Studies of the Genotoxicity of Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA)

The following experiments were conducted to evaluate the genotoxic effects of GMA (glycidyl methacrylale) on mammalian and human cells.(1) Using the absorption spectrum shift method in vitro, we observed that the maximums of calf thymus DNA and GMA were shifted toward longer wavelengths (a change of more than 15nm) and the absorbance decreased after incubation at room temperature for 15min or more.The result indicates that binding of DNA and GMA had occurred.The binding force is strong, not affected by the addition of concentrated sodium chloride solution, and only slightly decreased by the addition of 8 M urea solution.Therefore the bond between DNA and GMA might be covalent.(2) In cell cultures, unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in human and/or rat lymphocyte was induced and DNA semiconserva-tive replication was inhibited by GMA at concentrations of less than 5.2 mM.(3) Sperm abnormality tests and assays of UDS in germ cells of male mice were conducted to study the in vivo genotoxicity of GMA.The results revealed that GMA could damage DNA, increase sperm abnormality frequency, and reduce the number of sperm cells, 1990 Academic Press.Inc.     

On the Subsequent Revision of Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China: Volume Ⅰ (2010 Edition)-Based on the Regulation of Crude Drugs Standard in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (16th Edition)

介绍了《日本药局方》第十六改正版中生药标准的概况,对相关标准特点与《中华人民共和国药典》2010版一部的有关规定进行了比较分析,为《中华人民共和国药典》的后续修订工作提供参考.     

Clinicopathological Study of Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Orbit (Report of 12 Cases)

This paper is a clinicopathological anal-ysis of 12 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma of theorbit admitted in the hospital from 1955 to1982. Of the 12 cases seven were male andfive female, their ages ranging from 1(1/2) to 24     

Management of spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus (Boerhaave’s syndrome): Single centre experience of 18 cases

Background  

Spontaneous oesophageal rupture (Boerhaave’s syndrome) is rare, and carries a high attendant risk of mortality.     

Study of the external counterpulsation (ECP) therapy for senile dementia of the Alzheimer''s type (SDAT).

Ten patients with SDAT received the ECP therapy.The examination of Hasegawa's Dementia Scale(HDS),single photor emission computed tomography (SPECT) brain imaging,and some biochemical parameters in blood and CSF were selected to evaluate the effect of ECP for SDAT.     

What Are the Factors Determining Authorship and the Order of the Authors' Names?: A Study Among Authors of the Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde (Dutch Journal of Medicine)

Context.— Although criteria justifying authorship of scientific medical articles have been formulated, it is not well known how authorship is established in practice. Objectives.— To assess the criteria for authorship used by authors of original articles in Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde (NTVG, the Dutch Journal of Medicine), and to determine whether the criteria for authorship of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) are known and applied. Design.— Survey questionnaire. Setting.— Editorial office of the NTVG. Participants.— All 450 authors of 115 original articles published in 1995. Main Outcome Measures.— Author's contribution to study design, material, collection of data, statistics, and writing. Results.— Of 362 forms returned, 352 could be analyzed (78.2% response rate). The 5 questions most frequently answered affirmatively were ICMJE criteria: critical reading (86.1% of the authors), approval of the final version (84.7%), study design (74.7%), study conception (64.2%), and revision (63.4%). Authors rated their contribution 2 points higher than did their coauthors. Interestingly, 64% of the respondents met the ICMJE criteria, although 60% of the respondents did not know them. Conclusion.— Authorship was mostly in accordance with ICMJE criteria although many authors were not familiar with them.      

HSP_(60), HSP_(70) in the Pathogenesis of Kawasaki Disease:Implication and Action

ThepathogenesisofKawasakidisease(KD)hasnotbeenfullyclarified.Itsclinicalmanifestationsandepidemicfeaturessuggestthatitmaybeassociatedwithinfectionbutsuchhypothesishasnotbeensupportedbylaboratoryorexperimentalevidences.Atpresent,thediagnosisofthediseaseismainlybasedonsymptomsandphysicalsigns.Theaimofthestudyistoexploretheroleofheatshockprotein--60(HSP,,),HSP,,inthepathogenesisofKD.1MATERIALSANDMETHODS1'1ExperimentalGroups1.1.1KDGroupKDgroupconsistedof14cases,amongthem12weremalesa…     

The Distribution of the 5-hydroxytryptamin(5-HT) Immunoreactive Cells in the Pancreas of Guinea-pig

Immunocytochemical localization of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) containing cells of the guinea-pig pancreas was studied by means of PAP-glucose oxidase-DAB-nickel (PAP-GDN) and PAPstaining methods on paraffin sections. In this study we demonstrated the presence of 5-HTimmunoreactive cells in the endocrine (islets) and exocrine pancreas of the guinea-ping. Cells exhib-iting 54-HT immunoreactivity were found in the center and the periphery of the pancreatic islets. The5-HT immunoreactive granules were evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm, but was faint inthe nuclei. Cells of this type were also distributed in the exocrine pancreas. Grouped or single or single cellsoccurred intercalatedly between acinar cells, as well as in the epithlium of ducts and in the connectivetissues near the ducts or acini.     

Overviews of the current researches on Herba Ephedra( Ⅰ )

麻黄是常用中药,不但有较高的药用价值,更是维持荒漠生态平衡的重要物种.近年来,针对麻黄的研究主要集中在其药用和生态方面.故对麻黄的本草文献、植物学、生态学、栽培等方面的研究进行综述,为进一步研究开发麻黄提供参考.     

Primary tumors of the heart: the great masqueraders

To the Editor： The recent case report of primary cardiac hemangioendothelioma prompted me to write this letter-to-the-editor for 5 reasons.     

Effectiveness of the analogue of natural Schisandrin C (HpPro) in treatment of liver diseases: an experience in Indonesian patients.

ＥｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｎｅｓｏｆｔｈｅａｎａｌｏｇｕｅｏｆｎａｔｕｒａｌＳｃｈｉｓａｎｄｒｉｎＣ（ＨｐＰｒｏ）ｉｎｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｌｉｖｅｒｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ：ａｎｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｉｎＩｎｄｏｎｅｓｉａｎｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓＮｕｒｕｌＡｋｂａｒ，Ｒｉｎ...     

Regulation of treatment of infants at the edge of viability in Italy: the role of the medical profession?

In the last few years there has been intense debate in Italy on administration of life-prolonging treatment to premature babies at the edge of viability. In 2006, a group of experts based in Florence drafted recommendations known as Carta di Firenze (CdF) for responsible use of intensive care for premature infants between 22 and 25 weeks of gestational age (GA). The CdF was later endorsed by several medicoprofessional associations, but was followed by recommendations by the Ministry of Health mandating resuscitation for all premature babies regardless of GA and parental consent. Recent statements from medicoprofessional bodies seem to show that the 'always resuscitate rule' is not supported by many Italian doctors. We argue that ethically sensitive issues in medicine should be regulated with, and not against, the medical profession and its representative bodies.     

Structural Properties of the Lipid A Component of the Lipopolysaccharide(Endotoxin)Isolated from Bacteriodes fragilis NCTC 9343

Various chemical and gas-liquid chromatographic analyses indicate that the lipid A,backbone of the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)isolated from B.fragilis NCTC 9343 is chemically con-stitutεd by a β1,6-interlinked D-glucosamine disaccharide.It is phosphorylated at its 1-positionby a glvcosidic-linkage while the ester-linked phosphate at 4'—position present generally in otherlipid A is depleted.The lipid A is lower fatty acylated in the amount of 5.2 fatty acids/lipid Amolecule(of which 0.73 forms 3-acyloxyacyl groups).The LPS containing such an incompletelipid A component has been shown endowina with a weaker endotoxicitv.     

Fuzheng Huayu Capsule (扶正化瘀胶囊) in the treatment of liver fibrosis: Clinical evidence and mechanism of action

Liver fibrosis represents the wound healing response to liver injury from a wide variety of etiologies.Remarkable progresses have been shown in the field of liver fibrosis in a range of areas in the past years.In particular,the reversibility of liver fibrosis has been well documented in both patients and animal models.Great progresses have been made in the treatment of liver fibrosis with Chinese medicine.This review summarizes the effects of Fuzheng Huayu Capsule(扶正化瘀胶囊,FZHYC) in treating liver fibrosis and inflammation induced by chronic hepatitis B in clinical trials and the mechanism of action of FZHYC in reversing liver fibrosis in vivo and in vitro experiments.     

A randomized, controlled, double-blinded and double-dummy trial of the effect of Tongjiang Granule (通降颗粒) on the nonerosive reflux disease of and Gan (肝)-Wei (胃) incoordination syndrome

Objective  

To assess the effectiveness of Tongjiang Granule (TJG, 通降颗粒) on the patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) of Gan (肝)-Wei (胃) incoordination syndrome, its impact on their quality of life, and its safety.     

Clinical Study on the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis of Shen(肾)-Sui(髓) Insufficiency Syndrome Type by Electroacupuncture

<正>Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture(EA)on treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA)of Shen(肾)-Sui(髓)insufficiency(SSI)syndrome type.Methods:A total of 245 patients(279 knees)of KOA-SSI were randomly assigned to two groups by lottery:141 knees in the treatment group and 138 knees in the control group.The treatment group was managed with EA at the dominant points of Neixiyan(Ex-LE4) and Waixiyan(Ex-LE5)as well as the conjugate points of Xuanzhong(GB39)and Taixi(KI3)for 30 min,once a day,with 15 days as one course;2 courses were applied with a 5-day interval in between.The control group was treated with intra-articular injection of 2 mL hyaluronic acid into the affected joint every 7 days for 5 times in total.The clinical effects on the patients in different stages were observed,and their symptom scores of knee and contents of cytokines,including interleukin-1(IL-1),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), prostaglandin E_(2α)(PGE_(2α)and matrix metalloproteinases-3(MMP-3),in the knee joint fluid were measured before and after treatment.Results:The study was completed in 235 patients(263 knees);four patients(7 knees) in the treatment group and six patients(9 knees)in the control group dropped out.Comparison of therapeutic effects(excellent and effective rates)between the two groups showed insignificant differences(P0.05). Symptom scores of knee and contents of cytokines in the knee fluid after treatment were lowered significantly in the patients of stageⅠ-Ⅲin both groups(P0.05 or P0.01).However,the lowering of the total symptom score of knee in the patients of stageⅢin the treatment group was more significant(P0.05).Conclusions:EA could effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms in KOA patients of stage 1,showing an effect superior to that of hyaluronic acid.EA also shows action in suppressing the secretion of IL-1,IL-6,TNF-α,PGE_(2α)and MMP-3 in the knee fluid.