绵毛酸模叶蓼中2个新的蔗糖桂皮酸酯类化合物

采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱和半制备高效液相等多种色谱分离技术,从绵毛酸模叶蓼的乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,分别为7个蔗糖桂皮酸酯类化合物,3个苯丙素类化合物和1个内酯类化合物.根据一维、二维核磁共振及高分辨质谱等波谱数据鉴定了该系列化合物的结构,分别鉴定为(1,3-O-di-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-f...     

New prenylated bi- and tricyclic phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum papuanum.

Five new prenylated tricyclic and three new bicyclic acylphloroglucinol derivatives have been isolated by bioactivity-guided fractionation of the petroleum ether extract of the dried aerial parts of Hypericum papuanum. The tricyclic compounds (1--5) were named papuaforins A--E. The bicyclic compounds were isolated together with their corresponding tautomers and were named hyperguinones A and B (6/6a,7/7a) and hyperpapuanone (8/8a), respectively. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments, as well as mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity toward KB nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and the antibacterial activity of the isolated compounds were determined.     

Arugosins G and H: prenylated polyketides from the marine-derived fungus Emericellanidulans var. acristata

The fungus Emericella nidulans var. acristata was isolated as an endophyte from a Mediterranean green alga. Cultivation of this fungus yielded two new compounds, arugosins G (1) and H (2), together with the known metabolites 3-9. Arugosins (1-4) are benzophenone derivatives, biosynthetically related to the xanthones 5, 6, and 9. The indole alkaloid 7 displayed antitumor activity in a panel of 36 human tumor cell lines, exhibiting a mean IC(50) value of 5.5 microg/mL in an in vitro survival and proliferation assay. Furthermore, compounds 3 and 4 showed moderate antitumor activity toward individual tumor cell lines. None of compounds 1-8 exhibited any immunostimulatory activity assessed as the capacity to induce cytokines in PBMCs from healthy donors.     

莱菔子中2个新的含硫衍生物

目的 研究莱菔子Raphani Semen的化学成分及其调脂活性。方法 采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS、半制备液相等色谱方法对莱菔子70%乙醇提取物分离纯化,综合应用波谱数据和理化性质鉴定化合物结构。通过3T3-L1前脂肪细胞的胰岛素抵抗模型评价化合物的体外调脂活性。结果 从莱菔子70%乙醇提取物中分离纯化得到了14个化合物,分别鉴定为降莱菔硫代酸乙酯（1）、莱菔酸甲酯（2）、芥子碱（3）、(E)-2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)acetonitrile(4)、2-(4-hydroxy-2-oxoindolin-3-yl)acetonitrile(5)、6-methoxyindole-3-carboxylic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester(6)、cappariloside A(7)、3’,6-二芥子酰基蔗糖（8）、吐叶醇（9）、3,4-二羟基苯甲醛（10）、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸（11）、5-羟甲基糠醛（12）、2-羟甲基-5-呋喃丙烯酸乙酯（13）和β-谷甾醇（14）。结论 化合物1和2为新化合物...     

Eremophilane-type sesquiterpene derivatives from Senecio aegyptius var. discoideus

Investigation of a CH(2)Cl(2) extract of the aerial parts of Senecio aegyptius var. discoideus afforded nine eremophilane compounds, of which six are new (1-6), namely, 1beta-hydroxy-8alphaH-eremophil-7(11),9-dien-8beta,12-olide (1), 1beta,8alpha-dihydroxyeremophil-7(11),9-dien-8beta,12-olide (2), 1beta-hydroxy-8alpha-methoxyeremophil-7(11),9-dien-8beta,12-olide (3), 1-oxo-8alpha-methoxy-10alphaH-eremophil-7(11)-en-8beta,12-lactam (4), 1beta,10beta-epoxy-8alpha-hydroxyeremophil-7(11)-en-8beta,12-olide (5), and 1beta,10beta-epoxy-8alpha-methoxyeremophil-7(11)-en-8beta,12-olide (6). The structures of 1-6 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and by comparison with literature data. The antibacterial activity of the isolated compounds was tested against Bacillus cereus and a Serratia sp.     

Prenylated benzophenone derivatives from Clusia havetiodes var. stenocarpa

Extracts of the fruit of Clusia havetiodes var. stenocarpa have yielded three new prenylated benzophenone derivatives, 28,29-epoxyplukenetione A (1), 33-hydroperoxyisoplukenetione C (2), and 15,16-dihydro-16-hydroperoxyplukenetione F (3), as well as four which have been previously described, plukenetiones C, F, and G and sampsonione G.     

Five new prenylated stilbenes from the root bark of Lonchocarpus chiricanus.

Besides the known compounds longistylines C (1), D (2), and 3,5-dimethoxystilbene (5), five new prenylated stilbenes, named chiricanines A--E (3, 4, 6--8), have been isolated from the root bark of Lonchocarpus chiricanus. Their structures were resolved on the basis of spectrometric methods including (1)H, (13)C, and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectrometry. Compound 3 was the only prenylated stilbene to demonstrate antifungal effects against Cladosporium cucumerinum. Four of the isolated compounds showed toxic properties against larvae of the yellow fever-transmitting mosquito Aedes aegypti. Compound 5 was found to be as potent as rotenone in larvicidal dilution tests.     

A new dimeric dihydrochalcone and a new prenylated flavone from the bud covers of Artocarpus altilis: potent inhibitors of cathepsin K

A MeOH/CH(2)Cl(2) extract of the bud covers of Artocarpus altilis collected in Micronesia showed activity in a cathepsin K inhibition assay. In addition to the three known flavonoids isolated from the bud covers of this species, two new compounds have been identified whose structures were determined on the basis of spectral data. These compounds include a dimeric dihydrochalcone, cycloaltilisin 6 (2), and a new prenylated flavone, cycloaltilisin 7 (3). Novel compounds 2 and 3 have IC(50) values of 98 and 840 nM, respectively, in cathepsin inhibition.     

Guttiferone I, a new prenylated benzophenone from Garcinia humilis as a liver X receptor ligand

Liver X receptors (LXR) have been implicated in cholesterol homeostasis. Agonists of LXR are expected to increase cholesterol efflux, lower LDL, and raise HDL levels. Screening of a natural product library of plant extracts using a LXR-SPA binding assay and bioassay-guided fractionation of the bark and stem extract of Garcinia humilis led to the discovery of a new polyisoprenylated benzophenone named guttiferone I (1). The IC(50) value for this compound in the LXRalpha-SPA binding assay was 3.4 muM. Details of the isolation, structure elucidation, and ligand binding activity of 1 are described.     

Two new xanthone derivatives from the algicolous marine fungus Wardomyces anomalus

A marine fungal isolate, identified as Wardomyces anomalus, was cultivated and found to produce two new xanthone derivatives, 2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methylxanthone (1) and 2,3,4,6,8-pentahydroxy-1-methylxanthone (2), in addition to the known xanthone derivative 3,6,8-trihydroxy-1-methylxanthone (3) and the known fungal metabolite 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furanocarboxylic acid (4). The structures of all compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic measurements (1D and 2D NMR, MS, UV, and IR). Compounds 1 and 4 showed significant antioxidant activities. The total extract and 1, 3, and 4 were shown to be inhibitors of p56(lck)tyrosine kinase.     

Two new chymotrypsin inhibitors isolated from the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-88

Micropeptins 88-N (1) and 88-Y (2), new 3-amino-6-hydroxy-2-piperidone (Ahp)-containing cyclic depsipeptides, were isolated from Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-88. The structures were elucidated by analyses of HRFABMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and chemical degradation. Micropeptins 88-N and 88-Y inhibited chymotrypsin. The inhibitory activities were closely related to the amino acid residue that was attached to the amino group of Ahp.     

Two new acetylenic derivatives and a new meroditerpenoid from a Taiwanese marine sponge Strongylophora durissima

Further chemical examination of the sponge Strongylophora durissima yielded two new acetylenic derivatives, durissimols A (1) and B (2), and a new meroditerpenoid, strongylophorine-12 (5), in addition to the known acetylenic compounds, reneirin-2 (3), 18-hydroxyreneirin-2, melyne-C (4), duryne, siphanochalynol, and 24-ethylcholesterol (7). Among them, durissimol B (2) and duryne showed potent cytotoxicity against human gastric tumor (NUGC) cells.     

Five new triterpene saponins from Pulsatilla patens var. multifida

Five new oleanane-type glycosides (1-5), along with two known triterpene saponins, were isolated from the roots of Pulsatilla patens var. multifida (Ranunculaceae). The structures of the new triterpene saponins were elucidated as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), hederagenin 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)][beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta -D-galactopyranoside (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bayogenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester (4), and 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)][beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta -D-galactopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester (5). Structure elucidation was accomplished by 1D and 2D NMR (HMQC, HMBC, and ROESY) methods, FABMS, and hydrolysis.     

华重楼中一个新的类胆甾烷皂苷

目的：从华重楼Paris polyphylla var.chinensis中分离活性成分皂苷类化合物。方法：药材用95％乙醇提取，提取物经D101大孔树脂柱，硅胶柱和ODS柱反复柱层析，得到化合物(1)。结果与结论：通过化学方法和波谱方法鉴定该化合物为一个新的类胆甾烷皂苷，命名为：Parispolyside E。该化合物结构为：3-氧-α-L-阿拉伯糖(1→4)[α-L-鼠李糖(1—2)]-β-D-葡萄糖-β-D—chacotriosyl-26-氧-β-D-葡萄糖苷，是在重楼属发现的第一个具有芳香环的类胆甾烷型的皂苷。     

Two new trichothecenes from Fusarium sporotrichioides.

Two new trichothecenes, 8-n-pentanoylneosolaniol and 8-n-hexanoylneosolaniol, were isolated from corn grits cultured with Fusarium sporotrichioides. The structures of these compounds were elucidated using gc-ms, nmr, X-ray crystallography, and other spectroscopic techniques. Seven known trichothecenes were also isolated, and the relative cytotoxicity of these nine trichothecenes in cultured baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells was determined.     

A new pregnane glycoside from Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca

During further bioactivity-guided fractionation, a new pregnane glycoside, hypoglaucin G (1), and a known compound, pregna-5, 16-dien-3beta-ol-20-one 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)- [alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)] -beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), were isolated from the EtOH extract of Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca rhizomes, which induced morphological deformation of Pyricularia oryzae mycelia with minimum morphological deformation concentration values of 135 microM and 236 microM, respectively. The structure of 1 was established as 16beta-(4'-methyl-5'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl- pentanoxyl)-pre gn-5-en-3 beta-ol-20-one 3-O-alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-D- glucopyranoside on the basis of chemical evidence and spectral analysis, especially by 2D NMR techniques.     

Zoapatle. XII. In vitro effect of kaurenoic acid isolated from Montanoa frutescens and two derivatives upon human spermatozoa

Zoapatle aqueous crude extract (ZACE) from Montanoa tomentosa has been used as an oral contraceptive in traditional Mexican medicine for centuries. Kaurenoic acid, as isolated from Montanoa frutescens, and the methyl esters of 15-hydroxy-dihydro-kaurenoic acid and 15-keto-dihydro-kaurenoic acid were tested in vitro on human sperm motility and viability. The estimated ED50 concentrations immobilization were 374, 126 and 58 micrograms/ml, respectively using 15 X 10(6) sperms/500 microliter. Kaurenoic acid and both of its derivatives displayed only weak to negligible capacity for killing human sperms.     

Citlalitrione, a new diterpene from Jatropha dioica var. sessiliflora

Solvent partitioning and column chromatography of MeOH root extracts of Jatropha dioica yielded four pure compounds, beta-sitosterol, jatropholone B, a previously unknown diterpene epoxytrione given the trivial name citlalitrione, and riolozatrione. Structures were determined using physical and spectral techniques and X-ray crystallography.