超声弹性成像灰阶图比值法在乳腺肿块鉴别诊断中的临床价值

目的：探讨超声弹性成像灰阶图比值法在乳腺良恶性病变鉴别诊断中的临床价值。方法80例经病理证实的乳腺良性和恶性结节患者,共90个结节,术前均行常规超声和弹性成像灰阶图检查,记录常规超声声像特征,计算病灶弹性成像长径／常规图像长径比率（ LR ）,并与术后病理结果进行对照。结果90个结节中,恶性结节35个,良性结节55个（其中复杂囊性结节3个,实性结节52个）。恶性结节LR为1．32＆#177;0．38,良性结节LR为0．91＆#177;0．17,恶性结节LR明显大于良性结节（P均＜0．05）,以LR＝1．05为临界点,判定乳腺恶性病灶的敏感度为88．5％、特异度为90．1％。结论超声弹性成像灰阶图比值法对鉴别乳腺良恶性病变具有重要价值。     

分析超声弹性应变率值在甲状腺良恶性结节诊断中的应用

目的探讨对甲状腺良恶性结节患者采取超声弹性检查的诊断价值。方法选择于2018年1月-2018年12月所收治的82例甲状腺良恶性结节患者,所有患者均接受超声弹性成像检查,收集患者的临床资料和信息,并且对于超声弹性应变率值进行观察和分析,评价超声弹性成像的诊断价值。结果所有患者接受超声弹性成像检查,82例患者中检出甲状腺结节共102个。61例患者经过病理检查良性结节为76个,其余21例患者病理检查恶性结节为26个。超声弹性应变率值检测结果显示,良性结节检出的准确率为67.11%(51/76),恶性结节检出的准确率为84.62%(22/26)。结论对甲状腺良恶性结节患者行超声弹性应变率值的检验,临床诊断价值十分显著。     

超声实时弹性成像技术在甲状腺结节鉴别诊断中的价值

目的探讨超声实时弹性成像技术在甲状腺结节鉴别诊断中的价值,为鉴别诊断提供理论依据。方法 148例甲状腺结节患者,共有结节192个,采用超声实时弹性成像技术对患者进行良、恶性结节的诊断分析,分析良、恶性甲状腺结节弹性成像评分、超声弹性应变率(SR)比值及超声弹性SR比值情况。结果良性结节中弹性成像评分以1、2、3分为主,分别为36.36%、27.27%和27.27%;恶性结节易4、5分为主,其比例为51.22%和17.07%;良、恶性结节之间比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。≥4分判断为恶性结节,4分为良性结节;良性结节SR比值为1-3的比例为85.45%,恶性结节SR值2时比例为95.12%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论超声实时弹性成像技术在甲状腺结节鉴别诊断中的价值明显,有利于患者治疗,临床价值高。     

实时超声弹性成像在老年甲状腺恶性结节诊断中的价值

目的探讨实时超声弹性成像技术在老年甲状腺良恶性结节患者诊断中的价值。方法 154例甲状腺病变患者(185个结节)均有超声影像学资料且均经病理证实,其中恶性结节75个,良性结节110个,对比超声弹性成像与病理结果,计算超声弹性成像诊断甲状腺良恶性结节的灵敏度、特异度、准确率等诊断指标。结果 110个良性结节中94个超声弹性成像评级为1~2级,13个3~4级,75个恶性结节中7个评级为1~2级,68个3~4级;甲状腺良、恶性结节超声弹性成像分级差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与常规超声相比,超声弹性成像诊断甲状腺结节的灵敏度、特异度、阳性阴性预测值及诊断符合率均更好(P<0.05);甲状腺良、恶性结节两组的超声弹性成像图形态、最大直径、包膜情况、边界、钙化情况、回声水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声弹性成像在鉴别老年甲状腺良恶性结节中具有无创、便捷、准确的优点。     

超声弹性成像及应变率比值在良恶性甲状腺结节诊断鉴别中的应用

目的探讨超声弹性成像及应变率比值在良恶性甲状腺结节诊断鉴别中的应用。方法对98例于2016年5月～2017年5月住院或门诊超声检查的患者的120个结节分别采用超声弹性应变率比值法和弹性分级法进行检测,并比较病理检查、诊断敏感性、特异性及诊断符合率。结果 98例患者中有76个良性病灶和44个恶性病灶,其中良性病灶41个结节性甲状腺肿结节,甲状腺腺瘤15个,甲状腺嗜酸性细胞瘤3个,亚急性甲状腺炎7个,其中得分1～3分56个,得分4分11个,得分5分9个。其中恶性病灶中31个乳头状癌,髓样癌4个,滤泡状癌9个,其中得分1～3分13个,得分4分16个,得分5分15个,弹性应变率比值法的诊断敏感性(84.76%)、特异性(90.87%)及诊断符合率(88.87%)均明显高于弹性分级法的诊断敏感性(74.55%)、特异性(79.76%)及诊断符合率(76.70%),(P0.05)差异具有统计学意义。结论弹性成像可以有效鉴别良恶性,但在恶性结节中,可以初步分析分化程度,但无法区分病理类型及判断生物学活性,可以作为一种新的影像学观察模式,提供临床更多信息,帮助决定治疗方案。     

超声弹性成像应变率比值与多层螺旋CT对于老年人甲状腺结节样病变的诊断价值

目的探讨超声弹性技术与多层螺旋CT对于老年人甲状腺结节样病变的诊断价值。方法搜集163例经组织病理学证实的老年人甲状腺结节样病变患者,年龄65⁸1岁,均进行超声弹性成像和多层螺旋CT检查,取得病变的应变率比值(strain ratio,SR)和CT图像,以病理结果为金标准,比较良恶性结节的SR值,计算SR诊断良恶性甲状腺结节的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。建立受试者操作特性曲线(ROC),计算曲线下面积(AUC),根据Youden指数最高的临界点确定SR的诊断界点。比较超声弹性成像与多层螺旋CT对于甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断符合率。结果所有患者中,良性病变105例,恶性病变58例。良性病变SR值为1.389±0.878,恶性病变为3.235±1.547,二者比较有统计学意义(t=1.652,P<0.05)。SR在良性病变的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为85.7%、81.6%、83.9%、68.3%和91.5%;恶性病变分别为93.1%、72.6%、78.4%、57.4%和96.4%。ROC及AUC为0.869,95%可信区间为0.76581岁,均进行超声弹性成像和多层螺旋CT检查,取得病变的应变率比值(strain ratio,SR)和CT图像,以病理结果为金标准,比较良恶性结节的SR值,计算SR诊断良恶性甲状腺结节的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。建立受试者操作特性曲线(ROC),计算曲线下面积(AUC),根据Youden指数最高的临界点确定SR的诊断界点。比较超声弹性成像与多层螺旋CT对于甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断符合率。结果所有患者中,良性病变105例,恶性病变58例。良性病变SR值为1.389±0.878,恶性病变为3.235±1.547,二者比较有统计学意义(t=1.652,P<0.05)。SR在良性病变的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为85.7%、81.6%、83.9%、68.3%和91.5%;恶性病变分别为93.1%、72.6%、78.4%、57.4%和96.4%。ROC及AUC为0.869,95%可信区间为0.765⁰.901,SR的诊断界点为1.88。多层螺旋CT与SR值在良性病变中的符合率分别为81.9%和94.3%,二者差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.375,P>0.05),在恶性病变中的符合率分别为69.0%和96.6%,二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=38.075,P<0.05)。结论超声弹性成像应变率比值在老年人甲状腺结节样病变中具有较好的诊断价值,对于恶性病变的诊断价值高于多层螺旋CT。     

超声萤火虫联合弹性成像技术在乳腺结节良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值

目的：探讨超声“萤火虫”技术联合弹性成像技术鉴别乳腺结节良恶性的价值。方法选择行乳腺结节手术患者92例,术前共发现乳腺结节112个,术后病理活检显示：恶性病变27个、良性病变85个。术前分别对乳腺结节采用超声“萤火虫”技术和弹性成像技术进行检查,并与术后病理检查结果进行比较。结果超声“萤火虫”技术判断乳腺结节良恶性的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为94．12％、88．89％、92．86％,超声弹性成像技术分别为92．94％、85．19％、91．07％,联合检测分别为98．82％、92．59％、97．32％。二者联合应用的敏感性、特异性、准确性均高于二者单独检测（P均＜0．05）,二者单独检测的敏感性、特异性、准确性比较差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0．05）。结论超声“萤火虫”技术联合弹性成像技术有助于提高乳腺结节良恶性诊断的敏感性、特异性,降低漏诊率,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

超声弹性成像在甲状腺肿物鉴别诊断中的应用

目的评价实时超声组织弹性成像技术在鉴别诊断甲状腺良、恶性肿物中的应用价值。方法分析2008年1月～2009年12月我院甲状腺肿物患者110例（病灶共115个）,应用超声组织弹性成像技术对其进行良、恶性的鉴别诊断。并与其术后病理结果进行对比。结果良性病变多见于0～2级,恶性病变多见于3～4级。以≥3级作为恶性病变的诊断标准,超声组织弹性成像技术对甲状腺肿物的良、恶性鉴别诊断的准确性为91.3%（105/115）,敏感性为93.9%（31/33）,特异性为90.2（74/82）。结论实时超声组织弹性成像为超声诊断鉴别甲状腺良、恶性肿物提供了一个新的方法,是一种非常有发展前景的诊断技术。     

超声量化评分法和超声弹性成像技术诊断甲状腺占位性病变价值分析

目的探讨超声量化评分法和超声弹性成像技术诊断甲状腺占位性病变的临床应用价值。方法选取2014年11月至2017年9月在我院接受甲状腺超声检查及手术治疗的甲状腺占位性病变患者96例(96个甲状腺结节)为研究对象,分别采用超声量化评分法和超声弹性成像技术对患者的甲状腺占位性病变进行良恶性诊断,以病理诊断为金标准,分析这两种检测方法诊断甲状腺占位性病变良恶性的灵敏度、特异性、准确性。结果病理诊断结果显示,96例甲状腺占位性病变患者中,良性病变者66例,恶性病变者30例。超声量化评分法诊断甲状腺占位性病变良恶性的灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为93.3%、63.6%、72.9%;超声弹性成像诊断甲状腺占位性病变良恶性的灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为90.0%、81.8%、84.4%。结论超声量化评分法和超声弹性成像技术诊断甲状腺占位性病变的良恶性均具有较高的灵敏度,超声弹性成像诊断的灵敏度、特异性均较高,在临床诊断中具有一定的优势。若能对这两种方法检查的结果结合起来进行综合分析,会进一步提高诊断的准确性。     

超声检查多指标积分法在甲状腺良恶性小结节鉴别诊断中的价值

目的：探讨超声检查多指标积分法鉴别诊断甲状腺良恶性小结节的临床价值。方法73例甲状腺实性小结节患者,术后经病理检查证实良性结节44个、恶性结节52个。分析其术前超声影像学资料,并采用超声多指标积分法对其二维声像图特征及彩色多普勒血流成像特点予以评分。结果73例患者、96个结节经超声检查诊断为恶性结节40个、良性结节56个,误诊18个,诊断符合率81．25％（78／96）。甲状腺微小乳头状癌超声声像图特征为形态不规则、边界模糊、低回声、纵横比≥1、有微小及簇状钙化、内部血流丰富。44个良性结节多指标积分平均1．86分,52个恶性结节多指标积分平均3．38分,二者比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论临床可采用超声检查多指标积分对甲状腺良恶性小结节进行鉴别诊断,诊断符合率较高。     

超声弹性成像对甲状腺实性结节的鉴别诊断价值

目的 探讨超声弹性成像弹性评分法及顺应性比值法在甲状腺实性结节鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法 对69例患者的86个甲状腺实性结节根据术后病理结果分为良性组及恶性组,分别对两组的超声弹性图像评分及顺应性比值进行回顾性分析,与术后病理结果对比,计算弹性评分法及顺应性比值法诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确性;绘制弹性评分法及顺应性比值法的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),选取最佳诊断界点.结果 86个甲状腺结节中,良性组甲状腺结节共67个,结节直径(2.05±0.21)cm;恶性组甲状腺结节共19个,结节直径(1.62±0.12)cm.良性组及恶性组结节直径比较,差异无统计学意义(t=-1.736,P＞0.05).良性组与恶性组间弹性评分(中位数分别为2、3分)及顺应性比值(中位数分别为1.66、3.97)比较,差异有统计学意义(Z值分别为-5.290、-5.450,P均＜0.05).以弹性评分≥3分为鉴别甲状腺良、恶性的诊断界点,诊断敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为84.2%(16/19)、86.6%(58/67)和86.0%(74/86),ROC曲线下面积为0.854;以顺应性比值≥2.50为鉴别甲状腺良、恶性的诊断界点,诊断敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为89.4%(17/19)、86.6%(58/67)和87.2%(75/86),ROC曲线下面积为0.911.结论 超声弹性成像弹性评分法及顺应性比值法均有助于甲状腺良、恶性结节的鉴别诊断,在临床具有较高的应用价值.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound elastography score and strain ratio index in the differential diagnosis of thyroid solid nodules. Methods Eighty-six thyroid solid nodules of 69 patients were divided into 2 groups based on their pathologic results: benign nodules group and malignant nodules group.Compared with pathological results, each thyroid solid nodules' elastographic scores and strain ratio index were respectively analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of elasticity score and strain ratio index were calctlated.The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn according to the results, to choose the best cut-off value.Results There were 67 nodules in benign nodules group and 19 nodules in malignant nodules group. The diameter of benign nodules was (2.05 ± 0.21)cm, malignant nodules was (1.62 ± 0.12)cm. There were no significant differences in the elasticity score and strain ratio index between benign and malignant nodules(t= - 1.736, P ＞ 0.05). Malignant lesions had a higher score and strain ratio index(median 3, 3.97, respectively) than benign ones(median 2, 1.66,respectively, Z = - 5.290, - 5.450, all P ＜ 0.05). If the cut-off value of the elastographic scores was equal or more than 3, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 84.2%(16/19) ,86.6%(58/67) and 86.0%(74/86), respectively,with an area under ROC curve of 0.854. If the cut-off value of the strain ratio index was equal or more than 2.50,the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 89.4%(17/19),86.6%(58/67) and 87.2%(75/86), respectively, with an area under ROC curve of 0.911. Conclusion Elasticity score and strain ratio index are helpful in differentiating benign and malignant lesions of thyroid with high clinical value.     

弹性比值法和评分法对甲状腺结节诊断价值的对比研究

目的比较弹性比值法和评分法对甲状腺结节的诊断价值,从而为临床提供可靠的诊断方法。方法用超声弹性成像技术检查156个甲状腺结节,分别采用弹性比值法和弹性评分5分法对弹性图像进行评价,以甲状腺结节穿刺活检或术后病理做为对照。对两种方法的诊断作用做受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分别得到曲线下面积和最佳分界点。采用χ2检验比较这两种方法的敏感性、特异性和准确性。P<0.05有统计学意义。结果根据ROC曲线,弹性比值法和评分法分别以3.855和4分为最佳分界点。弹性比值法的敏感性80.00%(40/50)、特异性90.57%(96/106)、准确性87.18%(136/156),弹性评分法的敏感性84.00%(42/50)、特异性78.30%(83/106)、准确性80.13%(125/156)。弹性比值法的特异性显著高于评分法(P<0.05)。结论弹性比值法对甲状腺结节的诊断价值较弹性评分法高,对甲状腺结节性质的判断更客观更可靠。     

高频超声对甲状腺肿块良恶性的临床诊断价值

目的 分析甲状腺肿块的二维声像图特点及多普勒检查中的血流峰值变化,探讨高频超声对甲状腺肿块的良恶性诊断价值.方法 收集80例病人的104个甲状腺肿块声像图,根据二维声像图中肿块的形态、边界、侧壁回声失落或后方回声衰减、内部回声、微小钙化及多普勒检查中的收缩期血流峰值(Vmax)和阻力指数(RI),将肿块预期分为良性和恶性两组,将高频超声预期结果与术后病理结果进行对比,比较二者的符合率和误差率.结果 高频超声预测良性肿块66个,病理检查为61个,二者的符合率为92.4%;预测恶性肿块为38个,病理检查为32个,二者的符合率为84.2%;预测总符合率为89.4%(93/104),误差率为11.6%(11/104).结论 根据高频超声检测甲状腺肿块的声像图特点,能对甲状腺肿块的良恶性进行初步判断,对患者及临床治疗有重要的意义.

Abstract：

Objective To detect and analyze thyroid tumor by two-dimensional sonogram and Doppler parameter, and evaluate the value of high-frequency ultrasound in diagnosing thyroid benign and malignant tumors. Methods The ultrasonic images of 104 thyroid tumor from 80 patients with typical features were collected. Thyroid tumor was classified into benign and malignant nodules, based on the shape, border, or the rear wall echo, echo attenuation loss, internal echo, and microcalcifications in two-dimensional sonogram and systolic blood peak velocity (Vmax) and resistant index (RI) in Doppler examination. The expected results of high frequency ultrasound were compared with pathological results on consistency and error rate. Results Prediction of benign tumor by high frequency ultrasound was 66, and pathology 61, consistency rate of the two was 92.4%. Prediction of malignant lesions was 38, and pathological examination 32, consistency rate of the two was 84.2%. The total coincidence rate was 89.4%(93/104) and the error rate was 11.6%( 11/104). Conclusions The typical features of thyroid tumor on high-frequency ultrasound are helpful in diagnosis of benign or malignant nodules, which is valuable in guiding clinical treatment.     

体检发现的甲状腺结节的临床病理研究

目的 探讨体检发现的甲状腺结节甲状腺细针穿刺细胞学(FNAC)检查结果与甲状腺超声检查、组织病理结果之间的关系,分析结节的病因,评估甲状腺癌发生的危险性及FNAC的临床诊断价值.方法 分析体检发现的271例甲状腺结节患者甲状腺FNAC诊断结果,并与甲状腺超声检查、组织病理结果进行比较.结果 (1)FNAC显示,恶性及可疑恶性病变分别为1.48%和5.90%,良性病变占78.60%,以甲状腺肿(29.15%)、桥本甲状腺炎(26.57%)、甲状腺腺瘤(15.13%)多见.(2)FNAC诊断结果与甲状腺超声检查结果比较,96例单发结节FNAC诊断为恶性、可疑恶性的百分比分别为3.12%、7.29%;137例多发结节恶性、可疑恶性的百分比分别为0.73%、6.57%.108例直径≤1.5 cm结节恶性、可疑恶性的百分比分别为0.93%、7.41%;125例直径＞1.5 cm结节恶性、可疑恶性的百分比分别为2.40%、6.42%.99例实性结节恶性、可疑恶性的百分比分别为2.02%、12.12%;85例囊实性或囊性结节恶性、可疑恶性的百分比分别为2.35%、2.35%.仅实性结节可疑恶性的百分比高于囊性或囊实性结节(P=0.013).(3)24例FNAC结果与组织病理学结果比较,FNAC的诊断准确率75.00%,假阳性率25.00%,假阴性率0%.结论 体检发现的甲状腺结节的主要病因是甲状腺肿、桥本甲状腺炎和甲状腺腺瘤;FNAC检查是鉴别良、恶性甲状腺结节的一种高准确率的可靠方法;甲状腺超声检查检出的单发、实性、大结节任何单一因素不足以增加甲状腺癌的预测性.     

甲状腺结节60例细针抽吸细胞学与病理检查的对照分析

目的 :探讨细针抽吸细胞学检查对甲状腺结节性质的诊断价值。方法 :对 6 0例甲状腺结节患者均行细针抽吸细胞学检查 ,而后行手术治疗及病理检查 ,并将两种方法进行对照分析。结果 :6 0例甲状腺结节中 ,细针抽吸结果 :良性 86 .7% ,恶性 13.3% ;手术病理结果 :良性 81.7% ,恶性 18.3%。二者相对照 ,诊断符合者 5 5例 ,诊断符合率为 91.7% ,不符合者 5例 ,其中 3例甲状腺恶性肿瘤误为良性病变。结论 :细针抽吸细胞学检查对甲状腺结节的诊断有一定的参考价值     

Elastography: new developments in ultrasound for predicting malignancy in thyroid nodules

BACKGROUND: Elastography is a newly developed dynamic technique that uses ultrasound (US) to provide an estimation of tissue stiffness by measuring the degree of distortion under the application of an external force. US elastography has been applied to differentiate malignant from benign lesions. PATIENTS: This study included 92 consecutive patients with a single thyroid nodule who underwent surgery for compressive symptoms or suspicion of malignancy on fine needle aspiration cytology. Tissue stiffness on US elastography was scored from one (greatest elastic strain) to five (no strain). RESULTS: On US elastography: scores 1 and 2 were found in 49 cases, all benign lesions; score 3 in 13 cases, one carcinoma and 12 benign lesions; and scores 4 and 5 in 30 cases, all carcinomas. Thus, the elasticity scores 4-5 were highly predictive of malignancy (P < 0.0001), with a sensitivity of 97%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 98%. In 32 patients with an indeterminate fine needle aspiration result, the conventional US was not predictive of malignancy, while an US elastographic score of 4-5 was observed in six of seven (86%) patients with carcinoma on histology, and a score of 1-3 in all 25 patients with benign lesions. CONCLUSIONS: US elastography has great potential as an adjunctive tool for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, especially in indeterminate nodules on cytology. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these results and establish the diagnostic accuracy of this new technique.     

超声显示不同钙化模式对甲状腺结节性质的诊断价值

回顾性分析触诊或超声检查发现甲状腺结节并进行手术的1 501例患者术前超声和术后病理资料,发现良恶性结节均可以发生钙化,且钙化模式分布一致,以微钙化最常见(n=207),其次是粗大钙化(n=142);虽然癌性结节的钙化和微钙化率均明显高于良性结节,但作为甲状腺癌标志的作用有限.     

Diagnostic value of elastosonographically determined strain index in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules

Elastosonography (ES) is a newly developed method that is used for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. In different studies, ES scoring has been compared with histopathological findings, and sensitivity and specificity of the scoring were calculated. In this study, it determines the strain index (SI) as well as the ES to score thyroid nodules, and establishes the role for these parameters in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules using histopathological analysis as a reference standard. Real-time ES in transverse axis (TA) and longitudinal axis (LA) was performed in 391 nodules of 292 patients. ES scoring was made for all the nodules. SI in TA and LA was calculated for four times in each nodule and mean values were determined. The results were compared with final histopathological diagnoses. In histopathological examinations, 125 (31.97%) of 391 nodules were malignant and 266 (68.03%) were benign. Of these histopathologically benign nodules, 189 (%71.05) were also probably benign according to elastosonographic scoring (scores of 1, 2, or 3), while 77 (28.95%) were probably malignant (scores of 4 or 5). Among 125 histopathologically malignant nodules, 52 (41.60%) were probably benign and 73 (58.40%) were probably malignant according to elastosonographic scoring. There was a significant relation between scoring and histopathological findings (χ(2)?=?36.513; P?相似文献   

甲状腺细针吸取细胞学检查1154例分析

作者进行了1154例甲状腺疾病细针吸取细胞学检查(FNAB),细胞学诊断“恶性"16例,“可疑恶性"34例,“良性”1028例,“不能诊断”76例。其中106例行手术治疗,与术后病理组织学检查结果对照,FNAB诊断符合率为89.62％,假阳性为6.61％,假阴性为1.89％。本组FNAB诊断符合率假阳性较高而假阴性较低。作者分析了其原因,认为FNAB除鉴别甲状腺结节的良恶性质外,还可对亚急性甲状腺炎、桥本病等作出直接诊断,对Graves病的手术及~(132)I治疗以及对甲状腺单纯性囊肿进行非手术治疗提供了更合理的指征。     

Diagnostic value of ultrasonography to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions in the management of thyroid nodules.

OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the sonographic characteristics of thyroid nodules and assessed the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in order to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions in terms of the management of thyroid nodules. DESIGN: We retrospectively analyzed the sonographic features of thyroid nodules in 580 patients who had been examined with fine-needle aspiration cytology or who underwent surgery for a thyroid nodule. The sonographic features that suggested malignancy include microcalcifications, an irregular or microlobulated margin, marked hypoechogenicity, and a shape that was taller than it was wide. The presence of one or more of these features indicated classification as category 3 (malignant). The absence of all of these features indicated classification as category 2 (benign). Presence of an anechogenic cystic nodule was classified as category 1 (benign). MAIN OUTCOME: Of 124 lesions classified as category 3, 60 of the lesions were malignant. Of 418 lesions classified as category 1 or 2, 409 were benign. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy based on the sonographic classification method were 87.0%, 86.5%, 48.4%, 97.8%, and 86.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results identified this sonographic classification as a useful tool in the differentiation of malignant nodules from benign nodules. In view of the high negative predictive value of sonographic classification, a more aggressive approach is recommended only for category 3 nodules.