氩离子凝固术对兔大肠黏膜的损伤作用

目的:研究国产氩离子凝固治疗仪不同输出参数对兔大肠黏膜的损伤深度,探讨APC治疗的安全使用范围.方法:以国产氩离子凝固治疗仪对32只新西兰白兔在体大肠黏膜进行凝固,参数选用不同氩气流量(2.0、2.5、3.0、4.0 L/min)和不同作用方式(3 s连续方式和脉冲方式凝固).内镜超声测量结肠壁厚度,光学显微镜下观察组织损伤深度.结果:内镜超声扫描喷凝局部黏膜呈高回声,其余各层回声减低.随氩气流量和输出功率增加,大肠黏膜损伤加重( P = 0.006、0.023).脉冲方式和连续方式对大肠壁的损伤程度有统计学差异( P = 0.030),脉冲方式的组织损伤程度较连续方式轻.结论:氩离子凝固术对大肠黏膜损伤深度可控,可以作为一种安全的治疗手段.     

内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗Barrett食管

目的对氩离子凝固术（APC）治疗Barrett食管（BE）的疗效进行前瞻性评估。方法选择2004年3月至2005年1月经胃镜检查、病理证实的15例BE患者进行60WAPC治疗，术后予质子泵抑制剂辅助治疗。对其疗程、疗效、并发症进行评估。结果15例均完成治疗，平均随访期为13．2个月。12例仅需1次APC治疗即获得消除，3例需2次治疗，平均烧灼次数为1．2次。8例治疗期间有轻度并发症，其中7例为胸骨后疼痛，1例治疗后出现轻度吞咽困难，未予手术治疗，半年后逐步缓解。1例在BE完全消除后6个月再现肠上皮化生，该例患者再次予以APC治疗，之后6个月内2次胃镜检查未发现复发，治疗总有效率为93％。结论APC治疗是一种安全、有效的治疗BE的方法。     

内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗胃癌前病变临床研究

目的探讨内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗胃黏膜癌前病变的价值及安全性。方法应用奥林巴斯260电子胃镜结合病理对108例胃黏膜癌前病变患者进行氩离子凝固术治疗,所有病例治疗6月后进行临床随访、内镜及病理组织学复查。结果 108例患者其中胃黏膜肠上皮化生43例（39.8%）及上皮内瘤变65例（60.2%）,104例患者临床症状减轻,复查胃镜示原病灶消失,复查病理组织学示胃黏膜肠上皮化生或上皮内瘤变消失,尚存慢性活动性炎症（92.6%）或萎缩性炎症（5.6%）,治疗有效率98.1%,所有病例治疗中未发生出血、穿孔等并发症。结论内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗胃黏膜癌前病变安全、有效、快捷、经济,值得在基层医院推广。     

氩离子凝固术对食管黏膜损伤的探讨

目的 探讨内镜下氩离子凝固术(APC)对食管黏膜的损伤程度。方法 在11例食管癌患者接受外科手术时,分别对其癌旁食管黏膜组织按不同功率(45 W、60 W、90 W)和不同时间(1s、3 s)进行APC烧灼。APC探头离黏膜组织约2 mm,呈约30°角,烧灼后的组织分别用光镜、电镜观察细胞及其超微结构,判断损伤程度。分析损伤程度与功率、时间的关系。结果 在55处APC烧灼后的组织切片标本中,46处仅累及黏膜层或黏膜下层,7处累及肌层,2处穿透全层。损伤深度与功率有关(P<0.01),与持续时间无明显关系(P>0.05)。结论 APC在内镜下治疗食管疾病时须将能量控制在一定范围以保证治疗的安全。     

内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗Barrett食管的临床研究

目的探讨内镜下氩离子凝固术（APC）联合抑酸治疗对Barrett食管的临床疗效。方法对32例病理证实伴有肠上皮化生的Barrett食管，在内镜下以APC完全毁损化生黏膜，并予以口服奥美拉唑40mg／d抑酸治疗。从末次治疗开始进行为期12个月的内镜随访监测，每次内镜检查时对再生的鳞状上皮进行间隔1cm的四象限活检，对可疑病灶进行针对性的活检。结果32例患者共接受61次APC治疗，31例（96．9％）达到完全的鳞状上皮再生，1例（3．1％）在再生的鳞状上皮间混有岛状的柱状上皮；除1例出现食管轻度狭窄外，无其他并发症的出现。12个月后，共有4例出现内镜下可见的复发，另活检发现d例内镜下无异常患者的再生鳞状上皮下有柱状上皮残留。结论BE的内镜下APC联合抑酸治疗安全有效，能使鳞状上皮替代BE黏膜，但仍有一定比例的复发和残留。     

内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗Barrett食管疗效分析

目的 探讨内镜下氩离子凝固术(APC)治疗Barrett食管(BE)的临床疗效.方法 选择经增强放大内镜及病理组织检查确诊的56例Barrett食管患者,进行45 W流量1.5 L/min的APC治疗,术后予以质子泵抑制剂辅助治疗.并于术后第6、12个月进行增强放大内镜随访.结果 56例BE经APC治疗均完全消除BE上皮.治疗次数共72次,平均每例1.3次,1次42例(75%),2次12例(21.4%),3次2例(3.6 %).56例患者中51例进行了临床随访,48例完成2次随访,3例完成1次随访.51例随访中4例复发(7.8%),且均为LSBE,12个月随访治疗总有效率94.1%.结论 氩离子凝固术治疗Barrett食管是一种安全、有效、简便的方法.     

内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗消化道病变的临床应用

目的探讨氩离子凝固术(APC)在消化道病变内镜介入治疗中的临床应用。方法2005年3月～2009年3月,采用内镜下APC单独或联合治疗509例消化道病变患者,并观察其治疗效果。结果353例胃肠道广基、扁平息肉及息肉残迹经APC治疗后3个月内复查内镜,黏膜色泽正常,原治疗部位无复发。68例成熟型疣状胃炎患者治疗后1月临床症状明显改善,内镜复查病灶好转或消失。17例Barrett食管患者6个月后内镜及病理检查示14例恢复为鳞状上皮,12个月后复查未见复发。38例消化道出血经APC治疗后均未再出血。12例食管支架植入术后再狭窄晚期食管癌患者经APC治疗后实现再通。15例食管中重度不典型增生患者经APC治疗病灶消除。6例联合黏膜切除术早期癌患者治愈。均无严重并发症。结论APC在消化道病变内镜介入治疗中效果显著,且简便易行,并发症少,有较高的临床应用价值。     

内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗胃黏膜白斑的临床病理研究

目的探讨内镜下氩离子凝固术（APC）治疗胃黏膜白斑的疗效及安全性。方法2009年3月-2011年11月，采用内镜下APC治疗137例胃黏膜白斑患者，并观察其治疗效果。结果137例患者中，黏膜白斑病检慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠上皮化生67例（48．91％），伴轻度异型增生27例（19．71％），浅表性胃炎的43例（31．39％），治疗3月后复查胃镜示黏膜白斑病灶均消失，原黏膜白斑处病检示胃黏膜肠上皮化生消失65例（97．01％），异型增生消失23例（85．19％），浅表性胃炎消失40例（93．02％）：原黏膜白斑处病检示萎缩性炎症伴肠化3例（4．48％），萎缩性炎症伴异型增生4例（14．81％），浅表性炎症3例（6．98％），治疗有效率92．70％，所有病例治疗中未发生出血、穿孔等并发症，随访2年未发现癌变病例。结论内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗胃黏膜白斑，安全有效，操作简单，并发症少，临床效果好。     

氩离子凝固治疗联合质子泵抑制剂治疗Barrett食管的临床观察

目的探讨内镜下氩离子凝固治疗联合质子泵抑制剂治疗Barrett食管的临床疗效。方法选择我院2008年8月-2010年6月经胃镜检查、病理活检确诊为Barrett食管的患者54例,采用随机抽样法分成两组,分别为对照组、实验组,每组各27例。对照组：内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗;实验组：内镜下氩离子凝固术治疗后口服埃索美拉唑40mg,1次／d,维持治疗6个月。各组均进行了为期12个月的随访监测,对其临床疗效、并发症、不良反应进行评估。结果两组患者治疗总有效率均为100％,治疗后对照组不良反应发生率为25．93％,实验组为33．33％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;对照组存在不同的临床症状,实验组临床症状缓解率为100％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组均在治疗后第3个月随访中未见复发,对照组在第6个月随访中发现2例复发,复发率为7．41％,第12个月随访中发现5例复发,复发率为18．52％,实验组在治疗后第6个月随访中未见复发,第12个月随访中发现有1例复发,复发率为3．70％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论氩离子凝固术能有效逆转Barrett食管黏膜,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。联合质子泵抑制剂不仅能明显改善症状,还可减少复发,值得临床推广应用。     

Barrett''s esophagus: combined treatment using argon plasma coagulation and laparoscopic antireflux surgery

The treatment of Barrett's esophagus is still controversial. Actually, the only method to prevent the development to cancer is endoscopic surveillance, which ensures good results in terms of long-term survival. An ideal treatment capable of destroying columnar metaplasia, followed by squamous epithelium regeneration could potentially result in a decrease of the incidence of adenocarcinoma. Recently most ablative techniques were used, such as photodynamic therapy, ablation therapy with Nd-YAG laser or argon plasma coagulation and endoscopic mucosal resection. We started a prospective study in January 1998, enrolling 94 patients affected by Barrett's esophagus and candidates for antireflux repair in order to assess the effectiveness and the results of endoscopic coagulation with argon plasma combined with surgery in the treatment of uncomplicated Barrett's esophagus. All patients underwent endoscopic treatment with argon plasma; we observed complete response in 68 patients (72.34%), 27 of them (39.7%) underwent antireflux surgery and the other 41 continued medical therapy. Post-operatively 19 patients (70%) underwent regular surveillance endoscopies and in two cases metaplasia recurred. The final objective of these combined treatments should be the complete eradication of metaplastic mucosa. Our experience was that argon plasma coagulation combined with antireflux surgery or proton pump inhibitor therapy gave satisfactory results, even if follow-up is too short to evaluate the potential evolution of metaplasia to cancer. For this reason, we recommend that this technique should be done only in specialized centres and that these patients continue their endoscopic surveillance program.     

Remarkable effectiveness of endoscopic argon plasma coagulation against diffuse antral vascular ectasia

A 49‐year‐old woman had been suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis and serious anemia (Hb 5.0 g/dL) since January 1998 and had frequent blood transfusions. Epigastric distress appeared in January 2001, and she was referred to Shin‐Kokura Hospital on 6 July of the same year. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed mucosal redness circumferentially encompassing the area from the antrum of the stomach to the prepyloric ring, and telangiectasia was observed at a proximal view over the affected part. A diagnosis of diffuse antral vascular ectasia (DAVE) was made after a histological study by biopsy revealed telangiectasia and stasis at the lamina propria. Endoscopic cauterization was conducted by argon plasma coagulation (APC) in three consecutive sessions. Endoscopy and biopsy carried out at 1 month after completion of the APC therapy showed that the lesion had completely healed. Subsequently, the anemia improved. The results suggest that APC is a reliable and safe method of endoscopic treatment for diffuse mucosal hemorrhagic lesion, including DAVE.     

Endoscopic band ligation plus argon plasma coagulation versus scleroligation for eradication of esophageal varices

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate endoscopic band ligation plus argon plasma coagulation versus scleroligation. Methods: Patients were randomized to: Group I, 50 patients subjected to endoscopic injection sclerotherapy; Group II, 50 patients subjected to variceal band ligation; Group III, 50 patients subjected to combined endoscopic sclerotherapy and band ligation; and Group IV, 50 patients subjected to endoscopic band ligation plus argon plasma coagulation. Results: A comparison of the number of therapeutic sessions showed that group III underwent significantly fewer sessions. As regards post‐treatment complications, Group I showed a high incidence of transient pyrexia, transient dysphagia and/or retrosternal pain and ulceration, while in group II a higher incidence of rebleeding was demonstrated, as well as a higher incidence of esophageal varix recurrence after eradication during the follow‐up period. A higher mortality incidence was detected in groups I and II. The follow‐up incidence did not significantly differ between the different study groups. Conclusion: Scleroligation allows very rapid eradication of varices, has a low recurrence rate, avoids the disadvantage of high recurrence of band ligation alone, and does not require special skills over sclerotherapy or band ligation. Also, band ligation plus argon plasma coagulation allows for very rapid eradication of varices, and a low recurrence rate, with no obvious recorded complications, but it has the disadvantage of being the most expensive technique and requires special equipment that is only available in a few endoscopic centers.     

经电子支气管镜氩气刀治疗气道狭窄的探讨

目的探讨经电子支气管镜氩等离子体凝固疗法（氩气刀）治疗气道狭窄的疗效及安全性。方法采用德国ER-BE公司生产的APC300型内镜专用氩气刀,经电子支气管镜对66例气道狭窄患者进行氩气刀治疗。其中恶性肿瘤41例（肺癌32例,甲状腺癌侵及气管1例,食道癌侵及气管6例,肺转移癌2例）;支气管内膜结核9例;气道良性肿瘤2例（气管多形性腺瘤及气管平滑肌瘤各1例）;炎性肉芽组织增生14例。以病变处狭窄获得再通、临床症状改善进行疗效评价。结果66例进行了182次氩气刀治疗（28例1次,30例2-4次,8例5次以上）。显效及部分有效51例（77.27％）,轻度有效14例（21.21％）,无效1例。结论氩气刀治疗气道狭窄疗效佳,并发症少,安全性好,有较高的临床推广价值。     

经支气管镜冷冻联合氩气刀治疗支气管结核28例临床分析

目的探讨经支气管镜介入冷冻联合氩气刀治疗结核性大气道狭窄的疗效。方法对28例支气管结核患者的狭窄气道进行冷冻联合氩气刀治疗,比较治疗前后的临床表现、影像学及镜下改变等指标来进行疗效评价。结果 28例患者经过平均1.6个月和平均4.7次/人的治疗,完全有效57.1%(16/28),部分有效35.7%(10/28),轻度有效7.1%(2/28),无效0例。术中有2例出现气胸,其余的未见明显不良反应,经过1～4月的随访,4例出现再次狭窄而采取支架植入治疗,长期有效率达71.4%(20/28)。结论冷冻联合氩气刀治疗支气管结核是一项安全、有效、简便的支气管治疗方法。