多囊卵巢综合征患者卵丘形态与未成熟卵母细胞发育潜能关系

目的 研究多囊卵巢综合征患者无刺激周期取出的不同形态未成熟卵母细胞的发育潜能。方法 43例PCOS不孕患者进行了47个未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟培养（IVM）周期。所有患者均未经促卵泡素刺激,予以HCG36h后取卵。根据取出的卵-冠-丘复合物形态将其分为3组：卵丘紧密组、卵丘松散组、无卵丘组。比较3组的体外成熟率、受精率和优质胚胎率。结果 47个IVM周期共收集未成熟卵母细胞874枚,体外成熟率61.19%,受精率71.07%,着床率13.13%。卵丘松散组的体外成熟率明显高于卵丘紧密组（72.26%vs49.54%,P〈0.05）,受精率、优质胚胎率三组间无差异。结论 PCOS患者无刺激周期取出的未成熟卵母细胞中,卵丘松散、扩张的卵母细胞具有更好的体外成熟潜力。     

In vitro maturation and fertilization of oocytes from unstimulated normal ovaries, polycystic ovaries, and women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate differences in immature oocyte maturation, fertilization, and pregnancy rates among women with unstimulated normal ovaries, polycystic ovaries (PCOs), or PCOS. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: University fertility clinic. PATIENT(S): One hundred forty-four women undergoing 180 in vitro oocyte maturation treatment cycles. INTERVENTION(S): Transvaginal immature oocyte recovery from unstimulated ovaries 36 hours after hCG priming. In vitro oocyte maturation and fertilization. Fresh embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Immature oocytes collected, metaphase II oocytes, and embryos produced. Implantation and pregnancy rates. RESULT(S): The overall oocyte maturation and fertilization rates attained were 80.3% (1,222 of 1,522) and 76.5% (935 of 1,222), respectively. Significantly fewer immature oocytes were retrieved from normal ovaries (5.1 +/- 3.7) compared with the PCO (10.0 +/- 5.1) or PCOS (11.3 +/- 9.0) groups. Fertilization and cleavage rates were comparable among the three groups. The implantation, pregnancy, and live birth rates per transfer for normal ovaries were 1.5%, 4.0%, and 2.0%, respectively; for PCOs 8.9%, 23.1%, 17.3%, respectively; and for women with PCOS 9.6%, 29.9%, and 14.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Immature oocytes retrieved from normal ovaries, PCOs, or women with PCOS, when using hCG priming before oocyte retrieval, have a similarly high maturation, fertilization, and cleavage potential. In vitro maturation is a useful treatment option, particularly for women with PCOs.     

无刺激周期未成熟卵母细胞体外培养用于多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者治疗的临床观察

目的探讨无刺激周期未成熟卵母细胞体外培养在治疗多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者的应用价值。方法对70例PCOS患者,在人工周期或自然周期第10～12天行阴道B超监测,如双侧卵巢中无直径>8mm的卵泡,即肌内注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素10000IU,36h后经阴道穿刺取卵,将取出的未成熟卵母细胞进行体外成熟及体外受精胚胎移植。结果共进行体外成熟周期94个,移植周期75个。共获得卵母细胞1283个,获得成熟838个(65.3%,838/1283),其中受精553个(66.0%,553/838),获得胚胎402个(48.0%,402/838),获得优质胚胎199个(23.7%,199/838)。生发泡期卵母细胞的成熟率、受精率、获得胚胎率及优质胚胎率,分别为67.7%、66.4%、47.6%及24.1%;第1次减数分裂中期的卵母细胞,分别为69.7%、71.7%、52.2%及26.1%,生发泡期与第1次减数分裂中期比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。无法评价的卵母细胞的成熟率、受精率、获得胚胎率及优质胚胎率,分别为44.8%、53.8%、46.2%及16.9%,与生发泡期及第1次减数分裂中期比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。75个移植周期中,18例获得临床妊娠,妊娠率为24%(18/75)。结论无刺激周期未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟及体外受精胚胎移植可用于PCOS不孕患者的治疗,并能取得一定的妊娠成功率。     

Oocyte and embryo quality in polycystic ovary syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To compare oocyte and embryo quality in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and in women with normal ovulation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty women with PCOS underwent a total of 67 In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) or Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) cycles. The control group consisted of women, of the same age, who underwent IVF (for tubal infertility) or ICSI (for male factor infertility) in the same period. RESULTS: The average number of oocytes recovered was higher in the PCOS group (12,1) than in the control group (9.6) as was the rate of immature oocytes (13.8% vs 5.8%; respectively). The fertilization rate was lower in PCOS patients (52% vs 61% in the controls). The cleavage rates, embryo morphology and pregnancy rates were similar in both groups. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Although more oocytes were recovered from PCOS patients, the number of good quality embryos, suitable for transfer or freezing was similar in the two groups as less of the oocytes were mature and the fertilization rate was lower in the PCOS group. IVF or ICSI (according to the indication) are therefore efficient in PCOS patients.     

体外加入hCG不能改善人卵子体外成熟及发育潜能

目的:研究体外培养过程中hCG对人未成熟卵子体外成熟和发育潜能的影响。方法:62例PCOS不孕患者进行了89个未成熟卵子体外成熟培养(IVM)周期,根据体外成熟培养液中有无hCG,将其分为A组(29个周期)采用常规IVM培养液培养;B组(30个周期)先在去除hCG的常规IVM培养液中培养10h,然后改在常规IVM培养液中培养;C组(30个周期)在去除hCG的常规IVM培养液中培养。所有卵子体外培养24-48h,成熟后卵子分批行单精子注射授精(ICSI),培养2-3d后进行胚胎移植。结果:A、B、C组32h、48h卵子体外成熟率分别为46.02%,69.25%;43.72%,64.51%;51.87%,67.51%;组间无显著差异。受精率、卵裂率、临床妊娠率及种植率各组间也均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:对于PCOS患者,有无hCG对卵子体外成熟、胚胎发育及临床结局均没有显著影响。     

骨髓间充质干细胞条件培养液促进小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟的研究

目的:研究骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSC)条件培养液对小鼠未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟、受精及胚胎发育的影响。方法:分离、培养小鼠MSC,获取MSC条件培养液(conditioned medium of MSC,CM)。收集小鼠生殖泡(germinal vesicle,GV)期卵母细胞,根据有无完整颗粒细胞层包裹颗粒细胞-卵母细胞复合物(cumulus-oocyte complex,COC)分为2类,分别在4种培养基(CM、DMEM、α-MEM、HTF)中培养不同时间,观察卵母细胞核成熟情况,荧光标记后激光共聚焦检测皮质颗粒(cortical granules,CG)分布和含量变化;体外受精后观察受精率和囊胚形成率。结果:2类COC卵母细胞的成熟率CM组明显高于DMEM组、α-MEM组、HTF组(P<0.01);体外受精率和囊胚形成率CM组明显高于DMEM组、HTF组(P<0.01),与α-MEM组和体内成熟组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CM组卵母细胞内CG分布和含量变化与核成熟同步。结论:CM能使小鼠卵母细胞核、质同步成熟,提高了成熟率和卵母细胞质量。     

Gonadotrophin regimens and oocyte quality in women with polycystic ovaries

The systemic endocrine environment during the later stages of follicle development has a crucial role in co-ordinating follicular and oocyte maturation before ovulation. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with abnormal circulating hormones, abnormal peri-follicular vascularity and significant abnormalities of granulosa cell function. After induction of ovulation, fertilization rates in vivo in women with PCOS are normal, but there is an increased risk of early pregnancy loss, particularly in obese patients. After in-vitro maturation of oocytes or following ovulation induction for IVF, oocyte and embryo quality in vitro are not obviously impaired in PCOS. In some reports however, specific endocrine abnormalities, such as hyperinsulinaemia/insulin resistance, have been noted to be associated with reduced fertilization rates and abnormal early embryonic development.     

Comparison of Quinn's Advantage fertilization medium and tissue culture medium 199 for in vitro maturation of oocytes

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to compare the Quinn's Advantage fertilization medium (Q1) and the tissue culture medium 199 (TCM199) for in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes and ammonium production during IVM.Materials and methodsThe immature murine oocytes were randomly added into Q1 and TCM199. Ammonium concentrations were measured at the start and after 18 hours of IVM, and the mature oocytes were fertilized and cultured into blastocysts. The blastocysts were then stained for inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm.ResultsThe maturation rate was higher in Q1 than in TCM199 (85.7% vs. 76.6%, p = 0.024). The fertilization and blastocyst rates were slightly higher in Q1, but not significant. Differential staining of the blastocysts showed slightly higher ICM ratio in the blastocysts derived from Q1. Mean ammonium concentrations in Q1 and TCM199 at Time 0 were 184.9 and 339.2 μg/dL, respectively (p = 0.05), and after 18 hours of IVM were 268.7 and 443.6 μg/dL, respectively (p = 0.045). Addition of ammonium chloride into Q1 adversely affects IVM.ConclusionQ1 is superior to TCM199 in terms of oocyte maturation, which may be due to lower ammonium concentration.     

Maturational and developmental competence of cumulus-free immature human oocytes derived from stimulated and intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles

The present experiments compared the maturational and developmental competence of immature oocytes derived from stimulated cycles, following culture in a newly designed in-vitro maturation medium (IVM-medium) or in standard tissue culture medium (TCM-199; control). The results indicated that maturation and fertilization rates were comparable when the cumulus-free M-I stage oocytes were matured in the IVM-medium (78.6%) or the control medium (70.8%). However, there was a significant difference in blastocyst development (P < 0.05) when M-I oocytes were matured in these two media (19.6 versus 7.7%). Both maturation and early embryonic development rates of GV-stage oocytes were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the IVM-medium (maturation: 75.7%; blastocyst: 12.9%) compared with control (maturation 55.7%; blastocyst: 0.0%). Moreover, embryos developed to the blastocyst stage at a higher rate in both media if GV-stage oocytes had matured within 24 h compared with 48 h of culture. These results demonstrate that immature human oocytes derived from stimulated ovaries can achieve maturation and early embryonic development in vitro, especially in the new IVM-medium, which may allow additional embryos to be produced for clinical use at embryo transfer.     

多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者辅助生殖治疗临床效果分析

目的 探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)不孕患者辅助生殖治疗的临床效果及方案选择.方法 回顾性分析2003年1月至2007年11月间,在山东大学附属省立医院生殖医学中心就诊的PCOS不孕患者的临床资料,根据治疗方案不同,分为药物治疗[分别用来曲唑(LE组,58个周期)或枸橼酸氯米芬(CC组,45个周期)]、体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)治疗、经阴道B超未成熟卵泡穿刺治疗、未成熟卵体外成熟(IVM)治疗等方案,分析其临床效果.结果 (1)药物治疗者中,LE组排卵率为66%(38/58),Cc组为47%(21/45);人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)注射日平均子宫内膜厚度,LE组为(0.89±0.13)cm,CC组为(0.78±0.08)cm;hCG注射日宫颈黏液评分,LE组为(11.9±1.8)分,CC组为(9.9±1.8)分;平均成熟卵泡数,LE组为(1.08±0.28)个,CC组为(1.73±0.59)个;hCG注射日平均雌二醇水平,LE组为(983±138)pmol/L,CC组为(1676±372)pmol/L,两组各项指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);LE组周期妊娠率为14%(8/58),CC组为13%(6/45),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(2)IVF-ET治疗者中,1584例PCOS不孕患者(PCOS组)促性腺激素(Gn)总用量[(980±1192)IU]低于对照组[(1194±1389)IU,同期因输卵管因素行IVF-ET治疗者1615例],但两组使用Gn平均天数[分别为(9.6±1.8)、(9.5±1.8)d]、hCG注射日平均雌二醇水平[分别为(15 752±6206)、(9675±4818)pmol/L]、平均获卵数[分别为(21±6)、(9±3)个]、平均受精数[分别为(15±6)、(7±3)个]、平均卵裂数[分别为(12.9±5.7)、(5.7±2.8)个]和重度卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)发生率(分别为4.86%、1.67%)比较,PCOS组均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).但两组临床妊娠率(分别为44.7%、45.0%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(3)109例经阴道B超未成熟卵泡穿刺治疗患者的睾酮和黄体生成素水平均较治疗前明显下降,卵巢基础窦卵泡计数随穿刺次数增加而减少.穿刺治疗后应用尿促性腺激素促排卵治疗时,OHSS发生率很低,穿刺治疗后妊娠率达50%以上.(4)IVM治疗的286例PCOS不孕患者,取卵周期304个,平均每周期取卵12.3个,有76例患者获得临床妊娠.结论 PCOS不孕患者治疗的选择方案较多,上述4种治疗方案均有效,应结合患者具体情况给予个体化处理.     

未经促排卵的未成熟卵母细胞行体外成熟治疗不孕症的临床研究

目的探讨未经任何药物刺激的未成熟卵母细胞行体外成熟（IVM）治疗不孕症的临床价值。方法40例不孕患者接受54个IVM周期,其中多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）不孕患者26例,经其他辅助生育技术失败14例。在未采用任何药物刺激的前提下,于月经周期的第9—12天,在超声引导下经阴道对两侧卵巢内直径≤10mm的卵泡进行穿刺取卵。对取出卵母细胞于体外培养24～48h,待第一极体出现后,进行卵母细胞质内单精于注射（ICSI）,18h后观察受精情况,继续培养24—48h,直至胚胎移植,移植前行激光辅助胚胎孵化。结果54个IVM周期中,有7个周期取消,取消率为13％;共移植周期47个,共获得未成熟卵母细胞857个,平均每周期18．2个。体外培养48h后,卵母细胞成熟率为73．7％（632／857）,正常受精率为75．3％（476／632）,卵裂率为91．2％（434／476）。移植日子宫内膜厚度平均为8．9mm,平均移植胚胎4．3个（2—6个）;1例生化妊娠,19例临床妊娠,每取卵周期的临床妊娠率为35％（19／54）,每移植周期的临床妊娠率为40％（19／47）。26例PCOS不孕患者共移植周期34个,1例生化妊娠,15例临床妊娠,每移植周期的临床妊娠率为44％（15／34）。结论未经促排卵药物刺激的卵母细胞行IVM用于治疗各种原因的不孕症,尤其是PCOS不孕患者,是一种有效的治疗方法。     

Retrospective comparison of two media for invitro maturation of oocytes

In-vitro maturation of oocytes (IVM) is a new IVF technology developed in order to avoid iatrogenic complications of standard IVF treatments. This technique is particularly useful in patients suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who are concerned with the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. This technique is nowadays routinely practised in many international centres. However, the efficiency of this technique needs to be improved for a better support of maturation conditions to maximize oocyte developmental competence. In order to improve IVM results, the efficiency of two IVM media was retrospectively compared. Ninety-three PCOS candidates undergoing their first IVM cycle were included in this study, and IVM was conducted with TCM-199 or IVM-Medicult medium. This is the first study comparing two maturation media. Both media resulted in the same results concerning total oocyte maturation, fertilization, early embryo development and pregnancy rates.     

Oocyte quality in patients with severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a self-controlled clinical study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the oocyte quality in patients with severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). DESIGN: Self-controlled clinical study. SETTING: University teaching hospital. PATIENT(S): Twenty-two patients from our assisted reproductive technology (ART) program who developed severe OHSS during their first controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) (OHSS cycles) during a period of 10 years and had a second ART attempt performed in our center in which OHSS did not develop (control cycles). INTERVENTION(S): IVF and ICSI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Oocyte yield and quality, fertilization rate, embryo yield and quality, implantation rate, and pregnancy rate. RESULT(S): The total number of oocytes retrieved and the mean number of metaphase II oocytes were significantly higher in patients with OHSS than in control cycles. Fertilization rates were similar in both groups of ART cycles, and thus the number of viable embryos were significantly higher in OHSS cycles. Implantation and pregnancy rates were similar in OHSS and control cycles. Oocyte and embryo yield and quality were similar in early and late OHSS. Oocyte yield and quality, embryological outcome, and implantation and pregnancy rates were similar in patients with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) both in cycles developing OHSS and control cycles. CONCLUSION(S): Oocyte quality is not compromised in severe OHSS cycles irrespective of whether patients had or did not have PCOS.     

成熟卵泡获卵率对体外受精结局的影响

目的比较在体外受精-胚胎移植/卵细胞浆内单精子注射（IVF-ET/ICSI）过程中,控制性超促排卵（COH）后成熟卵泡获卵率对IVF-ET/ICSI的实验室和临床结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2010年5月至2010年12月四川大学华西第二医院行IVF-ET/ICSI治疗的693例患者,共746个周期,根据获卵率将患者分为A组：获卵率≥80%;B组：获卵率50%～79%;C组：获卵率30%～49%;D组：获卵率〈30%。比较4组患者的临床和实验室结局。结果 A、B组卵子成熟率、受精率、卵裂率和可移植胚胎形成率等各项临床和实验室结局比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。随着获卵数的减少,获卵数最低的D组的卵子成熟率、受精率、卵裂率和可移植胚胎形成率与A组和B组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;同时,D组的临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率和累积妊娠率明显低于其他各组（P〈0.05）。C组受精率、卵裂率、可移植胚胎形成率和临床妊娠率也显著低于A组（P〈0.05）,C组卵裂率、临床妊娠率低于B组（P〈0.05）,但C组的累积妊娠率与A组和B组相似（P〉0.05）。结论获卵率减少可导致卵子成熟率、受精率、卵裂率和可移植胚胎形成率下降,直接导致临床妊娠率下降。     

South Asian women with polycystic ovary syndrome exhibit greater sensitivity to gonadotropin stimulation with reduced fertilization and ongoing pregnancy rates than their Caucasian counterparts

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous syndrome. In vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is required for PCOS cases that are refractory to standard ovulation induction or have co-existing infertility factors in women with PCOS and Tubal factor subfertility. OBJECTIVES: Assess ethnic variations in response to IVF/ICSI treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Observational Comparative study in a University hospital fertility clinic in women with PCOS and Tubal factor subfertility. Women with PCOS (Asians: AP=104; Caucasians: CP=220) and those with tubal factor infertility seeking fertility treatment were assessed (Asians: AC=84; Caucasians: CC=200). Six hundred and eight fresh IVF or ICSI cycles using long protocol of GnRHa suppression and resulting in a fresh embryo transfer were compared. The primary endpoint was to assess the dose of gonadotropins used in the cycles. The secondary outcomes were: total number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization and ongoing clinical pregnancy rates. RESULTS: We found that the South Asian women presented at a younger age for the management of sub-fertility. An extended stimulation phase and Caucasian ethnicity showed an inverse correlation with the number of oocytes retrieved in the PCOS subgroup. Caucasian ethnicity was associated with a higher fertilization rate however increase in body mass index (BMI) and the laboratory technique of IVF appeared to have a negative impact on fertilization rates in the PCOS subgroup. Commencing down regulation on day 1 of the cycles was negatively associated with fertilization rates in the tubal group. In terms of clinical pregnancy rates, the Caucasian PCOS had a 2.5 times (95% CI: 1.25-5) higher chance of an ongoing clinical pregnancy as compared with their Asian counterpart. Also, a unit increase in the basal FSH concentration reduced the odds of pregnancy by 18.6% (95% CI: 1.8-32.6%) in the PCOS group. CONCLUSIONS: The Asian PCOS have a greater sensitivity to gonadotropin stimulation with lower fertilization and ongoing clinical pregnancy rates as compared with their Caucasian counterparts.     

多囊卵巢患者行未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟、受精和胚胎发育观察

目的:探索在不用或小剂量使用促性腺激素条件下对多囊卵巢患者的未成熟卵母细胞体外培养至成熟、受精、卵裂和妊娠的可行性。方法:阴道B超引导下穿刺取卵后将卵子分别培养于3种不同培养基:基本培养基(f-HTF+75 mIU/mL rFSH+500 mIU/mL rhCG)+10%SPS(SPS组), 基本培养基+20% hFF(FF组)和基本培养基+20% hFF+2 ng/mL rEGF(FF+EGF组),共培养25-48 h,然后行体外受精和胚胎培养。结果:体外培养卵丘-卵母细胞复合体102个,成熟率65.69%,受精率83.58%,2PN率71.43%,卵裂率51.72%,优质胚胎率40.00%。FF组较SPS组有更高的成熟、受精、卵裂和优质胚胎率,再添加EGF后卵子的成熟、受精和优质胚胎率增加。刺激组和未刺激组在卵子成熟、受精、卵裂和优质胚胎率方面均无显著差异。PCO患者卵子的成熟、受精、卵裂和优质胚胎率均高于PCOS患者,ICSI组优质胚胎率增加,但均无统计学差异。随培养时间延长,卵子的成熟、受精、卵裂和优质胚胎率均升高,其中正常受精率和卵裂率有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:PCO和PCOS患者行IVM可行,二者无明显差异。培养液中添加激素、FF、EGF以及延长培养时间至48 h,可促进卵子成熟。但有关临床用药、培养条件仍有待改善,进一步提高卵子和胚胎质量以获得妊娠。     

人未成熟卵母细胞体外培养成熟、受精及胚胎移植

目的 应用卵母细胞体外成熟(IVM)技术帮助卵泡成熟障碍的不孕症患者获得妊娠及分娩。方法 接受未成熟卵IVM技术治疗者30例35个周期,其中多囊卵巢综合征14例,有卵巢过度刺激综合征病史6例,体外受精和胚胎移植(IVF-ET)周期中卵巢反应不良患者10例。设计卵巢刺激方案,采用含人成熟卵泡液的IVM培养液,建立未成熟卵母细胞的体外培养方法。结果 35个周期共取得未成熟卵母细胞203个,平均每个周期5．8个。培养后有156个卵母细胞排出第一极体,IVM率76．8％(156／203);在卵胞浆单精子显微注射(ICSI)12～18h后观察原核,正常受精率为76．9％(120／156);共有移植周期33个,获8例临床妊娠,妊娠率24％(8／33);有5例共7个婴儿出生。结论 IVM对一些卵泡发育和成熟障碍,特别是顽固性多囊卵巢综合征患者,是一种有效的辅助生育措施。人成熟卵泡液含有理想的自然促卵母细胞成熟的成分。     

多囊卵巢综合征妇女体外成熟卵母细胞胚胎慢速冷冻复苏移植结局分析

目的评价未成熟卵母细胞体外成熟（IVM）后形成的卵裂期胚胎经慢速冷冻一解冻后的发育能力。方法将2006年1月至2010年12月北京大学第三医院因多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）合并不孕症行卵裂期胚胎复苏移植的385例患者分为两组：复苏胚胎来源于体外成熟的卵母细胞组（IVM组,46例）和复苏胚胎来源于常规体内成熟的卵母细胞组（IVF组,339例）。采用慢冻速溶法解冻移植后比较两组患者的临床结局。结果IVM组复苏胚胎243枚,复苏后存活162枚,复苏率为66．67％;IVF组复苏胚胎1605枚,复苏后存活1082枚,复苏率为67．41％,两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。IVM组患者的临床妊娠率和着床率分别为19．30％（11／57）和10．61％（14／132）,明显低于IvF组临床妊娠率（45．45％,175／385）和着床率（26．14％,240／918;P均〈O．05）。结论体外成熟卵母细胞发育形成的卵裂期胚胎慢速冷冻后临床结局欠佳,可能与冻融前胚胎自身的发育潜力有关。     

The outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome failing to conceive after ovulation induction with exogenous gonadotropins.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in women with refractory polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Retrospective case series with an age-matched control group. SETTING: Ovulation induction and IVF programs in a tertiary referral center. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS: Nine patients with PCOS who failed standard ovulation induction treatment (clomiphene citrate plus greater than or equal to 6 ovulatory human menopausal gonadotropin [hMG] cycles) underwent 19 cycles of IVF-ET. Forty age-matched tubal factor patients who completed 40 cycles of IVF-ET served as a control group. OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic features and IVF-ET cycle characteristics were compared using Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Cycles of IVF-ET in patients with PCOS were associated with higher estradiol levels (5,222 versus 4,009 pmol/L), lower hMG requirements (15.8 versus 19.6 vials), greater numbers of oocytes (7.6 versus 5.6), and lower fertilization rates (56% versus 75%) compared with tubal factor cycles (P less than 0.05). However, the number of embryos transferred (3.9 versus 4.0) and the clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer (24% versus 25%) did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that conception failure after six or more ovulatory hMG cycles in patients with PCOS does not adversely affect subsequent IVF performance.     

PCOS患者卵泡液内IGF-Ⅰ的水平对卵母细胞成熟的影响

目的:探讨PCOS患者卵泡液内胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)的水平与卵母细胞发育成熟的关系。方法:选取因PCOS接受IVF治疗的患者41例为PCOS组、同期因输卵管因素接受治疗的患者37例为对照组。在取卵日根据卵泡直径进行分组,分为≤14mm组和>14mm组,每例患者留取不同直径3～4个卵泡的卵泡液。分别检测PCOS组和对照组患者卵泡液内IGF-Ⅰ的水平,并分析其与卵母细胞成熟和受精的关系。结果:PCOS组IGF-Ⅰ、雌二醇(E2)、睾酮(T)的水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),与卵泡直径不相关。在卵泡直径≤14mm组,PCOS患者卵母细胞成熟率和受精率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。在卵泡直径>14mm组,PCOS组与对照组间卵母细胞成熟率和受精率无差异性。PCOS组卵泡液内IGF-Ⅰ水平和E2、T呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS患者促排卵过程中卵泡液内IGF-Ⅰ水平的升高与卵泡直径无相关性,而卵泡液内高IGF-Ⅰ水平可影响PCOS患者小于14mm卵泡的卵母细胞成熟和受精。