一氧化氮在大鼠梗阻性黄疸肝损伤中的作用

目的：探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）在大鼠梗阻性黄疸肝损伤中的作用。方法：采用双重结扎、切断大鼠胆总管造成梗阻性黄疸模型。分别给不同组大鼠腹腔注Ｌ－精氨酸（Ｌ－Ａｒｇ）或Ｌ－精氨酸甲酯（Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ），７ｄ后观察肝组织匀浆ＮＯ２＾－，丙二醛（ＭＤＡ），肝功能及肝组织形态改变。结果：胆道梗阻一周后，肝组织ＮＯ２＾－和ＭＤＡ含量均升高；注射Ｌ－Ａｒｇ［３００ｍｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）］组大鼠肝细胞ＮＯ２＾－含量较单纯胆     

大鼠氧惊厥时脑内一氧化氮合酶活性的变化

目的：探索一氧化氮（ＮＯ）在氧惊厥中的作用。方法：利用一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）活性测试盒，采用分光光度比色法测定在几种不同气体及压力的暴露条件下，大鼠海马、纹状体和额叶皮质中ＮＯＳ的变化；并在６００ｋＰａ高压氧暴露下，观察脑室分别注射ＮＯＳ抑制剂Ｎ＾ω－硝基－Ｌ－精氨酸甲酯（Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ）和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）对大鼠氧惊厥始发时间、惊厥严重程度和存活时间的影响。结果：大鼠濒临氧惊厥前及氧惊厥时所     

吸入NO对肺源性心脏病急性加重期患者血气及肺通气功能的影响

目的　探讨吸入一氧化氮（ＮＯ） 对慢性肺心病急性加重期患者动脉血气和肺通气功能的影响。方法　２０ 例肺心病急性加重期患者,在鼻导管吸氧（２ Ｌ／ｍｉｎ） 不变的情况下,分别吸入４５ ×１０－６ ＮＯ或４５×１０－ ６ＮＯ和３５％ Ｏ２ 混合气各６０ ｍｉｎ,测定吸入前后患者的血气和肺通气功能［第１ 秒用力肺活量（ＦＥＶ１） 和用力肺活量（ＦＶＣ）］ 。结果　当患者单纯吸入４５×１０－６ ＮＯ后,ＰａＯ２ 由吸ＮＯ前的８－１３ ±０－７ ｋＰａ 降为７－３３ ±０－６ ｋＰａ,ＳａＯ２由（９１±３－２） ％ 降至（８７±２－３） ％ （ 两者Ｐ均＜０－０５） ,对ＰａＣＯ２ ,ＦＥＶ１ 和ＦＶＣ无明显影响。当吸入４５×１０－６ ＮＯ和３５％ 氧气混合气后,ＰａＯ２ 则由８－０７±０－９ ｋＰａ 升至９－４１±０－８２ ｋＰａ,ＳａＯ２ 由（９０ ±２－２）％ 升至（９３±２－５） ％ （Ｐ＜０－０５）。ＰａＣＯ２ ,ＦＥＶ１ 和ＦＶＣ无明显影响。结论　单纯吸入ＮＯ可令肺心病患者ＰａＯ２ 和ＳａＯ２ 下降,而吸入４５ ×１０－６ ＮＯ和３５ ％ 氧气混合气则可改善ＰａＯ２ 和ＳａＯ２ ,两者对ＰａＣＯ２ ,ＦＥＶ１ 和ＦＶＣ无明显影响。     

慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压大鼠心,肺心房钠尿肽的含量变化

观察慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压（ＣＨＰＡＨ）大鼠心、肺心房钠尿肽（ＡＮＰ）含量变化。结果显示右心室、肺组织、肺灌流液及动脉血浆ＡＮＰ含量较对照组显著增加（Ｐ〈０．０５￣０．０１），但右房心肌组织ＡＮＰ含量与对照组相比相差不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）。提示ＣＨＰＡＨ大鼠心、肺合心ＡＮＰ代谢代偿性增加，并以右心室尤为显著。     

急性一氧化碳中毒患者血浆NO和ET—1的变化及高压氧的作用

急性一氧化碳中毒患者血浆ＮＯ和ＥＴ－１的变化及高压氧的作用薛连璧１高春锦１庞宝森２葛环１黄秀霞２赵立明１王莉３急性一氧化碳中毒（ＡＣＯＰ）是一种缺氧性疾病，发病率很高。高压氧对该病的治疗有特效，但患者血浆ＮＯ和ＥＴ－１含量变化及高压氧的作用还有待进一...     

高压氧对Lewis肺癌小鼠免疫功能影响的研究

目的：探讨高压氧（ＨＢＯ）暴露对Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌小鼠抗肿瘤免疫功能的影响。方法：９０只患Ｌｗｅｉｓ肺癌的Ｃ５７小鼠被随机分为常压空气组（ＮＡ）、高压常氧氮（Ｎ２－Ｏ２）组和ＨＢＯ组。ＮＡ组置于舱内常压空气下,Ｎ２－Ｏ２组和ＨＢＯ组则分别暴露在含１０％氧的高压常氧氮和医用纯氧环境下,暴露的压力时程为绝对压２５０ｋＰａ－９０ｍｉｎ,每日１次,每周暴露６ｄ,共暴露两周;加压速度为１００ｋＰａ／ｍｉｎ,减压采用匀速减压法,以１０ｍｉｎ减至常压。实验中检测了各组小鼠的自然杀伤细胞（ＮＫ）、非特异杀肿瘤细胞（ＬＡＫ）、细胞毒性Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＣＴＬ）水平和巨噬细胞（Ｍφ）杀伤活性;同时还对各组小鼠荷瘤的体积、溃破率及动物致死率进行了观察。结果：与ＮＡ组相比,ＨＢＯ组小鼠体内ＮＫ,ＬＡＫ,ＣＴＬ及Ｍφ活性显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）;实验动物肿瘤体积显著减小,荷瘤溃破率则明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）;且实验组小鼠的存活时间显著延长（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＨＢＯ暴露显著提高了Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌小鼠体内ＮＫ,ＬＡＫ,ＣＴＬ的活性和增强Ｍφ细胞杀伤效率,从而解释了ＨＢＯ能抑制Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌生长的原因。     

氦—氧混合气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾患并高二氧化碳血症的临？…

目的：观察氦－氧混合气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾患（ＣＯＰＤ）合并高二氧化碳血症的临床疗效。方法：选择１７例慢性阻塞性肺疾患合并高二氧化碳血症患者,随机分为实验组（８例,吸入Ｈｅ－Ｏ）和对照组（９例吸入Ｎ２－Ｏ２）,通过自制重复和氦所的循环式氦－氧混合气辅助呼吸装置进行呼吸,实验中患者依次吸入ＦｉＯ２分别为２１％、４０％、６０％、８０％的氦－氧（实验组）或空－氧（对照组）混合气,观察肺功能及血气的变化。结     

一氧化氮不介导内毒素引起的离体大鼠脊髓释放降钙素基因相关肽

目的：探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）及ＮＯ合成酶（ＮＯＳ）抑制剂对内毒素引起的大鼠脊髓降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）释放的影响。方法：采用离体大鼠脊髓切片孵育，以放射免疫法测定ＣＧＲＰ的释放。结果：ＮＯＳ的合成底物Ｌ－Ａｒｇ；ＮＯ供体ＳＮＡＰ和ＳＮＰ；各种ＮＯＳ抑制剂Ｌ－ＮＮＡ，Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ，Ｌ－ＮＭＭＡ和７－ＮＩ对离体大鼠脊髓ＣＧＲＰ的基础释放以及内毒素引起的ＣＧＲＰ释放均无明显影响。结论：ＮＯ在离体脊髓水平没有参与内毒素引起的ＣＧＲＰ释放过程。     

重型颅脑损伤后ANP,ANGⅡ的变化及其临床意义

为探讨心房钠尿肽（ＡＮＰ），血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡＮＧⅡ）与颅脑损伤的关系。本研究对２０例急性重型颅脑损伤后患者血浆及脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）中的ＡＮＰ，ＡＮＧⅡ的变化进行动态观察，结果表明，脑损伤后血浆及ＣＳＦ中ＡＮＰ含量显著减少；ＡＮＧⅡ含量明显增多，上述变化以具有脑实质性损伤的脑挫裂伤、硬膜下或脑内血肿更为明显。研究结果提示颅脑损伤后机体ＡＮＰ，ＡＮＧⅡ代谢异常与脑损伤程度有关。     

实验性脑损伤后心房肽及血管紧张素Ⅱ的变化及其意义

应用放射免疫分析方法观察了大鼠脑损伤后脑组织及血浆中心房肽（ＡＮＰ），血管紧张素ｌｌ（ＡＮＧＩＩ）含量变化，同时检测脑含水量。结果表明：脑损伤后脑组织ＡＮＰ含量减少，血浆ＡＮＰ于伤后６小时减少，４８～７２小时增多；而脑组织和血浆ＡＮＧⅡ明显高于正常或假手术对照组。结果提不：脑组织、血浆ＡＮＰ减少、ＡＮＧＩＩ增多与脑水肿的发生、发展有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.