High prevalence of genital human papillomavirus type 52 and 58 infection in women attending gynecologic practitioners in South Taiwan

BACKGROUND: We attempted to determine the prevalence of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women attending gynecologic practitioners in South Taiwan. METHODS: The population included 4383 women aged 16-78 seeking HPV testing at primary gynecologic practitioners regardless of their cervical cytology results. HPV DNA was identified from cervical swabs using semi-nested polymerase chain reaction with MY11, MY09/HMB01, and MY11/bioGP6+ primers. Genotyping for high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) was done separately by a HR-HPV chip, which contained 13 type-specific oligonucleotides on a nylon membrane. RESULTS: The overall HPV prevalence was 19.3% (849/4383), 11.1% (488/4383) were confirmed as HR-HPV positive. Among the women with HR-HPV infection, HPV-16 was the most prevalent type (22.1%; 108/488), followed by HPV-52 (21.3%; 104/488), and HPV-58 (19.9%; 97/488). Multiple infections were detected in 73 women (15.0%; 73/488). For women with age 30 or younger, the overall HPV and HR-HPV prevalence were 32.0% and 20.7%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of women age older than 30 (17.2% and 9.5%, P < 0.001). More multiple infections (22.1% vs. 12.4%) were also found in women with age 30 or younger (P = 0.021). However, the relative contribution of types to the overall HR-HPV positive among different age groups remains the same. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed an HPV prevalence that is similar compared with worldwide levels. HPV prevalence and multiple infections rate were decreasing across the age groups. Unlike most previous studies, the relative high prevalence of HPV 52 and 58 among South Taiwan women has important implications in vaccine prophylaxis.     

22234例子宫颈高危型HPV感染及亚型分布研究

目的:分析17种型别的高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)在22234例子宫颈癌筛查中的感染率及亚型分布特点。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月1日至2019年1月1日22234例于华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院行子宫颈癌筛查患者高危型HPV感染率及感染亚型。结果:22234例接受子宫颈癌筛查患者中,一种或以上高危型HPV阳性者3574例(16.1%),其中HPV16或(和)HPV18阳性者703例(3.2%)。在3574例高危型HPV阳性女性中,最常见的高危HPV感染是HPV52(24.4%),其次为HPV58(16.5%)、HPV16(14.0%)、HPV53(12.6%)和HPV39(8.6%)。与HPV16阴性患者相比,在HPV16阳性的患者中,除HPV31、HPV35、HPV45、HPV26和HPV82以外的12种高危型HPV的感染风险均显著降低约2~5倍(OR 0.169~0.530,P<0.05);与HPV18阴性患者相比,HPV18阳性的患者中HPV16、HPV33、HPV39、HPV51、HPV52、HPV58和HPV53的感染风险均显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:女性高危型HPV感染率较高,最常见的高危型HPV是HPV52和HPV58感染,并且HPV16、18感染对多个其他型别高危型HPV感染有保护作用。     

西藏自治区妇女子宫颈人乳头状瘤病毒感染现状调查及相关因素分析

目的 了解我国西藏自治区妇女宫颈人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染率和亚刑分布及与HPV感染相关的因素.方法 于2007年8月,采用整群抽样的方法对西藏自治区拉萨、日喀则和那曲3个地区的3036例妇女进行流行病学问卷调查和HPV DNA分型检测,并对与HPV感染相关的因素进行单因素及多因素分析.结果 3036例妇女中,HPV感染患者为279例,总感染率为9.19%(279/3036),其中高危型HPV、低危刑HPV和HPV复合感染率分别为7.05%(214/3036)、2.14%(65/3036)和1.32%(40/3036);不同年龄、民族、地区妇女间HPV感染率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).HPV感染的亚型中,HPV16(1.52%)最常见,其次为HPV33(1.42%)、58(1.22%)、52(1.15%)和31(1.05%);不同年龄妇女巾,HPV感染的亚型分布也略有不同.单因素分析显示,婚姻状态、初次性生活年龄和妊娠次数为影响HPV感染的危险因素(P<0.05).多凶素分析表明,吸烟(P=0.027)、性伴侣数(P=0.198)和初次性生活年龄(P=0.237)为影响HPV感染的独立危险因素.结论 两藏自治区妇女官颈HPV感染率低于国内外平均水平,其最常见的亚型为HPV16.影响HPV感染的独立危险因素为吸烟、性伴俏数和初次性牛活年龄.     

心肌炎所致小儿完全性房室传导阻滞17例临床分析

目的分析感染性心肌炎所致小儿完全性房室传导阻滞(CAVB)的临床特点及治疗，以提高对该病的认识。 方法对1984-08—2005-03上海市交通大学附属儿童医院收治的感染性心肌炎所致CAVB17例进行回顾性分析。 结果17例CAVB患儿出现阿斯综合征者8例，心功能不全者5例。17例胸片检查心影增大13例。13例心脏超声检查示均有左心室增大。心电图示平均心室率为(528±104)/min。急重症心肌炎6例，均予甲基泼尼松龙静脉冲击和营养心肌治疗，3例安置临时起搏器进行治疗;其余患儿都以改善传导、增快心室率药物治疗。治愈6例，好转5例，仍为CAVB 5例，死亡1例。 结论急重症心肌炎发生CAVB可以是致命的，如果能早期诊断、及时应用大剂量肾上腺皮质激素及给予急诊临时起搏器处理，将会取得较好的预后。在随访心肌炎所致房室传导阻滞患儿时，如并有束支传导阻滞者、QRS波增宽、结性逸搏时要高度警惕其可能进展为CAVB。     

徐州地区宫颈癌患者人乳头瘤病毒基因型检测分析

目的：通过对宫颈癌患者人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）基因检测分析,了解徐州地区宫颈癌ＨＰＶ感染情况及ＨＰＶ感染与宫颈癌临床生物学行为之间的关系。方法：采用核酸分子杂交系统对１４２例宫颈癌患者行ＨＰＶ分型检测,并统计分析。结果：①１４２例宫颈癌患者中,１３６例ＨＰＶ阳性,ＨＰＶ感染率９５．７８％。其中单一感染１１７例（８６．０３％）,多重感染１９例（１３．９７％）,两者感染率差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。②共检测出１３种基因型：单一感染８种,由高到低依次为ＨＰＶ１６（６６．１８％）、１８（６．６２％）、３１（５．８８％）、５８（２．２１％）、４５（２．２１％）、３３（１．４７％）、６（０．７４％）和ＣＰ８３０４（０．７４％）。而ＨＰＶ６８（２．９４％）、５２（２．２１％）、６６（１．４７％）、３９（０．７４％）、１１（０．７４％）仅出现在多重感染中。ＨＰＶ１６总感染率为７７．９４％,明显高于其他各型（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而ＨＰＶ１８总感染率７．３５％与ＨＰＶ３１、５８、３３相比差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。③ＨＰＶ感染率在宫颈癌各临床分期、组织病理学分级间差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。④ＨＰＶ多重感染与宫颈癌临床分期间无确定关系,但随着病理分级的加重呈降低的趋势。结论：徐州地区宫颈癌患者以ＨＰＶ单一感染为主,主要为ＨＰＶ１６,其次为ＨＰＶ１８、３１、５８;未发现多重感染增加宫颈癌的发生风险;ＨＰＶ感染不影响宫颈癌的进展及肿瘤细胞的分化。     

Increased frequency of genital human papillomavirus infection in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive Taiwanese women.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with increased incidence and severity of HPV-related cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer in women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study examined the incidence of genital HPV infection in HIV-infected Taiwanese women and its relationship with cervical neoplasia. METHODS: This hospital-based, case-control study enrolled 31 consecutive HIV-seropositive women and 124 age-matched women who were free from HIV infection. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to distinguish high-risk (types 16, 18, 31, 33, 52 and 58) and low-risk HPV (types 6 and 11). The occurrence of genital HPV infection was compared between women with and without HIV infection. In addition, CD4 lymphocyte counts were determined by flow cytometry and Papanicolaou test was done in women with HIV infection. RESULTS: HPV and Papanicolaou test were done soon after the diagnosis of HIV infection. HIV seropositive women had a significantly greater high-risk HPV infection rate (48.4%; 15/31) than women without HIV infection (20.2%; 25/124; odds ratio, 3.71; p = 0.001). However, the prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was similar between women with and without HIV infection. The CD4 lymphocyte counts in HIV-seropositive women were similar between those with and without genital HPV infection. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of genital HPV infection was significantly increased in HIV-infected women. Due to the association between high-risk HPV infection and the development of cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer, regular follow-up of Papanicolaou test is necessary in these women.     

2006-2008年北京地区25～54岁育龄妇女HPV亚型感染状况的调查

目的 调查北京地区25～54岁育龄妇女生殖道HPV亚型的感染状况.方法 从2006年9月-2008年12月,对在北京城市和乡镇居住的5552例妇女以每5岁为一个年龄段进行了 以人群为基础的横断面抽样调查,主要进行流行病学问卷调查、宫颈脱落细胞涂片液基薄层细胞学检查(TCT)和基因芯片HPV亚型检测.结果 HPV总感染率为6.68%(371/5552),高危型HPV感染率为5.76%(320/5552),低危型HPV感染率为2.00%(111/5552).常见的HPV亚型为16型(2.61%,145/5552)、58型(0.97%,54/5552)、33型(0.85%,47/5552)、43型(0.74%,41/5552)和56型(0.70%,39/5552).人群感染高峰年龄段为30～34岁(8.21%,82/999)和40～44岁(7.48%,86/1150).结论 北京地区妇女常见HPV亚型为高危型16、58、33型及低危型43型,并且存在两个年龄段感染高峰.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate subtype of HPV infection among women at age of 25 to 54 years in Beijing. Methods From Sept. 2006 to Dec. 2008, 5552 reproductive women at age of 25 to 54 years classified into each 5-year as group were screened. Each participant completed a questionnaire and a sample of exfoliated cervical cells for liquid-based cytology and HPV subtype gene testing was performed.Results The overall prevalence of HPV was 6.68% (371/5552). High-risk HPV and Low-risk HPV prevalence were 5.76% (320/5552) and 2.00% (111/5552), respectively. The most common HPV types were HPV16 (2.61%, 145/5552), HPV58 (0. 97%, 54/5552), HPV33 (0.85%, 47/5552), HPV43 (0.74% ,41/5552) and HPV56(0.70% ,39/5552). There were two peaks of HPV prevalence: groups of 30 -34 years and 40 -44 years. Conclusion The most common HPV subtypes in Beijing were HPV 16,58, 33 and 43 and HPV prevalence showed a bi-medal age-specific curve.     

The distribution and differential risks of human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical preinvasive lesions: a Taiwan Cooperative Oncologic Group Study

To clarify the distribution and relative risk of different human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in cervical preinvasive lesions, 1246 women with abnormal Papanicolaou smear including atypical squamous cell of unknown significance (ASCUS), atypical glandular cell of unknown significance (AGUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) were enrolled in a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Colposcopy and HPV tests with hybrid capture 2 and polymerase chain reaction-reverse line blot were performed. The prevalences of HPV in ASCUS/AGUS-negative histology, ASCUS/AGUS, LSIL, HSIL, and invasive cancer were 33.8%, 38.3%, 74.9%, 84.3% and 100%, respectively, with an overall positive rate of 68.8%. The most common HPV types were HPV 16 (18.5%), 52 (16.5%), 58 (13.2%), 33, 51, 53, 18, 39, 59, 66, MM8, and 31. In comparing the relative risk of HPV infection in different disease status, LSIL and HSIL/carcinoma had a 4.64 (95% CI: 2.98-7.24) and 10.53 (95% CI: 6.69-16.58) folds of risk of high-risk HPV infection than the negative group. The same was true in mixed HPV infection, but not in low-risk type infection. Looking into each high-risk HPV type, the relative infection risks for LSIL and HSIL/carcinoma, in comparison with the negative group, were 1.67 (0.63-4.43) and 8.67 (3.46-21.70), 2017 (1.01-4.68) and 3.04 (1.42-6.47), and 1.40 (0.52-3.77) and 5.22 (2.07-13.19) for HPV type 16, 52 and 58, respectively. The study confirmed the high prevalence and risky nature of HPV 52 and 58 in Taiwanese population and conveyed the need to include these HPV types in vaccine development.     

Prevalent characteristics of human papillomavirus infection in 29,508 women in Jinshan District,Shanghai

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in 29,508 female cases in Jinshan District, Shanghai.Materials and methodsThe current research represents a retrospective study that included 29,508 women who received cervical screening in the Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital from 2010 to 2020. The overall prevalence, distribution types, age-specific prevalence and annual trends were analysed.ResultsThe overall HPV infection rate among the patients was 21.97%. They were primarily high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infections (20.30%) and single HPV infections (15.91%). A general decline in HPV and HR-HPV prevalence was observed with time from 33.52% to 25.45% in 2011 to 21.47% and 20.18% in 2020. The most common HPV genotypes were HPV52, HPV16, HPV58, HPV51, HPV53 and HPV68. The infection rates of HPV genotypes, including HPV6, HPV11, HPV16, HPV18, HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, HPV39, HPV42, HPV43, HPV66 and HPV68, showed overall declines across different years. The age-specific prevalence of total HPV and HR-HPV infections formed an approximate U-shaped curve with two peaks, one in the ≥55 age group (29.75%, 28.43%) and the other in the <25 age group (22.93%, 20.85%). Both total HPV and HR-HPV infection rates decreased to their lowest in the 25–34-year age groups.ConclusionsThe prevalence of HPV infections showed a downward tendency with time. Single HPV genotype infections and HR-HPV infections were predominantly detected. The after prevalent characteristics of HPV can help to guide HPV vaccinations and cervical cancer screenings: 1) non-HPV16/HPV18 H R-HPV genotypes were prevalent;2) non-vaccine-covered HPV53, HPV51 and HPV68 were also prevalent; 3) women above the age of 55 years had the highest HPV and HR-HPV infection rates.     

Prevalence and type distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus infections among women in Wufeng County, China

Objective

The aim of this survey was to assess the prevalence and type distribution of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among women in Wufeng County of Hubei province, where the cervical cancer mortality rate is the highest in China Cervical.

Methods

DNA samples were collected from 1,100 women, then screened and quantified by a multi-fluorescent, quantitative real-time PCR assay. The cervical DNA samples were then re-typed by real-time PCR using seven-pair primers of high-risk (HR) HPVs designed to detect types 16, 31, 18/45, 33, 52, 58, and 67.

Results

The overall prevalence of HR HPVs was 11.14?% (95?% CI, 9.74?C13.72?%) in Wufeng County, which was not statistically different between Tu (12.17?%; 95?% CI, 10.03?C12.34?%) and Han nationality (8.95?%; 95?% CI, 3.55?C14.35?%). Among different types of HPV, HPV 16 was the most frequently detected genotype, followed by HPV 52, 58, 18/45, and 31. The most prevalent types of HR HPV in Tu nationality were HPV 16, 52, and 58, and the most prevalent types of HR HPV in Han nationality were HPV 16, 33, and 18/45. The overall prevalence of HPV was highest in the 20?C24?year age group (21.43?%; 95?% CI, 17.56?C25.30?%) and the prevalence of HR HPV was associated with education.

Conclusions

HPV 16, 52, and 58 are common genotypes in Wufeng County, and support the hypothesis that second-generation HPV prophylactic vaccines, including HPV 52 and 58, may offer higher protection for women in China and other areas of Asia. The findings of this study contribute to preventive and screening measures in clinical practice.     

HPV亚型在宫颈疾病中的分布特点

目的:探讨HPV亚型在宫颈疾病谱中,即从正常宫颈(慢性宫颈炎)、宫颈上皮内瘤变(CINⅠ、CINⅡ和CINⅢ)到宫颈癌连续发展中的分布特点。方法:回顾分析2005年6月～2008年6月在我院妇科因宫颈疾病就诊的189例患者HPV亚型检测的结果。结果:HPV总感染率56.1%(106/189),复合感染率22.6%(24/106)。正常者HPV感染率19.1%(12/63),检测到的HPV亚型主要是HPV52,58,53,16和33。CINⅠ者HPV感染率57.9%(22/38),最常见的HPV亚型是HPV52,其次是HPV58,16,33和18。CINⅡ者HPV感染率70.5%(31/44),HPV52,16,58,33和18等亚型最常见。CINⅢ者HPV感染率89.3%(25/28),HPV亚型以HPV16,52,58,31,33为主。宫颈癌患者,HPV阳性率100%(16/16),HPV16检测率最高,其次是HPV18,52,58和33。结论:宫颈疾病谱中最常见的高危型HPV亚型是HPV16。不同宫颈病变中HPV亚型感染的差异可能反映了其潜在转归能力,同时提示临床医师应关注宫颈疾病患者高危HPV亚型情况。     

TCT联合高危型HPV基因检测在绝经后妇女宫颈上皮内瘤变筛查的价值评估

目的:评价宫颈薄层液基细胞检测(TCT)联合高危型HPV基因分型检测在绝经后妇女宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)筛查的价值。方法:选取TCT检查结果异常,包括意义不明不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)、低度鳞状上皮内瘤变(LSIL)、高度鳞状上皮内瘤变(HSIL)和鳞状上皮癌(SCC)的163例绝经后妇女为研究对象,荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)法检测高危型人乳头状瘤病毒(HR-HPV16、18、31、33、45、52、56、58)分型,并以阴道镜下宫颈活检病理学诊断作为诊断金标准进行对比研究。结果:①不同年龄段绝经妇女TCT结果异常的类型构成比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②HPV分型检测阳性者80例,感染率49.1%,随着TCT检查宫颈病变级别的升高,HR-HPV感染率亦逐步增加,与低级别比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③163例TCT异常患者中,病理学诊断阳性51例(CINⅠ级24,CINⅡ级9例,CINⅢ级6例,宫颈浸润癌12例),阳性率31.3%(51/163)。随着TCT检查宫颈癌变级别的增高,宫颈组织病理学诊断阳性率逐步增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。④宫颈炎组中HR-HPV阳性40例,感染率35.71%,宫颈CIN阳性组中HR-HPV阳性29例,感染率74.4%(其中CIN I级70.8%,CIN II级77.8%,CIN III级83.3%),宫颈浸润癌组中HR-HPV阳性11例,感染率91.7%,随着宫颈病变病理级别的升高,HR-HPV感染率呈上升趋势(P<0.01)。⑤TCT联合HPV检测、单独HPV检测对CIN及宫颈癌筛查的敏感度均高于TCT检查,分别为96.1%、78.4%、66.7%(P<0.01)。TCT联合HPV分型检测、单独HPV检测对CIN及宫颈癌筛查的假阴性率低于TCT检测,有显著性统计学差异(P<0.01)。3种筛查方法的特异度、假阳性率比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:TCT联合高危型HPV基因分型检测在绝经后妇女宫颈上皮内瘤变筛查中具有重要意义。     

The prevalence and significance of high-risk human papillomavirus DNA test in southern Malaysia and Singapore

Aim of Study: To investigate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and its associated cytological abnormalities among women attending cervical screening clinics in southern Malaysia and Singapore.
Method: Laboratory results of Hybrid Capture-II (Digene) HPV DNA and liquid-based cytology tests of consecutive women who had screening performed between January 2004 and December 2006 were studied retrospectively.
Results: Of 2364 women studied, the overall prevalence of high-risk HPV DNA detection rate was 25.6%. The prevalence peaked at 49.1% for women between 20 and 24 years old and declined to 23% among women between the age of 30 and 49 years. A small second peak of prevalence rate of 30% was observed among women above the age of 50 years old. 76.1% of the high-risk HPV infection regressed within the study period. An incidence infection rate of 16% was noted among a small group of women who had a second HPV DNA test. A total of 1153 women had both the HPV DNA and the cytology tests. Cytological abnormality (ASCUS or more) was detected in 8.9% in HPV DNA-positive group and in 3.1% in HPV DNA-negative group ( P  < 0.001). The risk ratio for HSIL was 9.8 for HPV-positive women compared to HPV-negative women. The prevalence of cytological abnormalities increased with increasing age of the women.
Conclusion: The epidemiology and clinical impact of high-risk HPV infection for women in Southern Malaysia and Singapore were indistinguishable from experience elsewhere. The apparent moderately high incidence of cervical cancer was explainable by suboptimal screening program.     

Human papillomavirus genotyping using HPV DNA chip analysis in Korean women

This study was designed to investigate the genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Korean women who had abnormal cervical cytology and to evaluate the clinical accuracy of HPV DNA chip analysis for the diagnosis of cervical neoplasia. Liquid-based cytology preparations, HPV DNA chip analysis, and cervical biopsy were performed in 2358 women. High-risk HPV was identified in 23.5% of 1650 histologically confirmed normal samples (including cervicitis and squamous metaplasia) and in 81.8% of 708 samples with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and carcinoma (P<0.01). The major prevalent high-risk HPV genotypes in 381 samples of CIN II/III were HPV-16, -58, -33, and -31, in order of prevalence rate (average overall, 78.0%), and HPV-16, -18, -58, and -33 (average overall, 81.2%) in 133 samples of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The infection rate of HPV-16 was significantly higher than that of other high-risk HPV genotypes in all normal, CIN, and SCC cases (P < 0.01) and increased with more advanced squamous cervical lesions (P<0.01). The detection accuracy of high-risk HPV using HPV DNA chip analysis for CIN II or worse was as follows: sensitivity 84% (81-87%), specificity 72% (70-74%), positive predictive value 47% (44-50%), and negative predictive value 94% (92-95%). These results suggest that HPV DNA chip analysis may be a reliable diagnostic tool for the detection of cervical neoplasia and that there are geographic differences in the distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes.     

宫颈疾病HPV混合型感染的检测与分析

目的:探讨人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)混合型感染导流杂交法检测宫颈疾病的价值。方法:用导流杂交法,检测本地区304例妇女(其中宫颈癌组35例、宫颈上皮内瘤变组20例、炎症组140例和正常组109例)宫颈脱落细胞21种HPV基因亚型,分析各组患者HPV多重感染的特点。结果:304例标本中检出HPV阳性94例,包括混合型30例,HPV多重感染检出率在宫颈癌组、宫颈上皮内瘤变组、炎症组和正常组分别为34.3%、20.0%、7.1%和2.8%,各组HPV混合型感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=463.579,P<0.001);混合型感染中检出的HPV亚型由高到低依次为:HPV-16(19.2%)、HPV-52(13.7%)、HPV-58(12.3%)、HPV-18(8.2%)、HPV-11(6.8%)、HPV-6(6.8%)、HPV-31(5.5%)、HPV-33(5.5%)、HPV-66(5.5%)、HPV-39(4.1%)、HPV-53(4.1%)、HPV-68(4.1%)、HPV-56(1.4%)、HPV-59(1.4%)、CP8304(1.4%)。各疾病组检出的混合型HPV感染前3位HPV基因型均为高危型。结论:宫颈癌HPV多重感染率高,主要系高危HPV型感染所致;导流杂交法HPV混合型感染检测值得在宫颈疾病诊断中推广应用。     

宫颈癌及上皮内瘤变人乳头瘤病毒基因型的检测

目的:了解宫颈癌及上皮内瘤变人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染率及其基因型的分布。方法:用PCR-RFLP法检测239例宫颈癌及上皮内瘤变患者HPV感染并进行分型。先用PGMY09/11共同引物扩增生殖道粘膜型HPV L1区的高度保守区,然后联合使用RsaⅠ、MseⅠ、PstⅠ和HaeⅢ4个限制性内切酶对阳性PCR产物进行酶切,利用不同的酶切片段鉴定HPV的基因型。结果:在239例宫颈癌及上皮内瘤变患者中共检出205例(85·8%)HPV感染,其中宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅰ级(CINⅠ)、宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅱ~Ⅲ级(CINⅡ~Ⅲ)和宫颈癌中HPV感染率分别是66·7%,89·9%和98·3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0·001)。在宫颈癌及上皮内瘤变中共检出22型HPV,其中主要基因型及其感染率分别是HPV16(45·6%)、58(12·1%)和52(6·3%)。结论:宫颈癌及上皮内瘤变中HPV感染的基因型至少可达22型,其中以HPV16、58和52为最常见。     

导流杂交基因芯片技术在人乳头状瘤病毒检测中应用的研究

目的评价导流杂交基因芯片技术,即凯普导流杂交HPV DNA检测法（简称HybriMax）在女性生殖道人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）感染检测中的临床效用。初步探讨女性生殖道感染最常见的HPV基因型。方法从2004年6月—2005年5月在中日友好医院妇科行宫颈癌筛查的患者7520例中选取591例,包括宫颈细胞学检查正常者138例,异常者453例,并对异常者按组织病理学分为炎症组、宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）Ⅰ组、CINⅡ组、CINⅢ组、宫颈癌组和湿疣组。采用HybriMax方法对591名患者进行宫颈细胞21种HPV基因型分型检测,并对其中的413例同时采用第二代杂交捕获（HC-Ⅱ）试验行13种高危型HPV检测。另选取453例细胞学异常者中的101例患者的组织切片进行原位杂交HPV16、18检测。比较不同方法检测结果的一致性,计算用HybriMax法检测的各组患者不同HPV基因型的阳性率。结果HybriMax与HC-Ⅱ两种方法检测13种高危型HPV的总符合率92．5％（382／413）,总Kappa指数（KI）0．814,宫颈癌组符合率100．0％;与原位杂交检测结果符合率89．1％（90／101）,KI为0．776。10种最常见的HPV基因型依次（按阳性率递减）为：细胞学正常者16、68、18、52、58、11、53、31、39、33;细胞学异常者16、52、58、18、33、31、81、53、68、66,宫颈癌组16、18、52、58、33、66、68、31、51、53。结论HybriMax与HC-Ⅱ、原位杂交检测结果一致性良好,且能对更多基因型确切分型。官颈病变患者最常见的6种HPV基因型为16、18、52、58、33、31。     

维、汉妇女宫颈癌患者感染HPV亚型和TERC基因扩增的关系

目的探讨新疆地区维吾尔族、汉族妇女宫颈癌感染人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）不同亚型及人染色体端粒酶基因（TERC）扩增差异。方法采用导流杂交基因芯片技术检测维吾尔族和汉族各200例宫颈癌患者的21种HPV亚型感染的分布情况。采用荧光原位杂交技术（FISH）检测23例维吾尔族和22例汉族宫颈癌患者的TERC基因扩增的情况。结果①维、汉族宫颈癌的HPV感染谱不同。维吾尔族宫颈癌中HPV高危亚型感染排序由高到低主要是：HPV16、58、18、52和31等亚型;而汉族宫颈癌的排序是：HPV16、31、58、18和52等亚型。②维吾尔族宫颈癌中HPV亚型多重感染者为43例,占21.83%;汉族宫颈癌组织中多重感染者为27例,占13.78%（P〈0.05）。③维、汉族宫颈癌TERC基因平均扩增倍数,在HPV各亚型感染组间差异无统计学意义,但在各族患者中HPV多重感染和单一感染其差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论维吾尔族宫颈癌患者HPV高危亚型多重感染较汉族高;在各族患者中多重HPV高危亚型感染较单一亚型感染者有更多TERC基因扩增。     

绝经后女性宫颈癌前病变筛查方法的比较

目的：探讨绝经后女性宫颈细胞学与人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）检测在宫颈癌前病变筛查中的作用。方法：回顾性分析2017年10月—2018年9月于天津市第一中心医院妇科门诊因宫颈筛查异常行阴道镜下活检的113例绝经后女性,分析不同宫颈液基薄层细胞学检查（TCT）及高危型HPV（HR-HPV）结果对宫颈病变检出的情况,比较组织学高度鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）中宫颈TCT和HPV检测的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。结果：绝经后女性HR-HPV感染分布与宫颈病变分布差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.809,P=0.303）。细胞学高风险组中组织学CINⅡ+的检出率高于低风险组（χ2=29.018,P=0.000）;宫颈活检组织学病变程度与宫颈细胞学严重程度呈弱正相关（r=0.389,P=0.000）。免疫组织化学（免疫组化）阳性组中宫颈高级别病变分布情况高于阴性组,差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。绝经后女性宫颈TCT和HR-HPV筛查方法的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为78.38%、75.00%、60.42%、87.69%和94.59%、10.13%、33.98%、80.00%。结论：宫颈TCT级别高、免疫组化阳性的绝经后女性有宫颈高级别病变的风险,需引起临床医师的关注。     

Human papillomavirus–specific viral types are common in Mexican women affected by cervical lesions

Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common in Mexican female population. The human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 frequencies in worldwide may be different due to geographical distribution. We analyzed the prevalence of HPV types and determinated their association in cervical lesion in a Mexican population. One hundred fifty-nine normal cervical smears, 95 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL), 59 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL), and 108 CC samples of the patients were collected. HPV types were determined by sequencing. We detected 11 high-risk types, four low-risk types, three not determinated, and two probably high risk. HPV were present in 12%, 57%, 88%, and 92% from normal, LGSIL, HGSIL, and CC samples, respectively. HPV 16 was the most common in all cervical lesions (71.6% in CC). HPV 58 was present in 18.6% of HGSIL, and the HPV 18 in 4.6% of CC. The 76% of all detected viruses belong to A9 species branch. Control women showed high percentage of HPV high-risk infection, suggesting that this is a high-risk group. High frequency of HPV 16 compared with a low incidence of HPV 18 was observed. HPV 58 is frequently detected in HGSIL but low frequency is found in CC. These findings might be considered for HPV screening.