HSV-Ⅱ抗体检测在生殖器疱疹中的应用

生殖器疱疹（Genital herpes，GH）是一种常见的性传播疾病，90％由单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型（HSV-Ⅱ）感染引起，10％由HSV—Ⅰ型引起。近年来生殖器疱疹的发病率有所增加，主要由于患者症状不明显或无症状的亚临床感染者或症状未被识别，但疱疹病毒仍在活动，使HSV传播的危险性增加。HSV血清学抗体的检测为无症状亚临床感染的诊断提供了依据。笔者就我院部分高度疑似病例人群血清学HSV-Ⅱ-IgG抗体进行检测，现将结果报告如下。     

高度疑似生殖器疱疹HSV-II抗体检测分析

生殖器疱疹(Genital herpes,GH)是一种常见的性传播疾病,90%由单纯疱疹病毒II型(HSV-II)感染引起,10%由HSV-I型引起.HSV-II主要引起生殖器疱疹,也与子宫颈癌有关.近年来生殖器疱疹的发病率有所增加,主要由于患者症状不明显或无症状的亚临床感染者或症状未被识别,但疱疹病毒仍在活动,使HSV传播的危险性增加.对亚临床感染或高度疑似女患者仍无检测,而HSV血清抗体的检测为无症状亚临床感染的诊断提供了依据.笔者就我院部分高度疑似病例人群血清学HSV-II-IgG抗体进行检测结果分析.     

单纯疱疹病毒潜伏感染中LAT基因的作用机制

单纯疱疹病毒（herpes simplex virus，HSV）属α疱疹病毒科，原发感染生殖器及口面部黏膜上皮组织，引起眼角膜炎、致死性脑炎、生殖器疱疹（genital herpes）等严重影响人类健康的疾病.有Ⅰ型（HSV-1）和Ⅱ型（HSV-2）两个血清型。HSV易传播．嗜神经潜伏，可因多种非特异应激激活，导致症状复发。HSV的潜伏性是有效治疗和彻底清除该病毒的最大障碍。[第一段]     

HSVⅡ-DNA在生殖器疱疹检测中的应用价值分析

生殖器疱疹(GH)由单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)引起的性传播疾病,可通过胎盘及产道感染新生儿,导致流产及新生儿死亡,与宫颈癌的发生也相关。单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)分Ⅰ型(HSVⅠ)和Ⅱ型(HSVⅡ)。HSVⅡ是生殖器疱疹的主要病原体,90%的生殖器疱疹病例都是有HSVⅡ引起的。因此,HSVⅡ的检测对于临床生殖器疱     

1202例疑似生殖器疱疹患者HSV基因检测结果分析

目的了解广州新塘地区疑似生殖器疱疹患者单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）感染情况。方法用PCR．荧光探针法（FQ．PCR）对我院门诊1202例疑似生殖器疱疹患者进行HSV-I／II基因检测。结果在1202例生殖器疱疹疑似患者中,检测出HSV-I型阳性患者8例,阳性率为0．67％（8／1202）;HSV-II型阳性患者282例,阳性率为23．46％（282／1202）,总计单纯疱疹病毒阳性患者290例,阳性率24．13％（290／1202）。HSV-I型感染率与HSV-II型感染率比较,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。290例单纯疱疹病毒感染患者中男性患者193例,阳性率24．62％（193／748）,女性患者97例,阳性率23．21％（97／418）,男性与女性的感染率比较,差异不具有统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论①广州新塘地区疑似生殖器疱疹患者HSV检出率较高近1／4,感染率有型别差异,以HSV-II型为主,提示临床需重视对疑似生殖器疱疹病毒患者进行HSV检测,避免误诊漏诊。②HSV感染率无性别差异。③FQ．PCR在HSV检测中具有简便、灵敏度高、快捷等特点,具有良好的推广、应用前景。     

普通PCR与巢式PCR检测生殖器疱疹病毒的对照

生殖器疱疹（GH）是由单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）引起性传播疾病（STD），GH典型表现临床上诊断并不困难，但对于不典型表现容易漏诊或误诊。HSV主要通过生殖器或肛门、呼吸道、口腔粘膜的分泌物传播。以往病毒培养被看做GH诊断的金标准，但需要约2周的时间，相比之下，普通PCR用不到2小时的时间，敏感性和特异性高于病毒培养，     

生殖器单纯疮疹病毒DNA的检测在生殖器疱疹诊断中的应用

近年来,生殖器单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）感染的发病率在全球范围内快速增长,HSV已成为生殖器溃疡的首要病因,在美国每年大约有100万例新报告的病例,我国的感染率从1991年的0．05％上升至2001年的2．79％,增幅达50多倍,加上部分症状不典型的亚临床感染者,故我国实际感染率应更高。而实验室对HSV的相关检查是临床准确诊疗生殖器疱疹的有力依据。因此,我们采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（FQ—PCR）对疑似生殖器疱疹患者分泌物中的HSVDNA进行了检测。     

复发性生殖器疱疹合并包皮过长治疗5例分析

复发性生殖器疱疹由Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒（HSVⅡ）引起的生殖器及其临近部位的炎症性疾病,因其反复发作,易诊难治,给患者造成极大的痛苦和精神压力.我们选择5例复发性生殖器疱疹合并包皮过长者,采用包皮环切术,口服伐昔洛韦,局部应用重组人干扰素a-2b凝胶进行治疗,经1～10 a跟踪观察无1例复发.现分析如下.     

性病门诊2300例患者单纯疱疹病毒抗体的血清学检测

目的探讨我院皮肤性病门诊患者单纯疱疹病毒的感染情况及在典型和非典型生殖器疱疹患者中的发病率。方法采用酶联免疫法（ELISA）对2300例患者进行血清学HSV—I和HSV-Ⅱ的IgM、IgG抗体检测。结果2300例患者中,HSV-I的IgM和IgG的检出率分别是6．87％（158／2300）和86．10％（1980／2300）,HsV-Ⅱ的IgM和IgG检出率分别是10．00％（230／2300）和40．60%（933／2300）,两种血清型中以HSV—I感染为主,且IgG阳性率明显高于IgM（HSVI的x^2=2901．1,P-0．000;HSV-II的x^2=1240．0,P=0．000,P〈0．05）;具有典型生殖器疱疹或高度可疑生殖器疱疹症状者924例,其中HSV-IIgM感染者46例（男31例,女15例）,感染率为5．0％（46／924）;HSV—IIgG感染者451例（男296例,女155例）,感染率为48．8％（451／924）;HSV—IIIgM感染者410例（男246例,女164例）,感染率为44．4％（410／924）;HSV-IIIgG感染者515例（男316例,女199例）,感染率为55．7％（515／924）。女性HSV-Ⅱ感染率高于男性,二者差异有显著性（x^2=19．2,P—0．000,P〈0．05）。结论本地区性病门诊中HSV抗体检出率高,以HSV-I感染为主;在有典型生殖器疱疹或高度可疑患者中,女性HSV-11感染率高于男性;在无明显生殖器疱疹症状患者中,亦可以检出HSV-II,且存在混合感染,临床上需重视。     

黑龙江部分地区育龄期女性优生项目研究

目的 对黑龙江部分地区育龄期女性TORCH检测结果进行分析和统计,探讨育龄女性检测优生项目的重要性。方法 收集2020年1月—2021年8月送检于黑龙江迪安医学检验所有限公司的2 849份备孕和孕期女性血样,根据受检者年龄分为4组,分别为18～25岁(426名)、26～35岁(2 075名)、36～45岁(280名)、≥46岁(68名)。采用电化学发光法检测单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ抗体(HSV1-IgG)、单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ抗体(HSV2-IgG)、风疹病毒免疫球蛋白M(RV-IgM)、风疹病毒免疫球蛋白G(RV-IgG)、巨细胞病毒IgM(CMV-IgM)、巨细胞病毒IgG(CMV-IgG)、刚地弓形虫IgM(TOX-IgM)和刚地弓形虫IgG(TOX-IgG),分析不同年龄段受检者各指标的差异。同时采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对所有样本进行检测,比较两种方法检测结果的阳性率差异。结果 采用电化学发光法检测不同年龄组HSV1-IgG、HSV2-IgG、TOX-IgG水平比较差异均有统计学意义。36～45岁组HSV1-IgG、HSV2-IgG、TOX-IgG阳性检出率均明显高于26～35岁组(...     

Herpes simplex types 1 and 2: latency in the genital tract of guinea pigs.

Guinea pigs were infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) intravaginally and then sacrificed during latent infection. Virus was recovered from the ganglia, spinal cord and genital tissues by co-cultivation after 1-6 weeks in culture. The virus could not be recovered from the genital tract during the first week of co-cultivation, nor from homogenized genital tissue. Cultivation of genital tissues with acyclovir did not reduce the recovery of HSV. Thus, HSV appeared to establish a truly latent infection in the genital tract and not a persistent infection as previously described.     

Type-specific testing for herpes simplex virus

The prevalence of genital herpes is increasing worldwide. Type-specific antibody tests for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are widely available, however, only those based on glycoprotein G have acceptable accuracy. When diagnosing genital herpes, it is important to use type-specific tests in order to distinguish HSV-1 from HSV-2 since the type of HSV infection affects prognosis and subsequent counseling. Populations appropriate for type-specific serologic testing for HSV include people with an uncertain clinical diagnosis, high-risk patients, partners of an HSV-infected individual, HIV-infected individuals and pregnant women.     

Clinical assessment of assays for diagnosis of herpes simplex infection

It is becoming increasingly clear that the herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) 1 and 2 constitute a major, global, public health problem, particularly as genital herpes is implicated in the causation of a significant percentage of onwards transmission of the HIV virus. A major factor in the transmission of HSV is that most carriers are unaware of their diagnosis. In the last few years, the development of nucleic acid amplification technology and type-specific antibody serology to test for HSV-1 and -2 has contributed significantly to the accurate diagnosis of these infections. Despite guidance to the contrary, there is still much use of less sensitive tests such as viral culture and antibody testing based on crude antigen. It is essential that we use the most sensitive and specific diagnostic tests if we are to curb this epidemic.     

Antiviral activity of Win 41258-3, a pyrazole compound, against herpes simplex virus in mouse genital infection and in guinea pig skin infection.

Win 41258-3 (4-[6-(2-chloro-4-methoxyphenoxy)hexyl]-3,5-diethyl-1H-pyrazole methane sulfonate) has in vitro and in vivo activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. In cell culture, a concentration of 2 microgram/ml produced a greater than 50% inhibition of plaque formation of herpes simplex virus type 2, and 3 microgram/ml produced a 100% reduction of herpes simplex virus type 1. Win 41258-3 was effective against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in mouse genital infection after intravaginal administration. Win 41258-3 was administered to mice at 4 h postinfection with solutions containing 1.25, 2.5, 5, or 10% of the compound in saturated tampons. Therapy resulted in a high survival rate (80 to 100%) of treated animals versus 20 to 30% of placebo-treated controls. Win 41258-3 was also effective in guinea pig skin infection produced by herpes simplex virus type 1. Solutions of 2.5, 5, and 10% Win 41258-3, applied to the skin starting 24 h postinfection, resulted in rapid suppression of development of herpetic vesicles and significant reduction of the virus titers in the lesion sites.     

Genital herpes simplex virus type 1 infection: new fields for an old acquaintance?

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 is the principal agent of chronic remittent genital herpes. Worldwide, only 10-20% of genital isolates are HSV-1. Studies from the British Isles and Scandinavia indicate, however, that HSV-1 is responsible for a significant proportion or even the majority of first clinical episodes of genital herpes in young women. Actual data show that a trend towards genital HSV-1 infections may also hold true for Germany. This article summarizes possible reasons for and consequences of the observed changes in the epidemiology of genital HSV infections.     

Inhibition of herpes simplex virus growth caused by preparations of animal immunoglobulins is not dependent on Fc-Fc receptor interactions

Rabbit, horse, rat, and chicken immunoglobulin G (IgG); rabbit, horse, and goat IgG Fc fragments; rabbit and chicken F(ab')2 fragments, and rat and chicken gamma globulins, in concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/ml, were able to reduce virus production 10- to 10,000-fold when incubated with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-infected GMK AH1 cells. When the ability of the purified IgGs and gamma globulins to interact with the HSV-induced Fc receptor on infected GMK cells was tested, only rabbit IgG and IgG Fc fragments from rabbit and goat were reactive. Thus, there was no correlation between the ability to interact with the HSV Fc receptor and the ability to inhibit viral growth. The ability of IgGs and gamma globulins to reduce HSV production is, therefore, not likely to be mediated by the HSV Fc receptor.     

Seroepidemiology of alphaherpesviruses

The seroepidemiology of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-1 and -2 was studied in different Japanese populations, by applying HSV gG1 and gG2 type-specific antibody assays. HSV-1 infections correlated mostly with age and was widely prevalent among subjects over 40 years old. HSV-2 prevalence varied greatly among subgroups defined by sexual activity and were associated with risk behaviors, from 80% among prostitutes to 7% among pregnant women. Since HSV-1 infection during childhood has been decreasing, primary genital HSV-1 or HSV-2 infection, with its higher frequency of clinical manifestations, will become more important. In contrast, antibody prevalence to varicella-zoster virus has been constantly high in children, with no tendency to change in seroepidemiology of VZV infections so far.     

Current diagnostic techniques in genital herpes: their role in controlling the epidemic

Genital herpes continues to be a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Laboratory confirmation of clinical diagnosis is important, particularly as there are other conditions which present similarly to genital herpes, while atypical presentations of genital herpes also occur. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the most common cause of genital herpes globally, although HSV-1 genital herpes infections occur also. Type-specific serology has overcome the technical problems posed by earlier cross-reactive HSV serological assays, hence HSV-2 specific antibodies can be identified using both in-house and commercial assays. All HSV-2 serological assays require an appropriately thorough validation, and here an understanding of the natural history of genital HSV infection is important. Validated HSV-2 specific antibody assays have featured in seroepidemiological studies which have emphasised the largely asymptomatic nature of this infection. Subsequent seroepidemiological studies have included a sexual lifestyle questionnaire to identify risk factors for genital HSV-2 infection. This has given rise to serological screening proposals which, it is argued, may arrest the spread of genital herpes in the general population. However, counter arguments to such proposals are important to consider. As regards diagnosis and management of genital herpes in individual patients, situations have been identified where type-specific serology may be of benefit. PCR has become the method of laboratory diagnosis for HSV encephalitis over the past decade, but its role in the diagnosis of genital herpes has been addressed only in recent years. Evaluation of HSV PCR on specimens from genital herpes cases has shown PCR to be more sensitive than virus culture, the traditional "gold standard" of HSV identification. However, questions remain regarding the acceptance of HSV into routine diagnostic settings, particularly concerning sample preparation, although automation and the ability to include diagnosis of other genital infections in a multiplex PCR is an advantage. Such developments should enhance the role of PCR in genital herpes diagnosis and ultimately reduce costs relative to traditional methods such as culture and HSV antigen detection. Finally, the use of type-specific serology and HSV PCR in genital herpes research is noted.     

Recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection in guinea pigs

After recovery from initial genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, female guinea pigs developed spontaneous recurrent infections characterized by discrete erythematous or vesicular herpetic lesions on the external genital skin. HSV type 2 (HSV2) caused significantly more recurrent infections in guinea pigs than did HSV type 1 (HSV1). HSV2-infected animals demonstrated a significant decline in frequency of recurrences over time. The viral nature of the recurrent lesions was confirmed by recovery of infectious HSV, detection of HSV antigen, and histologic examination. Latent HSV2 could be demonstrated in dorsal root ganglia and external genital skin after recovery from the primary infection. Recurrent genital HSV infection in the guinea pig shares many features with recurrent genital herpes in humans and provides a model for studying the relationship between latency and recurrences and for exploring methods for control of recurrent disease.