小野寺营养预后指数在胃癌患者预后评估中的价值

目的探讨应用小野寺营养预后指数(Onodera's prognostic nutritional index,Onodera's PNI)评估胃癌患者预后的价值。方法 2000年1月~2014年1月收治的胃癌患者386例,收集患者术前血液检查结果(包括血清白蛋白水平、外周血总淋巴细胞计数),计算每~例患者术前Onodera's PNI。根据PNI分为营养较好组(201例,PNI≥48)和营养较差组(185例,PNI48)。分析PNI与临床病理特征、术后并发症及预后的相关性,并通过Cox回归模型筛选影响胃癌患者的预后因素。结果 386例患者术前平均PNI为50.6±5.7。年龄≥65岁者平均PNI为48.5±5.7,65岁者为51.8±5.4,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01);pT3/T4期及有淋巴结转移者与pT1/T2期及无淋巴结转移者比较平均PNI均明显降低(P0.01)。两组患者术后总体并发症发生率分别为6.5%(13/201)和15.6%(29/185),差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。有并发症组平均PNI值为(49.2±5.4),无并发症组为(51.6±5.3),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。相关分析显示,PNI与患者年龄、肿瘤侵润深度、淋巴结转移状况、术后总体并发症率具有相关性(P0.05)。营养较好组和营养较差组术后5年总体生存(OS)率及无瘤生存(DFS)率分别为86.2%比52.1%(χ~2=9.28,P0.01)及83.5%比53.7%(χ~2=9.36,P0.01)。多因素Cox回归分析证实,营养预后指数是影响胃癌患者预后的独立预测因素(HR=2.16,95%CI:1.57~3.26,P0.01)。结论小野寺营养预后指数能较好地反映胃癌患者的营养状态、手术风险及预后,是独立于TNM分期的一种胃癌患者长期结果的预测指标,其获得简单方便。     

预后营养指数与恶性梗阻性黄疸介入治疗后预后的关系：历史性队列研究

目的 探讨预后营养指数(prognostic nutritional index,PNI)与恶性梗阻性黄疸(malignant obstructive jaundice,MOJ)介入治疗后预后的关系。方法 回顾性收集2018年9月至2021年6月期间于西南医科大学附属医院临床确诊为MOJ且行介入治疗患者的临床病理资料；采用X-Tile统计软件确定治疗前PNI的最佳临界值，据此将患者分为高PNI组(PNI≥最佳临界值)和低PNI组(PNI<最佳临界值)；比较2组患者的临床病理特征；采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线进行生存分析，同时采用Cox比例风险回归模型分析影响MOJ患者预后(预后指标为总生存期)的风险因素。结果 本研究共纳入205例患者。PNI最佳临界值为37.5，高PNI组和低PNI组分别为154例和51例，低PNI组患者中有胆管感染、CA19-9≥400 kU/L、血红蛋白<120 g/L、总胆红素≥300μmol/L、白蛋白<30 g/L及丙氨酸转氨酶<300 U/L患者所占比例较高PNI组更高(均P<0.05)，高PNI组和低PNI组患...     

预后营养指数对结直肠癌病人预后预测价值的临床研究

目的探讨预后营养指数(the prognostic nutritional index,PNI)对结直肠癌病人预后的预测价值。方法回顾性的收集2009年8月至2015年8月手术治疗的结直肠癌病人的临床资料。记录病人的性别、年龄、身高、体重、近期体重变化、术前白蛋白、淋巴细胞计数、癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic:antigen,CEA)、糖类相关抗原-199(carbohydrate antigen-199,CA-199)、肿瘤位置(结肠/直肠)、肿瘤大小、组织分化程度(分化/未分化)、术后TNM分期(I/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ)、手术时间、术中失血量、术后并发症发生情况及术后生存时间等资料。PNI计算方法为:10×术前白蛋白+0.005×淋巴细胞计数(/mm~3),根据PNI计算结果将病人分为高PNI(45)组和低PNI(45)组,比较组间上述指标的差异,Kaplan-Meier生存分析法比较组间生存率的差异,单因素及多因素分析法以确定病人术后死亡的相关危险因素。结果低PNI组高龄病人比例相对较高,病人术前体重降低较为明显,肿瘤体积相对较大,TNM分期相对较晚,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);低PNI组病人术后并发症及严重并发症发生率均相对较高,组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);组间生存分析结果显示,高PNI组病人随访期间生存时间相对较长,组间差异有统计学意义(x~2=4.66,P=0.03);病人术后死亡危险因素的多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,病人术前病人PNI评分、肿瘤组织分化程度及术后TNM分期与病人死亡有关,可作为随访期间病人死亡的独立危险因素(OR值均1.0,P值均0.05)。结论结直肠癌病人术前PNI评分不仅反映了病人的术前营养状况,且与肿瘤生物学行为有关,低PNI评分是病人术后死亡的独立危险因素,可实现对病人预后的早期预测,值得临床进一步研究。     

全身免疫炎症指数联合预后营养指数对接受根治性切除术的肝细胞癌的预后价值研究

目的 探讨联合全身免疫炎症指数（SII）与预后营养指数（PNI）对接受根治性切除术的肝细胞癌患者预后的预测价值。方法 收集2016年10月至2017年9月蚌埠医学院第一附属医院144例行肝细胞癌根治术的患者临床病理资料与随访信息。使用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线计算SII和PNI的截断值,并依此将患者分为高SII组、低SII组、高PNI组、低PNI组。分析不同SII、PNI分组与临床病理资料之间的关系,通过单因素和Cox多因素回归模型分析探讨与患者手术预后相关的因素。根据SII和PNI表达水平,将患者分为低SII高PNI组、高SII低PNI组,并将高SII高PNI患者和低SII低PNI患者纳入同一组中。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线进行术后1、3、5年生存分析,ROC曲线评估SII、PNI以及SII+PNI对患者手术预后的预测效能。结果 SII的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.778,对应截断值为301.48。PNI的AUC为0.721,对应截断值为47.60。通过对不同组别进行分析表明,SII与肝硬化、甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平、TNM分期和肿瘤直径相关（P<0.05）,PNI与年龄、...     

预后营养指数对老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折术后近期预后的影响

目的 分析预后营养指数(prognostic nutritional index,PNI)对老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF)患者术后近期预后的影响.方法 选取2018年8月～2020年12月在本院行PKP手术的老年OVCF患者...     

预后营养指数对结直肠癌同时性肝转移患者预后评估的价值

目的探讨治疗前预后营养指数(PNI)与结直肠癌同时性肝转移患者预后的关系。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2017年1月深圳市人民医院初诊初治的结直肠癌同时性肝转移患者83例临床资料,记录患者5年随访生存结局,利用ROC曲线选取约登指数最大值时的PNI值为截断值,分为高PNI组和低PNI组。采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析,Cox比例风险模型筛选影响患者预后的因素。结果 83例中位随访时间13(9～25)个月,44例死亡。ROC曲线选取PNI值为50.4,约登指数为1.31,分为低PNI组44例(PNI50.4,53.01%),高PNI组39例(PNI≥50.4,46.99%)。低PNI组的OS、PFS较高PNI组明显缩短(P=0.005、0.018)。PNI50.4、未行根治手术、肝多发转移、年龄≥60岁是OS的独立预后不良因素,PNI50.4、未行根治手术是PFS独立预后不良因素(均P0.05)。结论治疗前PNI是结直肠癌同时性肝转移患者OS和PFS的独立预测因子。     

富含脯氨酸的酪氨酸蛋白激酶2在原发性大肠癌中的表达及其对预后的意义

目的 研究富含脯氨酸的酪氨酸蛋白激酶2(proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2,Pyk2)在人原发性大肠癌组织中的表达及其对大肠癌患者预后判断的意义.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测108例原发性大肠癌组织中Pyk2的表达水平,分析Pyk2表达差异与预后的相关性及与临床相关因素的关系.结果 在原发性大肠癌组织中Pyk2低表达率为56.5%(61/108);Pyk2表达水平与肿瘤组织学分级显著相关(P＜0.05),与TNM分期显著相关(P＜0.05),而与患者年龄、肿瘤大小等无关(P＞0.05);Pyk2高表达组患者根治术后五年生存率(66.0%)明显高于低表达组(31.4%);多因素分析显示,Pyk2表达水平、肿瘤组织学分级以及TNM分期是影响大肠癌预后的因素.结论 Pyk2表达水平是影响原发性大肠癌预后的因素之一,可与其他因素联合作为判断大肠癌预后的参考指标.     

预后营养指数对老年骨质疏松症患者髋关节置换术后风险预测及影响因素分析

目的分析预后营养指数(prognostic nutritional index,PNI)与老年骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)症患者髋关节置换术后的风险预测及影响因素,探讨PNI作为老年骨质疏松症患者髋关节置换术后风险及预后指标的作用价值。方法回顾性分析本院2016年5月至2018年12月收治的老年OP行髋关节置换术264例患者的临床资料,根据PNI指数分为PNI≥45(112例)和PNI45(152例),通过单因素和多因素分析评价老年骨质疏松症患者髋关节置换术后影响因素,并分析其预测价值。结果 PNI45的分组患者比PNI≥45分组患者具有更高的年龄、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、高术后并发症、低骨密度、高血清PTH及BLAP含量、低Harris评分,差异具有统计学意义(P均0.05)。但其他指数和指标在两组间对比,差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。不同PNI分组患者的营养免疫相关血液学指标(HGB、TP、ALB、LYMPH、RBC、PALB)及BMI、Harris评分情况在不同时间段进行纵向变化比较,组内及组间差异分别具有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。多因素分析结果显示,PNI(HR=1.26,95%CI:0.89～2.01,P0.001,标准化偏回归系数=0.055)的贡献度最高,是预测术后的独立危险因素。且Kappa系数提示,PNI与Harris筛查评定结果具有一致性(P0.001)。结论 PNI是老年骨质疏松症患者髋关节置换术后独立影响因素,对老年骨质疏松症患者髋关节置换术后风险预测及影响因素分析具有重要意义。     

结直肠癌切除术病人嗜神经侵袭情况及其与预后的相关性研究

目的 探讨结直肠癌切除术病人嗜神经侵袭(PNI)情况及其与预后的相关性。方法 前瞻性选取2018年9月～2019年8月我院行结直肠癌切除术的病人200例，根据是否发生PNI分为PNI组和无PNI组，比较两组病人一般资料、临床特征等，记录所有病人术后总生存时间(OS)以评估预后情况，采用Kaplan-Meier法分析不同特征病人预后。采用Cox回归分析结直肠癌病人切除术后预后影响因素。结果 200例病人中，39例出现PNI为PNI组，其余161例为无PNI组；PNI组肿瘤直径较非PNI组大，T分期T3～T4比例高、转移淋巴结比例高、术后辅助治疗比例较非PNI组多，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Kaplan-Meier曲线显示，病理分期T3～T4病人3年总生存期显著低于病理分期T1～T2期者(Log-rankχ²=3.936,P=0.047);PNI阳性者3年生存率低于PNI阴性者(Log-rankχ²=10.629,P<0.001);术后辅助治疗3年生存率显著高于术后未辅助治疗者(Log-rankχ²=8....     

预后营养因子PNI对老年髋部骨折预后的预测价值

目的探讨预后营养因子(prognostic nutritional index,PNI)对老年人髋部骨折术后的预测价值。方法回顾性分析自2016年1月至2019年1月于树兰杭州医院就诊并行手术治疗的156例老年髋部骨折患者的临床资料。收集患者年龄、性别、手术方式以及术前1周患者血清白蛋白、外周血淋巴细胞数等临床资料,随访患者术后并发症、术后住院时间、术后1年死亡率。使用接受者操作特性(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线将研究对象分为两组,PNI高组(PNI≥40,n=116)及PNI低组(PNI40,n=40),并进行统计学分析,评估PNI对老年人髋部骨折预后的预测价值。结果单因素检验显示年龄、术前白蛋白数值、术前淋巴细胞数值、PNI是老年髋部骨折的预后因素,多因素分析显示年龄和PNI是老年人髋部骨折的独立预后因素。结论 PNI可作为预测老年人髋部骨折手术的预后指标。     

术前预后营养指数对结直肠癌根治术后生存的预测价值研究

目的探讨术前预后营养指数（PNI）对结直肠癌根治术后患者预后的评估价值。 方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2014年1月在蚌埠医学院第一附属医院行结直肠癌根治术的182例结直肠癌患者临床资料和随访资料。根据入院首次采血检查结果，计算PNI、中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比（NLR）和淋巴细胞-单核细胞比（LMR）。采用受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve, ROC）曲线获取PNI、NLR和LMR指标最佳截断值。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线进行生存分析，Cox比例风险模型分析术前PNI与患者预后的关联性。 结果患者术前PNI为22.03~71.06（47.62±9.88），最佳截断值为45.61。高PNI组（≥45.61，115例）患者的5年总生存率明显高于低PNI组（<45.61，67例）（χ2=19.706，P<0.001）。术前PNI与体质指数、肿瘤大小、T分期、N分期、癌胚抗原、CA19-9、NLR和LMR有关。PNI是影响结直肠癌根治术后5年生存的独立危险因素（HR=1.835，95% CI：1.067~3.157，P=0.028）。 结论术前PNI是影响结直肠癌患者根治术后生存的独立危险因素，对结直肠癌的预后评估有一定的临床应用价值。     

Prognostic Nutritional Index Predicts Postoperative Outcome in Colorectal Cancer

Background

The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is calculated based on the serum albumin concentration and peripheral blood lymphocyte count, is a useful tool for predicting short-term and long-term postoperative outcome in patients undergoing cancer surgery. However, few studies have investigated PNI in colorectal cancer surgery. We examined the ability of PNI to predict short- and long-term outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods

This retrospective study included 365 patients who underwent resection for colorectal cancer. The prognostic nutritional status was calculated on the basis of admission data as follows: 10 × serum albumin (g/dl) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count (per mm³). The primary outcomes measured were the impact of PNI on overall survival and postoperative complications.

Results

Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log rank test revealed that low PNI was significantly associated with poor survival (P < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis for survival, preoperative low PNI was an independent prognostic factor for poor survival: odds ratio: 2.25, 95 % confidence interval 1.42–3.59). Moreover, low PNI significantly correlated with the incidence of postoperative complications, especially serious ones.

Conclusions

Preoperative PNI is a useful predictor of postoperative complications and survival in patients with colorectal cancer.     

体质量指数变化与老年胃癌患者营养状态和预后的关系

目的：探讨体质量指数（BMI）变化与老年胃癌患者营养状态和预后的关系。 方法： 纳入老年（≥65岁）胃癌患者116例，计算患者入院前1年内BMI变化量，根据血清白蛋白值和淋巴细胞总数计算预后营养指数（PNI），采用Pearson相关分析BMI变化量与PNI的相关性。通过ROC曲线、生存分析和COX风险回归模型评价BMI变化量与患者预后的关系。 结果：116例老年胃癌患者的BMI变化值（降低）为（2.67±2.11）kg/m2，PNI为44.18±9.31，两者呈负相关（r=-0.87，P=0.003）；BMI变化量预测患者死亡的敏感性为72.73%，特异性为73.34%，分界值为3.36 kg/m2（P<0.001）；按该值将患者分为高BMI变化量组（BMI降低值≥3.36 kg/m2）和低BMI变化量组（BMI降低值<3.36 kg/m2）比较，结果显示，两组患者在PNI、分化程度、肿瘤最大径、浸润深度、淋巴转移、TNM分期和手术根治度上差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）；高BMI变化量组生存率明显低于低BMI变化量组（P<0.05）；BMI变化量是老年胃癌患者预后的独立影响因素（HR=1.72，95% CI=1.31~2.26，P=0.002）。 结论：BMI变化能较好地反映老年胃癌患者的炎症营养状态，BMI显著降低者预后不良。

     

腹腔镜联合胸腔镜一期切除结直肠癌肺转移的疗效及预后因素

目的：探讨腹腔镜联合胸腔镜（双镜）一期切除结直肠癌肺转移的疗效及预后相关因素。方法：回顾性分析35例结直肠癌同时肺转移患者的临床资料,其中17例进行了双镜一期手术切除（双镜手术组）,术后接受化疗;其余18例仅接受全身化疗（非手术组）,比较两组疗效并分析双镜手术患者的预后因素。结果：双镜手术组患者原发性病灶及肺转移灶均达到R0切除。双镜手术组与非手术组1、2年生存率分别为82.3%、44.4%（P=0.028）和52.3%、22.2%（P=0.001）。单因素分析显示,肺转移瘤数量（P=0.002）及纵膈淋巴结阳性（P<0.001）与患者术后生存有关,而患者的性别、年龄,原发肿瘤部位、病理类型、T分期,肺转移瘤大小、切除方式,手术前CEA水平,化疗方案均与其术后生存时间无关（均P>0.05）;多因素分析显示,肺转移瘤数量（P=0.005）、纵膈淋巴结转移（P=0.006）是患者术后的预后独立影响因素。结论：结直肠癌肺转移双镜一期手术切除可提高患者的总生存率;肺转移瘤数量及有无纵膈淋巴结转移是影响术后预后的独立因素。

     

Preoperative but not postoperative systemic inflammatory response correlates with survival in colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the preoperative and postoperative systemic inflammatory response and survival in patients undergoing potentially curative resection for colorectal cancer. METHODS: One hundred and eighty patients with colorectal cancer were studied. Circulating concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured before surgery and in the immediate postoperative period. RESULTS: The peak in CRP concentration occurred on day 2 (P < 0.001). During the course of the study 59 patients died, 30 from cancer and 29 from intercurrent disease. Day 2 CRP concentrations were dichotomized. In univariable analysis, advanced tumour node metastasis stage (P = 0.002), a raised preoperative CRP level (P < 0.001) and the presence of hypoalbuminaemia (P = 0.043) were associated with poorer cancer-specific survival. CONCLUSION: Preoperative but not postoperative CRP concentrations are associated with poor tumour-specific survival in patients undergoing potentially curative resection for colorectal cancer.     

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??Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis analysis of young patients with colorectal cancer HUANG Qun-sheng*, ZHONG Ke-li??HE Xiao-sheng, et al. *Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou 510655, China
Corresponding author: LIAN Lei, E-mail: lianlei2@mail.sysu.edu.cn
HUANG Qun-sheng and CHENG Ke-li are the first authors who contributed equally to the article
Abstract Objective To investigate the difference of clinicopathologic characteristics between young and old colorectal cancer patients and the prognosis of young patients. Methods Young ??≤40 years old?? n=398?? and old ??60-70 years old?? n=398?? patients diagnosed as colorectal cancer from January 2012 to December 2016 in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were included in the retrospective study and their clinicopathologic characteristics were compared. Survival data were obtained by follow-up examinations and the last time of follow-up was December 2017. Survival rate was calculated and the survival curve was drew by Kaplan-Meier. Log-rank test was conducted to compare the difference of survival rate and Cox regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of prognosis. Results Young colorectal cancer was associated with higher proportion of family history ??P??0.001???? ?? and ?? stages of TNM ??P=0.015???? neoadjuvant therapy ??P??0.001??, anemia (P=0.017) and positive rate of preoperative CEA ??P??0.001???? as well as lower albumin ??P??0.001?? and BMI ??P??0.001??. Postoperative pathology showed that larger volume ??P??0.001???? more invasive behavior ??P=0.023???? poorer differentiation ??P=0.003?? and higher proportion of mucinous adenocarcinoma were found in young colorectal cancer. The three-years survival rate were 85.5% and 85.6% in the young and old grouprespectively. Univariable and multivariable prognostic analysis showed that there was no significant difference in overall survival between groups. Multivariable analysis of prognosis in young patients with colorectal cancer showed that IV stgage??HR?? 10.85?? 95% CI?? 4.698-25.050??P??0.001?? and lymphovascular invasion ??HR??4.283??95%CI??1.956-9.378??P??0.001?? were independent risk factors of prognosis. Conclusion The clinicopathologic characteristics are different between the young and old colorectal cancer?? while the overall survival rate is not significantly different. IV stage and lymphovascular invasion are independent risk factors of prognosis in young patients with colorectal cancer.     

Colorectal cancer surgery in patients older than 80 years of age: experience at one nonteaching hospital in Japan

The safety and efficacy of surgical treatment for colorectal cancer in patients older than 80 years of age are seldom assessed. The aim of the present study was to compare short- and long-term outcomes after surgery between younger and elderly patients at a single nonteaching hospital. In all, 342 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection for invasive primary colorectal cancer between April 1999 and April 2007 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their age at the time of surgery, those younger than 79 years of age (n = 283) and those older than 80 years of age (n = 59). A greater proportion of elderly patients had concurrent disease before surgery, right-sided colon cancer, and postoperative complications. Cox proportional hazards model (multivariate analysis) identified three independent risk factors for a poor outcome after surgery (excluding death by other causes): 1) the presence of preoperative symptoms; 2) noncurative resection for colorectal cancer; and 3) the presence of lymph node metastases. Age older than 80 years was not a risk factor for a poor postoperative prognosis. At our nonteaching hospital, surgical resection appears to be a safe and beneficial treatment option for elderly patients (older than 80 years of age) who have colorectal cancer.     

Prognostic Nutritional Index Predicts Outcomes of Gastrectomy in the Elderly

Background

Owing to the increased life expectancy, elderly patients with gastric cancer is also increasing. Onodera’s prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is an assessment tool for nutritional status of surgical patients and possibly predicts prognosis of the patients. The aim of the present study is to clarify the predictive and prognostic significance of PNI in elderly patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Methods

Two hundred ninety-five patients, including 196 nonelderly patients under 75?years old (group NE) and 99 elderly patients (group E), were eligible. We collected the data on nutritional status and the outcome of gastrectomy, including morbidity, mortality, and survival of these patients. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the prognostic significance.

Results

The PNI was significantly lower in group E than in group NE. Both morbidity and mortality rates after gastrectomy were similar between the groups. Although PNI could not predict the postoperative events in group NE, low PNI might be a risk of mortality and morbidity in the elderly. Although survival after gastrectomy was similar among groups divided by the median PNI value (49.2) in group NE, the prognosis of PNI-L (<44.7) was significantly poorer than PNI-H (PNI?≧?44.7) in group E. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that PNI-L was an independent prognostic factor in the elderly.

Conclusions

The PNI predicts both short-term and long-term outcomes after gastrectomy in the elderly.     

Assessment of outcomes after colorectal cancer resection in the elderly as a rationale for screening and early detection

BACKGROUND: Clinical, social and survival outcomes in elderly patients undergoing bowel cancer surgery were studied to explore the justification for the current upper age limit in colorectal cancer screening programmes. METHODS: Scottish national data were analysed to determine age-specific population survival following a diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Detailed analysis of outcome variables was undertaken in a cohort of 180 patients aged over 80 years who underwent resection of colorectal cancer. RESULTS: Population analysis revealed that the absolute risk of developing colorectal cancer was highest in those aged over 80 years, but relative survival was disproportionately poor. Of 180 patients in this age group, 30.0 per cent required an emergency procedure and only 4.6 per cent had Dukes' stage A tumours. Determinants of all-cause mortality were tumour stage (P < 0.001) and degree of co-morbidity (P = 0.004). Some 88.0 per cent of elderly patients returned to the same category of accommodation as that before admission. CONCLUSION: Colorectal cancer is increasingly common in people aged over 80 years and survival is disproportionately poor compared with that in other age groups. Elective management of early-stage cancer has a better outcome than emergency surgery. The majority of patients maintain social independence. These population and hospital data provide a rationale for early, and even presymptomatic, detection of colorectal cancer in the elderly.     

Perineural invasion is a prognostic factor for biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy

Objectives:   To identify the prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer.
Methods:   Overall, 237 patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer between 1995 and 2004 were analyzed for all clinical and pathological factors. The influence of these two pathological features on biochemical failure-free survival was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results:   Lymphovascular and perineural invasion were identified in 41 (17.2%) and 100 (42.0%) patients, respectively. LVI and PNI were significantly associated with the preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, a higher PSA density, a higher pathological stage, a higher Gleason score, a higher frequency of extracapsular extension, a higher frequency of seminal vesicle invasion, and a higher frequency of a positive resection margin. Positive resection margins ( P  = 0.001) and perineural invasion ( P  = 0.011) were identified as independent factors associated with biochemical failure-free survival by the multivariate analysis.
Conclusions:   In this series, PNI was associated with established parameters of biologically aggressive disease, and was an important prognostic factor for biochemical failure-free survival in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. This finding supports routine evaluation of the PNI status in radical prostatectomy specimens and suggests that patients with PNI should be more closely followed after surgery.