非急性心肌梗死ST段抬高的临床意义

心电图ST段抬高主要见于急性心肌梗死,但心电图ST段抬高还可以在其它情况出现。本综述的目的是描述其他心电图上类似心肌梗死的ST段抬高的各种情况,找出与之区分的线索。     

急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死NT-proBNP与急性非ST段抬高性心肌梗死NT-proBNP对比观察

目的探讨急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死NT-proBNP的水平与急性非ST段抬高性心肌梗死NTproBNP水平有无差异。方法对201例即符合＂急性心肌梗死诊断标准＂又距离发病时间小于12小时的病人,入院后立即采静脉血3毫升,使用广州万孚生物技术股份有限公司生产的＂飞测＂免疫荧光检测仪检测NT-proBNP;根据心电图分为急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死组与急性非ST段抬高性心肌梗死组,将两组的NT-proBNP进行对比观察,进行统计学分析。结果急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死组NT-proBNP的水平明显高于急性非ST段抬高性心肌梗死组NT-proBNP水平,两组对比有显著差异,P〈0.01。结论 NT-proBNP的水平与急性心肌梗死时冠状动脉是否完全闭塞,导致心肌细胞坏死的多少有密切关系。     

急性心肌梗死ST段抬高形态的临床意义

心电图ＳＴ段抬高是急性心肌梗死的最早期表现之一 ,其规律性演变过程是诊断急性心肌梗死的重要标准。急性心肌梗死时多种形态的ＳＴ段抬高早有记载 ,但对各种形态抬高的临床意义国内外鲜有报道。本文论述急性心肌梗死时各种形态ＳＴ段抬高及其临床意义 ,着重讨论墓碑形ＳＴ段抬高的特性及其对急性心肌梗死的预后意义。一、ＳＴ段抬高的类型急性心肌梗死时 ,ＳＴ段抬高可呈不同形态 ,在评价其临床意义时应注意抬高幅度、形态 ,并结合Ｔ波改变情况综合分析。１．凹面形抬高 (图１)急性心肌梗死时 ,ＳＴ段呈凹面向上抬高 ,可持续数ｈ至～数周 …     

急性心肌梗死ST段抬高形态变异分析

心电图 (ECG)ST抬高是诊断急性心肌梗死 (AMI)的早期重要依据之一。但由于ST抬高变异较多 ,使临床上分析ECG时易出现错误的诊断。现将临床鉴别较困难的ST段显著抬高 4例报道如下。1　病例介绍例 1.患者 ,男性 ,5 4岁。因频发心绞痛 1周 ,于 2 0 0 0年 6月 2 0日来院就医 ,体验BP170 / 12 0mmHg ,脉膊 90次 /分 ,心界略向左扩大。于当日 11:2 1首次ECG检查示窦性心律QRSV1 ～V2 呈rS型 ,V4 -V6 呈Rs型 ,RV5=2 .8mv ,STⅠ、Ⅱ、V4 -V6 下移 0 .10～ 0 .15mV ,V1 -V3抬高 0 .1～0 .3mV ,UV4 V6 倒置 ,ECG诊断 :1.左心室肥…     

非急性心肌梗死情况下ST段抬高39例分析

目的分析非急性心肌梗死（NAMI）者心电图ST段抬高的不同特点,提高鉴别诊断能力。方法对39例ST段抬高的NAMI者心电图进行分析。结果 NAMI引起ST段抬高的病因、机制各不相同。结论除急性心肌梗死外,诸多疾病均可引起ST段抬高,须仔细鉴别。     

非ST段抬高急性无Q波型心肌梗死1例

患者男,59岁。晨起右侧心前区持续性疼痛90min,行心电图检查示：大致正常。心前区疼痛持续存在,8h又行心电图检查：大致正常,无动态演变,心肌酶学检查：CK 424u／L、CK-MB 52u／L、AST 66u／L。12h,疼痛仍无缓解,入院。查体：BP 140／80mmHg,呼吸平稳,双肺呼吸音清晰,无罗音,心界不大,心率72次／min,律齐,无杂音。辅助检查：CT未见肺栓塞征象。超声检查：未见夹层动脉瘤。心电图检查：大致正常(图1)。     

两种不同形态ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死临床特征

急性心肌梗死患者的胸前导联可出现两种不同形态的ＳＴ段抬高 ,即凹面向上和凸面向上 ,我们探讨其临床意义。一、资料与方法选择本院收治的急性初发前壁心肌梗死患者 40例 ,年龄 (6 3± 7)岁 ,男 31例 ,女 9例 ,于发病 3～ 10ｈ入院 ,平均(6 0± 1 6 )ｈ。入院心电图无束支传导阻滞、预激综合征的表现。按入院时心电图Ｖ3 导联ＳＴ段升高的形态 ,将患者分为两组 :凹面向上组 (Ａ组 ) 2 2例 ;凸面向上组 (Ｂ组 ) 18例。观察指标 :(1)血清肌酸激酶 (ＣＫ)、肌酸激酶同工酶 (ＣＫ ＭＢ)、乳酸脱氢酶 (ＬＤＨ)、天冬氨酸转氨酶 (ＡＳＴ)峰值 ;(…     

aVR导联ST段抬高在预测非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者预后中的价值

目的探讨aVR导联ST段抬高在预测首次非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者短期预后中的价值。方法分析426例非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者入院心电图。结果aVR导联无ST段抬高(n=281)、抬高0.05~0.1mV(n=68)和抬高≥0.1mV(n=77)患者的住院死亡率分别是1.8%、7.4%和15.6%。调整基线预测因子和入院时ST段压低的影响,aVR导联ST段抬高0.05~0.1mV和抬高≥0.1mV患者死亡的优势比分别是4.2(95%可信区间为1.4~13.5;P<0.001)和6.1(95%可信区间为2.4~17.3;P<0.001)。住院期间复发心肌缺血事件和心力衰竭发生率随aVR导联ST段抬高程度增加而增加,而不同程度aVR导联ST段抬高患者血清肌酸激酶和肌酸激酶同工酶相似。aVR导联无ST段抬高、抬高0.05~0.1mV和抬高≥0.1mV患者左主干或3支血管病变发生率分别为16.9%、37.1%和56.2%(P<0.001)。结论首次非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死伴aVR导联ST段抬高患者预后较差,而这种差的预后与严重的冠状动脉病变有关,对这些患者进行早期介入治疗也许有重要的益处。     

急性心肌梗死ST段抬高形态分析与探讨

心电图ST段抬高是急性心肌梗死(AMI)最早期表现之一,其规律性演变是AMI的重要标准。本文对96例AMI患者心电图进行分析以探讨AMI急性期ST段形态、振幅与AMI部位及预后的关系。     

31例非急性心肌梗死心电图ST段抬高的临床分析

目的探讨非急性心肌梗死者心电图ST段抬高的因素,减少误诊。方法对31例非急性心肌梗死的心电图ST段进行分析。结果非急性心肌梗死引起ST段抬高的病因、机制各不相同。结论除急性心肌梗死外,引起心电图ST段抬高的诸多因素,临床应仔细鉴别。     

Unusual Evolution of ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction

We report a case of acute ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction with an unusual evolution of ST‐segment elevation. Several possible explanations of this progression are discussed with supportive evidence for each explaination. The clinical, electrocardiographic, and angiographic features of this case are also illustrated.     

中西医结合治疗急性非ST段抬高心肌梗死病人17例疗效观察

目的观察心冠通Ⅰ号加低分子肝素和阿司匹林在急性非ST段抬高心肌梗死中的临床疗效和安全性.方法使用心冠通Ⅰ号加低分子肝素和阿司匹林治疗急性非ST段抬高心肌梗死病人17例,并与常规治疗急性非ST段抬高心肌梗死病人24例进行对照,观察临床症状、静息心电图的改善程度、不良反应发生率.结果治疗组心绞痛缓解和心电图改善有效率分别为82.35%和76.47%,不良反应出现率为29.41%;对照组心绞痛缓解和心电图改善有效率分别为79.17%和75.00%,不良反应出现率为62.50%.结论 心冠通Ⅰ号加低分子肝素和阿司匹林治疗急性非ST段抬高心肌梗死病人疗效好,不良反应少,安全可靠.     

PR Depression Is Useful in the Differential Diagnosis of Myopericarditis and ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Background: Deviation of the PR segment is a common but often ignored ECG finding in acute myopericarditis, but seems to be rare in the acute phase of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Since rapid bedside differential diagnosis of acute myopericarditis and STEMI is essential, we decided to assess the diagnostic power of PR depressions in patients presenting with ST elevations in the emergency room. Methods: Thirty‐four consecutive patients with acute myopericarditis and 46 STEMI patients presenting with ST elevations fulfilling the criteria for STEMI were included. The first ECG recorded in the emergency room was analyzed with a focus on the PR segment. The diagnoses of myopericarditis and STEMI were ascertained with clinical follow‐up together with rise in troponin levels, and in the STEMI patients also with coronary angiography. Results: In myopericarditis, the most common location for PR depression was lead II (55.9%), while this ECG finding least likely appeared in lead aVL (2.9%). PR depression in any lead had a high sensitivity (88.2%), but fairly low specificity (78.3%) for myopericarditis. The combination of PR depressions in both precordial and limb leads had the most favorable predictive power to differentiate myopericarditis from STEMI (positive 96.7% and negative power 90%). Conclusions: Our present observations show that PR segment analysis is a powerful tool in the differential diagnosis of myopericarditis and STEMI. This simple information should be added to the diagnostic workup of patients presenting with ST elevations.     

急性心肌梗塞早期墓碑形ST段抬高的临床意义

目的探讨墓碑形ＳＴ段升高在急性心梗早期中表现的意义。方法通过５８例伴高血压或不伴高血压的急性心梗病人的出现墓碑状ＳＴ段抬高，并与６０例无出现此种ＳＴ段变化的急性心梗病人作症状和预后的比较分析。结果出现墓碑形抬高的高血压急性心梗患者的ＰＴＦＶ１阳性、ＱＲＳ低电压、对应性ＳＴ段下移、ＱＴｃ间期延长、梗塞部位多在前壁或复合前壁、泵衰竭、恶性心律失常、心梗扩展、１周内死亡率及合并脑出血均较其他各组增高。结论墓碑形ＳＴ段抬高是高血压患者发生急性心梗时出现的一种表示严重心肌损伤和预后险恶的一种独立指征。     

国内外急性心肌梗死注册登记研究进展

近20年来,关于急性心肌梗死的基础研究及临床诊治方面已取得重要进展,而急性心肌梗死的注册登记研究在推动该领域进展中起了重要的作用,尤其是注册登记反映了真实世界急性心肌梗死患者从发病、诊断、救治及预后等,通过各国急性心肌梗死注册数据的分析结果大大优化了急性心肌梗死的防治策略,从而降低急性心肌梗死病死率.现对国内外急性心肌梗死的注册登记研究进行简要综述,以了解目前国内外急性心肌梗死注册登记研究的状况及这些研究给临床带来的启示和重要价值.     

Failure of Serial Electrocardiograms to Exclude a Large Anterior Myocardial Infarction and the Role of Transesophageal Echocardiogram in Acute Myocardial Infarction

When patients present with acute onset of chest pain suggestive of myocardial ischemia, immediate clinical decisions regarding thrombolysis, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, or both are usually based on the history and abnormal electrocardiograms and confirmed by the presence of abnormally elevated cardiac enzymes. However, there are potential limitations of the electrocardiograms and initial cardiac enzymes in the diagnosis and confirmation of acute myocardial infarction. We describe the case of a patient who presented with an acute onset of chest pain and had a normal electrocardiogram and initial cardiac enzymes yet was found by transesophageal echocardiography to have a large myocardial infarction.     

ST Variability during the First 4 Hours of Acute Myocardial Infarction Predicts 1‐Year Mortality

Background: Early and complete myocardial reperfusion is the goal when treating a patient with acute myocardial infarction. To achieve this in each individual, an on‐line, accurate, easily handled and preferably noninvasive technique to monitor flow alterations is needed. Recurrent ST‐segment elevation has been shown to reflect cyclic disturbances in perfusion. Methods: We have retrospectively analyzed ST variability in 102 patients with acute myocardial infarction randomized to 100 mg of rt‐Pa or placebo. Patients were monitored for 24 hours using vectorcardiography. Results: Patients alive at one year (86%) had significantly less ST variability during the first four hours: 4.3 versus 7.1 episodes, P = 0.007. Patients having six or more ST episodes showed a 31.3% one‐year mortality as compared to no mortality in patients having no ST variability. Furthermore ST variability was reduced by fibrinolysis. Conclusion: Early ST variability detectable in real time is associated with worse outcome. A.N.E. 2001; 6(3):198–202