上消化道Dieulafoy病变的临床与内镜特点分析

【目的】分析上消化道Dieulafoy病变的临床与内镜特点。【方法】对37例上消化道Dieulafoy病变出血患者其临床与内镜特点进行回顾性总结。【结果】本组37例上消化道Dieulafoy病变出血患者中,男女比为4.3∶1。平均年龄52.7岁。临床上以突发性、间歇发作的呕血、黑便为主要特点。病灶位于胃食管连接处以下6cm范围内占51.4%,位于胃大部分切除术后胃空肠吻合口占24.3%。内镜下病变主要呈现为孤立性圆形或椭圆形黏膜缺损者占89.2%,其大小介于2~3mm之间,黏膜缺损的中央可见突出的小动脉,或于裸露血管上可有血痂、渗血或见搏动性出血。【结论】上消化道Dieulafoy病变是引起上消化道大出血的原因之一,临床上以突发性、间歇发作的呕血、黑便为主要特点。该病不仅好发于胃食管连接处以下6cm区域,也好发于胃大部分切除术后的胃空肠吻合口。本病的内镜表现多种多样,最常见的内镜表现是孤立性圆形或椭圆形黏膜缺损,黏膜缺损的中央可见突出的小动脉,或于裸露血管上可有血痂、渗血或见搏动性出血。     

Dieulafoy病26例诊治分析

目的 探讨Dieulafoy病的发病情况、临床特点、内镜下的诊断及治疗.方法 收集我院2006-2012年收治的上消化道出血患者1321例,对其中26例Dieulafoy病患者的临床特点、胃镜表现、治疗方法进行回顾性分析.结果 Dieulafoy病约占上消化道出血患者的1.97％,病变部位:胃底12例(46.2％),胃体8例(30.8％),胃窦2例(7.7％),食管下段1例(3.8％),十二指肠球部1例(3.8％),十二指肠降段1例(3.8％),残胃吻合口2例(7.7％).内镜下可见搏动性出血、血管残端裸露、血痂隆起等表现.金属钛夹治疗的有效率为95％,仅1例钛夹治疗失败后外科手术,术后病理诊断符合Dieulafoy 病.结论 Dieulafoy病是上消化道出血少见而重要的原因,胃镜检查是诊断及治疗该病的关键.内镜下金属钛夹止血及外科胃楔形切除术是有效的治疗方法.     

Dieulafoy病致消化道出血18例临床特点和诊疗分析

[目的]探讨Dieulafoy病致消化道出血的临床特点及诊疗方法.[方法]分析2010年1月至2016年1月本院收治的18例Dieulafoy病患者的临床资料.[结果]18例患者均表现为消化道出血,其中以呕血和黑便为首发症状6例,呕血和暗红色血便2例,仅呕血6例,仅黑便4例.出血病灶位于胃体11例,胃窦2例,胃底1例,十二指肠球降交界处2例,十二指肠降部憩室内1例,十二指肠球部前壁1例.采用内镜下治疗15例,其中金属钛夹钳夹止血12例,硬化剂(聚桂醇)注射2例,金属钛夹联合硬化剂注射1例;15例中有12例止血成功,止血率为80％,3例治疗失败转外科手术治疗;单纯药物治疗2例,1例未行内镜治疗直接手术治疗.经以上治疗,18例中有17例治愈.[结论]Dieulafoy病以消化道大出血为主要表现,金属钛夹钳夹止血及硬化剂注射是首选治疗方法,对于内镜治疗失败患者,外科手术是重要的治疗手段.     

胃Dieulafoy病合并十二指肠Brunner腺瘤漏诊1例报告

1　病历简介男 ,42岁。因反复呕血 ,黑便 3个月 ,大量呕血 1天 ,于2 0 0 0年 3月 5日急诊入院 ,急诊胃镜示胃内大量鲜红色血凝块 ,未发现溃疡 ,未见活动性出血灶 ,入院后予保守治疗 ,观察2 4小时 ,血压下降明显 ,抗休克同时 ,行剖腹探查术 ,术中清除胃内积血 ,发现贲门口下 5 .0 cm胃底区有一直径 2 .0 cm浅表溃疡 ,溃疡及粘膜下可见一直径 2 .5 mm的动脉呈喷射状性出血。确诊 :胃 Dieulafoy病 ,直视下予血管缝扎 ,出血停止 ,术后予补液、输血、营养、支持及抗感染治疗 ,术后 15天痊愈出院。出院后反复出现黑便及皮肤黄染、上腹饱胀不适 ,…     

Dieulafoy病的紧急内镜诊断与治疗

目的：探讨上消化道大出血少见病因Dieulafoy病的诊断及治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析1998年1月—2002年10月收治的12例Dieulafoy病的内镜下特征及内镜治疗效果。结果：12例患者均在急诊胃镜下确诊，出血部位为胃底2例，贲门2例，胃体上段8例。病灶特点为直径在10mm内的浅溃疡或糜烂，中央见血管裸露渗血或喷血、哨兵样突起血痴。10例经内镜局部注射肾上腺素生理盐水或电凝止血成功，2例经3次内镜止血失败改手术治疗，无一例死亡。结论：紧急内镜检查是诊断与治疗Dieulafoy病的首选方法。     

内镜下钛夹治疗非静脉曲张性上消化道出血的疗效观察

上消化道出血为临床常见急症 ,非静脉曲张性上消化道出血最常见的原因有消化性溃疡、血管病变、炎症、黏膜病变、肿瘤等。目前所采用的方法有内镜下电凝、热探头、内镜下注射及药物治疗 ,对于反复发作的小动脉出血及溃疡基底部持续喷血者 ,钛夹止血优于其他治疗方法。我院自 2 0 0 0年 5月使用内镜下钛夹治疗消化道出血患者 34例 ,收到了显著的疗效。1　资料与方法1.1　病例选择　本组 34例患者 ,均以反复呕血、便血病史入院 ,并经输血、补液及药物治疗等未能控制病情 ,入院后行紧急胃镜检查 ,发现活动性出血而行胃镜下钛夹止血治疗。其中男…     

Dieulafoy病14例诊治分析

目的:分析Dieulafoy病诱发消化道大出血的发病机制,探讨其临床特点及治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析因消化道出血而收治的14例Dieulafoy病患者的临床资料。结果:14中首发表现为呕血伴黑便8例,仅呕血4例。仅黑便2例。14例中内镜治疗9例,其中注射高渗盐水或硬化剂4例,射频治疗3例,内镜下金属夹钳夹止血2例,均立即止血。手术5例,均治愈。所有患者随访1年均无复发。结论:消化道出血是Dieulafoy病的主要临床症状,内镜是诊断和治疗Dieulafoy病的首选方法;对于不能内镜治疗者,手术治疗可彻底解决血管畸形问题,仍为重要治疗手段。     

内镜下微波加注射治疗Dieulafoy病的体会

我院经急诊内镜检查的7例Dieulafoy病(亦称胃粘膜下恒径动脉破裂出血),其中5例经内镜微波加注射止血治疗有效,2例手术治疗,现报道如下。 1资料与方法 1.1一般资料 1992～1997年底急诊内镜检出的Dieulafoy病7例,占同期各种原因上消化道出血内镜检查患者的0.91％。本组7例均为男性,年龄26～67岁,平均年龄39.4岁。均无明显诱因突然大量呕血及(或)黑便入院。其中表现为呕血者6例(85.71％),呕血伴黑便4例(57.14％),伴失血性休克5例(71.42％)。 1.2内镜检查 7例均急诊内镜检查,发现病变在胃体小弯后壁3例,胃底后壁2例,胃窦大弯侧1例,十二指肠球部1例。病变于镜下为0.5～2.0cm浅表性溃疡5例,小片状粘膜糜烂2例。病变处活动性喷射状出血(Forrest Ⅰa)4例,血管显露(ForrestⅡa)3例。     

Dieulafoy病合并十二指肠Brunner腺瘤漏诊1例报告

1 病历简介 男,42岁.因反复呕血,黑便3个月,大量呕血1天,于2000年3月5日急诊入院,急诊胃镜示胃内大量鲜红色血凝块,未发现溃疡,未见活动性出血灶,入院后予保守治疗,观察24小时,血压下降明显,抗休克同时,行剖腹探查术,术中清除胃内积血,发现贲门口下5.0 cm胃底区有一直径2.0 cm浅表溃疡,溃疡及粘膜下可见一直径2.5 mm的动脉呈喷射状性出血.     

上消化道Dieulafoy病诊断治疗13例分析

目的　探讨上消化道 Dieulafoy病的诊断和治疗方法。方法　回顾性分析自 1993- 0 1～ 2 0 0 2 - 0 1收治的 13例 Dieulafoy病的临床资料。结果　 Dieulafoy病发生于胃底 7例 ,胃体近贲门小弯侧 3例 ,大弯侧 1例 ,十二指肠球部 1例 ,十二指肠降部 1例。主要表现为突发间歇性大量呕血、黑便和休克。 13例均通过急诊胃镜检查确诊 ,其中术后病理证实 2例。13例均行内镜下止血治疗 ,止血 11例 ,2例胃底 Dieulafoy病镜下止血失败转外科手术。结论　出血后尽快急诊胃镜检查是确诊本病的首选方法。治疗上可先行内镜下止血治疗 ,内镜止血后仍反复出血 ,特别是病灶位于胃底者 ,应及时转外科手术     

胃镜下金属钛夹治疗Dieulafoy病变出血的临床研究

目的探讨胃镜下金属钛夹治疗Dieulafoy病变出血的临床效果。方法 34例Dieulafoy病变出血患者随机分为两组,观察组采用胃镜下放置金属钛夹治疗,对照组采用硬化剂注射治疗,比较观两组患者的治疗效果。结果两组患者在早期止血率、远期止血率、转外科手术率以及住院时间方面差异均无显著性(P>0.05),观察组再出血率明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胃镜下放置金属钛夹治疗Dieulafoy病变出血是一种积极有效地方法,对预防再出血具有较大的优势。     

胰肠吻合方法改进与应用的临床研究（附38例报告）

目的 探讨胰十二指肠切除术（pancreaticoduodenectomy, PD）胰空肠吻合的一种新方法在预防术后胰空肠吻合口瘘的应用价值。 方 法自2009年6月~2013年8月行胰十二指肠切除术38例,胰肠吻合均采用空肠粘膜剥离双荷包缝合套扎+吻合口胰上下缘缝扎法,分析此吻合术式的可行性、疗效及并发症。 结果本组38例胰十二指肠切除手术及胰肠吻合无手术死亡。胰漏2例,发生率为5.26%（2/38）,其中胰头癌1例,胆管癌1例,分别发生于术后第7天和第10天,每天约20~100 ml,经用生长抑素药物治疗3周后治愈。12~18 d 拆线,其他患者恢复良好,未发生腹腔感染、胆瘘、肠瘘及大出血等严重并发症。无死亡病例。 结论空肠粘膜剥离双荷包缝合套扎+吻合口胰上下缘缝扎法,在胰肠吻合中可行性强,方法简单,疗效可靠,胰瘘发生率低,有明显的临床优势,有实用推广价值。      

痔上黏膜环行切除术采用两种不同荷包缝合的近期疗效比较

目的分析和比较痔上黏膜环行切除术（PPH）手术采用单、双层荷包缝合法的疗效。方法将100例重度痔患者（Ⅲ、Ⅳ度），随机采用双荷包缝合及单荷包缝合各50例，观察两种缝合方式的手术时间、术中出血、痔核回缩、肛缘水肿、术后应用止痛药例数、术后出血等临床资料。结果双荷包组手术时间较单荷包组长（P〈0．05），痔核回缩、肛缘水肿等方面明显优于单荷包组（P〈0．05）；术中出血、术后应用止痛药例数、术后出血等两组比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论应用PPH治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ期痔采用双荷包法近期疗效更佳。     

Endoscopic management and follow up of Dieulafoy lesion in the upper gastrointestinal tract

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Dieulafoy's lesion is an important cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and the safety and efficacy of endoscopic treatment have been widely accepted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic management, including hemoclipping and injection methods, for bleeding Dieulafoy lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1995 and 2003, 61 patients with bleeding Dieulafoy lesions underwent endoscopic treatment. The available hemostatic methods were hemoclipping, hypertonic saline-epinephrine injection, and pure ethanol injection. Clinical data, endoscopic features, and treatment outcome were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Comorbid conditions were present in 39 patients (64 %). Active bleeding was noted in 20 patients (33 %). Hemoclipping was a selected treatment in 48 patients (79 %). Initial hemostasis was achieved in 61 patients (100 %). One patient had rebleeding 6 days after the initial procedure but was successfully treated endoscopically. The 30-day mortality was 0 %. During follow-up, for a mean of 47 months, 15 patients (25 %) died of causes unrelated to the Dieulafoy lesion. Two patients had recurrent bleeding due to non-Dieulafoy gastric ulcer, and responded to endoscopic therapy. We encountered no patients who required surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Dieulafoy lesion can be successfully managed by endoscopic treatment. The long-term outcome is acceptable.     

金属钛夹在内镜黏膜下剥离术中的应用与护理配合

目的探讨金属钛夹在内镜黏膜下剥离术中的应用与护理配合。方法对87例消化道病变患者施行内镜下剥离术中金属钛夹的选择、应用和护理配合进行回顾性总结。结果 85例患者剥离成功。术中67例使用金属钛夹止血,26例使用金属钛夹作创面缝合,3例术中发现穿孔予金属钛夹夹闭穿孔部位,均在1周左右出院。结论金属钛夹在内镜黏膜下剥离术中的止血和缝合创面的作用极大地提高了手术的安全性,护士熟悉金属钛夹的型号、性能,实现医护完美配合对手术成功有重要意义。     

直肠癌经腹前切除术后吻合口出血的护理

目的探讨并分析直肠癌经腹前切除术后吻合口出血的原因,并提出护理对策。方法回顾性分析和总结9例直肠癌经腹前切除术后吻合口出血的临床表现和护理对策。结果9例直肠癌经腹前切除术后吻合口出血的患者中,5例经保守治疗3～5d后出血停止;4例保守治疗无效,行横结肠造口术或回肠造口术后出血症状得到改善。9例患者住院14～23d出院,无出现其他并发症。结论做好心理护理、引流管护理、腹部切口和肛门排出液的观察和促进胃肠功能恢复对预防和治疗直肠癌经腹前切除术后吻合口出血具有重要的意义。     

Jejunal cavernous lymphangioma manifested as gastrointestinal bleeding with hypogammaglobulinemia in adult: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Lymphangioma is a benign lesion that rarely involves the gastrointestinal tract,especially in adults.Small bowel lymphangioma is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding.Here,we report a case of an adult diagnosed with jejunal lymphangioma presenting with melena,anemia and hypogammaglobulinemia.We also summarize and analyze all 23 reported cases from 1961 to 2019,and propose an algorithm for identification and management of small bowel lymphangioma.CASE SUMMARY A case of a 29-year-old woman presented with persistent melena and irondeficiency anemia,accompanied by hypogammaglobulinemia.No lesions were found in the initial workup with esophagogastroduodenoscopy,colonoscopy and computed tomography(CT)enterography.Ultimately,capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy revealed a 3 cm×2 cm primary lesion with intensive white lymphatic dilatatory changes and visible fresh blood stains,accompanied by a small satellite lesion.The patient underwent complete surgical resection of these lesions,and histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of cavernous lymphangioma of the jejunum.The patient showed no evidence of disease at the time of this report.CONCLUSION We recommend CT,capsule endoscopy and enteroscopy to identify the lesions of lymphangioma.Laparoscopic surgery with histological diagnosis is an ideal curative method.     

Dieulafoy病的急救治疗与护理

目的总结Dieulafoy病的急救治疗和护理体会,为临床护理提供依据。方法对36例Dieulafoy病的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结其护理措施。结果36例患者中24例患者首次内镜下止血治疗成功,5例内镜下止血效果不佳行外科手术,1例直接外科手术治疗,6例无活动性出血患者经内科保守治疗未发生再出血,36例患者均康复出院。结论心理护理、病情观察和及时有效的急救,配合内镜治疗护理、合理饮食和健康指导,是Dieulafoy病患者顺利康复的主要护理措施。     

Successful diagnosis and treatment of jejunal diverticular haemorrhage by full-thickness enterotomy: A case report

BACKGROUNDJejunal diverticula are the rarest of all small bowel diverticula and usually have no classic clinical symptoms. Jejunal diverticular haemorrhage (JDH) is a rare complication and can be difficult to identify and manage, hence it always resulting in a diagnostic delay and unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. Although with the advances in endoscopic technology, no consensus have been reached on the diagnosis and management of JDH, the conventional surgical intervention still remains the mainstream for the management of JDH. We report an unique case of a 63-year-old male who presented with massive haemorrhage from jejunal diverticula, which was successfully managed by initial resuscitation and definitive surgery.CASE SUMMARYA 63-year-old male was admitted as an emergency with 6 h history of haematemesis and melena. The haematemesis appeared to be bright red, with volume exceeding 100 mL. The amount of melena was estimated to be 200 mL. Initially, the patient received fluid resuscitation and three unit blood transfusion. Then, in order to localize the bleeding sites, colonoscopy, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and mesenteric angiography were utilized but failed to identify the source of haemorrhage. Informed consent form was obtained for further treatment, and he was treated with an exploratory laparotomy and the bleeding site was successfully located during the procedure. He was diagnosed with JDH. The postoperative period was uneventful, and he was discharged on day 18 after surgery. No rebleeding occurred at the 1-year follow-up.CONCLUSIONIn patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, if various techniques fail to identify the cause of haemorrhage in small bowel and haemodynamic instability is sustained with continuous resuscitation, we recommend surgical intervention should be the ultimate treatment of choice.