腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在诊断冠心病中的应用

目的:探讨腺苷负荷心肌核素显像对冠心病的诊断价值。方法:94例拟诊冠心病患者均行冠状动脉造影,腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注显像、静息心肌显像检查,比较腺苷负荷心肌核素显像与冠状动脉造影结果。结果:冠状动脉造影检查阳性62例中,腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阳性50例。32例冠状动脉造影示无明显狭窄者中,腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阴性24例。腺苷负荷心肌核素显像诊断冠心病的敏感性和特异性分别为80.6%和75.0%。2,3支病变血管腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阳性率高于单支血管病变(P<0.05)。结论:腺苷负荷心肌核素显像诊断冠心病敏感性、特异性较高。     

冠脉造影与门控心肌断层显像结果差异分析

目的：对冠脉造影与门控心肌断层心肌显像检查结果不一致情况及影响因素进行分析。方法：对59例胸痛患者行冠脉造影及核素心肌灌注显像，并对结果不匹配者进行分析。结果：59例患者中，冠脉造影、核素心肌灌注显像结果不匹配者22例，其中男性16例，女性6例。门控心肌断层显像显示有心肌缺血而冠脉造影显示无明显冠状动脉病变患者有17例，门控心肌断层显像未见心肌缺血改变而冠脉造影显示有明显的冠状动脉狭窄的病人有5例。结论：对冠心病的诊断核素心肌灌注显像与冠脉造影的价值是互补的。     

核素心肌灌注显像诊断无症状性心肌缺血价值

目的探讨核素心肌灌注显像诊断无症状性心肌缺血的临床应用价值。方法动态心电图或其他心电检测技术检测无症状性心肌梗死患者22例,均行核素心肌灌注显像与冠状动脉造影检查,并以冠状动脉造影结果为金标准,计算核素心肌灌注显像结果预测值。结果 22例患者中8例核素心肌灌注显像表现为不可逆性心肌缺血,14例表现为混合性心肌缺血,共检测出40个节段病变心肌。冠状动脉造影检出阳性血管45支(血管狭窄程度≥50%),其中28支狭窄程度>90%,15支狭窄程度>70%~90%,2支狭窄程度≤70%。核素心肌灌注显像阳性结果预测值为88.9%(40/45)。结论核素心肌灌注显像有助于无症状性心肌缺血诊断,并可用于评价心肌损害严重程度。     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64排螺旋CT诊断冠心病对比分析

目的探讨腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64排螺旋CT比较对冠心病的诊断价值。方法以冠状动脉造影作为冠心病诊断的金标准,对患者同时进行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像,64排螺旋CT与冠状动脉造影检查。结果腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64排螺旋CT比较对冠心病的诊断差异无统计学意义。结论腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64排螺旋CT作为冠心病诊断的无创方法,结果可靠,应予推广。     

腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在诊断冠心病中的应用

目的:探讨腺苷负荷心肌核素显像对冠心痛的诊断价值.方法:94例拟诊冠心痛患者均行冠状动脉造影,腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI心肌灌注显像、静息心肌显像检查,比较腺苷负荷心肌核素显像与冠状动脉造影结果.结果:冠状动脉造影检查阳性62例中,腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阳性50例.32例冠状动脉造影示无明显狭窄者中,腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阴性24例.腺苷负荷心肌核素显像诊断冠心病的敏感性和特异性分别为80.6%和75.O%.2,3支病变血管腺苷负荷心肌核素显像阳性率高于单支血管病变(P<0.05).结论:腺苷负荷心肌核素显像诊断冠心痛敏感性、特异性较高.     

心肌灌注显像与心电图对冠心病诊断的比较研究

目的:探讨心肌灌注显像与运动心电图对冠心病的诊断价值。方法:对101例可疑冠心病患者以冠状动脉造影结果作为诊断标准,进行心肌灌注显像和运动心电图2种检查并比较结果。结果:心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度高于运动心电图,但特异性较低。结论:心肌灌注显像和运动心电图诊断冠心病有互补性。     

符合电路SPECT心肌灌注／代谢显像诊断冠心病的初步研究

目的 研究符合电路SPECT心肌灌注／代谢显像诊断冠心病的临床价值。方法 28例冠心病患者,男26例,女2例分别行心肌血流灌注和心肌代谢显像,全部28例均行冠状动脉造影,25例行心电图运动平板试验。结果 以冠脉造影为金标准,心肌灌注显像、心肌灌注／代谢显像和心电图运动平板试验诊断冠心病的准确率分别为82．14％,89．28％和72％（P＜0．05和P＜0．01）。结论 符合电路SPEFCT心肌灌注／代谢显像,在冠心病的诊断中具有一定的应用价值,且优于静息心肌血流灌注显像和心电图运动平板。     

国产腺苷的安全性评价及其负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的价值

目的：评价国产腺苷临床应用安全性及腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断价值。方法：对51例临床疑诊冠心病患者,分别静脉注射腺苷,注射3 min末,静脉注射核素显像剂99Tcm-MIBI 925 MBq,1～1.5 h行心肌灌注断层显像,分析患者在腺苷注入后的血流动力学改变、副作用发生情况。经半年以上随访排除或确诊冠心病,评价腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断价值。结果：腺苷输注后,86.3%（44/51）患者出现各种副作用,停药后均很快缓解。腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的敏感性90.9%,特异性71.4%,准确性88.2%,阳性预测值95.2%,阴性预测值55.6%。结论：国产腺苷可安全地应用于负荷心肌灌注显像。腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病敏感性较高,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

三磷酸腺苷介入心肌灌注断层显像对老人冠心病的诊断价值

目的 探讨三磷酸腺苷介入心肌灌注断层显像(ATP-MPI)诊断老年人冠心病(CAD)的价值和安全性.方法 49例无心肌梗死病史的老年冠心病待查患者(年龄≥60岁,平均年龄66.33岁)行ATP-MPI和冠状动脉造影(CAG).结果 ATP介入试验过程中,共有19种不良反应表现,但这些表现均在停止注射ATP后2分内自行终止,无一例病人因不良反应中断ATP介入试验.ATP-MPI诊断老年人冠心病的敏感性90.0%,特异性89.5%,准确性89.8%;诊断冠状动脉狭窄的敏感性84.1%,特异性90.1%.结论 ATP介入心肌灌注断层显像是诊断老年冠心病准确性和安全性均很高的无创检查方法.     

冠状动脉造影与99Tcm-MIBI心肌断层显像的对比分析

目的评价冠状动脉造影(CAG)与心肌灌注单光子发射计算机断层显像(SPECT)次极量99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)运动心肌核素显像两项检查对冠心病的诊断价值.方法选择60例冠状动脉造影检查的患者,并在同期内(间隔＜8周)接受SPECT检查,将CAG结果与SPECT结果进行对比分析.结果60例患者中冠心病35例,其它心脏病14例中,高血压病11例,心肌核素4例为阳性(占36.4%),3例肥厚型心肌病1例为阳性(占33.3%),11例无器质性心脏病中2例心肌核素阳性(占18.2%).在冠心病的诊断中,冠状动脉造影的敏感性为97.1%,运动心肌核素的敏感性为91. 4%,特异性为81.8%.结论冠状动脉造影和核素心肌显像均为诊断冠心病的有效手段.由于后者的无创性,易于重复,是临床随访的较好方法.     

Adenosine stress first pass perfusion for the detection of coronary artery disease in patients with aortic stenosis: a feasibility study

Purpose: Detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using adenosine stress first pass perfusion in patients with aortic stenosis in comparison with invasive angiography. Twenty-three consecutive patients (15 male, mean age 68 ± 12 years) with relevant aortic stenosis (aortic valve area 0.90 ± 0.41 cm2) were examined by MRI (1.5 T, Philips Intera CV™). Contrast-enhanced first pass perfusion was performed with adenosine stress (140 μg/kg/min) and under rest conditions. The results were compared with invasive coronary angiography with regard to the presence of a relevant coronary artery stenosis (>70%). Three of 23 patients (13%) had contraindications for adenosine administration (one patient with atrioventricular block, two patients with mild claustrophobia). In the remaining 20 patients, adenosine stress perfusion could be performed without any complications. CAD was correctly detected in eight patients and correctly ruled out in 10 of 12 patients. False-positive results were seen in two patients with severe myocardial hypertrophy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 100%, 80%, 83%, and 100%, respectively. Adenosine stress perfusion can be performed without complications even in patients with high grade aortic stenosis. MRI is helpful to detect and rule out significant CAD in these patients. Severe myocardial hypertrophy may lead to false-positive results. Our initial results indicate that due to a high negative predictive value pre-operative invasive coronary angiography might probably be waived in patients without perfusion defects in stress MRI.     

Noninvasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes by dobutamine stress real-time myocardial contrast perfusion imaging

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of real-time myocardial contrast perfusion imaging (MCPI) during dobutamine stress in the diagnosis and localization of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with diabetes. Myocardial contrast echocardiography is a new technique that allows evaluation of myocardial perfusion. Its utility in diabetic patients has not been defined. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Dobutamine-atropine stress test was performed in conjunction with MCPI using Optison or Definity at rest and at peak stress in 128 patients with diabetes and suspected CAD who underwent coronary angiography within 1 month. CAD was defined as > or =50% stenosis in one or more coronary artery. MCPI was considered diagnostic of CAD in the presence of reversible perfusion abnormalities. The normalcy rate of MCPI was additionally determined in 18 asymptomatic nondiabetic patients with low probability. RESULTS: CAD was detected in 101 (79%) patients by angiography. Reversible perfusion abnormalities were detected in 90 patients with and 13 patients without CAD. The overall sensitivity of MCPI was 89% (95% CI 83-95), specificity 52% (33-71), and accuracy 81% (75-88). Reversible abnormalities were detected in two or more vascular distributions in 44 of 56 patients with multivessel CAD and in 8 of 63 patients without (sensitivity 68%, specificity 87%, positive predictive value 84%, and accuracy 79%). Regional sensitivity was 75% (65-85) for left anterior descending CAD, 71% (60-83) for left circumflex, and 67% (55-78) for right CAD. MCPI was normal in 16 of the 18 patients with low clinical probability of CAD (normalcy rate 89%). CONCLUSIONS: MCPI is a useful noninvasive technique for the diagnosis and localization of CAD in diabetic patients. The extent of perfusion abnormalities can identify patients with multivessel CAD with a moderate sensitivity and high specificity.     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断价值

【目的】评价腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断价值及腺苷负荷试验的安全性。【方法】收集2011年2月至2013年2月在本院疑诊冠心病患者75例,均行腺苷负荷^99m Tc-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）心肌灌注断层显像,腺苷按体重0．14 mg/（kg ·min）通过输液泵静脉双通路给药,并对心肌灌注断层显像图作定性分析,所有患者1～3 d后行冠状动脉造影检查。【结果】75例患者中冠脉造影正常32例;1支以上狭窄≥50％者43例,其中单支病变14例,双支病变16例,三支病变13例;共检出病变血管85支,累及左前降支（L AD ）38支,左回旋支（LCX）28支,右冠状动脉（RCA）21支,左主干（LM）2支。腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度为88．3％（38/43）,特异性为87．5％（28/32）,准确性为88．0％（66/75）,阳性预测值为90．5％（38/42）,阴性预测值为84．8％（28/33）。对病变冠脉诊断灵敏度为75．9％（63/83）,特异性93．7％（133/142）,准确性87．1％（196/225）,阳性预测值为94．0％（63/67）,阴性预测值为84．2％（133/158）。对单支、双支、3支血管病变诊断的灵敏度分别为50％（7/14）、62．5％（10/16）和92．3％（12/13）。对各病变血管检测灵敏度为：LAD 86．1％（31/36）,LCX 55．6％（15/27）,RC A 85％（17/20）。腺苷不良反应总发生率为80％（60/75）。【结论】腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病敏感性及特异性均较高,并且不良反应轻微,是协助诊断冠心病安全有效的方法。     

腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在冠心病诊断与介入治疗中的作用

目的探讨腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在冠心病诊断及介入治疗中的作用。方法冠心病的可疑患者,行腺苷负荷心肌核素显像,部分患者进行冠脉造影和介入治疗,介入治疗前后进行腺苷负荷心肌核素显像检查对比。腺苷负荷心肌核素显像采用单光子发射断层显像图像采集系统,腺苷总量为840μg/kg静脉泵入,3 min后静脉推注99mTc-MBI925 MBq,90 min后进行心肌断层显像,如果发现心肌显像异常,次日再行静息心肌显像。结果134例冠心病患者,年龄21~85(63.3±14.8)岁,男90例,女44例,进行腺苷负荷心肌核素显像,109例提示有心肌缺血现象,25例正常,诊断阳性率达81.3%。12例患者经过冠状动脉造影,有冠脉狭窄的患者行PCI,前后复查腺苷心肌核素显像,介入后心肌核素血流灌注较介入前明显改善(P<0.01)。结论腺苷负荷心肌核素显像在冠心病的诊断中起着重要的作用,其敏感性与特异性较高,同时在冠心病介入治疗前后疗效评价方面有一定的临床意义。     

腺苷超声与核素心肌显像推测心绞痛相关狭窄血管的比较

目的 比较腺苷超声心动图与腺苷核素心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病及推测稳定型心绞痛患者相关狭窄血管的价值。方法 51例临床诊断为稳定型心绞痛的住院患者同期进行腺苷超声心动图与腺苷核素心肌灌注显像检查,超声心动图示室壁运动障碍,心肌显像检测核素分布稀疏或缺损,并在2周内行冠状动脉造影对照。结果 51例患者接受冠状动脉造影,诊断冠心病42例,9例排除冠心病,诊断狭窄血管74支。超声心动图阳性者33例,心肌显像阳性者39例。超声心动图诊断狭窄血管敏感性62%,特异性86%,准确性75%。核素心肌显像诊断狭窄血管敏感性80%,特异性89%,准确性84%。二者诊断符合率84%。结论 研究结果显示,与腺苷超声心动图诊断稳定型心绞痛患者狭窄血管相比较,腺苷心肌灌注显像具有更高的敏感性,尤其识别多支病变及中重度狭窄血管更敏感。     

冠心病的心肌超声造影

目的 探索心肌超声造影（MCE）在可疑冠心病及冠心病中的应用.方法 43例患者进行了超声心动图检查,并在静息状态下行心肌声学造影.造影图像采用ACQ软件对微泡再充盈曲线进行定性及定量分析.结果 43例患者中有60个节段显示灌注异常,冠脉造影正常者中有4个节段灌注减弱,定性分析和定量分析基本一致.结论 心肌超声造影有望成为可疑冠心病及冠心病的常规检查方法.     

Hybrid SPECT-CT and PET-CT: Current Concepts and Developments

Cardiac hybrid imaging combines different modalities in order to obtain complementary anatomical and functional information in a single imaging study. Coronary CT angiography (CTA) and myocardial perfusion imaging with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) are established noninvasive modalities for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Hybrid SPECT-CT or PET-CT is a promising tool for evaluation of CAD since it allows visualization of coronary atherosclerotic lesions and their consequences on myocardial blood flow in a single study. This appears to offer superior diagnostic accuracy for the detection of flow-limiting stenosis in patients with intermediate risk for CAD as compared with stand-alone imaging, especially by improving the positive predictive value. This article will review the concepts and currently available clinical experiences from cardiac hybrid imaging as well as discuss potential future applications.     

A comparative evaluation of Tl-201 and Tc-99m sestamibi myocardial perfusion spect imaging in diabetic patients

Aim Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) is an effective tool for early diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in type II diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to review the comparative findings of Tc-99m MIBI and Tl-201 MPS in defining normal and abnormal myocardial segments, type and extent of the perfusion defects with reference to coronary angiography findings in diabetic patients. Methods Thirty patients with type II DM who had abnormal Tc-99m MIBI MPS findings and underwent coronary angiography were included this study (20 male, 10 female; mean age was 64 ± 11 years). Those patients were also investigated with Tl-201 MPS thereafter. All scintigraphic images were evaluated semiquantitatively using a 20-segments myocardial model. The perfusion of myocardial segments, reversibility and severity of defects based on defect score were compared using the MIBI and Tl-201 images in relation to coronary angiography. Diffuse slow-washout of Tl-201 was also noted. Results A total of 600 myocardial segments were comparatively analyzed. Diagnostic concordance between both tracers in defining normal and abnormal perfusion on a segmental basis was 88% (κ = 0.71). The percentage of normal, reversible and non-reversible segments in the Tc-99m MIBI and Tl-201 study were 67–61%, 11–20% and 22–19% respectively. While the number of irreversible defects were similar for both tracers, more number of reversible defects were identified by Tl-201 MPS than Tc-99m MIBI (65 vs. 123, p = 0.001). No significant difference between the defect scores of both tracers was found. Conclusion MPS using both tracers offered agreement in defining or excluding perfusion abnormalities in a major part of the data. However, Tl-201 MPS yielded better detection rate of myocardial ischemia than Tc-99m MIBI MPS in diabetic patients.     

心肌灌注指数和舒张功能指标在急性前壁心肌梗死患者预后评估的意义

【目的】探讨心肌灌注指数联合左室舒张功能指标预测急性前壁心肌梗死（AMI）患者预后的价值。【方法】54例急性前壁心肌梗死患者根据急诊经皮冠脉介入治疗后心肌灌注情况和左室舒张功能分为三组。A组：心肌灌注及左室舒张功能正常,B组：心肌灌注异常或左室舒张功能异常,C组：心肌灌注及左室舒张功能均异常。追踪患者出院后3年内情况,分析其与心肌灌注和左室舒张功能的关系。【结果】A组患者预后最佳,3年存活率为84．2％,C组患者预后最差,3年存活率为53．3％,B组为75．0％。【结论】心肌灌注联合左室舒张功能可以用于预测急性前壁心肌梗死患者预后,及早发现高危患者,有利于临床治疗。