尿动力学检查在女性压力性尿失禁诊断中的作用

目的 探讨尿动力学检查在女性尿失禁患者鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析211例临床诊断为女性压力性尿失禁患者的自由尿流率测定、压力流率同步测定、漏尿点压测定(ALPP)结果.结果 在211例患者中,经尿动力学检查确诊为急迫性尿失禁2例,真性压力性尿失禁者160例,伴低顺应性膀胱者26例,ALPP阴性23例.169例真性压力性尿失禁患者的最大尿流率(Qmax)明显高于正常参考值、最大尿流率逼尿肌压则低于正常参考值(PdetQmax).GSUI组ALPP值16～142cm H2O,与Stamey分级成直线负相关(r=-0.588,P＜0.01)).结论 尿动力学检查在女性压力性尿失禁患者的膀胱功能、尿失禁分型及程度的评价中有重要作用.     

女性尿失禁患者尿动力学检查

目的:了解尿动力学检查在诊断女性尿失禁中的意义.方法:选取200例女性尿失禁患者为病例组和因上尿路疾病需要手术治疗而下尿路功能正常的20例女性患者为对照组.病例组依据临床和尿动力学检查结果分为急迫性尿失禁患者90例,真性压力性尿失禁患者70例,充溢性尿失禁患者40例.比较各组病例与对照组之间尿动力学参数的差异.结果:真性压力性尿失禁组的最大逼尿肌排尿压、最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力、最大尿道压和最大尿道闭合压显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);急迫性尿失禁组最大膀胱压测定容量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);充溢性尿失禁组最大尿流率、膀胱顺应性、最大逼尿肌排尿压和最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力显著低于对照组,残余尿量和排尿前最大逼尿肌压力显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:尿动力学检查能为女性尿失禁患者的诊断和治疗提供客观依据.     

TVT-O治疗女性压力性尿失禁的临床疗效评估

目的 评估经闭孔经阴道无张力尿道中段吊带术(TVT-O)治疗女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析32例TVT-O术治疗中-重度SUI的患者,术前术后均采用国际尿控协会ICS推荐的尿失禁生活质量问卷(I-QOL)进行生活质量评分测定及尿流动力学全套检查;术前术后腹压漏尿点测压(ALPP),最大尿道关闭压(MUCP)进行对比。根据主观症状疗效评价标准评价术后临床疗效。结果手术时间25~35 min,平均31 min,术中出血量均＜35 mL。术后拔除导尿管29例即获得满意控尿。2例出现排尿困难,经尿道扩张留置导尿1周后排尿通畅,1例术后仍存在压力性尿失禁。全组均获随访1~5年,均无尿失禁复发和相关并发症出现,其中1例尿失禁术后效果欠佳随访3年,尿失禁程度未加重。主观症状评估疗效显著,尿动力学检查提示ALPP、MUCP较术前均有显著的控尿满意。结论TVT-O术创伤小,并发症少,恢复快,疗效满意,是一种治疗女性SUI安全有效的方法。     

尿动力学检查在BPH术后尿失禁诊断中的应用价值研究

目的探讨尿动力学检查在前列腺增生症术后尿失禁诊断中的应用价值.方法对134例前列腺增生症术后尿失禁患者进行充盈性膀胱测压、压力流率同步测定、漏尿点压测定(LPP)和尿道压力图(UPP)测定,比较其结果.结果在134例患者中,经尿动力学检查确诊为急迫性尿失禁122例,真性压力性尿失禁者10例,混合型急迫性压力性尿失禁者2例.急迫性尿失禁组和真性压力性尿失禁组的MV、VFD、BC、PdetQmax、MUP、CA存在显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论尿动力学检查可以对BPH术后尿失禁患者的膀胱功能、尿失禁类型、程度以及尿控能力作出准确的诊断,为临床治疗提供依据.     

女性真性压力性尿失禁尿动力学分析

目的探讨女性真性压力性尿失禁尿动力学特点,提高临床诊治水平。方法对30例女性真性压力性尿失禁患者行尿动力学检查,包括尿流率、充盈性膀胱压力、尿道压力、压力流率和腹压漏尿点压测定。结果患者充盈性膀胱压力测定的各项指标均为正常,但最大尿道压、最大尿道关闭压和功能性尿道长则均显著低于正常值（P〈0．01）。测定腹压漏尿点压,按照McGuire的方法分型：Ⅰ型10例,Ⅱ型12例,Ⅲ型8例。结论尿动力学检查对女性真性压力性尿失禁的正确诊断具有重要的临床意义。     

无张力阴道吊带术对尿动力学参数的影响

目的研究无张力性阴道吊带术对膀胱、尿道的尿动力学参数的影响.方法对26例接受无张力性阴道吊带术中的14例进行术前、后尿动力学检查,包括最大尿流率、充盈期/排尿期膀胱测压、压力-流率测定、尿道闭合压、尿道压力描记、最大膀胱容量、漏尿点压力测定.手术方式为TVT和SPARC两种,但作用机制相同.结果 Qmax、Pdet.Qmax、ALPP在术后有明显的变化.Qmax明显降低P<0.01, Pdet.Qmax和ALPP明显提高,P值分别为<0.05和<0.01. 所及其余参数无变化. 结论无张力性阴道吊带术对尿道有一定的影响,主要为增加尿道阻力,这也是本术式抗尿失禁的机制所在.     

电刺激盆底肌治疗女性真性压力性尿失禁效果及尿动力学变化

目的:观察电刺激盆底肌治疗女性真性压力性尿失禁(GSI)效果及尿动力学变化.方法:35例GSI女性患者,使用神经肌肉电刺激治疗仪行盆底肌电刺激治疗.每周3次,疗程12周.治疗前、后分别记录排尿日记,填写国际尿失禁咨询委员会问卷简表(ICI-Q-SF),并进行尿动力学测定.结果:18例(51%)白天尿失禁症状消失,12例(35%)明显改善,5例(14%)无改善.治疗后总排尿次数、总漏尿事件次数和ICI-Q-SF评分显著低于治疗前,功能性膀胱容量显著高于治疗前(P＜0.05);尿动力学检查显示治疗后valsalva漏尿点压、最大尿道压和最大尿道闭合压显著高于治疗前(P＜0.05).结论:神经肌肉电刺激治疗仪可用于治疗女性真性压力性尿失禁,尿动力学检查是评估其疗效的重要方法.     

92例女性尿失禁患者的尿动力学分析

目的了解尿动力学检查在诊断女性尿失禁中的意义。方法选取92例女性尿失禁患者,年龄39~52岁。依据临床和尿动力学检查结果分为真性压力性尿失禁（SI）患者（56例）、急迫性尿失禁（UI）患者（13例）、混合型急迫性/压力性尿失禁（MI）患者（23例）,比较各组患者尿动力学参数的差异。结果在腹压漏尿点压（ALPP）方面,MI和SI两组比较无显著差异（P〉0.05）,在最大膀胱容量（MCC）、膀胱顺应性（BC）、最大尿道压（Pmu）和最大尿道闭合压（Pmuc）方面,3组患者存在非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）,组间比较SI和MI组的MCC和BC明显高于UI组（P〈0.01）,Pmu和Pmuc明显低于UI组,而SI和MI两组间比较无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。在最大尿流率时逼尿肌压（PQmax）、最大尿流率（Qmax）和功能性尿道长度（FPL）方面,3组患者比较无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论尿动力学检查能为女性尿失禁患者的诊断和治疗提供客观依据。     

针对性护理对老年压力性尿失禁女性盆底功能锻炼恢复效果的影响

目的 探讨针对性护理对老年压力性尿失禁(SUI)女性盆底功能锻炼恢复效果的影响。 方法 通过对湖北医药学院附属东风医院2015年5月-2017年6月就诊治疗的96例老年SUI女性患者临床资料做回顾性分析,并根据护理方式的不同分为观察组、对照组(各48例)。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用针对性护理干预。比较2组患者干预前、干预后3个月的1 h尿垫实验、自我效能评分、腹压漏尿点压力(ALPP)、最大尿道闭合压及生活质量评分。 结果 干预后3个月2组患者1 h尿垫实验均较干预前下降,自我效能评分均较干预前升高(均P<0.05),且观察组1 h尿垫实验较对照组下降明显,自我效能评分较对照组上升明显(均P<0.05);干预后3个月2组患者ALPP、最大尿道闭合压均较干预前上升(均P<0.05),且观察组ALPP、最大尿道闭合压较对照组上升明显(均P<0.05);2组患者干预后3个月生理、心理、环境、社会关系各维度评分及生活质量总评分均比干预前高(均P<0.05),且观察组生理、心理、环境、社会关系各维度评分及生活质量总评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。 结论 采用针对性护理可有效促进老年SUI女性患者盆底功能恢复,增加功能锻炼依从性,改善其尿失禁症状及生活质量。      

膀胱尿道压力同步测定评估女性压力性尿失禁的临床分析

目的探讨膀胱尿道压力同步测定评估女性压力性尿失禁的应用价值。方法选取35例女性压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)患者,年龄(49.5±8.6)岁,同时选取34例排尿功能正常的女性患者(48.4±10.3)岁作为对照组。根据国际尿控协会规定的尿动力检查方法采用MMS尿动力检查仪对两组患者进行膀胱尿道压力同步测定。观察参数包括:充盈期尿道闭合压(filling urethral closure pressure,UCPfill)、Valsaval动作时尿道闭合压(urethral close pressure,UCP)、腹压传导率(pressure transmission ratio,PTR)、最大尿流率时的尿道闭合压(voiding urethral close pressure,UCPvoid)。结果两组患者充盈过程中未增加腹压时尿道闭合压为正值,且充盈期前和充盈期末UCPfill没有明显改变(P>0.05),但SUI组UCPfill明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。行Valsaval动作时,SUI组尿道闭合压降为负值且腹压传导率≤100%,而对照组尿道闭合压仍保持正值,腹压传导率大于100%,两组UCP和PTR差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。排尿期SUI组和对照组膀胱压升高,尿道压同步降低,最大尿道闭合压为负值,两组间UCPvoid无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论膀胱尿道压力同步测定是判断膀胱尿道协调功能的有效方法。SUI患者膀胱充盈期尿道闭合压低、增加腹压时尿道闭合压为负值和腹压传导率≤100%可以作为提示发生压力性尿失禁的客观依据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.