例,CT诊断正确96例,诊断符合率为97%。结论 MSCT薄层扫描结合MPR/CPR技术在急性阑尾炎诊断中具有很高的应用价值,同时可以提高鉴别诊断能力,可作为急性阑尾炎的首选影像检查方法。     

64排螺旋CT诊断急性阑尾炎的价值

目的探讨64排螺旋CT对急性阑尾炎的诊断价值。方法收集本院46例临床上拟诊急性阑尾炎的病例。术前均采用Philips Brilliance 64排螺旋CT进行常规扫描及多层面重组。其中12例患者行双期增强扫描,总结分析,并将CT表现与手术病理结果作比较。结果在46例急性阑尾炎患者中,有32例CT显示阑尾异常增粗、壁增厚,42例显示阑尾周围渗出性炎性改变(表现阑尾周围脂肪间隙斑片状及条索状模糊影),6例阑尾周围脓肿形成,另外,阑尾内结石15例,腹腔少量积液8例,30例筋膜局限性增厚,局限性盲肠壁增厚6例,腹膜炎及低位肠梗阻4例,腔外游离气体2例。结论 64排螺旋CT扫描对急性阑尾炎的诊断具有较高价值。     

急性阑尾炎的CT检查与诊断

目的:探讨急性阑尾炎的CT诊断及其应用价值.材料和方法:33例经手术病理和(或)穿刺活检证实的阑尾炎CT资料,就CT表现、分型和诊断价值加以分析.结果:33例临床疑诊急性阑尾炎患者中,CT诊断为急性阑尾炎6例(18.18%);急性阑尾炎并阑尾周围炎10例(30.30%);急性阑尾炎伴阑尾穿孔3例(9.09%);阑尾脓肿10例(30.30%)和炎性肿块4例(12.31%).急性阑尾炎的直接CT表现有:阑尾增粗(直径＞6mm),壁增厚;阑尾结石.间接表现则有:阑尾周围脂肪组织内条索状影;阑尾周围间隙内渗液及游离气体影;阑尾脓肿或炎性肿块等.结论:对临床疑似病例做螺旋CT检查有助于诊断或排除急性阑尾炎,并可对阑尾脓肿、炎性包块与回盲部肿瘤作出鉴别.     

What is the complementary role of ultrasound evaluation in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis after CT?

The objective of our study was to estimate the complementary role of ultrasound evaluation in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis after abdominoplevic CT. A total of 104 patients initially underwent abdominopelvic CT before appendix US due to acute abdominal pain. All CT examinations were evaluated retrospectively for the presence of acute appendicitis. The findings of appendix on CT were classified into five categories (definite appendicitis, probably appendicitis, equivocal CT findings for diagnosis of appendicitis, probably not appendicitis, and normal looking appendix). Appendix US images and their radiologic reports were also evaluated retrospectively. Then, CT and US findings were correlated with clinical or pathologic diagnosis. Three all patients with definite appendicitis initially on CT again showed US findings of appendicitis. In the 32 patients of probably appendicitis on CT, US showed normal looking appendix in seven patients (21.8%, 7 of 32) who improved with medical treatment and discharged. In the 16 patients of equivocal CT findings for diagnosis of appendicitis, US showed appendicitis in seven patients (43.8%, 7 of 16) and normal looking appendix in nine patients. In the 12 patients of probably not appendicitis on CT, US showed acute appendicitis in two patients (16.7%, 2 of 12). In the 41 patients of normal looking appendix on CT, US showed acute appendicitis in five patients (12.2%, 5 of 41). US reevaluation enables us to avoid misdiagnosis of appendicitis on CT and improve diagnostic accuracy of acute appendicitis.     

螺旋CT对急性阑尾炎的诊断价值

目的：探讨螺旋CT对急性阑尾炎的诊断价值。方法：搜集CT提示或诊断为阑尾炎并经手术病理证实的34例患者，回顾性分析其CT征象。结果：15例CT表现为阑尾增粗，壁增厚；26例表现为右下腹或盆腔炎性改变（如周围脂肪密度增高、肠周积液、蜂窝织炎、脓肿、腔外气体、淋巴结肿大、相邻肠管增厚、阑尾结石或粪石）；6例盲肠末端有局限性增厚；4例右侧腰大肌影模糊。结论：CT诊断急性阑尾炎有独到之处，能为临床合理治疗提供帮助。     

32层螺旋CT三维重组在急性阑尾炎诊断及鉴别诊断中的价值

目的：探讨32层螺旋CT三维重组诊断急性阑尾炎的临床应用。方法：搜集60例临床拟诊急性阑尾炎的病例,采用32层螺旋CT进行扫描,以1.25mm层厚行薄层多平面容积重组图像后处理,总结分析其CT表现,并将诊断结果与手术及病理结果进行对照。结果：60例患者中,诊断为急性阑尾炎54例,右侧腹股沟疝1例,右侧输尿管下段结石1例,胆囊炎1例,结肠肿瘤1例,假阴性2例。其中CT表现为阑尾水肿、增粗、管壁增厚者52例,阑尾腔内肠石10例,阑尾周围炎45例,回盲部壁增厚12例,阑尾脓肿2例,阑尾穿孔2例,其中1例并发腹膜炎及麻痹性小肠梗阻。结论：急性阑尾炎有典型的CT表现,32层螺旋CT三维重组及图像后处理技术能从不同角度显示阑尾及其周围情况,在急性阑尾炎的诊断和鉴别诊断中,有较高的临床应用价值。     

Diagnostic accuracy of focused appendiceal CT in clinically equivocal cases of acute appendicitis.

PURPOSE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of modified focused appendiceal computed tomography (CT) to exclude or confirm appendicitis in patients who presented with equivocal symptoms and signs of appendicitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred patients (age range, 14-81 years; mean age, 30.6 years) with equivocal symptoms and signs of acute appendicitis were included in this prospective study. Patients were given 30 mL of diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium and 60 mL of sorbitol mixed in 1 L of water orally over 1 hour. CT was performed 1.5 hours after the commencement of oral contrast material administration. The criteria used for the diagnosis of appendicitis were (a) appendix greater than 6 mm in maximum diameter, (b) no contrast material in the appendiceal lumen, and (c) inflammatory changes in the periappendiceal fat. CT results were compared with histopathologic findings at appendectomy. Patients with negative CT findings were followed up by telephone or clinically. RESULTS: Of 100 cases, 30 were positive at CT and 70 were negative. There were 28 true-positive cases; two false-positive cases, one cecal diverticulitis and one pelvic peritonitis with periappendicitis; and two false-negative cases, one perforated appendix and one mucosal and submucosal inflammation of the appendix but no transmural inflammation. Sensitivity was 93%, specificity was 97%, and accuracy was 96%. CONCLUSION: Focused appendiceal CT in which oral contrast material is used alone yields high levels of accuracy in clinically equivocal cases of acute appendicitis.     

非增强螺旋CT扫描对急性阑尾炎的诊断价值

目的 评价非增强螺旋CT扫描对急性阑尾炎的诊断价值。资料与方法 对115例临床怀疑急性阑尾炎患者作非增强螺旋CT扫描，不口服或结肠内灌注对比剂，层厚10mm，Pitch1，扫描范围从L3椎体至耻骨联合。CT诊断急性阑尾炎的标准包括阑尾增粗横径超过6mm，或阑尾结石同时伴有阑尾周围的炎性改变。CT诊断结果与手术、病理或临床随访结果进行对照。结果 CT发现56例真阳性，49例真阴性，7例假阴性和3例假阳性。CT诊断急性阑尾炎的敏感性为89％，特异性为94％，准确性为91％，阳性预测值为95％，阴性预测值为88％。49例无阑尾炎患者中，CT发现其他病变22例(45％)。结论 非增强螺旋CT扫描，能快速、准确地诊断有无急性阑尾炎，而且还能发现除阑尾炎以外的其他各种病变。     

The nonvisualized appendix: incidence of acute appendicitis when secondary inflammatory changes are absent

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to assess the importance of nonvisualization of the appendix and its association with acute appendicitis on helical CT when secondary inflammatory changes are absent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After we received institutional review board approval, CT scans of 366 consecutive patients obtained for lower abdominal or right lower quadrant pain and to rule out appendicitis were retrospectively reviewed. Images were reviewed by an experienced abdominal radiologist and compared with the formal interpretation. The amount of right lower quadrant and pericecal fat was quantified on a scale of 0 (none) to 2 (abundant). Patients with a nonvisualized appendix and other findings compatible with acute appendicitis-such as abscess formation, localized perforation, periappendiceal fat stranding, or appendicolith-were excluded. RESULTS: The appendix could not be visualized by both reviewers in 46 (13%) of 366 cases. CT findings indicated another cause for the patient's symptoms in 12 cases (26%), including gastrointestinal and genitourinary processes. An alternate diagnosis was subsequently reached in 11 additional patients (24%) with follow-up imaging or clinical evaluation. Only one patient (2%) with a nonvisualized appendix had acute appendicitis, proven by surgical pathology. In this patient, there was paucity of fat in the right lower quadrant. CONCLUSION: In the absence of a distinctly visualized appendix and secondary inflammatory changes, the incidence of acute appendicitis is low. Nonvisualization of the appendix even when a small amount of fat is present in the right lower quadrant may safely exclude acute appendicitis if no secondary CT findings are present.     

多排螺旋CT在不典型急性阑尾炎诊断中的应用

目的探讨多排螺旋CT在不典型急性阑尾炎诊断中的意义。方法对56例不典型急性阑尾炎患者CT影像、治疗结果进行回顾性分析。结果 56例中,男20例,女36例,年龄17～88岁,平均(51.5±15.7)岁。发病时间1 h～7 d。螺旋CT均显示阑尾图像。CT影像表现为阑尾水肿增粗、管壁增厚33例,其中23例伴有阑尾周围渗出、积液。9例阑尾周围脓肿,5例阑尾腔内发现肠石。15例发现回盲部肠壁增厚,2例发现升结肠肿物。5例显示正常阑尾影像,其中2例发现右附件肿物,2例小肠节段性肠壁增厚,1例肠系膜淋巴结肿大。CT扫描结合临床诊断急性阑尾炎51例,行手术治疗47例,均经病理组织学检查证实。5例排除阑尾炎。结论多排螺旋CT阑尾影像特征对不典型急性阑尾炎诊断和治疗选择有重要价值。     

腔内凸阵探头在急性阑尾炎诊断中的临床价值

目的:探讨腔内凸阵探头在急性阑尾炎诊断中的临床价值。方法:分别用腹部低频凸阵探头、高频线阵探头、腔内凸阵探头对54例临床可疑急性阑尾炎患者进行检查,首先判断阑尾及其位置,再根据阑尾管径及长径、管壁回声及腔内回声、肠系膜淋巴结有无肿大、阑尾周围有无积液等改变诊断阑尾炎,并将检查结果与手术病理结果对比。结果:经腹部低频凸阵探头诊断急性阑尾炎28例,漏诊20例,诊断符合率为58.3%,排除急性阑尾炎4例;高频线阵探头诊断急性阑尾炎43例,漏诊5例,诊断符合率为89.6%;腔内凸阵探头诊断急性阑尾炎42例,漏诊6例,诊断符合率为87.5%,排除急性阑尾炎3例。结论:腔内凸阵探头既可定位诊断阑尾的位置,了解阑尾与周围脏器的关系及病变情况,减少误诊、漏诊率,也可定性诊断阑尾的严重程度,对诊断急性阑尾炎有较高的临床价值。     

急性阑尾炎MRI诊断的临床意义

目的 探讨急性阑尾炎的MRI表现及其临床意义.资料与方法 采用MRI SsH/T_2W-DRIVE序列、SsH/T_2WI序列、STIR/TSE序列和B-SPIR-TFE序列对20例临床诊断为急性阑尾炎和21例右下腹疼痛原因待查的患者进行MRI,采用统计学方法比较两组间差异,并与随后的手术结果进行对照.结果 急性阑尾炎在临床明确诊断组中,阑尾腔外径平均为(0.605±0.205)cm、平均壁厚(0.318±0.106)cm;在腹痛原因待查组中,阑尾腔外径平均为(0.613±0.185)cm、阑尾平均壁厚(0.354±0.179)cm,两者间差异无统计学意义.与手术结果对比,急性单纯性阑尾炎主要表现为阑尾壁T_2信号增高和无阑尾周局部积液;化脓性阑尾炎主要表现为阑尾腔扩张、阑尾腔T_2信号增高、阑尾壁增厚、阑尾壁T_2信号增高或有阑尾周围局部积液;而坏疽性阑尾炎表现与化脓性阑尾炎相似;阑尾脓肿则表现为阑尾消失和回盲部包裹性高信号.MR图像能清晰地显示阑尾的具体位置.结论 采用MRI不同序列检查,能在定位与分期诊断上为临床选择治疗方案和采取预防并发症的措施提供重要依据.