Breast Cancer Subtypes as Defined by the Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) among Women with Invasive Breast Cancer in California, 1999–2004

Abstract: Breast cancer research examining either molecular profiles or biomarker subtypes has focused on the estrogen receptor negative/progesterone receptor negative/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (ER−/PR−/HER2−) and ER−/PR−/HER2+ subtypes. Less is known about the epidemiology or clinical outcome of the other subtypes. This study examines the eight combinations of ER/PR/HER2 in patients with invasive breast cancer. The 5‐year relative survival and the distribution among demographic, socioeconomic, and tumor characteristics of each of the subtypes are examined. Using the California Cancer Registry, 61,309 women with primary invasive breast cancer were classified according to ER/PR/HER2 status. Five‐year relative survival was computed for the eight subtypes. Bivariate analyses were used to assess the distribution of cases across all subtypes. Multivariate logistic regression was used to compute the adjusted odds of having one of the five subtypes with the best and worst survival. Survival varied from 96% (ER+/PR+/HER2−) to 76% (ER−/PR−/HER2+ and ER−/PR−/HER2−). The four subtypes with the poorest survival were all ER negative. Women who were younger than age 50, non‐Hispanic black or Hispanic, of the lowest SES groups, and had stage IV tumors that were undifferentiated were overrepresented in ER−/PR−/HER2+ and triple negative (ER−/PR−/HER2−) subtypes. Asian Pacific Islanders had increased odds (OR = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–1.57) of having the ER−/PR−/HER2+ subtype. Stage III tumors (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.08–1.44) and stage IV tumors (OR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.27–1.98) had higher odds than stage I tumors of being ER−/PR−/HER2+. Stage IV tumors (OR = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.44–0.67) strongly decreased the odds of the ER−/PR−/HER2− subtype. Poorly differentiated and undifferentiated tumors were over 20 times as likely as well‐differentiated tumors of being ER−/PR−/HER2− or ER−/PR−/HER2+. There are considerable differences in survival, demographics, and tumor characteristics among the eight subtypes. We recommend reporting breast cancer as an ER/PR/HER2 subtype and precisely documenting demographic and tumor characteristics.     

Prognostic indicators in male breast carcinoma

Twenty-nine male breast cancers (MBC) were studied to determine the relationship between expression of several prognostic factors and clinical outcome. Immunohistochemistry employing a labeled streptavidin-biotin method was used to detect the presence of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), cathepsin D (CD), c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and p53; results were visually semiquantitated. DNA ploidy was evaluated by image analysis (CAS 200) of 5 μm fixed embedded Feulgenstained tissue sections. For proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), nuclear immunostain was quantitated as percentage positive nuclear area (PPNA) by image cytometry (CAS 200). The frequency of expression was ER, 26/29 (89.7%); PR, 19/29 (65.5%); CD, 25/29 (86.2%); c-erbB-2, 5/29 (17.2%); EGFR, 4/29 (13.8%); and p53, 9/29 (31%). Twenty-one (72.4%) were aneuploid; the mean PPNA for PCNA was 37.87% (control 13%). Of 20 patients, 10 (50%) MBC had lymph node metastases; 6 (21%) had distant metastases to lung (1) and bone (5). Five of the patients died of MBC. Excluding the patients with only ductal carcinoma in situ, the 1-and 5-year survival rates were 90.5% and 56.3%, respectively. In this comprehensive study of a large number of available prognostic markers, their frequency (with the exception of higher ER and CD) and prognostic significance were similar to that in female breast carcinoma. Among clinical and standard pathologic unfavorable prognostic indicators, age ≥ 62 years was significant (p = .004). Trends toward reduced survival were associated with axillary lymph node metastases (p = .145), ER negativity (p = .058), PR negativity (p = .116), and aneuploid DNA content (p = .201).     

Prognostic Value of Breast Cancer Subtypes,Ki‐67 Proliferation Index,Age, and Pathologic Tumor Characteristics on Breast Cancer Survival in Caucasian Women

Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status are well‐established prognostic markers in breast cancer management. The triple negative breast carcinoma subtype (ER‐/PR‐/HER2‐) has been associated with worse overall prognosis in comparison with other subtypes in study populations consisting of ethnic minorities and young women. We evaluated the prognostic value of breast cancer subtypes, Ki‐67 proliferation index (Ki‐67PI), and pathologic tumor characteristics on breast cancer survival in Caucasian women in our institution, where greater than 90% of the total patient population is white. From 628 new invasive breast cancer cases in our data base (2000‐late 2004), 593 (94%) were identified in Caucasian women. ER/PR/HER2 breast cancer subtypes were classified based on St. Gallen International Expert Consensus recommendations from 2011. ER/PR/HER2 status and its effect on survival were analyzed using a Kaplan–Meier curve. ER/PR/HER2 status, grade, tumor‐node‐metastasis status (TNM)/anatomic stage, and age were analyzed in terms of survival in a multivariate fashion using a Cox regression. Ki‐67PI was analyzed between ER/PR/HER2 groups using the Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U‐tests, and 2 × 5 ANOVA. Our results showed that patients with stage IIB through stage IV breast carcinomas were 2.1–16 times more likely to die than patients with stages IA‐B and IIA disease, respectively (95% CI 1.17–3.81 through 9.68–28.03, respectively), irrespective of ER/PR/HER2 subtype. Similar effect was seen with T2, N2/N3, or M1 tumors in comparison with T1, N0/N1, and M0 tumors. Chances of dying increase approximately 5% for every year increase in age. There was a significant main effect of Ki‐67PI between ER/PR/HER2 subtypes, p < .001, but Ki‐67PI could not predict survival. In summary, TNM status/anatomic stage of breast carcinomas and age are predictive of survival in our patient population of Caucasian women, but breast carcinoma subtypes and Ki‐67 proliferation index are not.     

Is breast cancer from Sub Saharan Africa truly receptor poor? Prevalence of ER/PR/HER2 in breast cancer from Kenya

ObjectivesStudies on ER/PR/HER2 in breast cancer from Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) are fraught with inconsistencies in the prevalence of hormone receptor status. In Kenya, ER/PR/HER2 for breast cancers is not part of routine assessment and available in only three to four centers across the country. Variability in methodology and interpretation makes comparison between data difficult. Our aim was to accurately determine the prevalence of ER/PR/HER2 using standardized techniques and double reporting. Prognostic tumor parameters were also correlated with clinical features and receptor status.Materials and methodsConsecutive invasive breast cancers (IBC) accrued between September 2011 and December 2012 were analyzed at Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi (AKUHN). Tumor blocks were stained for ER/PR/HER2 on an automated platform. Double reporting of ER/PR/HER2 was done using the Allred system and the ASCO/CAP guidelines respectively.ResultsA total of 301 cases of IBC were analyzed for pathology and ER/PR/HER2. The age range of patients was 19–94 years with a median of 47.5 years. Invasive ductal carcinoma (NOS) was the most common histologic type (84.2%). ER positivity was seen in 72.8%, PR in 64.8% and HER2 in 17.6% of all cases. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) constituted 20.2% of the cases. There was a significant association between receptor status and histologic grade (p < 0.001) and statistically significant trend of increasing pathological stage of tumor (pT) associated with TNBC (p = 0.020).ConclusionsWe present a definitive prospective analysis of ER/PR/HER2 from a single center and demonstrate that prevalence of receptor status from SSA is comparable with that in the West.     

The biology of male breast cancer

Important differences have begun to emerge concerning the molecular profile of female and male breast cancer which may prove to be of therapeutic value. This review examined all the available data on the genomics of MBC. Most male cancers are ER+ve but without a corresponding increase in PR positivity and only a weaker association with estrogen-controlled markers such as PS2, HSP27 and Cathepsin-D. HER2 +ve cancers are rare in males and the role of androgen receptor is controversial. Although the Luminal A phenotype was the most frequent in both MBC and FBC, no Luminal B or HER2 phenotypes were found in males and the basal phenotype was very rare. Using hierarchical clustering in FBC, ERα clustered with PR, whereas in MBC, ERα associated with ERβ and AR. Based on limited data it appears that Oncotype DX is effective in determining recurrence risk in selected MBC. In future, tailored therapies based on genomics will probably yield the most promising approach for both MBC and FBC.     

男性乳腺癌38例临床病理分析

目的 分析男性乳腺癌的临床病理及分子分型特点。方法 回顾分析宁波市临床病理诊断中心2013年1月至2019年3月38例男性乳腺癌病例的临床病理和分子分型资料。结果 38例男性乳腺癌病人，占同期乳腺癌病人0.83%，中位年龄68.5（24～88）岁，病灶位于左侧20例，位于右侧18例。其中29例为浸润性导管癌，2例为分泌性癌，1例为实性乳头状癌伴微浸润， 2例为导管内乳头状癌伴微浸润，4例为包裹性乳头状癌（其中2例伴微浸润）。浸润性导管癌组织学分级Ⅰ级2例，Ⅱ级20例，Ⅲ级7例。16例伴淋巴结转移。免疫组化染色：36例ER 阳性，35例PR阳性。分子分型Luminal A型18例，Luminal B型16例，基底细胞型2例。结论 男性乳腺癌少见，发病年龄较晚，临床分期较高，预后较差，且发生第2种原发性癌的可能性增加，加强对其认识，争取早期诊断、治疗及监测非常重要。男性乳腺癌仍须扩大样本量进一步研究。     

Characteristics and outcomes according to molecular subtypes of breast cancer as classified by a panel of four biomarkers using immunohistochemistry

To investigate the significance of immunohistochemical molecular subtyping, we evaluated outcomes of subtypes based on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67. Using tissue microarrays, 1006 breast cancer patients between November 1999 and August 2005 were categorized into four subtypes: luminal A (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2-, Ki-67 < 14%), luminal B (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2-, Ki-67 ≥ 14% or ER+ and/or PR+, HER2+), HER2-enriched (ER-, PR-, HER2+), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (ER-, PR-, HER2-). Demographics, recurrence patterns, and survival were retrospectively analyzed using uni-/multivariate analyses. Luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and TNBC accounted for 53.1%, 21.7%, 9.0%, and 16.2% of cases, respectively. Luminal A presented well-differentiation and more co-expression of hormone receptors comparing to luminal B. HER2-enriched showed larger size and higher nodal metastasis. TNBC demonstrated younger age at diagnosis, larger size, undifferentiation, higher proliferation, and frequent visceral metastases. The peak of recurrence for luminal A was at 36 months postoperatively, while that for HER2-enriched and TNBC peaked at 12 months. The relapse risk of luminal B was mixed. Luminal A showed the best survival, but no difference was observed between the other three subtypes. When matched by nodal status, however, TNBC showed the worst outcomes in node-positive patients. In multivariate analyses, luminal A remained a positive prognostic significance. Immunohistochemically-defined subtypes showed different features, recurrence patterns, and survival. Therefore, molecular subtypes using four biomarkers could provide clinically useful information of tumor biology and clinical behaviors, and could be used for determining treatment and surveillance strategies.     

乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中PTTG及COX2的表达及临床意义

目的:检测乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中垂体肿瘤转化基因(pituitary tumor-transforming gene,PTTG)和环氧化酶2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX2)的蛋白表达水平并分析与其他临床病理特征的关系。方法:用免疫组织化学Evinson法检测104例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中PTTG和COX2的蛋白表达水平。结果:104例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中,有95例检测到PTTG阳性表达,阳性率为91%,其中41例呈低表达(39%),54例呈高表达(52%)。104例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中,有70例检测到COX2阳性表达,阳性率为67%,其中53例呈低表达(51%),17例呈高表达(16%);PTTG表达与肿瘤大小、组织学分级密切相关,组织学分级越高,PTTG表达越强,PTTG表达与年龄、淋巴结转移、ER、PR和HER2状态无关;COX2表达与ER表达、肿瘤大小、组织学分级和淋巴结转移相关,ER( )组的COX2表达高于ER(-)组,COX2表达与PTTG表达、年龄、PR和HER2状态无关。结论:PTTG和COX2在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达可能促进乳腺浸润性导管癌的发生发展,并且与低分化、预后不良有关。COX2可能通过刺激雌激素合成来促进乳腺癌细胞增殖。COX2可能促进乳腺癌侵袭转移。     

乳腺导管原位癌、微浸润癌及浸润性癌临床病理指标表达差异分析

目的：比较乳腺导管原位癌（DCIS）、导管原位癌伴微浸润（DCIS-MI）及浸润性乳腺癌（IDC）临床病理及免疫组化特征。方法回顾性分析2008至2013年的214例乳腺癌患者的临床病理资料,其中DCIS 66例,DCIS-MI 48例,IDC 100例。根据免疫组化结果分为4组：Luminal-A [ER（＋）和／或 PR（＋）,HER2（－）],Luminal-B [ER（＋）和／或 PR（＋）,HER2（＋）],HER2（＋）型[ER（－）,PR（－）,HER2（＋）],和三阴型[ER（－）,PR（－）,HER2（－）]。结果从DCIS、DCIS-MI到IDC,肿瘤大小逐渐增加（P＜0．001）。IDC腋窝淋巴结阳性率高于DCIS和DCIS-MI（P＜0．001）。ER、PR、HER2阳性表达在纯DCIS、DCIS-MI与IDC之间的表达显著差异,P值均小于0．05。随着浸润的发展,Luminal-like 型比例下降,而HER2＋型和三阴型的比例增加（P＝0．016）。Ki-67指数分别为DCIS（10．4±12．9）％,DCIS-MI（13．9±16．3）％,IDC（43．9±26．4）％（P＜0．001）。结论在DCIS、DCIS-MI、IDC中不同亚型的分布以及各自的临床病理特点表明它们之间存在很大不同。     

ER、PR、HER2和Ki-67在乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后表达变化的临床意义

【摘要】 目的 探讨新辅助化疗前后ER、PR、HER2、Ki-67表达的改变与乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的关系。方法 收集广东省妇幼保健院乳腺外科2007年1月1日至2012年12月31日收治的72例接受新辅助化疗的ⅡA~ⅢC期的乳腺癌资料,回顾性分析临床特征、ER、PR、HER2及Ki-67表达水平与新辅助化疗疗效的关系。结果 72例乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗总有效率(RR)为76.4%(55/72),其中有16.7%(12/72) 病例达临床完全缓解(CR),59.7%(43/72)病例达临床部分缓解(PR)。23.6%(17/72)的病例为病情稳定(SD),无患者获得疾病进展(PD),病理完全缓解(pCR)7例(9.72%)。原发肿瘤大小、ER、PR、Ki-67表达与新辅助化疗的临床有效率相关(P<0.05);病理完全缓解率(pCR)与ER、PR状态相关(P<0.05);ER新辅助前后发生改变的约22.2%,PR发生改变的约25.0%,HER2发生改变的约15.3%,Ki-67发生改变的约55.6%;新辅助化疗疗效与ER、PR、Ki-67化疗前后的改变相关(P<0.05),与HER2的改变无关(P>0.05)。结论 乳腺癌新辅助化疗后ER、PR、HER2和Ki-67的表达可发生改变,并且ER、PR和Ki-67表达的改变可预测新辅助化疗的疗效。     

Isolated pachymeningeal metastasis from breast cancer: Clinical features and prognostic factors

PurposeTo evaluate the clinical features and prognoses of patients with isolated pachymeningeal metastasis (IPM) from breast cancer.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of all patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treated from January 2009 to August 2016. Eligibility criteria included diagnosis of pachymeningeal metastasis based on brain magnetic resonance imaging and histologic diagnosis of primary breast cancer. We excluded patients with concomitant parenchymal or leptomeningeal metastases.ResultsThirty-eight patients who matched our inclusion criteria were included in this study. The incidence of IPM in breast cancer was 1.5% of all patients with MBC. The molecular subtype distribution was: triple negative, 29.0%; ER+/HER2−, 44.7%; ER+/HER2+, 18.4%; and ER−/HER2+, 7.9%. All isolated pachymeningeal involvement resulted from the direct extension of skull metastases. The median time to IPM from systemic metastasis was 28.6 (95% CI: 23.6–33.6) months. The median time to IPM from skull metastasis was 5.2 (95% CI: 0–10.9) months. The median overall survival (OS) from IPM was 4.0 (95% CI: 2.5–5.5) months. In patients who received chemotherapy the OS was longer than for those who received radiotherapy or supportive care only [median OS 8.9 (95% CI: 0.0–18.4), 2.8 (95% CI: 0.5–5.0), and 0.8 (95% CI: 0.6–1.1) months, respectively (p = 0.006)]. Multivariate analysis revealed that good performance status and chemotherapy were associated with better survival outcomes.ConclusionStratified evaluation is required for patients with skull metastasis from breast cancer, as pachymeningeal involvement can develop and be associated with unsuspected outcomes.     

Changes in therapeutic strategies in Chinese male patients with breast cancer: 40 years of experience in a single institute

The changes in therapeutic strategies were determined and the efficacy of radical mastectomy (RM) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM) on Chinese male breast cancer (MBC) patients was compared. Seventy MBC patients, with a median age of 61 years, were enrolled. The characteristics of MBC were compared in cohort A (1969–1997) and cohort B (1998–2009), and the prognosis was compared between the RM and MRM groups. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma accounted for 81.4% of all cases; 93.7% were estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)-positive. More patients in cohort B accepted multidisciplinary treatment, MRM, adjuvant chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy than those in cohort A; however, the 5-year overall survival rates were similar in the two cohorts. The overall survival curves, locoregional recurrence rates, and systematic metastatic rates were similar in the RM and MRM groups. Currently, more MBC patients receive conservative surgery; MRM may be equally effective as RM for MBC.     

Prognosis of Japanese Breast Cancer Based on Hormone Receptor and HER2 Expression Determined by Immunohistochemical Staining

BACKGROUND: We classified Japanese breast cancer patients based on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 protein expression and compared their prognoses. METHODS: We compared the background and prognostic factors of 600 patients with breast cancer who were assigned to the following groups: luminal A (ER + and/or PR + and HER2-; n = 431; 71.8%), luminal B (ER + and/or PR + and HER2 + ; n = 27; 4.5%), HER2 (ER-, PR-, and HER2 + ; n = 39; 6.5%) and basal-like (BBC; ER-, PR-, and HER2-; n = 103; 17.2%). RESULTS: Background factors did not significantly differ among the groups. Disease-free survival rates were significantly lower for the luminal B, HER2, and BBC subtypes than for the luminal A subtype. Cancer tended to recur earlier and overall survival was significantly lower for the BBC than for the luminal A and HER2 subtypes. Overall survival rates for the luminal B, HER2, and luminal A subtypes were comparable. CONCLUSIONS: The subtype distribution for Japanese and Caucasian patients was comparable. The prognosis for the BBC subtype was poorest among all subtypes. Breast cancer tended to recur earlier for the luminal B and HER2 subtypes than for the luminal A subtype; however, overall survival did not significantly differ among them.     

Is the TNM Staging System for Breast Cancer Still Relevant in the Era of Biomarkers and Emerging Personalized Medicine for Breast Cancer – An Institution's 10‐year Experience

We have previously demonstrated that TNM status and age were significant predictors of overall survival (OS) in our study population of Caucasian patients with invasive breast carcinoma (2000–2004 study period). However, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) biomarker expression was not predictive of OS when using the five‐group ER/PR/HER2 subtype classification system recommended by St. Gallen International Consensus Panel in 2011. The current study reassessed the relevance of tumor biomarkers (ER/PR/HER2) in our study population using a recently proposed biologic TNM (bTNM) classification system in which the inclusion of triple negative ER/PR/HER2 phenotype (TNP) could improve the prognostic accuracy of TNM for staging, prognosis and treatment of breast cancer patients. Seven hundred eighty‐two Caucasian women diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma from 1998 to 2008 were grouped according to their TNM stage and TNP versus non‐TNP ER/PR/HER2 phenotype. OS was measured comparing these categories using Kaplan Meier curves and Cox regression analysis. TNM stage (Stage II = HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.01–1.97; Stage III = HR 3.96, 95% CI 2.68–5.88; Stage IV = HR 27.25, 95% CI 16.84–44.08), and age (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04–1.06) were significant predictors of OS. TNP significantly worsened prognosis/survival only in higher TNM stages (Stage III = HR 3.08, 95% CI 1.88–5.04, Stage IV = HR 24.36, 95% CI 13.81–42.99), but not in lower stages (I and II). Our data support the traditional TNM staging as a continued relevant predictive tool for breast cancer outcomes and show that biomarkers primarily improve the accuracy of TNM staging in advanced stages of breast cancer. We suspect that type of ER/PR/HER2 classification system(s) (St. Gallen, TNP, etc.), characteristics of populations studied (Caucasians, minorities, etc.), and the time period chosen for a study are major factors that determine impact of biomarkers on the prognostic accuracy of TNM. We propose systematic analyses of these factors before biomarkers are fully incorporated into the TNM staging system (bTNM).     

Immunohistochemical prediction of brain metastases in patients with advanced breast cancer: The role of Rad51

BackgroundThere are no clinically useful biomarkers predictive of brain metastases (BM) in breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the correlation between expression of selected proteins in the primary tumor and the risk of BM in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).MethodsThe study included 198 MBC patients (96 with and 102 without BM). Using tissue microarrays derived from the primary tumor, we assessed by immunohistochemical expression of ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67, CK5/6, EGFR, HER3, CXCR4, Rad51, E-cadherin, and claudin 3 and 4.ResultsKi-67 ≥14% (hazard ratio [HR] 2.76; P < 0.001), cytoplasmic expression of Rad51 (HR 1.87; P = 0.014) and ER-negativity (HR 1.72; P = 0.029) were associated with increased risk of BM in the multivariate analysis. A three-biomarker profile including ER, Ki-67 and Rad51 vs. other subtypes combined yielded an HR of 4.43 (P < 0.001).ConclusionsER-negativity, cytoplasmic expression of Rad51 and high Ki-67 are associated with increased risk of BM.     

Male breast cancer: Looking for better prognostic subgroups

PurposeMale Breast Cancer (MBC) remains a poor understood disease. Prognostic factors are not well established and specific prognostic subgroups are warranted.Patients/methodsRetrospectively revision of 111 cases treated in the same Cancer Center. Blinded-central pathological revision with immunohistochemical (IHQ) analysis for estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and androgen (AR) receptors, HER2, ki67 and p53 was done. Cox regression model was used for uni/multivariate survival analysis. Two classifications of Female Breast Cancer (FBC) subgroups (based in ER, PR, HER2, 2000 classification, and in ER, PR, HER2, ki67, 2013 classification) were used to achieve their prognostic value in MBC patients. Hierarchical clustering was performed to define subgroups based on the six-IHQ panel.ResultsAccording to FBC classifications, the majority of tumors were luminal: A (89.2%; 60.0%) and B (7.2%; 35.8%). Triple negative phenotype was infrequent (2.7%; 3.2%) and HER2 enriched, non-luminal, was rare (≤1% in both). In multivariate analysis the poor prognostic factors were: size >2 cm (HR:1.8; 95%CI:1.0–3.4years, p = 0.049), absence of ER (HR:4.9; 95%CI:1.7–14.3years, p = 0.004) and presence of distant metastasis (HR:5.3; 95%CI:2.2–3.1years, p < 0.001). FBC subtypes were independent prognostic factors (p = 0.009, p = 0.046), but when analyzed only luminal groups, prognosis did not differ regardless the classification used (p > 0.20). Clustering defined different subgroups, that have prognostic value in multivariate analysis (p = 0.005), with better survival in ER/PR+, AR-, HER2-and ki67/p53 low group (median: 11.5 years; 95%CI: 6.2–16.8 years) and worst in PR-group (median:4.5 years; 95%CI: 1.6–7.8 years).ConclusionFBC subtypes do not give the same prognostic information in MBC even in luminal groups. Two subgroups with distinct prognosis were identified in a common six-IHQ panel. Future studies must achieve their real prognostic value in these patients.     

HER2阳性乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后免疫分型变化的研究

目的探讨HER2阳性乳腺癌新辅助化疗后雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、细胞增殖核抗原Ki－67(Ki－67)、HER2变化。 方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2017年12月进行乳腺癌新辅助化疗且HER2为阳性的患者66例资料。所有患者化疗前行经超声引导下穿刺取病理活检,并于术后行病理检查。采用SPSS19.0统计学软件处理,观察患者在辅助化疗前后ER、PR、Ki67、HER2水平变化,采用(例,%)表示,行卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果66例HER2阳性乳腺癌新辅助化疗患者化疗后,PR出现上调表达最高,为19.32%,同时也是下调表达最高,为25.57%;ER保持不变比例最高(74.43%);Ki67下调率为23.86%,明显高于上调率的12.50%,保持不变比例63.64%;66例患者中7例患者经过新辅助化疗后HER2转为阴性,转阴率为10.61%。 结论HER2阳性乳腺癌新辅助化疗后部分患者的ER、PR、会出现上调或者下调的变化,Ki－67出现一定比例的下降、HER2部分转阴,这种变化对乳腺癌的分型以及术后治疗药物的选择均会产生影响。     

高龄早期乳腺癌的治疗经验(病例报道及文献复习)

总结我科最近一例高龄早期乳腺癌患者的临床资料,通过多学科治疗团队分析高龄早期乳腺癌的麻醉方式、手术、辅助放疗、辅助化疗及内分泌治疗对患者影响制定治疗方案,最终在在利多卡因局部浸润麻醉下顺利接受左乳癌保乳术,术后10天愈合。术后病理:左乳浸润性乳头状癌,直径约4 cm,前哨淋巴结阴性,ER(95%+),PR(95%+),HER-2(0),Ki-67(20%+)。术后未接受辅助放疗及全身系统辅助治疗。多学科治疗团队治疗前评估高龄乳腺癌治疗获益及风险,可为高龄乳腺癌患者制定明确安全且可靠的治疗方案。