Refined rhubarb tablets in the treatment of acute hemorrhaging of the upper digestive tract

Refined rhubarb tablets were used to treat 182 cases of acute hemorrhaging of the upper digestive tract with a total effective rate of 96.1% and an average hemostatic time of 2.8 days. Prospective and double blind comparative studies of the drug revealed that it had a remarkably higher hemostatic effect than compound western medicines (P<0.01) and was superior to crude rhubarb, which usually caused nausea and vomiting and had unstable therapeutic effects. Acute and subacute toxicity determinations, genetic toxicologic tests, as well as determinations of various indexes of blood vessels, pepsin, blood rheology, platelets, bleeding and blood coagulation factors were done, suggesting that refined rhubarb tablets were non-toxic, safe and effective in local hemostasis and general hemodilution-like hemostasis.     

Clinical and Experimental Study of effects of rhubarb on gastrointestinal blood flow perfusion in critical illness

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大黄、活性炭复方制剂对7/8肾切除大鼠慢性肾功能不全模型的治疗效果

［ 目的］ 研究大黄、活性炭复方制剂对７／８ 肾切除大鼠慢性肾功能不全模型的治疗效果及其作用机理．［ 方法］ 建立７／８ 肾切除大鼠慢性肾功能不全模型,观察治疗组与慢性肾功能不全对照组１６ 周内血清肌酐、尿素氮、血清钙、磷、２４ｈ 尿蛋白定量、血清肌肝清除率以及光学显微镜和电子显微镜变化．［ 结果］治疗组血清肌酐及尿素氮较对照组升高缓慢,血清肌肝清除率显著升高,血清钙升高,血清磷降低,２４ｈ 尿蛋白定量明显减少;明显减轻肾小球肥大和系膜基质增多程度,减少肾小球硬化与半月体形成数．［ 结论］ 大黄、活性炭复方制剂对７／８ 肾切除大鼠慢性肾功能不全模型有显著治疗效果,能延缓慢性肾功能不全的进展     

Clinicaland Experimental Study on Effect of Rhubarb on Gastrointestinal Blood Flow Perfusion

Objective: To study the effect of rhubarb on gastrointestinal (GI) blood flow perfussion.Methods: State of GI blood flow perfussion in critically illed patients was estimated by intramural pH (pHi) of GI to observe the clinical effect of rhubarb on it, and experimental study was performed in hemorrhagic shocked rats.Results: Clinical study showed pHi level in septic patients was much lower than that in the control, whereas rhubarb could obviously elevate it (P<0.001). The clinical effective rate of rhubarb in treating stress ulcer caused hemorrhage was 73 %. Animal study showed that though the shocked rats were resuscitated completely, their GI blood flow perfussion was much lower than that in the control. Rhubarb could significantly improve the blood perfusion of mucous membrane of GI and mesenterium (P<0.01) in shocked or normal rats.Conclusion: Rhubarb could improve the GI blood perfussion in critical illness and shocked rats.     

大黄对多器官衰竭大鼠肠粘膜屏障的保护作用

目的：探讨大黄对多器官衰竭大鼠肠粘膜屏障的保护作用。方法：６０只大鼠随机分为对照组，生理盐水治疗组和大黄治疗组，以酵母多糖Ａ制作多器官衰竭模型，观察肠道细菌移位，血浆内毒素水平，肠粘膜的病理变化，结果：大黄治疗组血及内脏中细菌移居数量减少，血浆内毒素水平低，小肠病理损害轻，并有杯状细胞增生，结论：大黄对多器官衰竭大显肠粘膜屏障有保护作用。     

312 cases of gastric and duodenal ulcer bleeding treated with 3 kinds of alcoholic extract rhubarb tablets

The alcoholic extracted tablets of rhubarb have been studied medically in this hospital for 10 years. They were divided into three groups, namely, Rheum officinale Baill, Rheum palmatum L, and Rheum tanguticum Maxim ex Balf. By using double-blind measurement of effect, the efficiencies of the groups appeared to be 90.7%, 93.7%, and 92.8% respectively. The time taken for the stool occult blood changing from positive into negative was 57.1, 53.4, and 56 hours respectively (P greater than 0.05). The medical difference is not significant. This shows that they are efficient in curing the upper digestive tract bleeding.     

大黄对妊娠特有疾病治疗临床观察

目的研究大黄在妊娠特有疾病中的治疗作用.方法收集2005年1月至2009年7月间62例临床妊娠特有疾病患者,应用胃肠粘膜内pH值检测胃肠粘膜的血液灌注和氧合情况.观察大黄对此类患者应激性胃肠粘膜病变及中毒性肠麻痹的疗效.结果大黄对此类患者应激性胃肠粘膜病变治疗有效率达80.6%,与洛赛克对照治疗组无差异;大黄对中毒性肠麻痹的有效率达77.4%,明显高于莫沙比利对照治疗组P〈0.05;大黄能显著提高胃肠粘膜内pH（P〈0.01）;说明大黄能明显改善胃肠道氧合和功能状况.结论大黄对此类患者发生应激性胃肠粘膜病变和中毒性肠麻痹有较好的疗效.     

经鼻空肠营养管给予中药大黄联合生大黄外敷治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床研究

目的：对比研究经鼻空肠营养管给予中药大黄联合生大黄外敷治疗重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）的治疗效果。方法：将60例SAP患者随机分为治疗组（30例）和对照组（30例）,两组均予急性胰腺炎规范化治疗,包括监测生命体征、禁食水、胃肠减压、补充液体、维持水电解质和酸碱平衡、抗感染、镇痛、抑酸治疗、抑制胰酶活性等。治疗组经空肠营养管注入中药大黄,同时联合给予生大黄外敷。比较两组患者治疗效果,观察两组患者腹痛腹胀缓解时间、首次排便时间、血尿淀粉酶恢复正常时间及第3、7天时APACHE-Ⅱ评分等。结果：治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。治疗组腹痛腹胀缓解时间、首次排便时间、血尿淀粉酶恢复正常时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组治疗3、7 d时APACHE-Ⅱ评分均下降,以治疗组下降更明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：经鼻空肠营养管给予中药大黄联合生大黄外敷治疗SAP能够提高临床疗效、促进胃肠道功能恢复、缩短病程,值得推广应用。     

Clinical study of the therapeutic effects of rhubarb as a main drug in the treatment of chronic renal failure

To seek an effective treatment to delay the development of chronic renal failure, the authors studied the effects of a therapy integrating Chinese and Western medicine with rhubarb as the main drug. Sixty hospitalized patients were divided into an integrated Chinese and Western medicine therapy group (test group, 30 cases) and a Western therapy group (control group, 30 cases). There were no differences in age, sex, underlying diseases and renal function of the two groups. The patients in both groups were treated for three weeks as a therapy course. The results show the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine after treatment were higher than before treatment in the control group, but lower in the test group. The value of reciprocal coefficient (slope or b value) relationship between inverse serum creatinine slope and time in the control group was ?1.198±3.931, but the slope (b value) in the test group was 0.125±2.252. There were no side-effects to be found in either group. The study suggests that integrated Chinese and Western medicine using rhubarb as a main drug can delay renal function deterioration and improve renal function in some cases.     

乌司他丁联合大黄治疗重症胰腺炎疗效观察

目的:探讨乌司他丁联合大黄治疗重症急性胰腺炎的疗效。方法:将56例重症急性胰腺炎患者随机分为治疗组和对照组:治疗组28例,应用乌司他丁联合大黄治疗;对照组28例,应用乌司他丁治疗。观察患者治疗前后血淀粉酶、血糖、血钙、白细胞计数,治疗后腹痛和腹胀缓解的时间,首次排便的时间,并发症发生率及平均住院天数。结果:治疗组腹痛和腹胀缓解时间短,并发症发生率低、平均住院天数短、实验室指标改善快。结论:乌司他丁联合大黄治疗重症急性胰腺炎可提高疗效。     

生大黄联合血液净化治疗重度急性有机磷农药中毒疗效分析

目的观察生大黄联合血液净化治疗重度急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)的安全性、有效性。方法选取2005年2月至2013年2月广西玉林市第二人民医院重症医学科收治的重度AOPP患者60例,其中联合治疗组(31例)在常规治疗基础上采用生大黄联合血液净化治疗,生大黄组(29例)为同期收治的因经济困难等原因仅予生大黄+常规综合治疗。观察两组患者昏迷至清醒时间、机械通气时间、住院时间、胆碱酯酶恢复时间,阿托品、氯解磷定使用总量及中间综合征发生率、多脏器功能障碍(MODS)发生率、病死率等。结果联合治疗组昏迷至清醒时间、机械通气时间、住院时间、胆碱酯酶恢复时间分别为(5.9±1.1)d、(6.1±1.2)d、(9.2±1.5)d、(3.9±0.7)d,生大黄组分别为(7.3±1.3)d、(8.5±1.3)d、(11.8±1.6)d、(6.2±0.8)d,联合治疗组显著短于生大黄组(P<0.05);联合治疗组阿托品、氯解磷定使用总量分别为(108.2±8.7)mg、(7.3±1.0)g,生大黄组分别为(121.8±9.3)mg、(12.3±1.3)g,联合治疗组显著少于生大黄组(P<0.05);联合治疗组中间综合征发生率、MODS发生率、病死率分别为6.5%、12.9%、9.7%,生大黄组分别为31%、41.4%、37.9%,联合治疗组显著低于生大黄组(P<0.05)。结论生大黄联合血液净化治疗重度AOPP可缩短住院时间,减少并发症,提高救治成功率,降低病死率,是一种安全有效的方法。     

舒筋活血分散片溶出度的研究

目的建立舒筋活血分散片的溶出度测定方法,并比较舒筋活血分散片、舒筋活血片及舒筋活血胶囊在胃肠道中溶出的差异。方法应用溶出度测定法,以水200 mL为溶剂,转速为60 r/min依法操作,测定舒筋活血分散片中4-甲氧基水杨醛的溶出度,并与其它两种制剂比较。结果舒筋活血分散片批间的溶出度结果差异较小,30 min后样品的累积释放百分率趋于平稳(大于95%),且在3种制剂中,舒筋活血分散片体外溶出速率较快,且能达到最大溶出百分率。结论舒筋活血分散片溶出度测定方法简便、准确,重复性好,可用于舒筋活血分散片的质量控制;在相同条件下,舒筋活血分散片的溶出速率快于胶囊剂与普通片剂。     

Clinical Study of the Therapeutic Effectsof Rhubarb as A Main Drug in the Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure

ＣｌｉｎｉｃａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｆｔｈｅＴｈｅｒａｐｅｕｔｉｃＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＲｈｕｂａｒｂａｓＡＭａｉｎＤｒｕｇｉｎｔｈｅＴｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｒｏｎｉｃＲｅｎａｌＦａｉｌｕｒｅＹｅＲｅｎ－ｇａｏ（叶任高）；ＬｉＹａｎ－ｃｈｕｎ（李彦春）；ａｎｄ...     

非诺贝特缓释片的研究

目的：提高非诺贝特体外溶出速率,减少给药次数,制成缓释制剂。方法：以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为载体,用溶剂法将非诺贝特制成固体分散物,又以海藻酸钠为辅料,制成水溶性凝胶骨架片;体外溶出试验依照中国药典（９５版）Ⅰ法测定。结果：非诺贝特缓释片释放机制符合一级动力学模型,有良好缓释效果;初步稳定性实验表明光照稳定,而高温、高湿对溶出度有显著影响。结论：采用固体分散物技术及制成水溶性凝胶架片可以提高难溶性药物非诺贝特溶出速率并获得良好的缓释效果。     

血液透析联用大黄治疗肾功能衰竭疗效观察

目的 :观察血液透析联用大黄治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的疗效。方法 :患者随机分成Ⅰ (血透 +大黄 )组与Ⅱ (单纯血透 )组 ,进行血透 2～ 12h/w ,3.5h/次 ,同时 ,Ⅰ组服用大黄制剂 ,日一剂 ,6个月后进行血BUN、Cr上升速率统计 ,并进行营养状况估计及血透次数比较。结果 :Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组相比 ,血BUN、Cr上升速率及营养状况均有显著性差异 ,且透析次数显著减少。结论 :大黄辅助治疗 ,可减少慢性肾功能衰竭患者并发症 ,迟缓病情发展 ,改善其营养状况 ,提高生活质量     

ClinicalStudyonSustainedReleaseTablatotTripterygiumWilfordiiinTreatingRheumatoidArthritis

ＣｌｉｎｉｃａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＳｕｓｔａｉｎｅｄＲｅｌｅａｓｅＴａｂｌａｔｏｔＴｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍＷｉｌｆｏｒｄｉｉｉｎＴｒｅａｔｉｎｇＲｈｅｕｍａｔｏｉｄＡｒｔｈｒｉｔｉｓＣｌｉｎｉｃａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＳｕｓｔａｉｎｅｄＲｅｌｅａｓｅＴａｂｌａ...     

生大黄辅助治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床疗效观察

目的：观察生大黄辅助治疗重症急性胰腺炎的临床疗效。方法：选择本院在2011年2月-2013年2月收治的90例重症急性胰腺炎患者,随机分为观察组45例和对照组45例。观察组给予常规治疗的基础上加用生大黄辅助治疗,对照组给予常规治疗,并比较分析两组的疗效。结果：观察组的腹痛缓解时间、腹部压痛缓解时间、血淀粉酶恢复时间、尿淀粉酶恢复时间、白细胞恢复时间以及平均住院时间明显少于对照组,且观察组的疗效也明显优于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：生大黄辅助治疗重症急性胰腺炎的疗效确切、安全,值得临床推广使用。     

微米大黄炭止血机制的实验研究

目的:观察微米大黄炭对止血作用的影响.方法:以昆明种小鼠和SD大鼠为研究对象,将动物分为空白对照组、云南白药组和微米大黄炭大、中、小剂量组共5组,分别给药6 d后,测定小鼠出、凝血时间,测定大鼠凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)及组织型纤溶酶原激活性(t-PA)及其抑制剂(PAI-1)活性.结果:微米大黄炭能够显著缩短小鼠出、凝血时间、PT和APTT,而对t-PA及PAI-1活性无明显影响.结论:微米大黄炭止血作用是通过激活内源性和外源性途径的多种凝血因子而促进凝血过程中的凝血酶原和凝血活酶的生成,与纤维蛋白溶解活性无关.     

依那普利联合硝苯地平缓释片治疗高血压病疗效观察

目的:比较依那普利、硝苯地平缓释片和依那普利联合硝苯地平缓释片对轻中度高血压病的临床疗效。方法:60例高血压病患者[收缩压为140～180mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),舒张压为90～110mmHg],被随机分为依那普利组(对照a组)、硝苯地平缓释片组(对照b组)和依那普利联合硝苯地平缓释片组(治疗组),经过6周的治疗观察,舒张压下降到正常或下降10～19mmHg以上为有效。结果:三组患者血压均有明显下降。治疗组血压明显下降,总有效率达90%;对照a组总有效率达75%;对照b组总有效率达70%。结论:依那普利联合硝苯地平缓释片治疗高血压病疗效显著。