静脉留置针与钢针静脉输液并发症的对比分析

目的 了解静脉留置针治疗并发症的发生情况.方法 1 348例患者,分为静脉留置针组和钢针静脉输液组,观察2组并发症的发生率.结果 2组并发症发生率无显著性差异,但静脉留置针组静脉炎、导管阻塞的发生率高于钢针静脉输液组,渗漏、皮下血肿发生率低于钢针静脉输液组.结论 静脉留置针治疗与传统输液治疗并发症有所不同,应针对不同的原因,采取相应措施预防相应并发症.     

优质护理服务对减少儿科静脉留置针并发症的影响

目的 探讨优质护理服务对减少儿科静脉留置针并发症的影响。方法 选取2014年5~10月在儿科行静脉留置针输液治疗的160例患儿作为对照组,给予常规静脉输液护理。选取2014年11月-2015年4月在儿科行静脉留置针输液治疗的160例患儿作为观察组,在常规静脉输液护理基础上给予优质护理服务。比较2组患儿静脉留置针并发症及患儿家属满意度。结果 观察组静脉留置针并发症发生率明显低于对照组(χ²=9.416,P=0.002);患儿家属满意度显著高于对照组(Z=-3.186,P=0.001)。结论 优质护理服务可显著减少儿科静脉留置针并发症的发生率,提高患儿家属满意度。     

腋静脉留置针在早产儿输液中的应用

目的:探讨腋静脉留置针在早产儿输液中的应用效果.方法:将63例早产儿随机分为观察组32例和对照组31例,观察组采用腋静脉留置针穿刺输液,对照组采用常规头皮静脉或四肢静脉留置针穿刺输液.比较两组留置针保留时间、一次性穿刺成功率、并发症发生率、注射泵连接管缠绕肢体发生率.结果:观察组留置针保留时间、一次性穿刺成功率、并发症发生率、注射泵连接管缠绕肢体发生率均显著优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:腋静脉留置针可为早产儿的安全输液提供有力保证,值得临床推广.     

健康教育在儿科门诊静脉留置针护理中的应用效果

目的探讨健康教育在儿科门诊输液患儿使用静脉留置针护理中的应用效果。方法选取2014年1月～2015年1月于我院门诊使用静脉留置针的200例患儿作为研究对象,随机分为对照组(92例)和干预组(108例)。对照组实行常规留置针护理,干预组在常规留置针护理的基础上对患儿及家属进行健康教育干预。比较2组留置针的使用情况、置管时间、并发症的发生率。结果干预组患儿静脉留置针的留置时间明显高于对照组(P 0. 01);干预组患儿输液并发症的发生率明显低于对照组(P 0. 01)。结论实施健康教育能有效预防和减少患儿静脉留置针并发症的发生率,延长留置时间,提高满意度,有利于治疗顺利进行。     

无钢针化输液管理在神经内科护理中的应用

目的 探讨无钢针化输液管理在神经内科患者输液中的应用效果。方法 选取120例神经内科输液治疗的患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各60例,对照组患者采用一次性静脉输液钢针输液,观察组患者采用外周静脉留置针(BD祥玛Tm静脉留置针、经外周静脉中心静脉导管(PICC)及锁骨下静脉留置针)进行静脉输液。观察2组患者堵管,静脉炎,药物外渗,不慎脱针和拔管,患者满意度,医务人员针刺伤等情况进行观察。结果观察组患者堵管,静脉炎,发生回血,药物外渗,不慎脱针和拔管,针刺伤明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者满意度明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 无钢针化输液管理在神经内科工作中方便,安全,避免隐患,减少并发症的发生,明显提高患者的满意度,值得在临床工作中广泛推广。 更多还原     

静脉留置针在小儿静脉采集血标本并输液中的应用

目的:探讨静脉留置针在小儿静脉采集血标本并输液中的应用效果。方法:将550例需采血化验并静脉输液治疗患儿随机分为实验组284例和对照组266例,实验组采用静脉留置针采集血标本后输液,对照组按照常规方法行静脉穿刺采集血标本、静脉留置针单纯输液,比较两组采集血标本质量、皮下血肿发生率、一次穿刺成功率。结果:两组采集血标本质量、皮下血肿发生率、一次穿刺成功率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:小儿应用静脉留置针采集血标本并输液,可保证采集血标本的质量,减少静脉穿刺次数与并发症的发生,减少患儿痛苦,提高满意度。     

综合护理干预在急诊患儿静脉留置针护理中的应用

目的探讨综合护理干预在急诊患儿静脉留置针护理中的应用效果。方法选择2019年11月—2020年4月在本院急诊科就诊的320例采用静脉留置针输液的患儿为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组均为160人。对照组采取急诊科静脉留置针输液常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施综合性护理干预。比较两组静脉留置针留置时间、并发症发生率及家属满意度。结果观察组的患儿的静脉留置针留置时间较对照组长(P0.05),家属满意度均高于对照组(P0.05),相关并发症的发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论与常规护理措施比较,实施综合护理干预可以有效地延长急诊患儿静脉留置针的留置时间,降低静脉留置针相关并发症的发生率,提高急诊输液患儿家属满意度,值得在临床应用推广。     

腋静脉留置针在早产儿的临床应用及安全性

将我院收治的64例早产儿随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组的早产儿采用常规的头皮静脉或者四肢静脉留置针穿刺输液,观察组的早产儿采用腋静脉留置针穿刺输液,比较两组患儿留置针的保留时间、并发症的发生率、一次性穿刺成功率及注射泵连接管缠绕肢体的发生率。观察组患儿的留置针的保留时间比对照组长,一次性穿刺成功率明显优于对照组,并发症的发生率、注射泵连接管缠绕肢体的发生率比对照组低,差异显著,具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。在早产儿中应用腋静脉留置针,可显著减少患儿的痛苦,保留时间长,并发症少,为患儿的安全输液提供了强有力的保证。     

静脉留置针并发症发生的相关因素及预防对策研究

总结临床静脉留置针并发症发生的相关因素,并采取相应的预防措施。认为开展健康宣教,提高护理人员静脉留置针操作技能,掌握正确的静脉留置针穿刺、固定方法,指导病人掌握简单的静脉留置针输液治疗时相关注意事项,能够有效预防静脉留置针并发症的发生,明确静脉留置针并发症发生的相关因素,并掌握相应的预防对策,有利于降低静脉留置针并发症发生率,提高静脉留置针临床治疗效果。     

2种新生儿静脉穿刺法的效果比较

目的探讨新生儿静脉输液静脉穿刺方法。方法将216例需长期静脉输液的新生儿随机分为观察组和对照组各108例，观察组采用腋静脉穿刺行留置静脉输液，对照组采用头皮静脉穿刺行留置静脉输液，2组置管后护理方法相同，观察比较2组患儿静脉炎发生及留置针保留时间。结果观察组较对照组静脉炎发生率低，留置针保留时间长，差异有统计学意义（均p〈0．01）。结论新生儿采用腋静脉行留置静脉输液，静脉炎发生率低，留置针保留时间长。     

瑞芬太尼静脉自控分娩镇痛对产后抑郁的影响

目的 研究瑞芬太尼静脉自控分娩镇痛对产后抑郁的影响。 方法 选取2014年3月~2017年3月入我院妇产科进行分娩的单胎头位足月初产妇 66例作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将产妇分为瑞芬太尼组（n=22）、硬膜外组（n=22）和对照组（n=22）。瑞芬太尼组采用瑞芬太尼静脉自控分娩镇痛,硬膜外组行硬膜外分娩镇痛,对照组为自然分娩。记录3组产妇组产妇产程、出血量和新生儿体质量等一般情况指标,采用视觉模拟评分量表（VAS）评价产妇分娩各时点的疼痛指数,医院焦虑-抑郁情绪自评量表（HAD）评定产妇产前情绪状况,爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）评价产妇产后抑郁状态,并对3组调查资料进行对比分析。 结果 瑞芬太尼组、硬膜外组和对照组患者年龄、体质量指数、孕周、产程、出血量和新生儿体质量等资料的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。3组产妇娩出后的VAS评分较分娩时均有所降低。瑞芬太尼组和硬膜外组分娩时、娩出后的VAS评分均比对照组低（P<0.05）。与硬膜外比较,瑞芬太尼组分娩时、娩出后的VAS评分稍高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。3组产妇生产前的HAD评分及产前抑郁率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。生产后瑞芬太尼组EPDS评分和产后抑郁发生率低于对照组和硬膜外组（P<0.05）。对照组和硬膜外组EPDS评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。硬膜外组产后抑郁发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论 瑞芬太尼静脉自控分娩镇痛较硬膜外镇痛效果差,但可以减少产妇产后抑郁现象的发生,对产前有抑郁倾向的产妇可选用瑞芬太尼静脉镇痛。       

Hospital-wide intravenous initiative

During a 6-month period under the leadership of a clinical nurse specialist, a Midwestern tertiary care hospital explored the need for standardizing a hospital-wide intravenous infusion system, based on best practice. The Center for Advanced Nursing Practice's Evidence-Based Practice Model guided the process for successful design, implementation, and reporting of results. The new system contributed to positive outcomes identified in project goals: (1) to minimize patient risk from interruption of intravenous lines; (2) to increase clinician satisfaction by improved user safety and system standardization; and (3) to demonstrate responsible organizational financial stewardship. Ultimately, the standardized hospital-wide intravenous initiative empowered bedside clinicians by providing an infrastructure for best practice.     

Why flush peripheral intravenous cannulae used for intermittent intravenous injection?

We aimed to investigate whether regular flushing of peripheral intravenous cannulae used for intermittent injections with heparin-saline, in a unit for acute medicine for the elderly, reduced the incidence of complications necessitating cannula removal. We wanted to see if this could also prolong the time that cannulae may remain functional in situ. In a prospective, open study, 50 consecutively inserted cannulae were flushed regularly and a subsequent 50 consecutive cannulae were not flushed. The incidence of complications necessitating removal was not significantly different between the two groups (18% flushed, 22% unflushed). Overall, only 5% of cannulae were removed because of blockage. Heparin-saline flushes did not significantly increase the time that cannulae remained in situ. Antibiotic use was found to be associated with an increased rate of complications necessitating cannula removal. We found no significant advantage in heparin-saline flushing of peripheral intravenous cannulae used for intermittent administration of medications.     

Comparison of intravenous valproate with intravenous lysine-acetylsalicylic acid in acute migraine attacks

OBJECTIVE: The study compared efficacy and tolerability of intravenous valproate (iVPA) with intravenous lysine-acetylsalicylic acid (iLAS) in acute migraine attacks. Background.-iLAS has been proven to be a highly effective treatment in acute migraine attacks, but it is not available in many countries and contraindicated in patients with asthma or peptic ulcers. Current data suggest that iVPA may be effective in the treatment of acute migraine attacks. DESIGN/METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind, parallel-group phase-II study, 40 patients with acute migraine attacks (onset <5 hours, severe or moderate headache on a four-point IHS scale) alternately received iVPA 800 mg or iLAS 1000 mg. Primary outcome criteria were the percentage of patients reporting pain relief after 1 hour and patients who remained sustained pain free for 24 hours following drug administration. Secondary outcome criteria were relief of pain and associated migrainous symptoms (nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia) at 1, 2, 24, and 48 hours following drug administration. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in demographic and clinical features between both treatment groups. Percentage of pain relief after 1 hour in the iVPA and iLAS groups were 25% and 30%, respectively, and of sustained pain free for 24 hours were 20% and 30%, respectively, without significant differences (P = 1 and P= .72, respectively). Both drugs improved associated migrainous symptoms without significant differences at the different time points, but again with a trend in favor of iLAS. No adverse events were observed. CONCLUSION: Both drugs were effective in acute migraine attacks with a trend in favor of iLAS. As both drugs were well tolerated, further studies with higher doses of iVPA for the treatment of acute migraine attacks are recommended.     

Dysrhythmias following intravenous metoclopramide

A case is described in which administration of intravenous metoclopramide was twice followed by cardiac dysrhythmias. The literature is reviewed.