Bilateral renal cell carcinoma: report of a case

A case of asynchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma is reported. The patient was a 71-year-old man who visited our clinic with complaints of asymptomatic macrohematuria and fever on November 20, 1960. Clinical diagnosis was left renal tumor and left nephrectomy was performed on December 4, 1960. Histological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma (common type, clear cell subtype, alveolar type and G1). The postoperative course was uneventful until complaints of diarrhea and weight loss in November, 1983. He visited our clinic again with a right abdominal mass on January, 1984. Right renal selective angiography revealed an enlargement and abnormal vascularity with tumor stain, hypervascularity and pooling in the whole kidney except for the upper pole lesion. CT scan revealed a space occupying lesion. Right radical nephrectomy was performed on March 6, 1984. Histological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma (common type, mixed subtype, alveolar and tubular type, G2). He was treated by hemodialysis and steroid therapy after right nephrectomy but he died of massive gastro-intestinal bleeding on April 22, 1984. The paper is the 15th report of a bilateral renal cell carcinoma in Japan.     

A case of synchronous contralateral renal cell carcinoma and ureteral transitional cell carcinoma

A case of synchronous contralateral renal cell carcinoma and ureteral transitional cell carcinoma is reported. A 56-year-old man, who had been incidentally found to have an abnormal mass in the upper pole of the right kidney on ultrasound sonography, was admitted on January 8, 1985. CT scanning and renal arteriography revealed right renal malignancy. Right radical nephrectomy was performed and histological examination showed adenocarcinoma, granular cell type of the right kidney. He was discharged on February 3, 1985. Two months postoperatively, he was rehospitalized for macroscopic hematuria. Left retrograde pyelogram showed obstruction at middle ureter and cytology of urine from left ureter was positive. So a left ureteral tumor was suspected, and partial resection of left ureter and ureteroureterostomy were performed. Histological examination revealed ureteral transitional cell carcinoma. He is now doing well at 6 months following the lat surgery, without any evidence of recurrence.     

A case of renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to the contralateral kidney and renal pelvis

Extremely rarely renal cell carcinoma metastasizes to the contralateral renal pelvis or ureter. A 42-year-old man had undergone left radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (pT1b, grade 2) in March, 2000. Fifteen months later, he complained of macroscopic hematuria. Computed tomographic scanning and retrograde pyelography showed a right renal pelvic tumor. Enucleation of pelvic tumor was performed and a parenchyma mass incidentally identified in the right kidney was also resected. Histopathological examination of each tumor revealed renal cell carcinoma identical to the primary tumors in the left kidney suggesting metastasis to renal pelvis and de novo tumor or metastasis in the right kidney.     

Solitary pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma

A case of asynchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma with pancreatic metastasis is described. Left nephrectomy and tumorectomy in the right kidney were performed. Solitary metastasis to the pancreas without symptoms was treated by distal pancreatectomy with tumor and splenectomy. Although bilateral renal cell carcinomas were histologically renal cell carcinoma (clear cell subtype, grade 2), the resected pancreatic tumor was renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid change. Therefore, the metastatic tumor had a more malignant potential than the primary tumor. The pancreatic metastasis was seen at 6 years 10 months and 2 years 6 months after left nephrectomy and enucleation of the right renal tumors, respectively. The patient is alive without disease and is being treated by alpha-interferon for 12 months after distal pancreatectomy. A careful long-term follow-up of the patient with renal cell carcinoma seems to be necessary.     

Long-term survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma managed with conservative therapy: a report of two cases

Case 1. A 58-year-old man underwent radical nephrectomy due to a tumor in the left kidney (renal cell carcinoma, clear cell subtype, G3, pT1bpN0) in 1988. Thirteen years later, he underwent surgical resection of metastases to lung and cerebrum and gamma ray knife resection of two other sites of metastases to cerebrum in 2001. He had no evidence of disease in April, 2003. Case 2. A 53-year-old man underwent radical nephrectomy due to a tumor in the right kidney (renal cell carcinoma, clear cell type, pT1apN0) in 1987. From 1996 to 2001, irradiation therapy to multiple metastases to thoracic vertebrae (50 Gy), rib (50 Gy), para-aorta lymph nodes (40 Gy), sacrum (44 Gy) and sternum (44 Gy), and surgical resection of dermal metastasis were performed. Paraplegia occurred due to regrowth of thoracic bone metastasis in December, 2001. In February, 2002, he died of septic shock caused by infection of decubitus. Surgical resection and palliative therapy of recurrent metastatic foci was useful to improve the quality of life and probably prognosis.     

Adrenal metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma with unusual sites of lymph node metastasis and concomitant renal cell carcinoma: a case report

A 58-year-old male presented to a clinic with general weakness. Right adrenal tumor was found by computed tomography and he was referred to our hospital. Imaging studies revealed right adrenal tumor (8 cm) with marked swelling of surrounding lymph nodes and synchronous left renal tumor (2 cm) that was weakly enhanced by contrast media. Needle biopsy of the left kidney proved to be clear cell type renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the preoperative diagnosis was left RCC and right primary adrenal cancer with lymph node metastasis. We performed right adrenalectomy, lymph node dissection and left radical nephrectomy. Pathological findings of right adrenal tumor and lymph nodes were both metastatic adenocarcinoma, which was not consistent with RCC or adrenal-derived carcinoma. Then, we extensively reviewed preoperative radiological examinations and found a small lesion in the left upper lung. This lesion was attached to the mediastinal shadow and there was no obvious lymph node swelling around this lesion. According to pathological findings and an elevation of carcinoembryogenic antigen, the adrenal lesion was diagnosed as adrenal metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.     

Simultaneously detected double malignancies on a duplicated kidney associated with atrophied counterpart: a case report]

A case of simultaneous double malignant tumor in the same kidney, associating renal cell carcinoma with renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma, in a 70 year-old-male was reported. On January 6, 2000 he presented with macroscopic hematuria. There were no remarkable findings on cystoscopic examination. Drip infusion pyelography and multidetector-row computed tomography demonstrated a tumor mass on the upper pole of the left kidney and atrophic right kidney. Systemic chemotherapy with CDDP, MTX and ADR was performed preoperatively. Then, hemi-left nephrectomy underwent with the diagnosis of renal pelvic tumor and renal tumor. The surgical specimen was pathologically diagnosed as transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and renal cell carcinoma of its upper pole. This is the 32nd case of simultaneous occurrence of renal cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma in the same kidney in the Japanese literature.     

Case of leiomyosarcoma of the renal pelvis

A 54-year-old man presented at the Mibayashi clinic with bowel discomfort. Ultrasonography showed a left renal mass and the patient was referred to Noto General Hospital for urological evaluation. Results of the physical examination were unremarkable, but computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large tumor in the middle of the left kidney. The patient underwent left nephrectomy. On hemisection of the kidney, a firm tumor, measuring 8 x 7.5 cm, was seen occupying the renal pelvis. The histological diagnosis was leiomyosarcoma arising from the right renal pelvis. No treatment was provided after surgery and no recurrence was observed 6 months postoperatively.     

Triple cancer in the urinary system: a case report

A 74-year-old male was referred to our hospital due to microhematuria that was pointed out at his health check-up. Cystoscopy showed many papillary bladder tumors under 5 mm in size. Intravenous pyelography also showed deformity of the right kidney and shadow defects in the left renal pelvis. Abdominal computed tomography revealed an 8 cm tumor invading the renal vein in the right kidney, and a 3 cm tumor in the left renal pelvis. Prostate biopsy was performed with PSA 3.4 ng/ml, and he was also diagnosed with prostate carcinoma. First, he received right radical nephrectomy, and secondly left nephroureterectomy and cystectomy. Our case should be called triple cancer because bladder cancer was thought to be daughter tumor of renal pelvic tumor. This is, to our knowledge, the 11th case report that occurred in the urinary tact, and the first case that needed total resection of urinary tract.     

Two cases of renal cell carcinoma accompanied with ossification]

We report two cases of renal cell carcinoma accompanied with ossification. Case 1: A 40-year-old male visited a physician with the complaint of epigastric pain. Examination of the stomach revealed compression of the greater curvature. Abdominal radiography and CT scan revealed a left renal mass with calcification, which was a hypovascular tumor on angiography. A transperitoneal left nephrectomy was performed. The resected kidney was 700g in weight and the tumor, which was 12 x 10 x 10 cm in size and located in the upper pole of the kidney, was enveloped with a hard capsule and was extensively necrotized. Histopathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma (papillary type, mixed subtype). Case 2: A 69-year-old female was occasionally pointed out to have a left renal mass in ultrasonic examination. It was accompanied with calcification in CT scan and a hypervascular tumor in angiography. A transperitoneal left nephrectomy was performed. The resected kidney was 320 g in weight and the tumor located in the lower pole of the kidney, was 6 x 6 x 6 cm in size and necrotized. Histopathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma (alveolar type, clear cell subtype). Microscopically in both cases, ossified tissue existed among the fibrous tissue in the necrotized lesion of the tumor, but not near the cancer cells and, it was accompanied by calcification. During the ossification process, the connective tissue proliferates after the necrosis of the tumor, and metaplasia occurred from its juvenile plastic cells to osteoblastic cells.     

Two cases of bilateral renal cell carcinoma in patients with Von Hipple-Lindau disease

Von Hipple-Lindau (VHL) disease is a rare familial cancer syndrome that is dominantly inherited and pre-disposes affected individuals to developing various tumors, including hemangioblastoma of the retina and central nervous system, and multicentric renal cell carcinoma. We report two cases of VHL disease with bilateral renal cell carcinoma. Case 1: A 53-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of bilateral kidney tumor incidentally found. We performed left laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and laparoscopic nephrectomy, ex vivo excision and reconstruction, and autotransplantation for the right kidney. Case 2: A 43-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of left kidney tumor incidentally found. Because the suspectious lesion in the right kidney was very small, we decided to follow it up with no treatment. We performed laparoscopic nephrectomy, ex vivo excision and reconstruction, and autotransplantation for left kidney.     

Metastatic tumor of the spermatic cord from renal cell carcinoma

A 56-year-old male visited our hospital with macroscopic hematuria. Physical and X-ray examinations showed he had right renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombosis in the inferior vena cava and the right spermatic vein. Radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy were performed and he was discharged with no evidence of disease 1 month after the operation. At 5 months after the discharge, he noticed a palpable mass in the scrotum. Right orchiectomy was performed. The tumor was located in the right spermatic cord and histological examination revealed it to be a renal cell carcinoma (clear cell subtype) which was a metastatic lesion from a right renal tumor. In this case, the renal cell carcinoma was considered to have retrogradely metastasized through the spermatic vein. In conclusion, a complete physical examination, including the spermatic cord is recommended during the follow-up period of renal cell carcinoma.     

A case of renal cell carcinoma arising in bilateral original kidneys after failure of transplant graft function]

We report a case of renal cell carcinoma arising in bilateral original kidneys after failure of transplant graft function. A 47-year-old man had received a living related renal transplantation on December 10, 1985. He had resumed hemodialysis (HD) therapy because of graft failure on January 8, 1996. Periodic computed tomography (CT), after resumption of HD, revealed multiple cystic change in bilateral original kidneys and a mass in the right kidney. He was referred to our hospital on August 4, 1998 for management of the increased right renal lesion. Abdominal angiography demonstrated a hypervascular and solid mass not only in the right kidney but also in the left kidney. He underwent transperitoneal bilateral nephrectomy. Histopathological examination revealed renal cell carcinoma, bilaterally, with alveolar type and granular cell subtype. He was free of evidence of recurrence and metastasis for 30 months after nephrectomy.     

Metastatic renal tumors: clinical report of three cases and review of 136 cases including 38 cases from the Japanese literature

Three cases of metastatic renal tumor are reported. The first case was of a 61-year-old man, who had a Miles' operation for rectal adenocarcinoma 30 months before, and suffered from high fever and right flank pain. Right nephrectomy was carried out and the kidney was found to contain an adenocarcinoma identical to the one previously removed from the rectum. He died 1 year after nephrectomy. The second case was of a 35-year-old man, who had undergone left pneumonectomy for a squamous cell carcinoma of the bronchus. One month later, he was readmitted with cloudiness of consciousness and high fever. Investigations revealed right kidney, adrenal gland and brain malignancies, and which were ectomized totally. On pathological examination all ectomized tissues were metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. He died 1 month after the second operation. The third case was of a 48-year-old man, who had undergone left pneumonectomy for a squamous cell carcinoma of the bronchus. One year after pneumonectomy, abdominal CT showed a left renal tumor. Right nephrectomy was performed and pathological examination revealed a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. He is now alive 4 months after nephrectomy without any sign of recurrence. A total of 136 cases of metastatic renal tumors including 38 cases from the Japanese literature, are reviewed.     

A case of bilateral renal cell carcinoma

A case of asynchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma is reported. A 52-year-old man with the chief complaint of asymptomatic gross hematuria visited our hospital on November 16, 1981. Intravesicular pyelography showed poor secretion of the left kidney, compression of its pelvis and calyces and normal visualization of the right kidney. On computer tomographic (CT) scanning, abdominal aortogram and left selective renal angiogram, a round tumor lesion on the left kidney was recognized. Under the diagnosis of left renal tumor, radical left nephrectomy was performed in December, 1981. Histological diagnosis was clear cell carcinoma of the left kidney. He was administered medroxyprogesterone acetate. In December, 1985, CT showed a space-occupying lesion laterally on the right kidney and another suspected tumorous lesion. On the right selective renal angiogram, a round hypervascular lesion about 3 cm in diameter was found on the upper portion of the right kidney. On February 10, 1986 simple surgical enucleation of the 2 renal tumors was performed. Histological diagnosis was the same as that of the left kidney. Postoperative course was uneventful. He is well without recurrence or metastasis 8 months after operation.     

A case of bilateral renal cell carcinoma showing a rapid course of death in a long-term hemodialysis patient due to polycystic kidney

A case of bilateral renal cell carcinoma in a 42-year-old polycystic kidney male is reported. He had been treated with hemodialysis for 22 years. An abnormal small mass was found in one of the left renal cystic lesions by screening ultrasonography and CT scan at the 19th year of the hemodialysis. Left radical nephrectomy was performed and the histological diagnosis was a renal cell carcinoma (RCC). There was no evidence of recurrence and metastasis, however, he presented with asymptomatic macrohematuria two years after the operation. CT scan demonstrated the rapidly progressing right renal tumor and multiple para-aortic lymph node swelling. Right nephrectomy and lymphadenectomy were performed and pathological examination showed the advanced RCC with multiple lymph node metastasis. Eleven months after the second operation followed by interferon therapy. he died of multiorgan metastasis of the RCC. This is the first bilateral RCC case in polycystic kidney patient treated with hemodialysis in Japan.     

A long-term survival after partial nephrectomy in a case of pelvic tumor arising in a solitary kidney

A 44-year-old man was admitted on January 21, 1975 because of asymptomatic hematuria. The patient had nephrectomy of his left kidney due to nephritis at the age of three. Cystoscopy revealed no abnormalities, and excretory urography showed an irregular filling defect and slight ectasia in right upper calyx. A clinical diagnosis of pelvic tumor of the right kidney was made and partial nephrectomy was performed on April 18, 1975. The resected kidney was 4.5 X 5.0 X 6.5 cm in greatest dimension and the tumor was well localized in the upper calyx. Pathological diagnosis was transitional cell carcinoma, papillary, grade 11, stage 1. About 2 years after the operation, the patient developed a rice-sized tumor in the bladder neck followed by transurethral resection. Otherwise he is in good condition to date, 7 years and 4 months after the partial nephrectomy.     

Simultaneous and metachronous pelvic bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma necessitating hemipelvectomy: report of two cases]

Two patients, one with and one without a history of nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, presented with lower abdominal pain. One of them, a 49-year-old man, had tumors in the right kidney and the right ischiadic bone. He underwent nephrectomy and pathologic findings showed renal cell carcinoma (tubular type, granular cell subtype, INF-gamma, G2). The other patient, a 33-year-old man with a previous history of left nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (tubular type, granular cell subtype, INF-alpha, G2), was found to have a large tumor in the pelvis, extending from the pubic and iliac bones to the hip joint. Both patients underwent embolization of the hypervascular mass using a vascular coil followed by hemipelvectomy under general anesthesia. The pathology reports confirmed bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Both patients survived surgery and their postoperative courses were uneventful without urinary or bowel incontinence. However, impaired potency was noted in the latter case. Immunotherapy with INF-alpha was resumed immediately after surgery.     

肾黏液小管状和梭形细胞癌的临床特点分析

目的 探讨肾黏液小管状和梭形细胞癌(MTSCCa)的临床特点、治疗和预后. 方法 MTSCCa患者4例.均为女性.年龄42～76岁,平均57岁.腰痛2例,其中伴肉眼血尿1例;体检发现肾肿瘤2例.肿瘤位于左肾3例,右肾1例.CT检查示肾内低密度影,增强后有轻度强化,且有延迟强化.肿瘤直径3.8～12.0 cm,平均6.8 cm.T1aN0M0 1例,T1bN0M0 2例,T2N0M0 1例.4例均行根治性肾切除术,其中1例行腹腔镜手术. 结果 4例手术顺利.肿瘤大体标本切面呈灰白色或灰褐色,周边有完整包膜.肿瘤内有出血区域:镜下表现为管状和梭形结构穿插于黏液样间质中,病理均诊断为肾MTSCCa.2例术后行干扰素及IL-2免疫治疗3个月.随访9～46个月,均未见复发或转移.结论 MTSCCa是一种罕见的低度恶性肾脏上皮肿瘤,多见于女性,早期手术切除是首选治疗方法,预后良好.     

Renal cell carcinoma with a huge solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland: A case report

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is capable of metastasizing to several organs. Synchronous isolated contralateral adrenal metastasis of the primary RCC is, however, very rare. Herein we report a case of RCC with a huge solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland that was surgically treated. We scheduled nephrectomy for the left primary RCC and adrenalectomy for the right adrenal tumor. However, at surgery we found a huge right adrenal tumor that had invaded the right kidney, right renal vein, and inferior vena cava. Therefore right nephrectomy was performed simultaneously with resection and reconstruction of the inferior vena cava. Pathological findings demonstrated that the left renal tumor and right adrenal tumor had the same histology. Although the patient required hemodialysis, he remains well at six months postoperatively. So far, there have been only two cases of a solitary contralateral metastatic adrenal tumor that was larger than the primary RCC, thus the present case is the third one.