关于流动青少年性观念与性行为的定性调查

当前 ,艾滋病在世界范围内迅速传播 ,在我国也呈快速增长的趋势。造成艾滋病流行的危险因素很多 ,其中大量的流动人口是不可忽视的重要因素。这不仅是因为他们缺乏艾滋病预防知识 ,更重要的是有可能发生感染艾滋病的高危行为 ,即无保护性行为和有多个性伴侣。为了了解流动青少年的性观念和性行为 ,北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所在流动青少年预防艾滋病健康教育需求的研究中进行了性态度和性行为的调查 ,现报告和分析如下。对象与方法1 对象　 1 5～ 2 4岁在社区服务的外来打工青少年 ,在北京居留时间超过 3个月 ,完成访谈 85人。访谈对象的…     

青少年的性态度——婚前性行为上升

国内许多研究发现，大多数中学生对婚前性行为持反对的态度，自1990年以来，中学生赞同及认可婚前性行为的比例明显上升。     

福建省青少年婚前性行为与干预对策

目的:通过对福建省青少年婚前性行为进行调查,从而提出切实可行的干预对策,为青少年提供有针对性的保健服务。方法:于2007年3～9月以福建省各设区市的学校为研究现场,按地区、性别及青春期年龄分布进行随机整群抽样调查。结果:调查在校学生4 067人,其中男性1 931人占47.5%,女性2 136人占52.5%;年龄10～21岁。男性53.81%认为婚前性行为无所谓、9.58%赞成婚前性行为,女性33.52%认为无所谓、2.43%赞成婚前性行为。有婚前性行为的占5.2%,其中男性为6.8%、女性为3.2%。有过人工流产的青春期女性为17人(0.8%)。性知识主要来源于学校有关课程,为39.3%。结论:吸纳国外经验,结合本国社会与文化背景开展青春期保健门诊服务;利用青春期保健门诊对青少年进行性教育;为青少年提供适时、适量、适度的性知识是当务之急。     

家庭因素对青少年婚前性行为及危险性行为的影响

目的:探索家庭因素对未婚青少年首次性行为以及危险性行为的影响。方法:采用多阶段抽样方法抽取上海市15～24岁青少年进行匿名电子问卷调查。结果:调查的6023名未婚青少年中12.7%有过性行为(男16.8%、女8.7%),其中首次性行为发生在≤18岁、首次性行为未使用安全措施、有过商业性行为、与陌生人、与吸毒人员发生过性行为的比例分别为29.9%、55.2%、4.3%、12.2%和0.5%;多因素分析结果显示,出生年代越早、与父母同住、青春期早期家庭支持评分较高及父母反对婚前性行为的青少年发生婚前性行为的可能性和危险性行为评分均较低;家庭因素对性行为的影响存在性别差异,女性性行为的发生受家庭因素的影响比较大,而男性更多地受人口学特征的影响。结论:青少年婚前性行为的发生趋于年轻化。家庭因素可能影响青少年的婚前性行为及危险性行为的发生,并且这种影响作用存在性别差异。     

婚检人群婚前性行为、性观念及后果的调查

当今婚恋观在年青人中悄然地发生着变化 ,越来越多的年青人表现出性活跃 ,表现出对爱与性 ,家庭与责任的不同理解。绵阳市妇幼保健院对 62 6对青年男女进行了婚前性行为、性观念及后果进行了调查 ,其结果如下。绵阳市妇幼保健院采取婚前医学检查及问诊对绵阳市区 1 2 52名热恋中的男女青年进行婚前性行为现状调查 ,结果表明婚前已发生性关系 870人 ,占69 5% ,发生婚前性行为的主要原因依次为相爱 ,占58% ;一时冲动 ,占 2 3 5% ;生理需要占 1 8 5%。在已发生婚前性行为的 870人中又进行为期 3个月内的婚后婚烟状况随访调查 ,除 94人因地址不…     

大学生婚前性行为态度及与性行为关系

目的 了解广东省广州地区大学生婚前性行为态度,为制订性健康教育和行为干预措施提供参考依据.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法对广州市4所高校840名在校大学生进行匿名问卷调查.结果 男大学生对婚前性行为持赞同态度的比率明显高于女生(P<0.01);高年级大学生明显高于低年级(P<0.05),且赞同比率随着年级的升高而呈现逐渐升高趋势;在只要不怀孕就可以发生婚前性行为、性行为是对爱情的承诺方面,农村及城市大学生态度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);49.7%的学生认为只要双方相爱有感情就可以发生婚前性行为,51.6%认为婚前性行为是大学生的生理心理需求,55.3%认为大学生发生婚前性行为的目的是为了满足性欲;对婚前性行为持赞成态度的学生发生婚前性行为的比率明显高于非赞成者.结论 大学生对婚前性行为态度呈现多元化,婚前性行为客观存在,大学生性健康教育应根据性别、年级不同而有所侧重.     

性感觉寻求与青少年男男性行为人群危险性行为的关系

目的 研究25岁及以下青少年男男性行为人群(YMSM)性感觉寻求与其艾滋病相关危险性行为的关系。方法 于2013年5-11月通过互联网宣传、外展活动以及例行的艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务招募403名YMSM, 采用匿名问卷调查, 回收375份(93.05%)有效问卷。结果 YMSM中有37.9%首次同性性行为未使用安全套, 最近6个月有55.7%发生多性伴行为, 51.7%有“419”(一夜情)行为, 5.6%有群交行为。性感觉寻求与首次同性性行为未使用安全套、多性伴行为、“419”行为、群交行为呈正相关(偏相关系数分别为0.247、0.218、0.296、0.252)。分别以首次同性性行为未使用安全套、多性伴行为、“419”行为、群交行为作为因变量进行logistic回归分析, 结果显示性感觉寻求高者更有可能发生以上危险性行为。结论 青少年性感觉寻求水平对危险性行为有影响, 应加强基于人群性感觉寻求分析的艾滋病相关知识及行为教育, 强化艾滋病相关危险性行为的风险意识, 从而更有效开展YMSM艾滋病干预。     

直面青少年性行为

青少年性行为发生的原因 青少年性早熟及性发育提前 有资料显示．全国十九岁以下的青少年中，平均5～10％的男孩和3～8％的女孩有过性经历或者性体验。专家指出．女孩子八岁以前．男孩子九岁以前．出现第二性征发育，医学上才认定为性早熟。性早熟是不正常的，而性发育提前并非不正常的现象。青少年性发育提前与过多接触具有感官刺激的媒体，高蛋白．高脂肪的饮食结构，西化的生活习惯以及体内过早地分泌性激素有关。     

流出地校外青少年婚前性行为及其影响因素分析

目的 了解流出地15～24岁未婚校外青少年性行为特点及影响因素,为该人群开展相关健康教育提供参考.方法 整群随机抽取某县一所职业培训中心在调查期间前来学习、咨询、求职的所有15 ～24岁未婚校外青少年1800名进行间卷调查.结果 流出地校外青少年中发生婚前性行为的比例达18.0％;艾滋病知识平均得分为(9.19±4.28)分,知晓率仅为33.3％;性行为中安全套使用率较低;同伴环境较差的青少年各种危险行为发生的比例较高;多因素分析显示:避孕知识教育、艾滋病性病相关知识得分是性行为发生的保护因素,当前正在打工、朋友中有人发生过性行为、商业性行为、多性伴、吸毒以及和朋友经常一起去喝酒为危险因素.结论 大力加强初中学校和职业培训学校的艾滋病预防教育,营造良好的同伴环境,多部门配合,可能减少校外青少年性行为的发生.     

对青少年性行为的思考

青少年的性行为，在生殖健康领域，近年也算是个热门话题了。谈到这个，必然涉及到性教育的问题。现在上海普遍的性教育观点，应该说，还是支持婚前禁欲的。但我们必须问，这种理想有没有可能实现，有没有现实的意义？     

The Relationship Between Sexual Abuse and Sexual Risk Among High School Students: Findings from the 1997 Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey

Objective: To assess whether adolescents with a history of sexual abuse were more likely than those with no such history to engage in sexual risk behaviors. Methods: Data for this study were obtained through the 1997 Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a self-report questionnaire administered to a representative sample of 9th through 12th graders (N = 4014) to assess a variety of adolescent risk behaviors. Only sexually experienced adolescents (n = 1610; female = 779, male = 831) were included in the present study. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine the relationship of sexual abuse history to sexual risk behaviors. Adolescents were considered as having a history of sexual abuse if they reported ever having had sexual contact against their will. Results: Almost one- third of sexually experienced adolescent girls (30.2%) and one-tenth (9.3%) of adolescent boys reported a history of sexual abuse. After controlling for related demographics and risk behaviors, sexually abused female students were significantly more likely than those without such a history to have had earlier first coitus (OR = 2.2, 95%CI = 1.46–3.47), to have had three or more sex partners ever (OR = 2.5, 95%CI = 1.71–3.68), and to have been pregnant (OR = 1.9, 95%CI = 1.21–2.92). Sexually abused male students were significantly more likely than those without such a history to have ever had multiple partners (OR = 3.2, 95%CI = 1.56–6.57), to have had multiple sex partners in the past 3 months (OR = 2.9, 95%CI = 1.71–3.68), and to have engaged in sex resulting in pregnancy (OR = 3.4,95%CI = 1.53–7.34). Conclusion: Both adolescent girls and boys with a history of sexual abuse report greater sexual risk-taking than those without such a history. However, although sexual abuse is more prevalent among girls than boys, the impact of sexual abuse on sexual risk appears to be even greater for boys. Programs addressing both sexual abuse and sexual risk must be made available to all adolescents.     

Sexual attitudes and risk-taking behaviors of high school students in Turkey

BACKGROUND: The risk of sexually transmitted diseases is high but opportunities of sexual education for adolescents are limited in Turkey. The aim of this study was to evaluate sexual attitudes and behaviors and to determine the predictors of sexual initiation among adolescents. METHODS: A questionnaire designed by the researchers was administered to 861 senior year high school students in their classrooms. RESULTS: The rates of masturbation and sexual intercourse and the median partner numbers among males were higher than females. The rates of having negative feelings after the first sex among females were higher than males. The rates of having sexual intercourse and the mean age at first sexual intercourse among males were similar to developed countries. However, the use of a condom at first intercourse was low. Lower academic performance and grade repetition experience among males and cigarette smoking among both gender groups were related to having sexual intercourse. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first studies about sexual risk-taking behaviors among high school students in Turkey. Differences found between gender groups regarding attitudes and behaviors reflect the social structure in Turkey. These findings may be helpful in producing effective solutions for improving education and preventive health care.     

吉林市单亲家庭青少年性的知识、态度及行为现状研究

目的：了解吉林市单亲家庭青少年性教育现状。方法：在吉林市6所中学随机抽取单亲及双亲家庭青少年各200人作为研究对象,进行问卷调查。结果：被调查者己具备一定的青春期性知识,但相当部分学生对人体的生理知识尚不清楚,尤其是单亲家庭的孩子表现更为薄弱;与双亲家庭青少年比较,单亲家庭青少年从父母那里获得较少的性知识;对中学生恋爱、性教育及婚前性行为的看法,单亲学生均比双亲学生表现得开放;单亲学生中有过性行为的比例多于双亲学生,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：充分了解青少年的性知识、性态度和性行为,能对制定良好的干预措施提供帮助。青春期性教育是全社会均应关注的焦点,尤其要重点关注单亲家庭青少年。     

婚前体检对象的婚前性行为态度及其影响因素分析

目的了解未婚人群对婚前性行为的态度及其影响因素.方法对上海市参加婚前体检的2569名男性和2568名女性的结构式访谈问卷进行分析.结果男女态度均较开放,赞同比例分别为71.27%和60.69%.不同人口学特征、家庭背景和生活特征的对象,对婚前性行为的态度不同.以事业有成为主要生活目标的对象态度较为保守,而认为同辈人中有婚前性行为或自己已有性行为的对象态度较为开放.男性的态度与其父亲的态度一致,而女性的态度与其母亲的态度一致.母亲管教严的男性态度较为保守,而父亲管教严的女性对象态度较为保守.女性中恋爱次数较多的对象态度较为开放,而男性中不知道人工流产对健康有不良影响的对象赞同婚前性行为的可能性较大.结论要改变对象的婚前性行为态度需要各方面共同努力.应加强对青年人的理想教育.对在商业服务性行业工作的对象更应该加强教育和引导,其中父母有不可推卸的责任.     

青少年性知识、性态度和性行为现状研究

【目的】了解青少年性与生殖健康知识、态度和行为现状,为相关研究和干预提供依据。【方法】于2005年6~9月对武汉市桥口区、武昌区和青山区三所中学共2 987名初中学生进行知识、态度、行为(knowledge,attitude and practice,KAP)问卷调查。【结果】青少年已具备一定的青春期知识,但对生殖系统和功能缺乏系统的认识,一些概念模糊不清;男性的知识好于女性;初一学生的知识水平低于初二、初三学生。男性在对待青少年谈恋爱和性行为问题上的态度要比女性宽容。14.0%的调查对象谈过恋爱;随着年级升高,有过恋爱经历的比例逐渐增高。1.3%的调查对象有过性交经历;男生有过性交经历的比例(1.7%)高于女生(0.9%)。大多数青少年认为青春期性教育是必需的。【结论】充分了解青少年的性知识、性态度和性行为现状对设计良好的干预项目极有帮助。青春期性教育应是全社会关注的焦点之一。     

敏感问题的调查与统计处理技术(RRT)及其在未婚性行为与人工流产调查上的应用

本文介绍了敏感问题的调查与统计处理技术(RRT)的原理、实施步骤及计算方法,并用其中的“三个无关联问题模型”与“数量信息模型”在上海市两个区的妇幼保健所,对前来做婚前健康检查的妇女进行了婚前有无性经历及人工流产史的调查,并用常规询问法与妇产科医生结合妇科检查询问法的调查结果进行比较,对RRT在婚前性行为与人工流产问题上的应用效果进行了评价。此外本文还介绍了应用RRT的体会。     

Sexual activities and attitudes of adolescent Koreans

Data regarding the sexual behaviors of 849 Korean adolescents ( years) were collected. Behaviors reported for males vs. females were 36.5 vs. 27.0% for kissing, 27.2 vs. 14.8% for petting, and 22.9 vs. 9.8% for coitus. In addition to reporting a greater number of experiences, males reported a greater number of partners for all three behavior categories. Among those who participated in coitus, nearly one third of the males and two thirds of the females reported only one partner. Two thirds of the males considered their recent experiences with coitus to be satisfactory, whereas over half of the females gave a neutral response. About 37% of males and 55% of females reported that their most recent coital experience was less than a month ago. On average, the coitally active adolescents began sexual activity at about 18 years of age. Interpretations of these data must take into consideration the respondents' hesitancy in the Korean setting to admit to having sexual experiences. Because premarital sex for adolescents is considered very undesirable in the Korean social setting, the respondents' reporting bias might be in the direction of underreporting. Findings are discussed in the context of unplanned pregnancy and abortion. This investigation was supported by the Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, World Health Organization, Project No. 91207 BSDA.     

The Sexual Activity Questionnaire: A measure of women's sexual functioning

Sexual activity is an important dimension of quality of life. Therefore it is important to assess the impact that any treatment may have on sexual functioning so that patients can be warned of possible side effects and interventions offered to help ameliorate these. The Sexual Activity Questionnaire (SAQ) was developed to investigate the impact of long-term tamoxifen on the sexual functioning of women at high risk of developing breast cancer. It was also tested on a sample of women with no such risk. The majority of variance in sexual functioning can be explained by three factors: pleasure from sexual intercourse, discomfort during sexual intercourse and habit. We found that the frequency of sexual activity decreased steadily with age. Furthermore, pleasure dropped and discomfort increased in women aged over 55. We report psychometric data showing that the SAQ is a valid, reliable and acceptable measure for describing the sexual functioning of women in terms of activity, pleasure and discomfort. It is quick and easy to administer and has good face validity discriminating between the sexual functioning of pre- and post-menopausal women.The CRC provided financial support for this study. Dr. Amanda Rameriz was involved in the development of the SAQ.