A Novel Technique for the Preparation of 12sI-5-trimethylstannyl1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabino-furanosyl) Urail and Its Biodistribution Pattern in Kunming Mice

In this study,a novel technique for the preparation of 125I-5-trimethylstannyl1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) urail (FIAU) was developed,125I-FIAU biodistribution profile was detected in K...     

Experimental studies on imaging of infected site with 99mTc-labeled ciprofloxacin in mice

Background Bacterial infection can pose a substantial diagnostic dilemma. 99m^Tc-labeled ciprofloxacin （CPF） was developed as a biologically active radiopharmaceutical to diagnose infection. In the present research, we studied the biodistribution and imaging properties of infection tracer 99m^Tc-CPF in a mouse model of infection. Methods CPF was labeled with 99m^Tc and the radiochemical purity and labeling rate were measured. A mouse model of infection was established. We then determined the biodistribution of 99m^Tc-CPF and conducted the whole body scintigraphy of the animal model. Results 99m^Tc-Ciprotech was stable for at least 6 hours at room temperature. The labeling rate of CPF by 99m^Tc was over 90%. Clearance of radioactivity mainly occurred in the liver and kidney, and the clearance from blood was rapid. Both biodistribution and imaging results showed higher uptake of 99m^Tc-CPF at sites of infection. The infectious tissue/normal tissue ratio peak was 4.30 at 4 hours after injection. Conclusions 99m^Tc-CPF is a sensitive radiopharmaceutical for scintigraphy of infectious lesions and it is easy to prepare.     

Studies on Male Antifertilitic and Immunomodulatory Effects of TW19

TW 19 is a diterpene compound isolated from the root cortex of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hood. F. . Its effects on the immune function in ICR mice and the male fertility in SD rats, ICR mice and Kunming mice were evaluated. TW19 was given orally for 5 weeks. Then the antifertilitic effect was assessed by mating test. The results showed that EDso for anti-fertilitic were 332 μg/kg, 369. 9 μg/kg and 286. 8 μg/kg per day in SD rats, ICR mice and Kunming mice respectively. After the treatment of TW 19 at anti fertility dose for 5 weeks consecutively, the spermatozoa density and motility of trial animals reduced significantly. The weight of testis also declined in SD rats and Kunming mice, but no effects were observed in ICR mice. TW 19 inhibited proliferation of splenic T and B-lymphocytes of ICR mice in vitro and hence inhibited the antibody formation in vivo, but compared with T 4, the immunosuppressive effect of TW 19 was less obvious.     

Purification of Fibronectin in Human Plasma and the Preparation of Its Antiserum

The techniquc of purification of plasma fibroncctin and preparation of its antiserum is re-ported in this paper.Blood plasma was passed through an affinity column of gclatin-Sepharose 4B,fol-lowed by passing throughia column of Scphadex G200.Fibronectin with high purity was obtained.The prepare fibronectin serum.It was found that there were not only specific immune reactions be-tween the anti-human fibronectin serum and hyman fibronectins,but also cross reactions between theanti-serum and the fibronectin from other animals.The serum can be used for the study ofimmunohistochernistry of the fibronectin.     

On the Chemistry of Pheophorbide a:A Novel Photosensitizer

A method for the preparation of pheophorbide a(a novel photosensiti-zer for tumor photolocalization and photodynamic therapy)from silkwormexcrement oily chlorophyll is reported.The chromatographic,spectroscopic andphotochemical properties of pheophorbide a were studied,and its distribution intissues of S180 tumor-bearing mice was determined.The UV/visspectrum of the obtained pheophorbide a was identical with thatreported by other authers,but it was still found to contain at least twocomponents(probably two optical isomers)by HPLC analysis and~1H-NMR spectrometry.The results of a preliminary study on itsdistribution in tumor-bearing mice showed that it was accumulatedselectively in tumor tissues after intravenous injection and at 24 hoursafter drug administration the tumor to skin ratio rose to as high as 15.     

Inhibitory effects of TLR7/8ligand R-848on IgE production of murine in vivo

Objective To investigate whether R-848 could inhibit IgE production of mice immunized with OVA plus ALUM in vivo.Methods BALB/c mice were immunized s.c on the back with PBS,OVA,OVA plus R-848,OVA plus CpG,OVA plus ALUM,and OVA plus ALUM in R-848 or CpG every two weeks for three times.The blood from the mice was harvested after the last immunization,and the concentration of OVA specific or total IgE,IgG1 and IgG2a in the sera was determined;the splenocytes from the immunized mice were harvested and cultured with or without OVA for 3 days,and the concentration of IL-4 and IFNγ in the supernatants was determined.Results Firstly,we investigated that R-848 as Th1 adjuvant could enhance the production of OVA specific IgG2a in mice immunized with OVA.Secondly,further study showed that R-848 could inhibit the production of OVA specific IgE and total IgE,and promote the production of OVA specific IgG2a in the sera of mice immunized with OVA plus ALUM.Moreover,the results of ELISA showed that R-848 inhibiting IgE production was related to its reducing IL-4 production and enhancing IFNγ production.Conclusion R-848 could inhibit IgE production of mice immunized with OVA plus ALUM in vivo.     

Anti-leishmanial,immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative activity of quercetin against cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of quercetin and its immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative activity against Leishmania major(L. major).Methods: L. major promastigotes and amastigotes were incubated with different concentrations of quercetin to estimate EC50. For in vivo study, the base of tails of mice was infected with L. major. After developing ulcers in the inoculation site, mice were treated with 50mg/kg quercetin orally for 28 consecutive days. The wound-healing poten...     

Simultaneous Determination of Six Quaternary Ammonium Alkaloids in Coptidis Rhizoma by UPLC

Objective To establish a new, rapid, and reliable reversed-phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of six quaternary ammonium alkaloids (QAAs) in Coptidis Rhizoma. Methods The effect of different experimental parameters on the analysis of QAAs by RP-UPLC was evaluated. Results Optimal resolution was achieved with an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column using a gradient elution profile and a mobile phase consisting of water spiked with 10 mmol/L ammonium bicarbonate (A, pH adjusted to 10.0 by ammonia water) and acetonitrile (B), at a flow rate of 0.30 mL/min and wavelength of 345 nm. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The proposed method was found to be reproducible, precise, and rapid according to the method validation. Conclusion The proposed method, which is compatible with MS analysis and the preparation of QAA, provides some helpful insights into the quality control of Coptidis Rhizoma.     

Mobilization efficiency of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and stem cell factor to bone marrow mononuclear cells and mechanisms

The mobilization efficiency of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) to bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) in mice was observed, and the changes of CXCL12/CXCR4 signal were detected in order to find out the mobilization mechanism of stem cells. Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups. The mice in treatment group were subjected to subcutaneous injection of G-CSF at a dose of 100 μg/kg and SCF at a dose of 25 μg/kg every day for 5 days, and those in control grou...     

抗ProGRP(31-98)单克隆抗体D-D3的131I标记及其体内生物学分布研究

目的 探讨抗胃泌素释放肽前体(ProGRP)(31-98)单克隆抗体D-D3的131I标记方法 及其在健康昆明小鼠体内的生物学分布规律与特点.方法 采用氯胺-T法用131I标记单克隆抗体D-D3,利用纸层析法测定其标记率、放化纯度和稳定性.取健康昆明小鼠50只,随机分为10组,每组5只,自昆明小鼠尾静脉注射131I-D...     

^125I标记抗人ADAMl51多克隆抗体在荷胃癌裸鼠体内的生物分布和放射免疫显像

目的研究^125I标记抗人ADAMl5多克隆抗体（^125I-anti-ADAMl5抗体）在荷人胃癌裸鼠体内的生物分布。方法以氯胺T法制备^125I-anti-ADAMl5抗体并测定其在生理盐水和人血清中的稳定性。经荷胃癌裸鼠模型尾静脉注入^125I-anti-ADAMl5抗体后1、4、8、24和48h对裸鼠进行SPECT平面显像,采用感兴趣区（ROI）技术进行半定量分析,计算肿瘤与非瘤组织的放射性计数比值（T／NT）和肿瘤与裸鼠全身的放射性计数比值。于48h显像后处死荷瘤裸鼠,取心、肺、甲状腺和肿瘤等多个脏器组织称重并测量其放射性计数,计算各组织的每克组织百分注射剂量率（％ID／g）。结果^125I-anti-ADAMl5抗体标记率为（75．16d-9．43）％,纯化后放射化学纯度可达（99．44d-O．21）％。经尾静脉注入^125I-anti。ADAMl5抗体后,随时间的延长,T／NT逐渐增高。在48h时肿瘤清晰显影,T／NT可达3．84±0．43。结论^125I-anti-ADAMl5抗体在荷胃癌裸鼠体内具有肿瘤靶向定位能力,能获得良好的放射免疫显像图像。     

氟-18标记的吡啶基哒螨灵类似物的合成及生物性能

目的设计并合成一种氟-18标记的哒螨灵类似物:4-氯-2-叔丁基-5-[[6-[[4-[2-[2-[2-氟[18F]乙氧基]乙氧基]乙氧基]-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]甲基]-2-吡啶基]甲氧基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮([18F]FPTP-P3),并评价其用于心肌灌注显像的可能性。方法采用[18F]F-取代OTs前体的方法进行标记,通过稳定性研究、脂水分配系数测定、生物分布实验等手段对标记物进行评价。结果 [18F]FPTP-P3的总制备时间为70～90 min,校正后的放化产率为36±5.6%,放化纯>98%。[18F]FPTP-P3为脂溶性化合物,在水溶液中可稳定放置3 h以上。生物分布实验结果显示,[18F]FPTP-P3在小鼠心肌具有一定的初始摄取,且肝部清除较快,但其心肌滞留较差。结论 [18F]FPTP-P3不具有用于心肌显像的潜力。     

Reversal of multi-drug resistance by vector-based-ShRNA-Mdr1 <Emphasis Type="Italic">In Vitro</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">In Vivo</Emphasis>

In order to investigate the effects of vector-based hairpin small interference RNA （shRNA） on the reversal of multi-drug resistance （mdr） of A2780/Taxol cells, a novel vector pEGFP-HI/mdrl containing mdrl-shRNA targeting at position 2943-2963 of mdrl was designed and synthesized. Subsequently, A2780/Taxol cells were transfected with pEGFP-H1/rndrl, and the expression ofmdrl mRNA and P-gp was detected by using RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. MTT was used to measure the 50% inhibition concentration （IC50） of Taxol to A2780/Taxol cells. The results showed that at the 24th and 48th h after transfection, the expression of mdrl mRNA was decreased to （52.1±1.0）% and （0.01±1.7）%, and that of P-gp decreased to （88.3±2.1）% and 0%, respectively. At the 48th h after transfection, the relative reversal rate of A2780/Taxol cells to Taxol was 69.54%. In vivo, the nude mice xenografts were injected with pEGFP-H1/mdrl, and then administrated Taxol. The tumor volume in pEGFP-H1/mdrl-transfected group was significantly reduced as compared with that in blank control group or pEGFP-Hl-transfected group （807.20±103.16 vs 1563.78±210.54 or 1480.78±241.24 mm^3, both P〈0.01）. These results suggested that transfection of pEGFP-HI/mdrl could efficiently down-regulate the expression of mdrl mRNA and P-gp in A2780/Taxol cells, and effectively restore the sensitivity of A2780/Taxol ceils to Taxol both in vitro and in vivo.     

Liposome-mediated functional expression of multiple drug resistance gene in human bone marrow CD34<Superscript>+</Superscript> cells

Summary The expression and functional activity of multiple drug resistance (MDR1) gene in human normal bone marrow CD34⁺ cells was observed. Human normal bone marrow CD34⁺ cells were enriched with magnetic cell sorting (MACS) system, and then liposome-mediated MDR1 gene was transferred into bone marrow CD34⁺ cells. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter was used to evaluate the expression and functional activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) encoded by MDR1 gene. It was found that the purity of bone marrow CD34⁺ cells was approximately (91±4.56) % and recovery rate was (72.3±2.36) % by MACS. The expression of P-gp in the transfected CD34⁺ cells was obviously higher than that in non-transfected CD34⁺ cells. The amount of P-gp in non-transfected CD34⁺ cells was (11.2±2.2) %, but increased to (23.6±2.34) % 48 h after gene transfection (P<0.01). The amount of P-gp was gradually decreased to the basic level one week later. The accumulation and extrusion assays showed that the overexpression of P-gp could efflux Rh-123 out of cells and there was low fluorescence within the transfected cells. The functional activity of P-gp could be inhibited by 10 μg/ml verapamil. It was suggested that the transient and highly effective expression and functional activity of P-gp could be obtained by liposome-mediated MRD1 transferring into human normal bone marrow CD34⁺ cells. CAO Wenjing, female, born in 1968, Doctor in Charge     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Attractin</Emphasis> gene deficiency contributes to testis vacuolization and sperm dysfunction in male mice

The effect of loss-of-function of Attractin （Atrn） on the male mouse reproduction system was examined in the study. The weights and pathological changes of testes and epididymes were compared between Atrn mutant （Atrnmg-3J） mice and wild-type mice （C3HeB/FeJ） at different months of age. The number and motility of sperms were measured in the mutant and control mice. Furthermore, the testicular lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） and succinate dehydrogenase （SDH） in these animals were detected. The fertility potential of the sperms was observed in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that the testes of 3-month-old Atrnmg-3J mice experienced no significantly different pathological changes from the control mice at the same month of age but the SDH activity was substantially reduced. In the 5-month-old mutant mice, as compared with the control mice, mild vacuolation was found in the testes, the density and motility of sperms were decreased in the epididymes, the sperm fertility was impaired and the testicular enzyme activity was reduced. It is concluded that the age-related Atrn gene progressively loses its function and can cause testis vacuolation and impaired sperm function, which may be responsible for the impairment of male reproductive ability.     

99Tcm标记多肽VEGF125-136及其生物学分布

目的 探讨一种理想的99Tcm标记小分子多肽VEGF125-136的方法,并研究标记物的生物学分布.方法 在合成多肽的过程中直接完成多肽VEGF125-136与双功能螯合剂MAG3的偶联,然后采用正交设计探讨99Tcm的最佳标记条件,并研究标记物稳定性和小鼠体内分布.结果 ①简化了偶联步骤,提高了偶联产率;②最佳标记条件下标记率约78%,经HPLC纯化后放化纯度＞95%,且在室温条件下稳定性好;③ 99mTc-VEGF125-136-MAG3在正常小鼠的血液中清除较快,在肾、肝中摄取较高.结论 以MAG3为螯合剂用99Tcm标记VEGF125-136有良好的标记率.     

Changes of CD4＋ CD25＋ Regulatory T Cells in Peripheral Blood in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Before and after TACE

This study investigated the changes of CD4＋ CD25＋ regulatory T cells （Tregs） in periph-eral blood of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before and after transcatheter arterial chemoem-bolization （TACE）. The proportion of CD4＋ CD25＋ Tregs among CD4＋ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of 33 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was determined by flow cytometry before, 1 week and 1 month after TACE. And 25 healthy volunteers served as control. One month after TACE, the patients were divided into two groups： 22 in group A, who were in stable condition or getting better; and 10 in group B, who were deteriorating. One patient died and was excluded. The results showed that the percentage of CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs among CD4＋ T lymphocytes did not significantly change in the 33 patients 1 week after TACE as compared with that before TACE, however, the difference was significant （P〈0.01） between the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and the healthy subjects. The percentage of CD4＋ CD25＋ Tregs among CD4＋ T lymphocytes in group A 1 month after TACE was decreased significantly in comparison with that before and 1 week after TACE （P〈0.01）, whereas, that in group B was increased significantly 1 month after TACE （P〈0.01）. It was concluded that patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had a higher proportion of CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs in peripheral blood. TACE did not significantly affect the level of CD4＋ CD25＋ Tregs within short time （such as 1 week）. The proportion of CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs in peripheral blood 1 month after TACE was related to the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.     

Study of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candida albicans</Emphasis> vaginitis model in Kunming mice

Summary The model of vaginal candidiasis in Kunming mice was constructed in order to search for the optima construction conditions and provide an economic animal model of Candida albicans (C. albicans) vaginitis. Estrogen benzoate (E₂) was given to mice at different concentrations ranging from 0.0 to 0.05 mg/mouse (4 levels) beginning 72 h prior to vaginal inoculation, then mice were inoculated intravaginally with various concentrations of stationary-phase C. albicans blastoconidia (ATCC90028) (5 levels) in 20 μL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) in each E₂ level. General state, scores of genital pathology, the hyphae and vaginal fungal burden (CFU) in vaginal lavage fluid, the hydrops rate of uterus and vaginal tissues for pathological section in mice were observed and obtained at day 2, 4, 7, 14 and 21 after inoculation. The results showed the infection rate in mice was related to the dosage of E₂ and concentration of C. albicans blastoconidia. Additionally there was better cross-effect between the two treated factors. The infection rate was about 80% on the day 4, and could reach 100% on the day 7 until the end of experiment after inoculated intravaginally in groups of E2I3, E₂ 0.025 mg/mouse injected hypodermically and inoculated intravaginally with 5 × 10⁴ C. albicans blastoconidia, and large amount of hyphae and blastoconidia could be observe in superficial layer tissue and canal of vaginal by PAS. From the results in our experiment it was concluded that E2I3 was the optima construction condition in kunming mice. CHEN Zhuo, female, born in 1965, Associate Professor This project was supported by the National “10th Five-Year” Key Technologies R&D (No.2004BA709B13-02)