知识管理与医院图书馆

本文具体从图书馆基本职能、图书馆进行知识管理的优势、图书馆发展的要求、图书馆与医院核心员工良好的沟通关系、图书馆对知识的传播、分配与共享的影响等方面探讨了医院图书馆实现知识管理的必要性和可行性。认为,进行知识管理是信息化社会的必然,是医院提高核心竞争力的需要,是学习型医院对图书馆发展的具体要求,也是医院图书馆自身发展的必然趋势。     

知识管理与医院文化

分析了医院知识管理现状,介绍了医院知识管理方法,阐明了知识管理是对知识集合、组织、共享、推进、应用、创新的过程,需要的良好的外部环境包括规划、技术、文化、测评。营造良好的医院文化,可推动医院知识管理的实施。     

知识类型的转化与医学科技创新

医学科技创新是医院赖以生存与发展的动力,医学科技创新的过程也是医学知识模式不断转换的过程,本文从知识模式转换的视角,探讨知识管理对医学创新和医学科技创新的意义与作用。     

THE WEIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE: TEACHERS AND STUDENTS AND DOCTORS AND PATIENTS

This paper examines one particular problem in medical education: the rapid accumulation of technical medical knowledge. It is suggested that this development contributes significantly to several major deficiencies in training for clinical practice: it encourages a passive learning model, it helps to undervalue consultation skills and it inappropriately increases the student's anxiety in “not knowing all the facts.” In addition, the emphasis on technical knowledge helps to narrow the focus of attention to technical details at the expense of essential information on the patient's relationships and environment. Knowledge will continue to accumulate; a number of suggestions are made to ameliorate some of the harmful effects of this accumulation on teaching and learning in medical school. They include more emphasis on the process of the consultation and on problem-solving skills learned experientially rather than mastery of facts. A further recommendation is made to re-evaluate what is the essential knowledge base so that greater weight is given to information about the patient's relationships, attitudes and beliefs. The paper concludes with an assessment of the major institutional constraints standing in the way of the educational reforms outlined and suggests some ways these could be overcome.     

UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE OF ALCOHOL AND DRINK STEREOTYPES

First year university students were surveyed about their knowledge of alcohol and its effects, their stereotypes of alcoholics and perceptions of drinkers according to the type of beverage they drink. Students held several myths about drinking and showed a poor knowledge of the way in which the body metabolizes alcohol. Stereotypes of alcoholics were generally favourable with alcoholism perceived as a disease from which a person could recover. Perceptions of those people who drank various popular forms of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages revealed stereotypes which parallel images promoted by the mass media. The influence of the media in promoting certain images of drinkers is discussed.