喉垂直部分切除术36例疗效观察

目的探讨喉垂直部分切除术治疗喉癌的临床疗效。方法对2002年1月-2010年6月收治的36例声门型喉癌及跨声门型喉癌行喉垂直部分切除术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中声门型30例,跨声门型6例。26例行喉垂直部分切除术,10例行喉扩大垂直部分切除术。8例同时行功能性颈廓清术,20例行择区颈廓清术,8例探查患侧Ⅱ、Ⅲ区淋巴结未予颈廓清术。8例（T2N1M0,T3N1M0）声门型喉癌术后6周联合放疗。结果随访满3年患者31例,死亡2例,失访5例;随访满5年患者28例,死亡3例,失访6例。3年生存率80.55%,5年生存率69.44%。结论喉垂直部分切除术是临床上治疗声门型喉癌的有效术式,但需要严格把握适应证。     

全喉切除术后气管造口复发癌

目的探讨喉癌、下咽癌全喉切除术后气管造口复发癌病因、诊断及治疗,提出气管造口复发癌预防措施。方法回顾性分析16例喉癌、下咽癌全喉切除术后气管造口复发癌临床资料,对比手术和非手术治疗的效果。结果16例气管造口复发癌全喉切除术前均有肿瘤声门下侵犯,5例术后切缘阳性;手术治疗11例,5例术后病理证实为淋巴结转移;术后生存5～68个月,4例（4/9）存活3年以上;放射治疗或未治疗5例,生存3～7个月;手术明显延长生命（P<0.01）。结论气管造口复发癌病因可能与肿瘤残存、种植、淋巴结转移、肿瘤分化有关;预后差,应重在预防。全喉手术肿瘤的彻底切除,标本切缘的显微监控,精细的颈淋巴清扫手术是降低本病发生率的重要保证。     

喉癌根治性放疗后挽救性手术治疗结果

作者通过对1967～1972年间的28名喉鳞癌患者,在接受根治性放疗(~(60)钴5,600～6,000rad)后,由于局部复发或放疗失败,又行喉全切除术或联合根治术(喉全切除术加颈廓清术)的材料分析,说明喉癌治疗中挽救性手术的结果。患者年龄40～75岁。仅1例女性,余27例为男性。声门上癌有15例(54%),其中8例于根治性放疗后1～24月需做喉全切除术;7例有颈淋巴结转移行颈廓清术;3例因局部复发伴颈转移行联合根治术。5例由于原有的或在放疗期间发生喉喘鸣而行急症气管切开术。声门癌10例     

全喉切除术后气管造口复发癌

目的 探讨喉癌、下咽癌全喉切除术后气管造口复发癌病因、诊断及治疗，提出气管造口复发癌预防措施。方法 回顾性分析16例喉癌、下咽癌全喉切除术后气管造口复发癌临床资料，对比手术和非手术治疗的效果。结果 16例气管造口复发癌全喉切除术前均有肿瘤声门下侵犯，5例术后绝缘阳性；手术治疗11例，5例术后病理证实为淋巴结转移；术后生存5－68个月，4例（4／9）存活3年以上；放射治疗或未治疗5例，生存3－7个月；手术明显延长生命（P＜0．01）。结论 气管造口复发癌病因可能与肿瘤残存、种植、淋巴结转移、肿瘤分化有关；预后差，应重在预防。全喉手术肿瘤的彻底切除，标本切缘的显微监控，精细的颈淋巴清扫手术是降低本病发生率的重要保证。     

对贯声门癌再认识的临床意义

目的 :进一步探讨贯声门癌临床存在的意义。方法 :分析 86例贯声门癌的临床表现、手术、颈转移、组织病理学研究及随访资料。结果 :贯声门癌有别于声门上、声门型喉癌 T2 、T3期。其中行全喉切除术 6 3例 ,次全喉 9例 ,扩大垂直半喉 14例 ;同期行颈廓清术 47例。术中见 ,>2 cm的贯声门癌 5 8%侵及喉骨架 ,46 %扩展至喉外 ,以及 71%的颈转移。随访 5年生存率 5 5 .4% ,10年 2 9.7% ,≥ 15年 18.9%。结论 :贯声门癌作为临床的一种特殊类型有实际意义 ;声门旁间隙的局部解剖特点是导致贯声门癌易广泛扩展和颈转移的原因 ;对贯声门癌的治疗原则应是在手术同时行选择性颈廓清 ,术后补充放疗。     

喉癌部分喉切除术

目的探讨喉癌部分喉切除术的方法.方法总结59例喉癌部分喉切除经验.其中喉裂开声带切除2例;垂直喉部分切除38例;水平喉部分切除10例;次全喉切除加同侧颈廓清术2例;水平喉部分切除加同侧颈廓清7例.结果本组病例的3年生存率为83.8%,5年生存率为68.2%;59例中56例顺利拔管;全部病人术后发音清晰,吞咽正常.结论声门癌与声门上癌(T1～T2)病人行部分喉切除是更佳选择.     

保留部分环状软骨环的喉全切除术

目的研究喉癌及下咽癌手术中保留部分环状软骨环对患者的影响。方法回顾性分析32例中晚期喉癌、下咽癌患者,术中采取于环状软骨弓中部水平裂开,只保留部分环状软骨环的喉全切除术,保留的部分环状软骨环与气管一起与颈前造瘘,术后患者不佩戴全喉套管,观察患者咳嗽反射、气道分泌物、造瘘口变化及出院后有无造瘘口狭窄及造瘘口复发情况。结果 32例患者术后均咳嗽反应及气道分泌物明显减少,造瘘口周围红肿较轻。术后随访12~60个月,造瘘口无明显狭窄,无造瘘口肿瘤复发。结论中晚期喉癌及下咽癌患者保留部分环状软骨环的喉全切除术,可避免术后佩戴全喉套管,减少刺激性咳嗽,减轻局部炎症反应,更有利于气道分泌物的排出,缩短患者术后恢复时间,预防气管造瘘口狭窄。     

右颈总动脉头臂干相继结扎术后无并发症1例

患者男性,sl岁,日喉癌行左垂直部分喉切除术,放疗后IO个月,呼吸困难两周入院。于门诊诊断喉癌术后气管造口复发,呼吸困难D度。检查一般状态可,呼吸稍促,颈前气管造疾口处红肿,可触及4OX3．OX3．Ocm肿块。纤维喉镜检查：左半喉术后状态,右侧结构正常,声门裂smm,声门下造病口处气管塌陷。喉CT示颈段气管造疾口处可见软组织影。行残喉切除及造疾口复发瘤体切除术。术中见肿瘤已侵犯右颈总动脉鞘约Zcm,将肿瘤锐性分离,部分胸骨切除低位造病。术后颈前皮瓣因放疗供血不良出现感染坏死致颈总动脉暴露。于术后35天出现动脉壁坏死…     

气管切开术与喉切除术后造口复发

喉切除术前急症气管切开术被认为与喉癌气管造口复发及生存期减短有关，但对此观点尚有争议。造口复发是气管切开术本身所致，还是因为需行急症气管切开术者常有声门下侵犯或为晚期癌容易造口复发？该文将肿瘤原发部位、声门下浸润、Ｔ和Ｎ分期及治疗方法等所有可能影响预后的因素纳入分析，着重探讨气管切开术与造口复发的关系。４３例Ｔ。声门癌患者，伴有或不伴声门上区和／或声门下区侵犯，均行全喉切除术，有呼吸困难者术前行气管切开术，切缘受累、声门下或喉骨架破坏时，术后加放疗。患者均存活并随访２５个月以上。术前急症气管切开…     

镍钛记忆合金支架在喉全切除术后气管造口中的应用

预防和治疗喉全切除术后气管造口狭窄的常用方法有造口内置入金属全喉套管 ,但术后气管造口狭窄的发病率仍高达 2 2 %～ 42 %〔1〕。镍钛形状记忆合金具有生物相容性好、无毒、耐腐蚀、耐疲劳和超弹性等特点 ,我们应用镍钛记忆合金支架安放气管造口处预防气管造口狭窄 ,取得良好的效果 ,报告如下。1　材料与方法2 0 0 2年 3月～ 2 0 0 3年 1月行喉全切除术患者1 5例 ,均男性 ,术后病理证实全部为鳞状细胞癌。单纯喉全切除术 1 2例 ,喉全切除加颈清扫术 3例。全部病例喉全切除术后同期安放镍钛记忆合金支架于气管造口处。镍钛记忆合金支架 (…     

CO2激光手术治疗声门上型喉癌

目的 总结CO2激光手术治疗声门上型喉癌的临床治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析1995年2月至2005年6月CO2激光手术治疗的32例声门上型喉癌患者临床资料.32例患者中T1N0M0 20例,T1N1M0 2例,T2N0M0 8例,T2N1M0 2例,全部病例术后随诊3年以上.喉部肿瘤均经口行激光手术,同期行择区性(Ⅱ-Ⅳ区)颈清扫术12例,改良全颈清扫术4例.结果 KaplanMeier法统计5年生存率为90.6%,其中T1病变5年生存率为95.6%,T2病变为78.2%.喉的局部控制率为96.8%;喉局部和颈部区域5年控制率为90.3%,其中T1病变5年局部区域控制率为90.9%,T2病变为89.0%.喉部局部复发2例,1例再治疗行喉水平垂直部分切除术,1例行喉全切除术.颈部区域复发2例,其中1例喉部复发伴颈淋巴转移,再治疗后存活;1例颈部复发,治疗后再次颈部复发并伴肺转移死亡.4例患者出现较轻并发症,保守治疗后好转.除1例患者因局部复发行喉全切除外,其余存活患者喉功能良好.结论 激光治疗早期声门上型喉癌创伤小、疗效可靠,是一种理想的治疗方式.     

Incidence and predisposing factors of pharyngocutaneous fistula formation after total laryngectomy. Is there a relationship with tumor recurrence?

Pharyngocutaneous fistula is the most common complication (8.7 to 22%) in the immediate postoperative period following total laryngectomy. The study's objective was to determine the incidence of post-laryngectomy fistulas in patients operated on in our department to establish whether specific factors predispose to fistula formation and to determine whether fistulas and tumor recurrence are related. Between 1992 and 2001, 377 cases of laryngeal carcinoma were diagnosed, and the patients underwent total laryngectomy in our department. Of these patients, 291 had total laryngectomy as the primary management of their disease, while in 86 patients the operation treated recurrence of the disease. In 92 patients, total laryngectomy was combined with radical or eclectic neck dissection. The presence of early postoperative fistula was established in 49 of the 377 patients (13%) studied. The cancerous stage, exact localization of the tumor, degree of differentiation, previous irradiation, patient's age, performance or not of neck dissection or emergency tracheostomy and fitting of voice prostheses were all factors that, after statistical analysis, did not appear to significantly influence the incidence of postoperative fistulas. Factors that did show statistical significance were the histological infiltration of the tumor's surgical margins (11% negative vs. 38% with positive margins) and coexisting early complications. Fistula management was conservative in the majority of cases. The necessary closure period for a fistula varied between 5 and 81 days (mean: 29 days). Postoperative follow-up of all patients revealed that fistulas did not influence the incidence of tumor recurrence. The incidence of postoperative fistulas in our study was 13%. Incomplete excision of the tumor and coexisting complications were related, among other things, to a higher rate of fistula formation. The rate of tumor recurrence after total laryngectomy was not related to the presence of a fistula during the postoperative period.     

山东东部地区女性喉癌患者的临床特点

目的 探讨山东东部地区女性喉癌患者的临床特点。 方法 对22例女性喉癌患者资料进行回顾性分析,其中声门上型8例,声门型13例,声门下型1例;按2002年AJCC标准进行分期：Ⅰ期10例,Ⅱ期2例,Ⅲ期4例,Ⅳ期6例。行喉部分切除术14例,喉全切除术6例,同时行颈清扫术10例,术后放疗10例。单纯放疗2例。生存率采用直接法计算。结果 行手术治疗的20例中,治疗后满3年者11例,失访2例,无瘤生存8例,3年直接生存率72.7%;治疗后满5年者6例,失访1例,无瘤生存5例,5年直接生存率83.3%;行单纯放射治疗的2例分别于治疗后9个月和1年死于复发。结论 女性喉癌发病率较低,声门上型喉癌构成比相对较高,部分女性喉癌患者与吸烟有关,女性喉癌患者的多原发癌值得重视     

保留一侧杓状软骨的喉次全切除术的远期疗效观察

目的探讨保留一侧杓状软骨的喉次全切除术的疗效。方法分析82例(Ⅲ期73例，Ⅳ期9例；声门上型71例，声门型6例，跨声门型5例)喉鳞状细胞癌患者施行保留一侧杓状软骨的喉次全切除术的远期疗效。结果82例均恢复了发音及吞咽功能，呼吸功能恢复正常者84．2％(69／82)。82例中发生咽瘘2例，创口感染6例，均保守治愈。82例随访均满5年以上，失访5例，随访率为93．9％。5年内死亡26例，其中喉癌局部复发5例，颈淋巴结转移4例，喉癌复发及颈淋巴结转移4例，其他4例(心功能衰竭、心肌梗死、肺转移、直肠癌各1例)，死因不明4例，失访5例。随访满10年者68例，死亡30例(包括5年内死亡之26例，5年后死于喉癌复发1例，死因不明2例，失访1例)，5、10年生存率分别为68．3％(56／82)及55．9％(38／68)。结论保留一侧杓状软骨的喉次全切除术对于T3及某些经过选择的T4期喉癌是可行的。     

Management of the N0 Neck During Salvage Laryngectomy

Background: Radiotherapy is effective treatment for laryngeal carcinoma. Early-stage laryngeal carcinoma has a low incidence of cervical metastasis. Patients initially clinically N0 usually remain N0 when they fail at the primary site. The incidence of subclinical metastasis in these patients is not well described. Watchful waiting or elective neck dissections are advocated. Objective: Examine the incidence of subclinical metastatic disease in patients undergoing elective neck dissections with salvage laryngectomy. Study Design: Prospective study (1991–1996) of patients who failed radiotherapy and underwent salvage laryngectomy with elective neck dissection. Methods: Thirty-four patients underwent salvage laryngectomy with neck dissection (30 bilateral, 4 unilateral). All were clinically N0 at initial presentation and remained N0 at recurrence. Pathologic study of the neck dissection specimens was undertaken. Patients were followed for a minimum of 2 years (mean, 4 y). Results: The male-to-female ratio was 4.5:1, with a mean age of 62 years (range, 38 to 75 y). Metastatic disease was present in 6 patients (17%); 4 of 14 (28%) supraglottis and 2 of 20 (10%) glottic. Presence of disease in the neck according to stage at recurrence was as follows: T2, 2 of 12; T3, 3 of 14; and T4, 2 of 8. Neck disease was ipsilateral in 4 and contralateral in 2 patients (both supraglottic primaries). Conclusions: Subclinical cervical metastasis may be present in N0 laryngeal carcinoma patients who have recurrence following radiotherapy. Morbidity of a lateral neck dissection is minimal, with excellent control of the neck being possible. Supraglottic and advanced glottic (T3-T4) patients may benefit the most.     

Incidental thyroid carcinoma found during surgery for laryngeal carcinoma: a case report

At the histopathologic examination of neck dissection specimens of the patients who underwent surgical treatment with the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, thyroid cancer metastases may also be detected in addition to laryngeal cancer metastases. Were retrospectively reviewed the files of 74 patients who were diagnosed with laryngeal cancer and underwent total or partial laryngectomy and neck dissection in our clinic between January 2008 and July 2010. Thyroid papillary carcinoma was found in neck dissection specimen of two patients who underwent partial laryngectomy and neck dissection. Total thyroidectomy was performed to complete the treatment. No recurrence or metastasis was found during the postoperative follow-up for an average of 9.5 months (range 5 to 14 months). Although it is a rare condition, the possibility of coexisting thyroid carcinoma in laryngeal cancer patients and the possible need for completion surgery when required should always be kept in mind.     

喉癌术后复发及颈部转移临床治疗的远期疗效观察

目的：探讨治疗喉癌术后复发及颈部转移的有效方法。方法：回顾性分析我院1990年4月～1998年4月收治的喉癌术后复发及颈部转移患者70例，其中局部复发癌3i例，气管造口复发癌15例，颈淋巴结转移24例。结果：31例局部复发癌中，19例二次手术者术后15例生存，4例死亡；未行手术治疗的12例分别在1～3年内死亡。15例气管造口复发癌中，9例二次手术者术后5例生存，4例死亡；未行手术治疗的6例均在18个月内死亡。24例颈淋巴结转移者中，15例二次手术者术后8例生存，7例死亡；9例未行Ⅱ期手术者2年内死亡。结论：喉癌术后定期复查及系统的临床随访，有利于喉癌术后复发及颈部转移的早期发现和早期治疗；二次手术是喉癌术后复发及颈部转移临床治疗的重要措施；放射治疗或化学治疗作为综合治疗手段有一定疗效，但其疗效有限。     

显微喉镜CO2激光喉癌切除术的远期疗效观察

目的：观察显微喉镜下CO2激光手术治疗早期喉癌的远期疗效和生存质量。方法：对20例喉癌患者在显微喉镜下行CO2激光手术。全部病例通过电话、书信和来院复诊等形式随访5～8年。结果：20例患者中,1例术后1年死于局部复发,1例术后2年局部复发行部分喉切除术,1例术后5年出现颈部淋巴结转移行二期颈廓清术,其余17例术后随访5～8年未见复发。5年总治愈率为85％,生存率为95％,局部复发率为10%,局部淋巴结转移率为5％。所有存活者呼吸通畅,发声良好,其中8例完全恢复日常工作,5例经常从事家务劳动,4例有时从事家务劳动。结论：T1及更早期的声门区和声门上区喉癌适合显微喉镜CO2激光手术,其5年生存率及生存质量令人满意,是治疗早期喉癌的较好选择。     

喉部分切除术后复发癌的外科挽救治疗

目的 分析喉部分切除术后喉复发癌的外科治疗方法、预后及影响预后的因素.方法 回顾分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院头颈外科77例喉部分切除患者术后喉复发癌再行外科挽救治疗的临床资料.其中51例行喉全切除术,26例行喉部分切除术,其中19例无放疗史者行手术加放疗的综合治疗.Kaplan-Meier法统计生存率,Cox多因素分析影...     

Partial laryngeal surgery in recurrent carcinoma

With the growing acceptance of nonsurgical therapies for laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs), it has become important to delineate surgical salvage strategies for disease recurrences. Total laryngectomy is often recommended, but appropriately selected laryngeal recurrences may be treated successfully with partial laryngeal surgery: laryngeal function can be preserved with oncological efficacy. The main available studies dealing with partial laryngeal surgery in recurrent carcinoma were critically reviewed. The most appealing feature of salvage transoral laser surgery (TLS) is the opportunity to make tumor-tailored excisions without any reconstructive limitations and retaining the option to switch to open partial laryngectomy. A recent detailed review of 11 series found a pooled local control rate of 57% after a first TLS procedure. Supracricoid laryngectomy (SCL) seems to achieve good local control rates in selected cases of recurrent supraglottic-glottic carcinoma: one review considering seven series calculated that 85% of the patients treated with salvage SCL after radiotherapy experienced no local recurrence; and total laryngectomy after failure of salvage SCL afforded an overall local control rate of 65%. Neck dissection is mandatory in all cases of local LSCC recurrence with evidence of neck metastases, and routine elective neck dissection is recommended for recurrent supraglottic and transglottic cancers.