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Takayuki Fujii Masao Hagihara Keiko Mitamura Shiori Nakashima Shin Ohara Tomoyuki Uchida Morihiro Inoue Moe Okuda Atsuhiro Yasuhara Jurika Murakami Calvin Duong Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto Seiya Yamayoshi Yoshihiro Kawaoka 《Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)》2022,61(11):1681
Objective Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread globally. Although the relationship between anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and COVID-19 severity has been reported, information is lacking regarding the seropositivity of patients with particular types of diseases, including hematological diseases. Methods In this single-center, retrospective study, we compared SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity between patients with hematological diseases and those with non-hematological diseases. Results In total, 77 adult COVID-19 patients were enrolled. Of these, 30 had hematological disorders, and 47 had non-hematological disorders. The IgG antibody against the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein was detected less frequently in patients with hematological diseases (60.0%) than in those with non-hematological diseases (91.5%; p=0.029). Rituximab use was significantly associated with seronegativity (p=0.010). Conclusion Patients with hematological diseases are less likely to develop anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies than those with non-hematological diseases, which may explain the poor outcomes of COVID-19 patients in this high-risk group. 相似文献
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《Reumatología clinica》2020,16(6):437-446
ObjectiveTo produce recommendations for patients with rheumatological diseases receiving immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive therapies (conventional drugs, biologicals, and small molecules) during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methodsThe recommendations were determined using the Delphi method as an agreement tool. A panel of experts was formed, with academic backgrounds and research experience in rheumatology. A literature search was conducted and 42 questions were generated. The level of agreement was made with 80% of approval by the participants.ResultsA group of eleven rheumatologists from 7 cities in the country participated. The response rate was 100% for the three consultation rounds. In the first round, agreement was reached on 35 questions, on 37 in the second round, and on 42 questions in the third round.ConclusionThe recommendation for the majority of the pharmacological treatments used in rheumatology is to continue with immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive therapies in patients who do not have the infection, and to suspend it in patients with a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. 相似文献
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《Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews》2020,14(5):1355-1360
Background and aimThe pandemic of COVID-19 has put forward the public health system across countries to prepare themselves for the unprecedented outbreak of the present time. Recognition of the associated risks of morbidity and mortality becomes not only imperative but also fundamental to determine the prevention strategies as well as targeting the high-risk populations for appropriate therapies.MethodsWe reviewed, collated and analysed the online database i.e. Pubmed, Google scholar, Researchgate to highlight the demographic and mechanistic link between obesity and associated risks of severity in COVID-19.ResultsWe observed a changing dynamic in the reporting from the time of initial pandemic in China to currently reported research. While, initially body mass index (BMI) did not find a mention in the data, it is now clearly emerging that obesity is one of the profound risk factors for complications of COVID-19.ConclusionOur review will help clinicians and health policy makers in considering the importance of obesity in making the prevention and therapeutic strategies of COVID-19. An extra attention and precaution for patients with obesity in COVID-19 pandemic is recommended. 相似文献
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Cassia F. Estofolete Cecilia A. Banho Guilherme R. F. Campos Beatriz de C. Marques Livia Sacchetto Leila S. Ullmann Fabio S. Possebon Luana F. Machado Juliana D. Syrio Joo P. Araújo Junior Cintia Bittar Paula Rahal Suzana M. A. Lobo Helena Lage Ferreira Nikos Vasilakis Mauricio L. Nogueira 《Viruses》2021,13(7)
The rapid development of efficacious and safe vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been instrumental in mitigating the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Moreover, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants raised concerns on the efficacy of these vaccines. Herein, we report two cases of breakthrough infections with the P1 variant in patients vaccinated with CoronaVac, which is one of the two vaccines authorized for emergency use in the Brazilian immunization program. Our observations suggest that the vaccine reduced the severity of the disease and highlight the potential risk of illness following vaccination and subsequent infection with the P1 variant as well as for continued efforts to prevent and diagnose infection in vaccinated persons. 相似文献
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Etienne Crickx 《British journal of haematology》2023,201(6):1023-1024
Whether COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality are increased in splenectomized patients is unknown. The study by Bianchi et al. suggests increased hospitalizations and mortality rates in splenectomized patients, despite observing similar infection rates when compared to the general population. Commentary on: Bianchi et al. Burden of COVID19 disease and vaccine coverages in Apulian splenectomized patients. A retrospective observational study. Br J Haematol 2023;201:1072–1080. 相似文献
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BackgroundAs COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was lower for cases of the Omicron vs the Delta variant, understanding the effect of vaccination in reducing risk of hospitalisation and severe disease among COVID-19 cases is crucial.AimTo evaluate risk reduction of hospitalisation and severe disease in vaccinated COVID-19 cases during the Omicron BA.1-predominant period in Navarre, Spain.MethodsA case-to-case comparison included COVID-19 epidemiological surveillance data in adults ≥ 18 years from 3 January–20 March 2022. COVID-19 vaccination status was compared between hospitalised and non-hospitalised cases, and between severe (intensive care unit admission or death) and non-severe cases using logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 58,952 COVID-19 cases, 565 (1.0%) were hospitalised and 156 (0.3%) were severe. The risk of hospitalisation was reduced within the first 6 months after full COVID-19 vaccination (complete primary series) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.06; 95% CI: 0.04–0.09) and after 6 months (aOR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.12–0.21; pcomparison < 0.001), as well as after a booster dose (aOR: 0.06: 95% CI: 0.04–0.07). Similarly, the risk of severe disease was reduced (aOR: 0.13, 0.18, and 0.06, respectively). Compared with cases fully vaccinated 6 months or more before a positive test, those who had received a booster dose had lower risk of hospitalisation (aOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.28–0.52) and severe disease (aOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.21–0.68).ConclusionsFull COVID-19 vaccination greatly reduced the risk of hospitalisation and severe outcomes in COVID-19 cases with the Omicron variant, and a booster dose improved this effect in people aged over 65 years. 相似文献
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Nicola Veronese Roberta Bonica Sergio Cotugno Ottavia Tulone Michele Camporeale Lee Smith Mike Trott Olivier Bruyere Luigi Mirarchi Giuseppina Rizzo Davide Fiore Bavaro Mario Barbagallo Ligia J. Dominguez Claudia Marotta Andrea Silenzi Emanuele Nicastri Annalisa Saracino Francesco Di Gennaro 《Viruses》2022,14(9)
Introduction: Although the understanding of several aspects of long COVID-19 syndrome is increasing, there is limited literature regarding the treatment of these signs and symptoms. The aim of our systematic review was to understand which therapies have proved effective against the symptoms of long COVID-19. Methods: A systematic search for randomized controlled or clinical trials in several databases was conducted through 15 May 2022. Specific inclusion criteria included: (1) intervention studies, either randomized controlled (RCTs) or clinical trials; (2) diagnosis of long COVID-19, according to the World Health Organization criteria; (3) presence of long COVID-19 for at least 12 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: We initially found 1638 articles to screen. After removing 1602 works based on their title/abstract, we considered 35 full texts, and among them, two intervention studies were finally included. The first RCT focused on the greater improvement of treatment combining olfactory rehabilitation with oral supplementation with Palmitoylethanolamide and Luteolin in patients with olfactory dysfunction after COVID-19. The second study evaluated the positive impact of aromatherapy vs. standard care in adult females affected by fatigue. Conclusion: Our systematic review found only two intervention studies focused on patients affected by long COVID-19. More intervention studies are needed to investigate potentially positive interventions for long COVID-19 symptoms. 相似文献
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《The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases》2020,24(6):561-564
During SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) pandemic, the etiologic agent of COVID-19, several studies described the involvement of other tissues besides the respiratory tract, such as the gastrointestinal tract. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, the functional virus host cell receptor expressed by organs and tissues, seems to have an important role in the pathophysiology and presentation of this disease. In pancreas, this receptor is expressed in both exocrine glands and islets, being a potential target for the virus and subsequent pancreatic injury. There are few articles reporting pancreatic injury in COVID-19 patients but most of them do not report acute pancreatitis. Diagnosing acute pancreatitis secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection is challenging due to the need to rule out other etiologies as well the notable heterogeneous presentations. Herein we report the case of a patient with COVID-19 who developed severe acute pancreatitis. 相似文献
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自新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染疫情流行以来,由于其传播速度快,致病力强,给公共卫生事业带来极大的压力.随着对新型冠状病毒的深入研究发现,SARS-CoV-2感染与心肌损伤密切相关.临床上对于新型冠状病毒造成的心肌损伤也越来越重视.本文就新型冠状病毒感染相关心肌损伤的可能发病机制、诊断及治疗作一综述,以期对合... 相似文献
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It is unclear whether universal PCR screening for SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic individuals prior to admission is useful. From April to December 2020, the positive rate of universal pre-admission screening was 0.005% (4/76,521) in a tertiary care hospital in Korea. The positive rates were not different between the periods (period 1 (daily new patients of <1 per million inhabitants) vs. period 2 (1–8.3 per million inhabitants) vs. period 3 (10.3 to 20 per million inhabitants); P = 0.45). Universal pre-admission screening for SARS-CoV-2 had a lower positive rate than that of symptom-based screening (0.005% vs. 0.049% (53/109,257), p < 0.001). In addition, seven patients with negative pre-admission test results had subsequent positive PCR during hospitalization, and four patients had secondary transmission. Universal pre-admission PCR screening may not be practical in settings of low prevalence of COVID-19, and negative PCR results at admission should not serve as a basis for underestimating the risk of nosocomial spread from asymptomatic patients. 相似文献
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《Primary Care Diabetes》2020,14(5):558-563
COVID-19 and diabetes are currently two global pandemics. Epidemiological studies indicate that diabetes is the second most common comorbidity in COVID-19. This review aims to summarize currently available data about prevalence, possible pathophysiological mechanisms and management of patients with diabetes and COVID-19. 相似文献
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Thomas G. Flower Cosmo Z. Buffalo Richard M. Hooy Marc Allaire Xuefeng Ren James H. Hurley 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2021,118(2)
The molecular basis for the severity and rapid spread of the COVID-19 disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is largely unknown. ORF8 is a rapidly evolving accessory protein that has been proposed to interfere with immune responses. The crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 was determined at 2.04-Å resolution by X-ray crystallography. The structure reveals a ∼60-residue core similar to SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a, with the addition of two dimerization interfaces unique to SARS-CoV-2 ORF8. A covalent disulfide-linked dimer is formed through an N-terminal sequence specific to SARS-CoV-2, while a separate noncovalent interface is formed by another SARS-CoV-2−specific sequence, 73YIDI76. Together, the presence of these interfaces shows how SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 can form unique large-scale assemblies not possible for SARS-CoV, potentially mediating unique immune suppression and evasion activities.The severity of the current COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) relative to past outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome, SARS, and other betacoronaviruses in humans begs the question as to its molecular basis. The accessory protein ORF8 is one of the most rapidly evolving betacoronavirus proteins (1–7). While ORF8 expression is not strictly essential for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 replication, a 29-nucleotide deletion (Δ29) that occurred early in human to human transmission of SARS-CoV, splitting ORF8 into ORF8a and ORF8b, is correlated with milder disease (8). A 382-nucleotide deletion (Δ382) in SARS-CoV-2 (9, 10) was also found to correlate with milder disease and a lower incidence of hypoxia (11).SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 is a 121-amino acid (aa) protein consisting of an N-terminal signal sequence followed by a predicted Ig-like fold (12). With <20% sequence identity to SARS-CoV ORF8, SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 is remarkably divergent. ORF8 proteins from both viruses possess a signal sequence for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) import. Within the lumen of the ER, SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 interacts with a variety of host proteins, including many factors involved in ER-associated degradation (13). Presumably, ORF8 is secreted, rather than retained in the ER, since ORF8 antibodies are one of the principal markers of SARS-CoV-2 infections (14). Several functions have been proposed for SARS-CoV-2 ORF8. ORF8 disrupts IFN-I signaling when exogenously overexpressed in cells (15). It has been shown that ORF8 of SARS-CoV-2, but not ORF8 or ORF8a/ORF8b of SARS-CoV, down-regulates MHC-I in cells (16).These observations suggest the relationship between ORF8 structure, function, and sequence variation may be pivotal for understanding the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 as a deadly human pathogen. Yet not only is there no three-dimensional structure of any ORF8 protein from any coronavirus, there are no homologs of known structure with sequence identity sufficient for a reliable alignment. SARS and SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a are the most closely related templates of known structure (17), yet their core is approximately half the size of ORF8, and their primary sequence identity is negligible. Therefore, we determined the crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8. The structure confirms the expected Ig-like fold and overall similarity of the core fold to SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a. The structure reveals two novel dimer interfaces for SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 unique relative to all but its most recent ancestors in bats. Together, our results set the foundation for elucidating essential aspects of ORF8 biology to be leveraged for the development of novel therapeutics. 相似文献
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Xingyun Wang Nino Rcheulishvili Jie Cai Cong Liu Fengfei Xie Xing Hu Nuo Yang Mengqi Hou Dimitri Papukashvili Yunjiao He Peng George Wang 《Viruses》2022,14(5)
Despite the existence of various types of vaccines and the involvement of the world’s leading pharmaceutical companies, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains the most challenging health threat in this century. Along with the increased transmissibility, new strains continue to emerge leading to the need for more vaccines that would elicit protectiveness and safety against the new strains of the virus. Nucleic acid vaccines seem to be the most effective approach in case of a sudden outbreak of infection or the emergence of a new strain as it requires less time than any conventional vaccine development. Hence, in the current study, a DNA vaccine encoding the trimeric prefusion-stabilized ectodomain (S1+S2) of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein was designed by introducing six additional prolines mutation, termed HexaPro. The three-dose regimen of designed DNA vaccine immunization in mice demonstrated the generation of protective antibodies. 相似文献
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Tomoyasu Nishimura Yoshifumi Uwamino Shunsuke Uno Shoko Kashimura Toshikimi Shiraki Toshinobu Kurafuji Maasa Morita Masayo Noguchi Tatsuhiko Azegami Nobuko Yamada-Goto Ayano Murai-Takeda Hirokazu Yokoyama Kazuyo Kuwabara Suzuka Kato Minako Matsumoto Aya Hirata Miho Iida Sei Harada Tamami Ishizaka Kana Misawa Mitsuru Murata Hideyuki Saya Masayuki Amagai Yuko Kitagawa Tsutomu Takeuchi Masaaki Mori Toru Takebayashi Naoki Hasegawa the Keio Donner Project Team 《Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)》2021,60(16):2569
Objective To consider effective measures against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in medical institutions, this study estimated the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Tokyo, Japan, and determined the specific findings for mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. Methods This study analyzed the results of serologic tests to detect immunoglobulin G antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and evaluated the demographic and clinical characteristics of the faculty and HCWs at a Tokyo medical institution in August 2020. The demographic and clinical characteristics of participants with antibody-positive results were compared to those of participants with antibody-negative results. Materials This study recruited 2,341 faculty and HCWs at a Tokyo medical institution, 21 of whom had a COVID-19 history. Results Of the 2,320 participants without a COVID-19 history, 20 (0.862%) had positive serologic test results. A fever and dysgeusia or dysosmia occurred with greater frequency among the participants with positive test results than in those with negative results [odds ratio (OR), 5.475; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.960-15.293 and OR, 24.158; 95% CI, 2.693-216.720, respectively]. No significant difference was observed in the positivity rate between HCWs providing medical care for COVID-19 patients using adequate protection and other HCWs (OR, 2.514; 95% CI, 0.959-6.588). Conclusion To reduce the risk of COVID-19 spread in medical institutions, faculty and HCWs should follow standard and necessary transmission-based precautions, and those with a fever and dysgeusia or dysosmia should excuse themselves from work as soon as possible. 相似文献
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Tanya Nadia Glatt Caroline Hilton Cynthia Nyoni Avril Swarts Ronel Swanevelder James Cowley Cordelia Mmenu Thandeka Moyo-Gwete Penny L. Moore Munzhedzi Kutama Jabulisile Jaza Itumeleng Phayane Tinus Brits Johan Koekemoer Ute Jentsch Derrick Nelson Karin van den Berg Marion Vermeulen 《Viruses》2021,13(10)
Background: COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) has been considered internationally as a treatment option for COVID-19. CCP refers to plasma collected from donors who have recovered from and made antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. To date, convalescent plasma has not been collected in South Africa. As other investigational therapies and vaccination were not widely accessible, there was an urgent need to implement a CCP manufacture programme to service South Africans. Methods: The South African National Blood Service and the Western Cape Blood Service implemented a CCP programme that included CCP collection, processing, testing and storage. CCP units were tested for SARS-CoV-2 Spike ELISA and neutralising antibodies and routine blood transfusion parameters. CCP units from previously pregnant females were tested for anti-HLA and anti-HNA antibodies. Results: A total of 987 CCP units were collected from 243 donors, with a median of three donations per donor. Half of the CCP units had neutralising antibody titres of >1:160. One CCP unit was positive on the TPHA serology. All CCP units tested for anti-HLA antibodies were positive. Conclusion: Within three months of the first COVID-19 diagnosis in South Africa, a fully operational CCP programme was set up across South Africa. The infrastructure and skills implemented will likely benefit South Africans in this and future pandemics. 相似文献
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Yoh Yamaguchi Masao Hashimoto Susumu Saito Tie Morita Akinari Tsukada Yusaku Kusaba Takashi Katsuno Manabu Suzuki Jin Takasaki Shinyu Izumi Akihiro Matsunaga Yukihito Ishizaka Masayuki Hojo Haruhito Sugiyama 《Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)》2022,61(6):913
A 33-year-old woman with a fever, cough, and pharyngitis was admitted after left-sided pleural effusion was detected. The fever and upper respiratory symptoms were confirmed, and she was diagnosed with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) after showing a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. After thoracentesis, pleural fluid revealed elevated adenosine deaminase values and a positive QuantiFeron test; tuberculous pleurisy was thus suspected. Subsequent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR and anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG tests were negative, suggesting that the initial PCR result had been erroneous. However, we were unable to confirm this. Data concerning COVID-19 diagnostics are insufficient at present. It is important to make comprehensive judgments regarding the diagnosis and treatment of patients as well as public health. 相似文献