准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗远视

目的　评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术 (LASIK)治疗的效果和安全性。方法　对 16例 ( 3 0眼 )远视行LASIK。术前远视度数为 3 5 0～ 12 .5D ,平均 ( 7 0 9± 2 .62 )D。术后随访观察 12月。结果　术中无严重并发症 ,术后 3月屈光度基本稳定 ,术后 12月残余屈光度在 1 0 0D和 2 0 0D以内的分别占 40 0 0 % ( 12眼 )和 63 3 3 % ( 19眼 ) ,裸眼近视力≥ 0 .5者 3 0眼 ( 10 0 0 0 % ) ,≥ 1 0者 2 4眼 ( 80 0 0 % ) ,裸眼远视力≥ 0 .5者 2 6眼 ( 86 67% ) ,≥ 1.0者 9眼 ( 3 0 0 0 % ) ,1眼 ( 3 3 3 % )最佳矫正视力下降一行 ,5眼 ( 16 67% )有眩光。结论　LASIK治疗远视安全有效。治疗软件进一步完善及治疗参数进一步的调整将有助于提高手术的可预测性和稳定性     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗远视眼

目的 :评价LASIK治疗远视眼的有效性、可预测性和安全性。方法 :用LASIK治疗 54只远视眼 ,屈光度 1 0 0～ 6 0 0D ,术后平均随访一年。对裸眼和矫正视力、屈光稳定性和并发症等进行了分析。结果 :至术后一年时 ,平均残余屈光度为 0 2 9± 0 78D ,屈光度在± 0 5D和± 1 0D以内者分别占 61 1 % ( 33只眼 )和 83 3% ( 45只眼 )。裸眼视力达到 0 5以上者占 92 6% ( 50只眼 ) ,1 0以上者 63 0 % ( 34只眼 )。 1只眼 ( 1 9% )最佳矫正视力下降 2行 ,2只眼 ( 3 7% )增加 2行。 2只眼 ( 3 7% )有眩光。结论 :LASIK可用于治疗 1 0 0～ 6 0 0D的远视眼且具有较好的预测性和安全性。对手术技术和激光治疗程序的不断改进将有助于进一步提高手术的可预测性和稳定性     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗远视的疗效观察

目的　探讨用准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术 (LASIK)治疗远视的安全性、有效性和稳定性。方法　应用美国CHIRON公司的Keracor117C型准分子激光机远视程序治疗远视及合并散光的患者 47例 (90眼 ) ,术中用Hansatome板层角膜刀做直径 9 5mm ,厚度 13 0～ 160 μm角膜瓣。术后观察视力及屈光度改变 ,所有患者随访 1年以上。 结果　患者术前裸眼视力 0 1～ 1 0 ,平均 0 3 0± 0 19,矫正视力 0 15～ 1 2 ,平均 0 74± 0 2 4,屈光度 + 0 75～ + 8 75DS ,其中伴有散光者 46眼 ,散光度 + 0 75～ + 3 0 0DC。阅读时间均低于 2 0min。术后 1年裸眼视力≥ 0 5者 74眼 (82 2 % ) ,≥0 8者 61眼 (67 8% ) ,≥ 1 0者 47眼 (52 2 % ) ,术后裸眼视力较术前矫正视力提高一行以上者 14眼 (15 5% )。术后屈光度在 -1 50～ + 1 2 5D ,平均 + 0 2 3D± 0 89D ,术后所有患者感觉阅读舒适 ,阅读时间超过 1h ;结论　LASIK治疗远视是一种安全有效且稳定性好的方法     

Two-year follow-up of laser in situ keratomileusis for hyperopia

PURPOSE: To evaluate excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia and its predictability. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 100 eyes that had LASIK for hyperopia to assess predictability and long-term stability of refractive results. The Chiron Automated Corneal Shaper was used to create the flap and the Keracor 117CT Chiron-Technolas excimer laser with the plano-scan program was used to ablate all corneas. RESULTS: Mean baseline spherical equivalent manifest refraction was +4.50 +/- 1.73 D (range, +1.25 to +8.50 D). Six months after LASIK, mean manifest spherical equivalent refraction was +0.72 +/- 1.87 D (range, -1.75 to +2.50 D), at 1 year, +0.88 +/- 1.73 D (range, -1.25 to +2.50 D), and at 2 years, +0.85 +/- 1.74 D (range, -0.50 to +2.75 D). Two years after LASIK, 45 eyes (74%) were within +/-1.00 D of intended correction and within +/-1.00 D of emmetropia. Uncorrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 50 eyes (82%) at 2 years; 29 eyes (37%) saw 20/20 or better. Undercorrection occurred more frequently in eyes with preoperative keratometric power of more than 45.00 D, when ablation zones less than 6 mm were used and when higher amounts of hyperopic correction were required. CONCLUSION: LASIK with the Keracor 117CT excimer laser appears to be an effective and safe procedure to correct hyperopia. Preoperative keratometric power, amount of hyperopia, and ablation zone diameter affect the efficacy and long-term stability of the procedure.     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗远视的临床观察

目的:观察和评价用准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laserin situ keratomileusis,LASIK)治疗远视的安全性、有效性和稳定性。方法:应用德国鹰视蓝调酷眼准分子激光治疗仪机远视治疗程序治疗远视及合并散光的患者18例33眼。术后观察视力、屈光度及阅读舒适性改变,所有患者均随访6~12mo。结果:至术后3mo时,平均残余屈光度为+0.22±0.79D,91%的患者屈光度在±1.0D以内,97%患者裸眼视力达到0.5以上。术后所有患者感觉阅读舒适,阅读时间超过1h无头痛、眼胀等不适。结论:LASIK手术治疗远视是一种安全有效且稳定性好的方法。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗重度近视临床观察

目的研究准分子激光角膜磨镶术（ＬＡＳＩＫ）治疗重度近视的效果。方法对２６８眼（１４５例）－１２．００～－２９．００Ｄ的重度近视患者进行ＬＡＳＩＫ手术治疗并随访１２个月。结果术后１２个月视力≥术前矫正视力者占９４．８％，术后屈光度在±２．００Ｄ以内占９５．５％，术后１２个月与术后６个月的平均屈光度相比较，经统计学处理无显著差异。结论ＬＡＳＩＫ是治疗重度近视的有效方法，且稳定性和预测性好     

Laser in situ keratomileusis for hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism with the Nidek EC-5000 Excimer laser.

PURPOSE: We evaluated the efficacy, predictability, stability, and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed for 92 eyes of 62 consecutive patients to evaluate uncorrected (UCVA) and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) and manifest refraction before and 3 and 6 months after LASIK (Moria LSK-ONE microkeratome, Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser). Eyes were divided into groups: Group 1 (low hyperopia) for spherical correction of +1.00 to +3.00 D (22 eyes), Group 2 (low hyperopic astigmatism) for toric correction with spherical equivalent refraction of +1.00 to +3.00 D (18 eyes), Group 3 (moderate hyperopia) for spherical correction of +3.25 to +6.00 D (10 eyes), and Group 4 (moderate hyperopic astigmatism) for toric correction with spherical equivalent refraction between +3.25 and +6.00 D (18 eyes). RESULTS: At 3 and 6 months after LASIK, 68 eyes (73.9%) were available for follow-up examination. Percentage of eyes with a spherical equivalent refraction within +/-0.50 D of emmetropia for Group 1 was 54.5% (12 eyes); Group 2, 50% (9 eyes); Group 3, 40% (4 eyes), and Group 4, 38.8% (7 eyes). UCVA > or =20/20 in Group 1 was 14% and in Groups 2, 3, and 4, 0%. One eye (5.5%) lost two lines of BSCVA. CONCLUSION: LASIK with the Moria LSK-ONE microkeratome and the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser reduced low and moderate hyperopia and was within +/-0.50 D of target outcome in approximately 50% of eyes. Undercorrection was evident in all groups. The procedure was safe.     

激光角膜原位磨镶术治疗散光的临床研究

目的 :研究准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术 (LASIK)在治疗近视性散光中的作用。方法 :采用LASIK术以线形扫描切削方式治疗 5 80例 (90 6眼 )近视性散光患者 ,散光度数 - 1.0 0～ - 6 .0 0DC(近视度数在 - 6 .0 0DS以内 )。低度散光组 :- 1.0 0～ 1.5 0DC(312眼 ) ,中度散光组 :- 1.75～ 2 .5 0DC(34 0眼 ) ,高度散光组 :- 2 .75～- 6 .0 0D(2 5 4眼 )。随访时间一年。结果 :术后平均散光度从术前的 - 2 .15± 0 .8DC下降为 - 0 .31± 0 .5DC(范围 - 1.15～ - 2 .5 0DC)。低度散光组 :术后一年时平均残余散光度为 - 0 .2 0± 0 .5 0DC ,散光度在± 0 .5 0DC以内者为 94%。中度散光组 :平均残余散光度为 - 0 .40± 0 .6 0DC ,散光度在± 0 .5 0DC和± 1.0 0DC以内者分别为 84%和 90 %。高度散光组 :平均残余散光度为 - 0 .87± 1.0 6DC ,散光度在± 0 .5 0DC和± 1.0 0DC以内者分别为 45 %和 78%。结论 :使用线性扫描切削模式的LASIK术可有效地矫治近视性散光 ,尤其散光度在 - 1.0 0～ - 2 .5 0DC时 ,完全矫治率在 89%以上。对手术技巧、扫描方式和程序的不断改进可进一步提高手术的预测性和准确性     

准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术治疗近视

目的 评价准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术（ＬＡＳＩＫ）在治疗近视眼中的作用。方法 将６７８例（９２８只眼）近视眼患者（－２．００￣－２０．００Ｄ）分为３组：Ｉ组为－２．００￣－６．００Ｄ、Ⅱ组为－６．１０￣－１０．００Ｄ及Ⅲ组为－１０．１０￣－２０．００Ｄ,均采用ＬＡＳＩＫ进行治疗,术后平均随访１年（６￣１８个月）,并对其资料进行分析。结果 Ｉ组：术后１年时平均残余屈光度为－０．２４±０．５０Ｄ,屈光度     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗低中高度近视

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Femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis for consecutive hyperopia after radial keratotomy

PURPOSE: To assess the use of the femtosecond laser for laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in eyes with consecutive hyperopia after radial keratotomy (RK). SETTING: Private ambulatory surgical center, Valencia, Spain. METHODS: This prospective noncomparative interventional case series study included 13 eyes of 9 patients with secondary hyperopia after previous RK. The patients were operated on with the IntraLase femtosecond laser (IntraLase Corp.) and the Star S2 excimer laser (Visx, Inc.). Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest refraction, flap thickness, flap diameter, and complications were evaluated at 6 months. RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent (SE) decreased from 2.00 diopters (D)+/-0.40 (SD) to -0.41+/-0.61 D, with 8 eyes (61.5%) within+/-0.50 D of the targeted refraction. Twelve eyes (92.3%) had a UCVA of 20/40 or better, and 3 eyes (23.1%) lost 1 line of BSCVA. A mean change in SE of 0.10 D was observed at the 6-month follow-up. The mean flap thickness and diameter were 117+/-14 microm and 9.18+/-0.12 mm, respectively. Most complications were in eyes with more than 8 RK incisions than in eyes with 8 RK incisions. These complications were multiple intraoperative incision openings (100% versus 28.6%, respectively), interface inflammation (66.6% versus 0%, respectively), haze (83.3% versus 14.3%, respectively), and loss of BSCVA (50% versus 0%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The femtosecond laser provided large, thin corneal flaps for hyperopic LASIK. However, the procedure should be avoided in eyes with more than 8 RK incisions because of the increased risk for multiple intraoperative incision openings, interface inflammation, haze, and loss of BSCVA.     

Laser in situ keratomileusis for recurrent hyperopia following laser thermal keratoplasty

PURPOSE: Laser thermal keratoplasty (LTK) has its main indication in the correction of hyperopia. However, regression of refractive effect following LTK is a limitation. Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) may provide a good alternative to correct residual refractive errors. METHODS: Fifty hyperopic eyes with varying amounts of regression after LTK underwent LASIK. The Chiron Automated Corneal Shaper microkeratome was used to make a flap of 160 microm and laser ablation was performed with the Technolas 217 Planoscan excimer laser. Postoperative follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: Mean spherical equivalent refraction improved from +2.92+/-1.60 D to +0.36+/-1.48 D. Mean best spectacle-corrected visual acuity changed from 0.78+/-0.14 before LASIK to 0.76+/-0.16 D 6 months after LASIK. Mean uncorrected visual acuity changed from 0.37+/-0.16 to 0.66+/-0.24. Forty-two percent (21 eyes) were within +/-0.50 D of intended correction, 60% (30 eyes) were within +/-1.00 D, and 76% (38 eyes) were within +/-2.00 D. After LASIK, confluent haze between previous LTK spots was observed in most eyes, as LASIK ablation took place at the sites of the LTK spots. CONCLUSIONS: LASIK after LTK is a good alternative for hyperopic regression. Predictability and efficacy are less than with primary LASIK for hyperopia, but the procedure is equally safe.     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗高度近视

目的评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗高度近视的疗效。方法采用LASIK治疗高度近视186例308眼,按术前屈光度将患者分为2组。对1a随访结果进行统计分析。结果A组术前近视-6.0～-10.0D(等值球镜,下同)术后1a裸眼视力达到0.5和1.0者分别为95.76%和77.58%,剩余屈光度为-0.32D±0.46D。B组术前近视-10.25～-20.00D,术后1a裸眼视力达0.5和1.0者分别为62.24%和37.06%.剩余屈光度-0.92D±1.13D。结论LASIK治疗高度近视安全有效,并有较好的预测性和稳定性。     

Laser in situ keratomileusis for primary hyperopia

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy, predictability, stability, and safety of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (H-LASIK) over a 24-month period and analyze topographic changes after H-LASIK to assess topographic pseudokeratectasia (TPKE) following H-LASIK. SETTING: Eye Institute of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. METHODS: This prospective study included 139 eyes of 77 patients having H-LASIK for primary hyperopia. The mean follow-up was 15.6 months +/- 7.6 (SD) (range 6 to 48 months). One hundred twenty-two eyes (88%) were followed at 1 year and 36 eyes (26%) at 24 months. Topographic pseudokeratectasia was defined as 1 or more positive keratoconus screening findings in an eye with topographic central or inferior steepening detected by the Topography Modeling System but without corneal thinning or progressive change. RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent manifest refraction was +2.39 +/- 0.99 diopter (D) preoperatively and -0.05 +/- 0.61 D at the last visit. Ninety-one percent of eyes were within +/-1.00 D of emmetropia and 71% of the eyes were within +/-0.50 D. Uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better was present in 42%, 20/25 in 63%, and 20/40 or better in 93% of eyes. Loss of 2 lines of BSCVA occurred in 2 eyes (1.4%). In 1 eye, ischemic optic neuropathy occurred, and in another, choroidal neovascularization developed postoperatively. Topographic pseudokeratectasia was detected in 28% to 56% of eyes postoperatively. No significant difference between postoperative visual and refractive outcome, regression, or irregularity was found between the eyes with or without TPKE. CONCLUSION: Hyperopic LASIK appears to be an effective, predictable, and safe procedure to correct low to moderate primary hyperopia. Topographic pseudokeratectasia, which was observed after H-LASIK with a keratoconus-like topographic pattern in otherwise normal eyes, may represent a relatively static condition.     

Excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for hyperopia

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) has been extensively evaluated for the correction of myopia. This study was undertaken to assess the safety, efficacy, and reliability of PRK in the correction of hyperopia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: There were 28 eyes with refractions of +1 to +7.75 D treated for hyperopia with the Chiron Technolas 217-C excimer laser. Thorough visual assessments were made before treatment and at regular follow-up to 18 months. Complications and patient satisfaction were noted. RESULTS: At 18 months the mean subjective refraction was +0.46+/-1.00 D with 26 eyes (92.8%) within 1 D of emmetropia. Thirteen eyes (46.4%) achieved uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/20 or better and all patients had an UCVA of > or = 20/32 or better. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) remained unchanged in 26 eyes (92.8%) and improved in 2 eyes (7.2%). On the seventh day from treatment, 17 eyes (25%) had a loss of 2 or more lines of BCVA. At 15 days this was reduced to 8 eyes (14.3%) and at one month to 3 eyes (3.6%). There were no cases of loss of 2 or more lines of BCVA at 18 months of follow-up. All patients expressed a high degree of satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Photorefractive keratectomy safely and effectively reduced hyperopia in the patients studied. The technique was reliable and still offered good results at 18 months of follow-up.     

应用准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术矫治穿透性角膜移植术后高度屈光不正

目的 探讨应用准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)矫治穿透性角膜移植术（penetrating keratoplasty,PKP)后高度屈光不正的疗效。方法 应用LASIK技术治疗PKP术后高度屈光不正患者10例（10只眼）。结果 术后随访期间,全部角膜植片保持透明,无排斥反应发生;平均等效球镜值由术前的－11．85D降至术后的－3．38D,差异有显著性（P＜0．05）;平均散光度由6．75D降至2．70D,差异有显著性（P＜0．05）,矫正最大散光度为10．00D;平均裸眼视力由0．1提高至0．8,最佳者达1．5;平均最佳矫正视力由0．8提高至1．1。结论 LASIK技术是矫治PKP术后高度屈光不正安全、有效的方法;角膜屈光手术技术的不断发展和完善,可为解决PKP术后高度屈光不正问题带来希望。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术矫治隐性远视探讨

目的　探讨及评价激光角膜磨镶术 (laserinsitukeratomileusis ,LASIK)治疗隐性远视的有效性及安全性。方法　对12例 (2 4眼 )隐性远视应用美国VISXSTARS3 准分子激光仪进行LASIK手术。术后随访 3月。结果　术后 3月时 ,2 3眼(95 83 % )的裸眼近视力达到 0 5 以上 ,2 2眼 (91 67% )的术后裸眼远视力达到 0 5以上。远视力由术前平均裸眼视力 0 5 4±0 2 0升至 0 78± 0 2 7(P >0 0 5 ) ,近视力由术前平均裸眼视力 0 2 6± 0 11升至 0 82± 0 2 0 (P <0 0 1)。 3月时平均残余屈光度为 + 0 5 8± 1 2 5D ,2 1眼 (87 5 0 % )的屈光度在± 1 0D之内。结论　LASIK治疗隐性远视眼具有良好的安全性和预测性 ,近期疗效良好。术后近视力的改善优于远视力。