原发性肝细胞肝癌微血管侵犯的术前预测及其模型的建立

目的 全面探讨原发性肝细胞肝癌(HCC)微血管侵犯(MVI)的相关危险因素并构建预测模型.方法 分析2012年10月至2020年8月间南通大学附属医院肝胆外科二病区行肝癌切除术的病例,在术后病理诊断为HCC的病例中运用简单随机抽样方法抽选162例HCC患者的临床资料,其中术后病理提示60例患者伴有MVI、102例患者不...     

原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤多层螺旋计算机断层扫描影像学特征及临床价值

目的探讨原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤多层螺旋计算机断层扫描(CT)表现及临床价值。方法选取2013年4月至2014年12月间收治的60例原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤患者。其中胃部原发性淋巴瘤患者35例,肠道淋巴瘤患者25例;黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤患者20例,其他病理类型40例。比较胃部原发性淋巴瘤、肠道淋巴瘤、MALT和其他类型淋巴瘤的病变厚度、平扫CT值和增强CT值。结果胃部原发性淋巴瘤病变厚度、平均CT值和增强CT值分别为(0.45±1.89)cm、(52.0±3.7)HU和(88.3±8.9)HU,肠道原发性淋巴瘤分别为(1.72±0.96)cm、(38.6±6.2)HU和(62.9±11.1)HU,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。MALT淋巴瘤病变厚度、平均CT值和增强CT值分别为(0.68±0.34)cm、(32.0±3.4)HU和(98.3±8.2)HU,其他病理类型分别为(1.45±0.56)cm、(51.3±6.3)HU和(76.2±7.4)HU,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤在不同发病部位和不同病理类型间多层螺旋CT表现有显著差异,多层螺旋CT在原发性胃肠道淋巴瘤检测方面效果明显,值得临床应用推广。     

基于T1 mapping技术的定量参数评估肝细胞肝癌微血管侵犯的研究

目的:探讨基于T1 mapping技术的定量参数在预测肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)微血管侵犯(microvascular invasion, MVI)的价值。方法:回顾性分析34例接受肝脏特异性对比剂钆塞酸二钠(Gd-EOB-DTPA)增强MRI检查且术后病理及免疫组化证实为HCC患者的临床及磁共振影像资料,根据MVI状态分为MVI阳性组(21例)及MVI阴性组(13例)。所有患者均行平扫期及平衡期的T1 mapping成像,测量肿瘤实质部分、肿瘤整体、瘤周1 cm以及正常肝实质背景的T1弛豫时间,结合红细胞压积水平,计算肿瘤实质及肿瘤整体的细胞外容积分数(ECV)。比较MVI两组之间各T1弛豫时间及ECV定量参数之间的差异,采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic, ROC)曲线评价各变量的诊断效能,并计算截断值、敏感度、特异度及曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)。结果：MVI阳性组与MVI阴性组间在瘤周1 cm增强前T1弛豫时间、肿瘤实质ECV和肿瘤整体ECV上差异有统计学...     

多层螺旋计算机断层扫描在胃肠道间质瘤危险度分级中的诊断价值分析

目的 探讨多层螺旋计算机断层扫描(MSCT)在胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)危险度分级中的价值。方法 回顾性分析鹤壁市中医院2017年1月至2019年1月收治的经术后病理证实为GIST的患者124例,根据病理结果进行危险度分级,并分析GIST危险度分级与MSCT征象的关系。结果 124例GIST中术后病理结果示极低和低度危险为50例(40.32%)、中度危险22例(17.74%)、高度危险52例(41.94%)。GIST危险度分级与发病部位、瘤体直径、瘤体形态、生长方式、强化方式、是否液化有关(χ²=19.260,P<0.001;χ²=41.231,P<0.001;χ²=36.563,P<0.001;χ²=6.213,P=0.006;χ²=17.981,P<0.001;χ²=9.012,P<0.001)。结论 MSCT征象改变有助于评估GIST危险度分级。     

多层螺旋计算机断层扫描薄层增强三期扫描对小肝癌患者的诊断作用

目的分析多层螺旋计算机断层扫描(CT)薄层增强三期扫描对小肝癌患者的诊断作用。方法回顾性分析秦皇岛市第四医院2013年6月至2014年5月间收治的83例经病理证实的小肝癌患者的临床资料,总结多层螺旋CT薄层增强三期(动脉期、门脉期和延迟期)增强扫描结果。结果 83例患者中经病理证实病灶89个,病灶直径0.8~2.9 cm,单个癌结节77例,2个癌结节6例;动脉期、门脉期和延迟期的检出率分别为82.0%(73/89)、80.9%(72/89)和86.5%(77/89),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而三期综合检查率最高,为97.8%(87/89),与3期检出率进行两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论多层螺旋CT薄层增强三期扫描对小肝癌患者的诊断作用肯定,延迟期检出率相对较高,综合多层螺旋CT薄层增强三期扫描可显著提高诊断能力。     

肝癌合并微血管侵犯的相关因素分析北大核心

目的:探讨肝癌合并微血管侵犯(microvascular invasion,MVI)的临床危险因素,为肝癌术前预测、诊断治疗以及判断预后提供依据。方法:回顾性分析165例确诊为肝癌患者的临床、影像以及病例资料,依据术后病理报告有无微血管侵犯分为MVI阳性组(42例)和MVI阴性组(123例)。比较分析两组间年龄、性别、乙型肝炎病毒感染情况、甲胎蛋白(alpha fetoprotein,AFP)水平(AFP>400 ng/mL、AFP≤400 ng/mL)、肝功能指标、肿瘤大小(>5 cm、≤5 cm)、肿瘤数目、包膜是否完整、有无瘤内动脉形成、肿瘤边缘是否光滑、有无瘤内组织坏死以及肿瘤分化程度与MVI形成的关系。结果:单因素分析结果显示,MVI阳性组与MVI阴性组相比,AFP水平、白蛋白水平、肿瘤最大直径、存在瘤内动脉以及瘤内坏死有统计学差异(P<0.05)。将其纳入多因素Logistic回归分析,两组间AFP水平、肿瘤最大直径、存在瘤内动脉以及瘤内坏死有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:AFP水平、肿瘤最大直径、存在瘤内动脉以及瘤内坏死是MVI发生的独立危险因素。     

多层螺旋CT在直肠癌术前分期中的诊断价值

背景与目的:直肠癌术前分期对选择合理治疗方案和判断预后至关重要。传统的计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)对直肠癌术前分期存在争议,本研究旨在探讨多层螺旋CT(multislice spiral CT,MSCT)对直肠癌术前分期的诊断价值。方法:中山大学肿瘤防治中心2006年3月至2007年2月,经病理证实的直肠癌患者87例,所有患者术前行MSCT平扫及增强扫描,由两位放射科医生独立评价肿瘤的部位、大小、侵犯范围(T)、淋巴结转移(N)及远处转移(M)情况,做出诊断及TNM分期,并与术后病理对照,评价准确性、灵敏度及特异度。结果:MSCT检出了全部87例直肠癌,对直肠癌TNM分期总的准确性为81.6%(71/87)。T、N、M期准确性分别为94.3%(82/87)、82.8%(72/87)、98.9%(86/87)。≤T2、T3、T4期灵敏度分别为90.5%、91.3%、97.7%,特异度分别为98.5%、94.2%、97.7%。N0、N1、N2期灵敏度分别为92.9%、72.0%、82.4%,特异度分别为88.9%、88.5%、91.7%。远处转移的患者仅1例因肝脏转移灶<5mm而漏诊。结论:MSCT能较准确地判断直肠癌的侵犯范围、淋巴结转移及远处转移,是非常有价值的术前分期方法。     

Deep learning radiomics based on contrast enhanced computed tomography predicts microvascular invasion and survival outcome in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma

ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of a deep learning (DL)-based radiomics strategy on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) to predict microvascular invasion (MVI) status and clinical outcomes, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving surgical resection.MethodsAll 283 eligible patients were included retrospectively between January 2008 and December 2015, and assigned into the training cohort (n = 198) and the testing cohort (n = 85). We extracted radiomics features via handcrafted radiomics analysis manually and DL analysis of pretrained convolutional neural networks via transfer learning automatically. Support vector machine was adopted as the classifier. A clinical-radiological model for MVI status integrated significant clinical features and the radiological signature generated from the radiological model with the optimal area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) in the testing cohort. Otherwise, DL-based prognostic models were constructed in prediction of recurrence and mortality via Cox proportional hazard analysis.ResultsThe clinical-radiological model for MVI represented an AUC of 0.909, accuracy of 96.47%, sensitivity of 90.91%, specificity of 97.30%, positive predictive value of 83.33%, and negative predictive value of 98.63% in the testing cohort. The clinical-radiological models for identification of RFS and OS outperformed prediction performance of the clinical model or the DL signature alone. The DL-based integrated model for prognostication showed great predictive value with significant classification and discrimination abilities after validation.ConclusionsThe integrated DL-based radiomics models achieved accurate preoperative prediction of MVI status, and might facilitate predicting tumor recurrence and mortality in order to optimize clinical decisions for patients with early stage HCC.     

术前预测肝细胞癌微血管侵犯的研究进展

肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC）防治是世界范围内的重要公共卫生问题,目前,手术是HCC治疗的主要方式,而复发转移是提高HCC患者生存率的主要障碍。微血管侵犯(microvascular invasion, MVI)是肝血管内微转移的癌细胞栓子,与HCC术后复发转移及不良预后密切相关。目前MVI仅能通过术后病理检查确认,而术前预测MVI有助于HCC患者的精准治疗、提高患者生存率及筛选最佳肝移植受者。本文强调了术前预测MVI对HCC患者精准治疗的重要性,总结了影像学特征、常规血清蛋白标志物、新型分子标志物在预测MVI中的最新进展,以及多指标联合模型对MVI的预测能力,并评估了液体活检在MVI预测方面的巨大潜力。      

多层螺旋CT及相关肿瘤标志物水平检测对肝细胞癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)多层螺旋CT(MSCT)影像特点及肿瘤标志物水平变化.方法:以本院2013年3月至2016年3月就诊的115例肝脏病变患者为研究对象,病理证实肝细胞癌60例,良性病变55例.所有患者均接受MSCT检查及血清高尔基体蛋白73(GP73)、磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖3(GPC3)水平检测,观察HCC患者CT表现,以病理结果为金标准,分析MSCT诊断肝细胞癌敏感度、特异度及准确度,同时比较良恶性病变血清GP73、GPC3水平及其阳性检出率.结果:HCC患者血清GP73、GPC3水平均显著高于良性病变(P<0.05),血清GP73、GPC3单独及联合检测阳性检出率均显著高于良性病变(P<0.05).MSCT平扫图像多为低密度,增强扫描动脉期多为高密度影,门脉期多为低密度影或以低密度影为主,延迟期多为低密度影.MSCT对HCC诊断敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为85.00%、90.91%、87.83%.结论:MSCT对HCC特征清晰显示,诊断准确率较高,血清GP73、GPC3也可作为HCC诊断重要辅助手段,两者联合检测能有效提高HCC阳性检出率.     

Prediction of microvascular invasion before curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: The accurate staging of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is important in establishing treatment strategies and prognosis. Among tumor factors, microvascular invasion, one of TNM staging components and prognostic factors, is underestimated preoperatively, due to inaccuracy of imaging modalities. We investigated preoperative predictors of microvascular invasion. METHODS: We reviewed 190 consecutive HCC patients given curative resection from 1999 to 2006. All were treatment-naive and monitored every 3 months after resection. Tumor recurrence, survivals, and clinicopathological factors associated with microvascular invasion were analyzed. RESULTS: The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 39.4%(median follow-up duration: 35 months). On resection pathology, 38.9% (74/190 patients) had microvascular invasion undetected preoperatively, using liver spiral computed tomography (CT) or angiography. Independent predictors of microvascular invasion were tumor size (P = 0.043), number (P = 0.011), and Edmondson grade (P = 0.001). Patients with Edmondson grade 1 and size <5 cm had no microvascular invasion, while those with grade > or =2 had higher incidences (7/18 patients, 38.8%) even in small tumor (<2 cm). When tumors recurred, presence of microvascular invasion independently increased incidences of multiple tumors, portal vein invasion, and diffuse-infiltrative patterns significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative predictors of microvascular invasion are tumor size, number, and Edmondson grade, which may be useful for making clinical decisions in both non-surgical and surgical candidates.     

超声内镜与多层螺旋CT诊断胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤的价值

目的:探讨超声内镜(EUS)与多层螺旋CT(MSCT)诊断胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤(pNENs)的价值.方法:回顾性分析2012年至2016年43例均行EUS和MSCT检查并经组织病理学确诊为pNENs患者的临床、影像和病理资料,比较EUS和MSCT对pNENs的检出率和敏感性,并分析EUS和MSCT在肿瘤最大径≥2 cm或<2 cm、功能性或无功能性pNENs诊断中是否存在差异.结果:43例经组织病理学确诊的pNENs中,男23例、女20例,年龄(57.2±13.6)岁(28~75岁),肿瘤最大径(2.6±2.1) cm(0.6~7.3 cm),其中19例≥2 cm、24例<2 cm,功能性pNENs 26例、非功能性pNENs 17例.总体而言,EUS和MSCT检出率分别为90.7%(39/43)和69.8%(30/43),差异具有统计学意义(P=0.015);EUS和MSCT敏感性分别为71.8%(28/39)和73.3%(22/30),差异无统计学意义(P=0.887).按肿瘤最大径不同比较:EUS和MSCT对肿瘤最大径≥2 cm pNENs的检出率分别为100%(19/19)和100%(19/19),差异无统计学意义(P=1.000);敏感性分别为73.7%(14/19)和78.9%(15/19),差异无统计学意义(P=0.703).EUS和MSCT对肿瘤最大径<2 cm pNENs的检出率分别为83.3%(20/24)和45.8%(11/24),差异具有统计学意义(P=0.007);敏感性分别为70.0%(14/20)和63.6%(7/11),差异无统计学意义(P=0.717).按肿瘤有无功能比较:EUS和MSCT对功能性pNENs的检出率分别为88.5%(23/26)和53.8%(14/26),差异有统计学意义(P=0.006);敏感性分别为73.9%(17/23)和64.3%(9/14),差异无统计学意义(P=0.534).EUS和MSCT对非功能性pNENs的检出率分别为94.1%(16/17)和94.1%(16/17),差异无统计学意义(P=1.000);敏感性分别为68.8%(11/16)和81.3%(13/16),差异无统计学意义(P=0.414).结论:MSCT对直径≥2 cm 的pNENs检出率和敏感性较好,但对直径<2 cm的pNENs检出率和敏感性较低,有必要联合EUS检查.     

Liver‐intestine cadherin predicts microvascular invasion and poor prognosis of hepatitis B virus‐positive hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND:

Liver‐intestine cadherin (LI‐cadherin; CDH‐17) is a new member of the cadherin superfamily with distinct structural and functional features. The study was designed to investigate the role of LI‐cadherin in tumor invasion and prognosis of human hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODS:

LI‐cadherin expression in HBV‐positive hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines with low‐ and high‐invasive potentials was evaluated by Western‐blot, immunofluorescence, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. The role of LI‐cadherin in tumor invasion was also evaluated in vitro by a small‐interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)‐mediated approach. The prognostic significance of LI‐cadherin was validated in a cohort of HBV‐positive HCC patients by immunohistochemistry and Western‐blot.

RESULTS:

Significant high levels of LI‐cadherin mRNA and protein were found in the high‐invasive HCCLM3 as compared with those in low‐invasive PLC/PRF/5 and Hep3B cell line. Cell migration, adhesion to extracellular matrix, and matrigel invasion were significantly reduced after LI‐cadherin knockdown in HCCLM3 cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of 255 HBV‐positive HCC cases showed that overexpression of LI‐cadherin was well correlated with microvascular invasion, which was confirmed by Western‐blot in 32 tumor tissues, and its overexpression was strongly associated with shorter overall survival as well as higher incidence of tumor recurrence.

CONCLUSIONS:

LI‐cadherin is predictive of microvascular invasion and poor prognosis of HBV‐positive HCC, and would be a potential useful intervention target for HCC. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.     

多层螺旋CT三维重建对胃癌术前分期的价值

目的:通过对胃癌患者实施多层螺旋CT（multi-slice spiral computed tomography,MSCT）及三维重建后进行术前分期,评价其准确性及对胃癌治疗方式选择的价值。方法:2010年8月-2011年10月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院胃肠、营养外科住院,并经术前胃镜及病理检查确诊的胃癌患者64例。全部患者在术前一周内进行64层螺旋CT平扫及双期增强扫描,将获得的扫描影像数据以1.0 mm薄层重建后传至后期工作站。由2名从事腹部CT工作5年以上的高年资影像科医生应用工作站软件对图像作多平面重建（multi-planar reformations,MpR)。再由1名从事腹部CT工作5年以上的高年资影像科医生和1名高年资胃肠外科医生在不明了胃镜结果的情况下在PACS上通过协商读片,分别分析MSCT横断位及MpR图像。对照手术后的病理结果,计算MSCT横断位和MpR图像对胃癌的检出率和T、N分期的准确性;比较MSCT横断位和MpR图像对胃癌T、N分期准确性。结果:对原发胃癌病灶的检出率,MSCT横断图像和MpR图像分别是90.63%(58/64)和95.31%(61/64)。与组织病理学分期比较,依据MpR图像的T分期准确率为85.25%(52/61),高于依据MSCT横断位图像的65.57%(40/61)(P=0.012);而MpR图像的N分期准确率为73.77%(45/61),与MSCT横断位图像的67.21%(41/61)比较,其差异无统计学意义(P=0.427)。结论:MSCT横断位结合MpR图像能更清晰显示肿瘤形态、大小以及与邻近结构的关系,能较为全面和准确地观察胃癌淋巴结的位置、大小及数量,更好地进行术前分期,有助于胃癌治疗方式的选择。