Thigh Muscle Activity,Knee Motion,and Impact Force During Side-Step Pivoting in Agility-Trained Female Basketball Players

Context:

Improving neuromuscular control of hamstrings muscles might have implications for decreasing anterior cruciate ligament injuries in females.

Objective:

To examine the effects of a 6-week agility training program on quadriceps and hamstrings muscle activation, knee flexion angles, and peak vertical ground reaction force.

Design:

Prospective, randomized clinical research trial.

Setting:

Sports medicine research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:

Thirty female intramural basketball players with no history of knee injury (age  =  21.07 ± 2.82 years, height  =  171.27 ± 4.66 cm, mass  =  66.36 ± 7.41 kg).

Intervention(s):

Participants were assigned to an agility training group or a control group that did not participate in agility training. Participants in the agility training group trained 4 times per week for 6 weeks.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

We used surface electromyography to assess muscle activation for the rectus femoris, vastus medialis oblique, medial hamstrings, and lateral hamstrings for 50 milliseconds before initial ground contact and while the foot was in contact with the ground during a side-step pivot maneuver. Knee flexion angles (at initial ground contact, maximum knee flexion, knee flexion displacement) and peak vertical ground reaction force also were assessed during this maneuver.

Results:

Participants in the training group increased medial hamstrings activation during ground contact after the 6-week agility training program. Both groups decreased their vastus medialis oblique muscle activation during ground contact. Knee flexion angles and peak vertical ground reaction force did not change for either group.

Conclusions:

Agility training improved medial hamstrings activity in female intramural basketball players during a side-step pivot maneuver. Agility training that improves hamstrings activity might have implications for reducing anterior cruciate ligament sprain injury associated with side-step pivots.     

The Interaction of Trunk-Load and Trunk-Position Adaptations on Knee Anterior Shear and Hamstrings Muscle Forces During Landing

Context:

Because anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries can occur during deceleration maneuvers, biomechanics research has been focused on the lower extremity kinetic chain. Trunk mass and changes in trunk position affect lower extremity joint torques and work during gait and landing, but how the trunk affects knee joint and muscle forces is not well understood.

Objective:

To evaluate the effects of added trunk load and adaptations to trunk position on knee anterior shear and knee muscle forces in landing.

Design:

Crossover study.

Setting:

Controlled laboratory environment.

Patients or Other Participants:

Twenty-one participants (10 men: age  =  20.3 ± 1.15 years, height  =  1.82 ± 0.04 m, mass  =  78.2 ± 7.3 kg; 11 women: age  =  20.0 ± 1.10 years, height  =  1.72 ± 0.06 m, mass  =  62.3 ± 6.4 kg).

Intervention(s):

Participants performed 2 sets of 8 double-leg landings under 2 conditions: no load and trunk load (10% body mass). Participants were categorized into one of 2 groups based on the kinematic trunk adaptation to the load: trunk flexor or trunk extensor.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

We estimated peak and average knee anterior shear, quadriceps, hamstrings, and gastrocnemius forces with a biomechanical model.

Results:

We found condition-by-group interactions showing that adding a trunk load increased peak (17%) and average (35%) knee anterior shear forces in the trunk-extensor group but did not increase them in the trunk-flexor group (peak: F_1,19  =  10.56, P  =  .004; average: F_1,19  =  9.56, P  =  .006). We also found a main effect for condition for quadriceps and gastrocnemius forces. When trunk load was added, peak (6%; F_1,19  =  5.52, P  =  .030) and average (8%; F_1,19  =  8.83, P  =  .008) quadriceps forces increased and average (4%; F_1,19  =  4.94, P  =  .039) gastrocnemius forces increased, regardless of group. We found a condition-by-group interaction for peak (F_1,19  =  5.16, P  =  .035) and average (F_1,19  =  12.35, P  =  .002) hamstrings forces. When trunk load was added, average hamstrings forces decreased by 16% in the trunk-extensor group but increased by 13% in the trunk-flexor group.

Conclusions:

Added trunk loads increased knee anterior shear and knee muscle forces, depending on trunk adaptation strategy. The trunk-extensor adaptation to the load resulted in a quadriceps-dominant strategy that increased knee anterior shear forces. Trunk-flexor adaptations may serve as a protective strategy against the added load. These findings should be interpreted with caution, as only the face validity of the biomechanical model was assessed.     

Association of Quadriceps and Hamstrings Cocontraction Patterns With Knee Joint Loading

Context:

Sex differences in neuromuscular control of the lower extremity have been identified as a potential cause for the greater incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes compared with male athletes. Women tend to land in greater knee valgus with higher abduction loads than men. Because knee abduction loads increase ACL strain, the inability to minimize these loads may lead to ACL failure.

Objective:

To investigate the activation patterns of the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles with respect to the peak knee abduction moment.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Setting:

Neuromuscular research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:

Twenty-one recreationally active adults (11 women, 10 men).

Main Outcome Measure(s):

Volunteers performed 3 trials of a 100-cm forward hop. During the hop task, we recorded surface electromyographic data from the medial and lateral hamstrings and quadriceps and recorded lower extremity kinematics and kinetics. Lateral and medial quadriceps-to-hamstrings (Q∶H) cocontraction indices, the ratio of medial-to-lateral Q∶H cocontraction, normalized root mean square electromyographic data for medial and lateral quadriceps and hamstrings, and peak knee abduction moment were calculated and used in data analyses.

Results:

Overall cocontraction was lower in women than in men, whereas activation was lower in the medial than in the lateral musculature in both sexes (P < .05). The medial Q∶H cocontraction index (R²  =  0.792) accounted for a significant portion of the variance in the peak knee abduction moment in women (P  =  .001). Women demonstrated less activation in the vastus medialis than in the vastus lateralis (P  =  .49) and less activation in the medial hamstrings than in the lateral hamstrings (P  =  .01).

Conclusions:

Medial-to-lateral Q∶H cocontraction appears to be unbalanced in women, which may limit their ability to resist abduction loads. Because higher abduction loads increase strain on the ACL, restoring medial-to-lateral Q∶H cocontraction balance in women may help reduce ACL injury risk.     

Knee separation distance and lower extremity kinematics during a drop land: implications for clinical screening

Context:

Excessive knee valgus during dynamic tasks is thought to contribute to lower extremity overuse and traumatic injuries. Clinically, assessments of frontal-plane knee motion typically include measures of the distance between the knees during landing. However, it is not clear how this clinical assessment relates to knee-abduction angle or how it is influenced by the position of the lower extremities in the transverse and frontal planes.

Objective:

To determine whether normalized knee separation distance (NKSD) is a predictor of knee-abduction angles and to assess the influence of lower extremity transverse-plane and frontal-plane angles on NKSD during a drop land.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Setting:

Motion analysis laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:

Twenty-five healthy female athletes.

Intervention(s):

The frontal-plane distance between the 2- dimensional coordinates of markers over the greater trochanters (intertrochanteric distance), lateral femoral epicondyles (knee separation distance), and lateral malleoli (stance width) bilaterally was calculated during a drop land. The knee separation distance was normalized by intertrochanteric distance (NKSD). Concurrently, 3-dimensional lower extremity transverse-plane and frontal-plane kinematics were obtained.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

We assessed NKSD, stance width, and bilateral average knee and hip transverse plane and frontal-plane angles and ankle frontal-plane angles. Linear regression was used to determine the association between NKSD and bilateral average knee frontal-plane angles. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify the best predictors of NKSD during the drop land.

Results:

After we controlled for stance width, NKSD explained 52% of the variance in the knee frontal-plane angle. When we took lower extremity kinematics into account, after controlling for stance width, the average hip frontal-plane angle was the best predictor of NKSD, explaining 97% of the variance.

Conclusions:

Although NKSD is a predictor of knee- abduction angle, frontal-plane hip angle and stance width are strongly related to NKSD. Caution must be taken when interpreting NKSD as knee abduction.     

股骨外侧髁压迹的研究进展

股骨外侧髁压迹是股骨外侧髁关节面中部的一个浅的凹槽,又称为股骨外侧髁髌骨沟,正常位于胫股关节面和髌股关节面两个弧形关节面相交处。在急性前交叉韧带损伤或慢性膝关节旋转不稳定的患者中,股骨外侧髁压迹表现为异常的加深,在膝关节X线平片以及磁共振图像上有时候可以清楚地观察到这个典型的影像学特征。磁共振图像还可以敏感地显示隐匿性关节软骨或软骨下骨挫伤。异常加深的股骨外侧髁压迹是前交叉韧带损伤及外侧半月板损伤的一个可靠的间接证据。     

前交叉韧带重建术后膝关节运动分析研究进展

膝关节前交叉韧带损伤是临床常见的严重影响膝关节稳定性的运动性损伤。尽管前交叉韧带重建(anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,ACLR)可以修复韧带结构,但却无法恢复膝关节正常的运动学与动力学。近年来,利用运动分析评估ACLR术后疗效是运动医学及康复医学领域的研究热点。目前运动分析主要应用于ACLR术后疗效评价、个性化康复方案制定,也是探讨ACLR术后继发性损伤和早发性骨性关节炎潜在危险因素的科学客观工具。未来ACLR术后的运动分析更多关注于优化手术方案和康复治疗方案。回顾近10年ACLR术后膝关节运动分析的观察性研究和随机临床试验,介绍光学运动捕捉和双平面透视追踪在ACLR术后运动分析中的应用进展。临床研究表明,无论选择何种移植物和术式重建前交叉韧带,术后膝关节在功能任务中仍表现出异常的运动学特征,但术后膝关节生物力学的改变与早发性膝关节骨性关节炎的关系仍不清楚。恢复膝关节的旋转稳定性是临床ACLR手术最大的挑战之一。未来研究应通过合理的研究设计与长期随访,探讨ACLR对膝关节生物力学机制的影响,帮助临床医生和物理治疗师制定更有效的干预措施。     

非预期条件下前交叉韧带重建术后运动员侧切动作下肢运动生物力学特征

目的 量化非预期条件下前交叉韧带重建(anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, ACLR)术后运动员侧切动作中膝关节生物力学特征,探讨运动员前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament, ACL)损伤潜在风险。 方法 应用红外运动捕捉系统和三维测力台同步采集 30 名 ACLR 男性运动员在预期和非预期条件下侧切动作中健侧、患侧下肢运动学和动力学数据。 应用双因素方差分析对关节角度、关节力矩、地面反作用力( ground reaction force, GRF)等测试指标进行统计分析。 结果 患侧肢体的膝关节屈曲角度、外翻力矩和屈曲力矩显著低于健侧肢体,内旋力矩和胫骨前剪切力显著高于健侧肢体。 与预期条件相比,非预期条件下膝关节屈曲角度、内旋力矩、胫骨前剪切力显著增加。 患侧肢体膝关节外旋角度在预期和非预期条件下均显著高于健侧,非预期条件下健侧肢体侧向 GRF 和前后 GRF 显著小于预期条件,患侧肢体侧向 GRF 显著高于预期条件。 结论 ACLR 运动员进行侧切动作时,相比于健侧,患侧表现出较小的膝关节屈曲角度,较大的膝关节内旋力矩和胫骨前剪切力的生物力学特征,可能存在较大的 ACL 潜在损伤风险;在非预期条件下,ACLR 运动员双侧下肢均表现出膝关节内旋力矩增大,侧向 GRF 增大和胫骨前剪切力增大的生物力学特征,提示 ACL 潜在损伤风险不仅限于患侧,健侧下肢也应加强侧切动作中 ACL 损伤预防。     

膝关节韧带的生物力学研究进展

膝关节韧带的生物力学是近年来研究的热点之一,力学刺激对调控韧带功能、韧带组织愈合和重建有着重要的作用,作者从膝关节韧带的结构、力学与生化特点、愈合与重建、施加应力与制动对韧带的影响、应力对韧带细胞分化的影响和前交叉韧带与内侧副韧带的对比研究等方面综述了近年来的一些研究进展。     

关节镜下保留残端与非保残重建前交叉韧带的疗效比较

目的　比较关节镜下保留及非保留残端重建前交叉韧带 (anterior cruciate ligament, ACL) 的疗效。 方法　选择我院2014.03~2015.05收治的64例有韧带残端残留的ACL断裂患者64例为研究对象,采用关节镜下四股自体腘绳肌腱单束重建技术,随机分为两组,即保留残端组和非保留残端组,每组32例,非保残组给予切除残端行常规关节镜手术重建ACL,保残组在保留残端的基础上行关节镜下ACL重建术。记录比较两组术前、术后关节稳定性及功能评分进行对比,术后1年测本体感觉,部分患者二次手术时探查重建韧带。 结果　64 例均获随访,随访时间 12~27个月。术后1年Lysholm评分,非保残组平均91.9分,保残平均93.2分;IKDC 评分功能在A、B级非保残组29例,保残组30例;抽屉试验阴性非保残组29例保残组31例,Lachman 试验阴性两组均为30例,比较差异均无统计学意义( P＞0.05);两组的本体感觉重复试验无差异,患者自述关节稳定性及位置觉以观察组稍优,术后共有9例患者二次行关节镜手术,对照组4例,观察组5例,镜下见对照滑膜覆盖率及韧带表面光滑度较观察组稍差,因例数太少,未行统计学分析。 结论　关节镜下保留残端与非保留残端单束重建术重建 ACL ,均能获得满意的临床效果,但关节镜下保留残端患者有更好的自我感觉,可能和保留残端有利于移植物的再血管化及本体感受器的恢复有关,需要更多的数据来进行统计学分析。     

躯干运动控制对落地过程中膝关节生物力学指标的影响

目的 明确躯干运动控制对单腿落地过程中膝关节生物力学的影响.方法 招募20名健康男性篮球运动员,采用Vicon运动捕捉系统、Kistler三维测力台、Noraxon表面肌电测试系统测量在躯干控制条件下单腿落地过程中膝关节运动学、动力学和表面肌电的参数.结果 深吸气落地和带杆落地与自然落地比较在触地时刻膝关节屈曲角、峰值...     

膝关节前交叉韧带断裂单髁置换生物力学特性的有限元分析

目的基于人体膝关节CT和MRI图像建立前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)断裂和正常膝关节三维实体模型,采用有限元方法研究ACL断裂膝关节在不同屈膝角度对植入假体生物力学性能的影响。方法结合临床单髁置换手术方案植入第3代牛津单髁(OxfordⅢ)假体,其中胫骨假体后倾7°,建立膝关节屈曲0°、30°、60°、90°和120°单髁置换的三维有限元模型,在股骨中心点上施加1 k N压缩载荷,分析5种屈膝角度下股骨假体、半月板衬垫、胫骨假体的应力分布情况。结果膝关节ACL断裂组与正常组在5种屈膝状态下,半月板衬垫的最大主应力在ACL断裂组与正常组之间最大相差幅度为62. 5%,在0°、30°、60°和120°屈膝状态下ACL断裂组最大应力均大于正常组;股骨假体在ACL断裂30°时的最大应力明显增加,其余4种屈膝状态下应力的最大增幅为60. 81%;胫骨假体在5种屈膝状态下ACL断裂组最大应力比正常组分别增加了19. 07%、36. 78%、25. 69%、-4. 38%、51. 19%。当ACL断裂后,除屈膝90°外半月板衬垫和胫骨假体上的均布应力均大于正常组,在屈膝30°和120°时对半月板衬垫的磨损较大。结论单髁置换假体的应力分布随膝关节屈曲角度和ACL功能的变化而存在差异,ACL断裂组应力整体趋势大于ACL正常组,且应力集中于内侧区域,在屈膝120°时应力最大,磨损最为明显。研究结果为临床膝关节ACL断裂单髁假体置换的手术方案和半月板假体的优化设计提供理论依据。     

Longitudinal Assessment of Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk Factors During Maturation in a Female Athlete: A Case Report

Objective:

To present a unique case of a young pubertal female athlete who was prospectively monitored for previously identified anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk factors for 3 years before sustaining an ACL injury.

Background:

In prospective studies, previous investigators have examined cross-sectional measures of anatomic, hormonal, and biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury in young female athletes. In this report, we offer a longitudinal example of measured risk factors as the participant matured.

Differential Diagnosis:

Partial or complete tear of the ACL.

Measurements:

The participant was identified from a cohort monitored from 2002 until 2007. No injury prevention training or intervention was included during this time in the study cohort.

Findings:

The injury occurred in the year after the third assessment during the athlete''s club basketball season. Knee examination, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and arthroscopic evaluation confirmed a complete ACL rupture. The athlete was early pubertal in year 1 of the study and pubertal during the next 2 years; menarche occurred at age 12 years. At the time of injury, she was 14.25 years old and postpubertal, with closing femoral and tibial physes. For each of the 3 years before injury, she demonstrated incremental increases in height, body mass index, and anterior knee laxity. She also displayed decreased hip abduction and knee flexor strength, concomitant with increased knee abduction loads, after each year of growth.

Conclusions:

During puberty, the participant increased body mass and height of the center of mass without matching increases in hip and knee strength. The lack of strength and neuromuscular adaptation to match the increased demands of her pubertal stature may underlie the increased knee abduction loads measured at each annual visit and may have predisposed her to increased risk of ACL injury.     

Overstride-Induced Medial Knee Desmopathy: An Exploration Case Series

Nine runners with varied experience but similar running-gait forms presented with the insidious and progressive onset of medial knee pain. Functional tightness of the semimembranosus (SM) tendon appeared to be a concomitant factor in the pain presentation of these patients. When evaluating atraumatic medial knee pain in runners, clinicians must consider bone stress injuries and atypical conditions. A functionally tight SM may induce pain and desmopathy of the medial collateral ligament through direct fiber entanglement or cause entrapment of infrapatellar branches of the saphenous nerve or both. Relieving SM tension resulted in short-term pain reduction while eliminating the overstride during the running gait over the long term appeared to prevent recurrence.     

Characterization of the Anchoring Morphology and Mineral Content of the Anterior Cruciate and Medial Collateral Ligaments of the Knee

The manner in which ligament connects to bone remains an area of interest for researchers, bioengineers, and clinicians. Stable fixation of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft has been shown to be paramount to preventing excess anterior tibial translation and to restoring the normal kinematics of the knee joint. In this study, the surface area of attachment and the mineral characteristics of the ACL and medial collateral ligament (MCL) attachment sites were characterized to determine the factors that contributed to ligament attachment strength. Findings from this study indicated that the area of attachment of the ACL's insertion was significantly greater than the ligament's origin (95.8 mm² ± 21.5 vs. 73.2 mm² ± 16.2, P = 0.009). Additionally, the ACL was measured to have a greater surface area of attachment when compared with the MCL (84.5 mm² ± 18.8 vs. 58.2 mm² ± 23.8, P = 0.005); although, the MCL was observed to have a greater region of calcified fibrocartilage (CFC) than the ACL (533.0 μm ± 116.9 vs. 195.5 μm ± 36.6, P = 0.0003). No significant correlation was observed between the ligament's area of attachment and the thickness of the CFC region. Measurements of ash percent suggested that the boundary region, between the CFC and host bone, possessed the least mineral content for the three regions of interest. These data suggest that ligament attachment strength can be attributed to several factors, including the ligament's area of attachment, regional thickness, and mineral content of the CFC. Anat Rec,, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

磁共振成像评价膝关节半月板损伤

背景：传统的影像学检查方法在膝关节半月板损伤诊断方面有很大的局限性,难以检测膝关节半月板的全部情况。 目的：以磁共振成像评价膝关节半月板损伤。 方法：回顾性分析以往经临床治疗证实的膝关节半月板损伤患者,分析其磁共振成像征象的特征并分级,显示半月板受损情况,与关节镜或手术结果进行对照研究。 结果与结论：膝关节半月板损伤的磁共振成像中,Ⅰ级表现为不与半月板关节面接触的点状或圆形高信号,Ⅱ级表现为半月板内出现水平或斜行的线样或条状高信号影,但未达到半月板关节面缘,Ⅲ级表现为半月板内线条样或复杂形态高信号影延伸至半月板的关节面,可伴有半月板形态的改变。磁共振成像作为一种无创性的检查手段,能清楚地显示半月板变性和撕裂,正确地诊断半月板损伤的部位、形态及严重程度,这对临床确定治疗方案有非常重要的指导价值。     

Computational modeling of a forward lunge: towards a better understanding of the function of the cruciate ligaments

This study investigated the function of the cruciate ligaments during a forward lunge movement. The mechanical roles of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament (ACL, PCL) during sagittal plane movements, such as forward lunging, are unclear. A forward lunge movement contains a knee joint flexion and extension that is controlled by the quadriceps muscle. The contraction of the quadriceps can cause anterior tibial translation, which may strain the ACL at knee joint positions close to full extension. However, recent findings suggest that it is the PCL rather than the ACL which is strained during forward lunging. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to establish a musculoskeletal model of the forward lunge to computationally investigate the complete mechanical force equilibrium of the tibia during the movement to examine the loading pattern of the cruciate ligaments. A healthy female was selected from a group of healthy subjects who all performed a forward lunge on a force platform, targeting a knee flexion angle of 90°. Skin-markers were placed on anatomical landmarks on the subject and the movement was recorded by five video cameras. The three-dimensional kinematic data describing the forward lunge movement were extracted and used to develop a biomechanical model of the lunge movement. The model comprised two legs including femur, crus, rigid foot segments and the pelvis. Each leg had 35 independent muscle units, which were recruited according to a minimum fatigue criterion. This approach allowed a full understanding of the mechanical equilibrium of the knee joint, which revealed that the PCL had an important stabilizing role in the forward lunge movement. In contrast, the ACL did not have any significant mechanical function during the lunge movement. Furthermore, the results showed that m. gluteus maximus may play a role as a knee stabilizer in addition to the hamstring muscles.     

LARS韧带在前交叉韧带重建中的临床应用与关注热点

文题释义： LARS韧带：于1985 年由法国Dr.Laboureau 应用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯材料模仿人体韧带的解剖结构和生物力学原理设计而成。近年来因其出色的生物相容性和力学特性,被较多的应用于膝关节前交叉韧带损伤后的重建。 前交叉韧带重建：前交叉韧带是维持膝关节稳定的重要结构,整个韧带的纤维束从股骨向胫骨近似扇形散开,内部纤维束以特定的排列方式从前向后分布。目前大多数学者主张将前交叉韧带分为2束,根据其在胫骨附着的相对位置分为前内侧束及后外侧束。由于膝关节前交叉韧带自身的解剖学特性,其完全断裂后无法自行修复,若不及时进行手术治疗往往造成半月板及关节软骨的损伤,因此如果诊断明确,应及早行前交叉韧带重建,用新的移植物替代损伤的前交叉韧带。 背景：虽然目前重建前交叉韧带的移植物选择包括自体移植物、同种异体移植物和人工合成移植物3种主要类型,但移植物的选择仍是当今的热门研究以及争议点的所在。 目的：综述LARS韧带在关节镜下前交叉韧带重建中的早期、中期以及长期临床疗效的国内外研究现状。 方法：应用计算机检索CNKI数据库、PubMed数据库的2019年4月前发表的相关文献,检索词为“LARS韧带,前交叉韧带,人工韧带,前交叉韧带重建,LARS ligament,anterior cruciate ligament,artificial ligament,anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction”。通过阅读文章标题和摘要进行初步筛选,排除与文章主题不相关的文献,根据纳入和排除标准最终纳入46篇文献进行综述。 结果与结论：①LARS韧带拥有出色的生物相容性和力学特性,它的独特结构使成纤维细胞包裹、穿透似生长,且韧带周围没有炎性反应,巨噬细胞少,由于长入的组织增加了韧带的黏弹性且减少了纤维间的摩擦,可有效防止碎屑引起的生物反应;LARS人工韧带弹性模量好,抗扭转、抗疲劳性强;②LARS韧带重建前交叉韧带具有快速康复、低失败率和低并发症等优点,表明LARS韧带适用于前交叉韧带重建。 ORCID: 0000-0001-7923-9839(陈伟) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

前交叉韧带侧向刚度在线测量系统研制及其对前交叉韧带重建效果的影响

前交叉韧带重建张力的设置主要依靠外科医生的经验。为提高膝关节恢复治疗中前交叉韧带重建后张力的有效性和适应性,本文建立具有松弛特性的侧向力学测量模型,设计前交叉韧带在线刚度测量系统,提出"术前检测,术中参考"的新方法。本文选取20个绵羊膝关节进行膝关节稳定性测试,分两组进行前外侧入路单束前交叉韧带重建对比实验,第一组手术医生常规流程进行术中检测;第二组使用前交叉韧带在线刚度测量系统在术中进行检测;之后对上述两组进行术后稳定性实验。研究结果表明,该测量系统测量的张力精度为(-2.3±0.04)%,位移误差为(1.5±1.8)%,术后对两组进行前向稳定性、内旋稳定性和外旋稳定性测试,结果均优于术前(P <0.05),但使用该系统的一组更接近术前膝关节测量指标,且与经验丰富的医生对比差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。最终,期待本文建立的该系统可以帮助临床医生判断手术过程中的前交叉韧带重建张力,有效提升手术效果。